The document outlines the five generations of computers, detailing their technological advancements and characteristics from 1940 to present. Each generation is defined by key developments such as vacuum tubes, transistors, integrated circuits, microprocessors, and the inclusion of advanced software technologies. The progression highlights improvements in size, speed, reliability, and accessibility for users.

1. GENERATIONS
OF COMPUTER
BY P.MAHALAKSHMI
B.SC B.ED COMPUTER SCIENCE

2. COMPUTER
 A computer is an
electronic device that can
process and store
information.
 It can be performed
calculations, manipulate
data and execute
instructions to accomplish
specific tasks.
 The basic components of
a computer include the
central processing
unit(CPU), random access
memory(RAM), storage,
input devices, output
devices and various
peripheral devices.

3. GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER
 This long period is often
conveniently divided
into the subsequent
phases called
generations of
computer.
 There are majorly five
generations of computer
are:-
•
First Generation
Second Generation
Third Generation
Fourth Generation
Fifth Generation

4. FIRST GENERATION OF
COMPUTER(1940 TO 1956)
 The first generation
computers were
developed by using
vacuum tube or
thermionic value
machine.
 The input of this system
was based on punched
cards and paper tape;
however, the output was
displayed on printouts.
 The first generation
computers worked on
binary-coded concept(i.e.,
language of 0-1)
 Examples: ENIAC,
EDVAC, etc.

5. SECOND GENERATION OF
COMPUTER(1956 TO 1963)
 The second generation
computers were
developed by using
transistor technology.
 In comparison to the
first generation, the
size of the second
generation was
smaller.
 In comparison to
computers of the first
generation, the
computing time taken
by the computers of
the second generation
was lesser.

6. THIRD GENERATION OF
COMPUTER(1963 TO 1971)
 The third generation
computers were developed
by using the Integrated
Circuit (IC) technology.
 In comparison to the
computers of the second
generation, the size of the
third generation computers
was smaller.
 In the computing time were
also taken less according to
second generation.
 The maintenance cost of the
computers in the third
generation was also low.
 The computer system of the
computers of the third
generation was easier for
commercial use.

7. FOURTH GENERATION OF
COMPUTER(1972 TO 2010)
 The fourth generation
computers were developed
by using microprocessor
technology.
 By coming fourth
generation, computer
became very small in size,
it became portable.
 It is much faster and
accuracy became more
reliable.
 The production cost
reduced to very low in
comparison to the
previous generation.
 It became available for the
common people as well.

8. FIFTH GENERATION OF
COMPUTER(2010 TO TILL DATE)
 By the time, the computer
generation was being
categorized on the basis of
hardware only, but the fifth
generation technology also
included software.
 The computers of this
generation had high capability
and large memory capacity.
 Working with computers of
this generation was fast and
multiple tasks could be
performed simultaneously.
 Some of the popular advanced
technologies of this generation
include Artificial intelligence,
Quantum computation,
Nanotechnology, Parallel
processing, etc.

9. THANK
YOU