The document discusses general safety and occupational health and safety (OHS). It outlines that safety is everyone's responsibility, not just safety professionals. It also describes occupational health hazards like chemicals, physical hazards, and ergonomics issues. Key standards for health and safety are mentioned from organizations like OSHA, HSE, and ISO. Benefits of OHS include fewer injuries, higher productivity, and legal compliance. Safety depends on attitude, knowledge, and taking prompt action on hazards. Key elements of construction safety include personal protective equipment, hazard communication, fall protection, equipment operation safety, and electrical safety.

1. GENERAL SAFETY AND OHSA

2. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY Working without Safety is a Dead-End Job

3. OVERVIEW Safety is not of safety professional’s job only, it is prime responsibility of each individual. It is you who will be at risk & because of you or any other, in case of any critical situation due to your unsafe act.

4. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH? Industrial Hygiene, Occupational Health, Ergonomics. Identification, evaluation and control of occupational hazards, if left uncorrected, can cause illness / diseases. Industrial Hygiene Chemical – vapors, mists, gases, solvents, dust, particulates. Physical – noise, radiation, vibration, heat / cold stress, ventilation. Biological – bacteria…etc Ergonomics – fatigue, repetitive, motions, work stations (OSHA, HSE (UK), WHO)

5. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY? Accident / Injury Prevention Damage Control Loss Prevention Fire Prevention / Fire Protection Property Protection (OSHA, HSE (U.K), OHSAS 18000) Freedom from unacceptable risk of harm (ISO)

6. STANDARDS OF HEALTH & SAFETY There are two main standards in which H&S is being covered, ILO-OHS guidelines OHSAS 18001:2007 (occupational health & safety assessment series 3. OHSA 29 CFR 1926 for construction safety

7. BENEFITS OF OH & S Less injuries Less property losses More profit Legal compliance (get rid off penalties) Equal working frequency in safe manners Increase in productivity Achieve goals A management system where performance can be measured against key indicators Implementation of ERP (people & property) Identification of all associate hazards / aspect on papers & then easy to control losses through positive approach. Many other………..share

8. SAFETY DEPENDING UPON What you think about it? What you know about it? What you do about it?

9. SAFETY IS ACHIEVED WITH Right attitude Correct knowledge & skills Prompt actions on identified hazards to eliminate

10. WHAT IS ATTITUDE? A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101112 13 14 1516 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 K N O W L E D G E 11 14 15 23 12 5 4 7 5 = 96 A T T I T U D E 1 20 20 9 20 21 4 5 = 100 The right thing that needs to be set

11. SAFETY MANAGEMENT Risk Assessment, legal compliance, object / target / programs OHS & E Policy Planning Implementation & Operation Checking & Corrective Action Management Review Continual Improvement

12. LAWS ADDRESSING HSE IN PAKISTAN A few laws, not limited to these……. Factories Act, 1934 and Sind Factory Rules 1975 along with Occupational Hazards Rule 1969. The Explosive Act 1884 and Rules 1940 Boiler and Pressure Vessel Ordinance-2002 Electricity Act 1910 and Rules 1937 Construction safety law in Pakistan ??????????

13. OSHA 1926 1926- OSHA Construction Standards Subpart A General Subpart B General Interpretation s Subpart C General Safety and Health Provisions Subpart D Occupational Health and Environmental Controls Subpart E Personal Protective and Life Saving Equipment Subpart F Fire Protection and Prevention Subpart G Signs, Signals, and Barricades Subpart H Materials Handling, Storage, Use, and Disposal Subpart I Tools - Hand and Power Subpart J Welding and Cutting Subpart K Electrical Subpart L Scaffolds Subpart M Fall Protection Subpart N Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Elevators, and Conveyors Subpart O Motor Vehicles, Mechanized Equipment, and Marine Operations Subpart P Excavations Subpart Q Concrete and Masonry Construction Subpart R Steel Erection Subpart S Underground Construction, Caissons, Cofferdams, and Compressed Air Subpart T Demolition Subpart U Blasting and the Use of Explosives Subpart V Power Transmission and Distribution Subpart W Rollover Protective Structures; Overhead Protection Subpart X Ladders Subpart Y Commercial Diving Operations Subpart Z Toxic and Hazardous Substances

14. KEY ELEMENT OF HSE IN CONSTRUCTION Personal Protective Equipment (PPEs) HAZ-COM FALL PROTECTION MOBILE / LIFTING EQUIPMENT OPERATION TOOLS & EQUIPMENTS ELECTRIC SAFETY SCAFFOLDING