A ppt on construction site safety and management

1. SEMINAR
CONSTRUCTION SITE SAFETY & MANAGEMENT
21 November 2014
Prepared By-
Anchal Gupta
NanoC Class Seminar -Title 1

2. 1. Introduction
2. Why Safety
3. Safety Management
4. Safety Plan
5. Hazards Prevention & Control
6. Do (Responsibility & Communication)
7. Checks
8. Act
9. Example of accident analysis
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3. Introduction
Safety means free from danger or risk and managing the workers/labours for ensuring
safety is called management. Therefore the construction site safety & management deals
with safety of labours and employees working at the site.
In India the construction industry is the second largest employer next to agriculture and
about 31 million people are employed in construction sector. Indian construction industry
is labour intensive comprising of semi- skilled and unskilled workers; Therefore the safety
of labour at the site should be kept in mind and appropriate measures should be take for
the same.
The best way to protect workers against hazards is to control problems at the source. The
problem regarding construction industry is not that the hazards and risks are unknown, but
it is very difficult to accurately identify in a constantly changing work environment. To
prevent health hazards at work, all possible hazards that may be encountered should be
identified in advance. In the present study various types of hazards present in construction
areas were identified and appropriate PPE for hazard prevention were suggested.
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4. Why Safety ?
• To reduce cost as if any accident occurs the it will increase indirect cost of the
project.
• It is a moral and legal obligation of employers to provide a safe working place
and of employees to work safely.
• Project runs on schedule as if any accident takes place it affects the work site
and project may be delayed, therefore safety also takes care of time.
• Productivity will increase.
• Studies have proved that there is an adverse effect on a contractor’s reputation
and unfavourable image for the client when the project suffers high accident
rates ; Therefore Company’s reputation will be better.
• To fulfil the statutory requirements formulated by central government against
construction safety.
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5. Safety Management
• The safety management team follows “ PDCA” cycles to ensure the safety at site.
PDCA stands for-
P- Plan
D- Do (Responsibility & Communication)
C- Check
A- Act
• The PDCA cycles covers both IS- 18001 Occupational Health Safety Assessment
Series (OHSAS) & IS- 14001 Environmental Management System (EMS).
• For ensuring Health & Safety at site we have to study the types of hazards and
identification of activities that may cause risk.
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6. Safety Plan
Risk :- Risk is a outcome of a Hazard.
Types of Risk
I. Cut
II. Burn
III. Injury
IV. Fatality
V. Causality
VI. Explosion
Types of Hazards
I. Physical hazard - Physical hazards are different types of energy which may
be hazardous to workers such as Noise, Vibrations, Temperature extremes,
Radiation.
II. Biological hazard - Exposure may occur during demolition, renovation,
sewer work, work on air handling systems, or other construction work from
contact with contaminated or disease-carrying Soil, Insects,Water etc.
III. Chemical hazard - Chemicals can exist in the form of dusts, fumes, fibers
(solids), liquids, gases, vapors, welding fumes, spray paints.
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7. Safety Plan (contd.)
IV. Ergonomic hazard - Ergonomic hazards can cause painful and disabling
injuries due to heavy, frequent, or awkward lifting, repetitive tasks,
awkward grips, postures, using excessive force, overexertion, using wrong
tools for the job or using tools improperly, using improperly maintained
tools, hand-intensive work.
 Identification of Activities that may cause Risks
a) Scaffolding
b) Concreting
c) Formwork
d) Use of ladder
e) Working at height
f) Excavation
g) Piling Work
h) Welding
i) Gas cutting
j) Bar bending
k) Driving
l) Loading & unloading
m) DG setter
n) Lifting Equipment
o) House Keeping
p) Store of chemicals
q) Petroleum products
r) Gas cylinders
s) Batching Plant
t) Use of dumpers
u) Earth moving
equipments
v) Passenger hoists
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8. Hazard Prevention & control
• Establish procedures for timely correction or control of hazards,
1. Engineering techniques, where feasible and appropriate procedures for safe
work which are understood and followed as a result of training, positive
reinforcement, correction of unsafe performance, and enforcement.
2. Provision of personal protective equipment such as:
•Eye protection- Glasses
•Respiratory protection- Mask
•Ear protection- Ear Defenders
•Face protection- Face Mask
•Head protection- Hard hats
•Hand protection- Gloves
•Foot protection- safety shoes
•Body protection- Jackets
•Fall protection- Belts
3. Administrative control
4. Provide for facility and equipment maintenance
5. Plan and prepare for emergencies
6. Training and drills, as needed
7. Establish a medical program
8. First aid on site
9. Physician and emergency care nearby
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9. Do (Responsibility & Communication)
1. Tool Box Talk
2. PEP Talk
3. Signage's (Safety signs)
4. Posters
 Safety & Health Training
Addresses the safety and health responsibilities of all personnel, whether salaried
or hourly. Ensure that all employees understand the hazards to which they may be
exposed and how to prevent harm to themselves and others from exposure to these
hazards.
Ensure that supervisors carry out their safety and health responsibilities, including
•Analyzing the work under their supervision to identify unrecognized potential
hazards
•Maintaining physical protections in work areas
•Reinforcing employee training through continual performance feedback and, if
needed, enforcement of safe work practices.
•Ensure that managers understand their safety and health responsibilities, as
described under the Management Commitment and Employee Involvement
element of the guidelines
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10. Checks
• Ensuring work permits
• Internal/ External safe audits in regular frequencies
• Checklists throughout the construction phase
• Preparation of audit reports for check
• Indentifying non conformant, non compliance
• Near misses actions which has ability to cause risk
• Legal requirements
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11. Act
Actions taken for the reduction of accidents.
• Management review meetings
• Discussion on loop holes in the system
• Resources & Budgets are discussed to reduce accidents, costs and increase productivity
• Accident analysis
• Reactive measures
Accident recording & reporting
Accident investigations
• Proactive measures
H & s safety policy
H & s safety programme/plan
H & s safety induction/training
Tool-box talk
Others
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12. Example of an accident analysis
Accident: Falling off a stepladder
The unsafe act: Climbing a defective ladder
The unsafe condition: A defective ladder
The correction: Replace the ladder
Questions:
– Why was the defective ladder not found during normal inspection?
– Why did the supervisor allow its use?
– Didn’t the injured employee know it should not be used?
– Was the employee properly trained?
– Was the employee reminded not to use the ladder?
– Did the supervisor examine the job first?
Answers:
– An improved inspection procedure
– Improved training
– A better definition of responsibilities
– Pre-job planning by supervisors
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