The document discusses different types of motion relevant to human movement and sports biomechanics. It defines general motion as the combination of angular motions at joints that produce linear motion of the body. Examples of linear motion discussed include a ball moving in a straight line, a downhill skier maintaining form, and a swimmer gliding off the wall. Rotational, oscillatory, and reciprocating motions are also defined and examples provided, such as the movement of joints, wings, and tails exhibiting rotational motion.

1. GENERAL MOTION AND THE
HUMAN PERFORMER THE MULTI
SEGMENTAL MODEL

2. Introduction

3.  The free movement of an object in relation to time
is known as motion.
 It can be described as the act of shifting one’s
position.
 For instance, a moving train, a rotating fan, a rolling
ball, and so forth. Even though the planet is always
in motion.
 General motion is the most common type of
motion in sport and physical exercise.
Running Riding a bicycle and walking are among
typical examples.

4. In this case the trunk moves in linear motion as
a result of rotary motions of individual segments of
extremities.
Riding a bicycle is another example of general
motion.
Good knowledge of biomechanics allows you to
evaluate a technique of motions in a sport you never
personally did, as well as a new technique in a sport
you have been doing for years.

5. Training methods based on the traditional
approach always recommend which skills and
techniques you should learn but biomechanics
answers these questions, too, and many more.
With the help of biomechanics it is possible to far
better manage the teaching and training processes.
Using the knowledge of biomechanics you can
achieve better performance of your charges and
teach new skills to your students on a higher level
or, as the case may be, in a shorter time.

6. The motion of an object is categorized
into four, on the basis of the nature of the
movement of the object
Rotatory Motion – It is a type of motion in
which an object rotates around a central axis.
Oscillatory Motion – In oscillatory motion, an
object moves back and forth in the same motion.
Consider the pendulum.
Linear Motion – This is a one-dimensional
motion that occurs in a straight line. for example, a
train on a track.

7. Reciprocating motion – A continuous up-and-
down or back-and-forth motion is referred to as a
reciprocating motion.
A gymnast, for example, swinging on a ring.

8. Linear motion

9. Linear motion
Is movement in a straight line.
Our body produces forces that cause angular
motion of our joints that are then combined to
cause linear motion of our bodies. This is known
as general motion.
An example of linear motion in sport is a ball
moving in a straight line, or when an athlete, such
as a downhill skier, holds a particular body
position as they move in a straight line.
Another example is a swimmer when the glide
off the wall.

10. What is an example of linear motion?
 An example of linear motion is an athlete running
a 100-meter dash along a straight track. Linear
motion is the most basic of all motion.
An example of linear motion in sport is a ball
moving in a straight line,
 when an athlete, such as a downhill skier, holds a
particular body position as they move in a straight
line.
 Another example is a swimmer when the glide off
the wall.

11. Linear motion is one-dimensional motion along
a straight line, and can therefore be described
mathematically using only one spatial dimension.
When an object tends to move along a straight
line, it is said to be exhibiting linear motion.

12. EXAMPLES OF LINEAR MOTION
 FIRING A BULLET

13.  SWIMMING IN A STRAIGHT LINE

14.  PARADE

15.  MOTION OF A CAR ON A STRAIGHT
ROAD

16.  FREE FALL OF OBJECTS

17. There Are Two Types Of Linear
Motion
Rectilinear Motion And
Curvilinear Motion.

18. I) Rectilinear Motion
The motion of a body in a straight line is known
as rectilinear motion.
It is also known as translational motion. In
rectilinear motion all particles of the body travel
the same distance along parallel straight lines.
For example, A man/car moving on the straight
road, Ants moving in a straight line, A ball dropped
from a height, a train running on the straight track
will trace rectilinear path.

19. (ii) Curvilinear Motion
If the motion of a body is along a curved path, it is
said to be the curvilinear motion.
In curvilinear motion the trajectories of individual
particles of the body are curved, although the
orientation of the body in space does not change

20.  Example: When completing a basketball shot the
ball travels under a parabolic flight path, this is
classed as a curvilinear motion known as
projectile motion.
 A car moving along a curved path, Motion of earth
around the sun.

21. Examples of Curvilinear Motion
Cycling
Ball thrown upwards at an angle
Javelin Throw
Turning of a Car
Javelin Throw
Running on Curved Race Track

22. Difference between Linear Motion
and Rectilinear Motion:
Linear Motion
Linear motion is
defined as when a
body is moving in a
straight line or along a
curved line in a plane
Rectilinear Motion
Rectilinear motion
is defined as a
phenomenon in which
a body is moving only
along a straight line.

23. ROTATIONAL MOTION
 motion can be defined as the motion of an
object around a circular path, in a fixed orbit.”
 For example, when animals walk, their knee joint
helps to undergo a rotatory motion in the lower
limbs enabling the person or the animal to move.
The joint here acts as an axis of rotation for the
angular motion of the lower limb bones.

24. Examples of angular motion in biomechanics
 Movement in the shoulder, elbow, and knee
joints: In humans and animals every movement
that occurs in our ball and socket joint present in
the shoulder the elbow joint, and the knee joint
covered by the knee cap involves the application of
angular motion.
 Movement in wrist joint: The angular motion
taking place in the wrist joint in which the wrist
acts as the angle of rotation enables us to carry out
various activities like writing, picking up things,
throwing objects, etc.

25.  Movement of wings: The wings enable birds to fly.
Angular motion plays a very important role in the
movement of wings.
 Movement of tails: Certain animals such as
monkeys, sloths, etc. use their tails to carry out
several activities.

26. Rotary Motion Examples in Real Life
Wheels of a Moving Vehicle.
Helicopter Rotor Blades.
Clock Ticking.
Rotation of Earth.

27. Oscillation motion
What is oscillatory motion?
Oscillatory motion is defined as the to and fro
motion of an object from its mean position.
The ideal condition is that the object can be in
oscillatory motion forever in the absence of
friction but in the real world, this is not possible
and the object has to settle into equilibrium. The
pendulum of a clock or even sound waves are
good example.

28.  It takes the same time for every such complete
swing.
 One complete swing is called oscillation.
 Such a back and forth repetitive motion is called
oscillatory motion.
Give some examples of oscillatory motion
 Oscillation of simple pendulum.
 Vibrating strings of musical instruments is a
mechanical example of oscillatory motion.
 Movement of spring.
 Heart beat
 wings of birds movements

29. Types of Oscillatory Motion
There are two types of oscillatory motions,
namely,
Linear Oscillatory Motion and
Circular Oscillatory Motion.

30. In linear motion, the object moves left and right
or up and down. Some examples of this type of linear
motion are as below:
 The vibration of strings of the musical instruments,
Movement of the fluid in a U-tube column and
In the circular motion, though the object moves left
to right but in circular form, the motion of the
pendulum in watch, Motion of swing

31. RECIPROCATING MOTION
 What is the difference between reciprocating
and oscillating motion?
Even things that don't move back and forth can
oscillate. Something that gets bigger and smaller
can be said to oscillate.
"Reciprocation" is most often used to refer to
motion that is repetitive and involves some kind of
back-and-forth changing of the position.

32. Examples of Reciprocating Motion
Sewing Machine Needle

33.  Door Bell Ringer

34.  Shaper Machine