The document discusses human values and ethics, focusing on democratic values such as equality, liberty, fraternity, freedom, justice, pluralism, tolerance, respect for all, and freedom of expression. It outlines the historical development of democracy, key features, and its distinctions from non-democratic governance. This framework aims to encourage individuals to live in a free and fair manner within a democratic society.

1. 1
GE3791 – HUMAN VALUES AND ETHICS
Mr. Mohanraj K S
Assistant Professor
Dept of Mechanical Engg
Jai Shriram Engineering College
Jai Shriram Engineering College

2. 2
Unit I – Democratic Values
• Understanding Democratic values: Equality, Liberty,
Fraternity, Freedom, Justice, Pluralism, Tolerance, Respect for
All, Freedom of Expression, Citizen Participation in
Governance – World Democracies: French Revolution,
American Independence, Indian Freedom Movement.
• Reading Text: Excerpts from John Stuart Mills’ On Liberty
Jai Shriram Engineering College

3. 3
Democracy
General will of People
Jai Shriram Engineering College

4. Jai Shriram Engineering College 4
Republic
Constitution

5. Jai Shriram Engineering College 5
What is Democracy?
• A form of government in which the rulers are elected
by the people is termed democracy. One of the chief
factors of all democracies is that people choose the
government. Democracy helps students to demarcate
between democratic and non-democratic
governments.

6. Jai Shriram Engineering College 6
Web Link : https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/democracy-vs-republic/

7. Jai Shriram Engineering College 7

8. Jai Shriram Engineering College 8
FEATURES OF DEMOCRACY

9. Jai Shriram Engineering College 9
HISTORY OF DEMOCRACY

10. Jai Shriram Engineering College 10
ATHENS GREECE

11. Jai Shriram Engineering College 11
ROMAN REPUBLIC

12. Jai Shriram Engineering College 12
MEDIEVAL AND RENAISSANCE INFLUENCE

13. Jai Shriram Engineering College 13
AMERICAN & FRENCH REVOLUTION

14. Jai Shriram Engineering College 14
EXPANSION OF SUFFRAGE

15. Jai Shriram Engineering College 15
• Democratic Values are a set of values that help
individuals in the nation live in a free and fair
way.

16. Jai Shriram Engineering College 16

17. Jai Shriram Engineering College 17
Democratic Values
• Equality
• Liberty
• Fraternity
• Freedom
• Justice
• Pluralism
• Tolerance
• Respect for all
• Freedom of Expression

18. Jai Shriram Engineering College 18

19. Jai Shriram Engineering College 19

20. Jai Shriram Engineering College 20
Equality – Democratic Value 1
• Foundational democratic value that emphasizes
fairness and equal treatment of all individuals
within society.

21. Jai Shriram Engineering College 21

22. Jai Shriram Engineering College 22
Liberty – Democratic Value 2
• Encompasses individual freedoms and rights.
• Individuals should have the autonomy and freedom to make
choices, pursue their interests without undue interferences from
government or other individuals
• Lack of limits on people's actions while still enabling them to
develop their own identities.

23. Jai Shriram Engineering College 23

24. Jai Shriram Engineering College 24
Fraternity – Democratic Value 3
• Emphasizes the importance of Solidarity, brotherhood and
community within the context of democratic values.

25. Jai Shriram Engineering College 25

26. Jai Shriram Engineering College 26
Freedom – Democratic Value 4
• Freedom resides within the mind and heart.
• People want the freedom to live a life of purpose, to select
freely a lifestyle in which they and their children can grow
healthily.

27. Jai Shriram Engineering College 27
Justice

28. Jai Shriram Engineering College 28
Justice – Democratic Value 5
• The recognition of values in relationship, their fulfillment,
right evaluation and ensuring mutual happiness
• Justice is usually associated with the law. The point of law is
to keep everything in a society fair according to society’s
rules.

29. Jai Shriram Engineering College 29

30. Jai Shriram Engineering College 30
Pluralism - Democratic Value 6
• The coexistence of many values or other human traits in a
society with the purpose of enabling individuals to pursue
happiness.

31. 31
Jai Shriram Engineering College

32. Jai Shriram Engineering College 32

33. Jai Shriram Engineering College 33
Tolerance - Democratic Value 7
• Respecting and appreciating the culture of others.

34. Jai Shriram Engineering College 34

35. Jai Shriram Engineering College 35

36. Jai Shriram Engineering College 36
Respect for all
• acknowledging the things you value and acting in a way that
honors their worth.

37. Jai Shriram Engineering College 37

38. Jai Shriram Engineering College 38
Freedom of expression
• Free to hold opinions and ideas and to share them with others
without the state interfering