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Everything You Need to Know About Gastric Ulcers
- 2. INTRODUCTION Ulcer An ulcer is a discontinuity or break in a bodily membrane that impedes the organ of which that membrane is a part from continuing its normal functions.
- 3. Types of Ulcers Peptic ulcer 1. Esophageal ulcer 2. Duodenal ulcer 3. Gastric ulcer • Pressure ulcer • Genital ulcer • Ulcerative dermatitis • Anal fissure
- 4. Peptic Ulcer ■ Also known as “peptic ulcer disease” (PUD) Peptic ulcer is a break in the lining of the stomach, first part of the small intestine, or occasionally the lower esophagus.
- 6. Occurrence of peptic ulcer (Cont.) • Duodenal ulcers are four times more common than gastric ulcers. • Mortality rates from peptic ulcer are low • High prevalence • One of several upper GIT diseases that is caused,partially, by gastric acid • Wide range of symptoms
- 7. Symptoms • Abdominal pain • Located in epigastric area • Burning in quality • Occur on an empty stomach 2-4 hours after meal or at night (nocturnal pain) • Relieved by antacids • Tend to wax and wane over months
- 8. Symptoms (Cont.) • Perforations • Blotting and abdominal fullness • Nausea and vomiting • Loss of appetite (because of pain) • Weight loss • Stomach obstruction • Heartburn • Hematemesis • Melena • Deep tenderness
- 10. Cont.... Acute Peptic Ulcers. • Cushing ulcer • Curling ulcer Chronic Peptic Ulcera. • Duodenal ulcer • Gastric ulcerc. • Esophageal ulcerd • Bleeding ulcer. • Refractory ulcer
- 11. Acute (Stress) Peptic Ulcer Cushing Ulcer Gastric, duodenal or esophageal ulcer arising in patients with intercranial injury or operation Curling Ulcer Occuring mosty in the proximal duodenum and associated with severe burns and trauma
- 13. Chronic Peptic Ulcer • Gastric Ulcer • • A gastric ulcer is a sore that is on the inside of the stomach • • Causes • • ■ Infection with Helicobacter pylori • • NSAIDs (e.g. Aspirin, ibuprofen, diclofenac)
- 14. Chronic Peptic Ulcer (Cont.) • Duodenal Ulcer • • The peptic ulcer having a sore on the upper part of small intestine • • Causes • • H.pylori • • Damaging of lining of mucosal wall
- 16. Chronic Peptic Ulcer (Cont.) • Esophageal Ulcer • • Open sores or lesions in the lining of esophagus • • ☐ Mostly occur in the lower end of esophagus • • Causes • • ■ Associated with bad case of chronic gastro esophageal reflux disease or GERD
- 18. Chronic Peptic Ulcer (Cont.) • Bleeding UlcerInternal bleeding is caused by a peptic ulcer which has been left untreated. • When this happens it is now referred to as bleeding ulcer■ Most dangerous type of ulcer
- 20. ETIOLOGY OF PEPTIC ULCER • No single cause • • ■ End result of an imbalance between digestive fluids in stomach and duodenum • • ■ Most common cause of ulcer is infection with a type of bacteria called Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori)
- 21. Factors that can increase the risk of ulcers • Use of NSAIDs (such as aspirin, naproxen, ibuprofen and many others prescription medicines; even safety-coated aspirin and aspirin in powder form can cause ulcers • • ▪ Excess acid production from gastrinomas (tumors of acid-producing cells) • Excessive drinking • • Smoking or chewing tobacco • • ☐ Serious illness • • ■ Radiation treatment of the area
- 22. Ulcer Medication Proton Pump Inhibitors(PPIs) -Reduce acid level and allow ulcer to heal These include:- Dexlansoprazole, Esomeprazole Lansoprazole Omeprazole • Pantoprazole • Rabeprazole • Omeprazole/sodium bicarbonate etc.
- 31. THANK YOU