This document compares the fossil fuel natural gas to the non-fossil energy source of wind power. It discusses their pros and cons, including reliability, renewability, land use, transportation, impacts on the environment and climate change, and economic and social factors. Both energy sources provide benefits but also have disadvantages. Natural gas contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change while being a reliable source, while wind power does not emit greenhouse gases but can be unreliable depending on wind conditions.
This document compares the fossil fuel natural gas to the non-fossil energy source of wind power. It discusses their pros and cons, including reliability, renewability, land use, transportation, impacts on the environment and climate change, and economic and social factors. Both energy sources provide benefits but also have disadvantages. Natural gas contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change while being a reliable source, while wind power does not emit greenhouse gases but can be unreliable depending on wind conditions.
Wind energy harnesses the power of wind using turbines, while coal energy burns pulverized coal in power plants. Wind turbines have little environmental impact and minimal hazards, but some oppose their appearance. Coal has significant negative environmental consequences such as air and water pollution. It also poses health and safety risks to miners and plant workers. While wind turbines have higher initial costs, coal energy has increasing mining expenses and wind power is becoming more affordable over time. Overall, the document concludes wind energy is cleaner, safer, and increasingly cost-competitive compared to coal.
This document provides an overview of various nonrenewable energy resources, including oil, natural gas, coal, and nuclear energy. It discusses where these resources come from, how they are extracted and processed, as well as some of the advantages and disadvantages of each resource. In particular, it notes that fossil fuels like oil, natural gas and coal account for about 80% of the energy generated in the US currently, but that they are nonrenewable and their combustion contributes to issues like global warming. Nuclear energy is presented as an alternative that does not emit greenhouse gases, but it produces radioactive waste that remains dangerous for thousands of years.
The document discusses energy from waste and waste-to-energy plants. It explains that waste contains biomass that can be burned to generate electricity or heat. Waste-to-energy plants reduce the amount of garbage in landfills and produce renewable energy. However, burning waste also releases pollutants and emissions must be properly controlled. The document also provides statistics on energy potential from urban waste and the capacity of existing waste-to-energy plants.
Wind turbines convert kinetic energy from wind into electrical energy through the rotation of blades connected to a shaft that spins a generator. The generator produces electricity that feeds into the utility grid. Wind power produces zero emissions and uses minimal water and land compared to other energy sources. While wind power has small environmental impacts, concerns include effects on wildlife from collisions with turbines and visual or noise pollution. The United States uses wind power because it is a clean, renewable, and cost-effective energy source that can supplement other forms of electricity production.
Environmental Impacts of Electricity ProductionDenise Wilson
A comprehensive overview of the many environmental impacts (on air, water, land, and ecosystems) of producing electricity from coal, natural gas, nuclear energy, water, wind, sun, and biomass.
The document discusses various sources of energy including fossil fuels, biofuels, hydro power, wind energy, solar energy, tidal energy, wave energy, and ocean thermal energy. It notes the advantages and disadvantages of each source, how the energy is captured or harnessed from each source, and potential environmental consequences of exploiting different energy sources.
Global Energy Consumption and alternative technologiesKnut Linke
Global energy consumption is increasing at 2.4% annually, straining resources and causing more pollution. Residential energy usage, especially for heating, cooling and hot water, accounts for a large portion of total usage. Alternative technologies like solar PV, solar thermal, and geothermal can help reduce energy consumption and shift to cleaner sources. These technologies are becoming more affordable with government incentives that cover 30% or more of installation costs, making them viable options for homeowners looking to save money and help the environment.
Conventional and Non conventional Energy sourcesHassan Sardar
Conventional energy resources like coal, oil, and natural gas are non-renewable sources that are being depleted. Non-conventional sources like solar, wind, and hydroelectric are renewable but less utilized currently. Pakistan's total installed electricity capacity is 23,928 MW as of 2015 with fossil fuels contributing 64.2%, hydro 29%, and nuclear 5.8%. However, the average demand is 17,000 MW so there is a shortfall of 5,000-6,000 MW due to aging infrastructure and increasing demand.
The document discusses the need for alternative energy sources due to the finite nature and environmental impact of fossil fuels. It notes that fossil fuels currently supply around 90% of the world's energy but have a limited lifespan of 40-50 years for oil. Burning fossil fuels also contributes to issues like global warming, acid rain and pollution. Alternative renewable sources like solar, wind and hydroelectric offer advantages as they are inexhaustible, clean and available worldwide at small scales. While nuclear power was once seen as an alternative, it produces dangerous radioactive waste and risks like Chernobyl undermine public confidence in it.
Energy conservation is important to reduce costs, promote economic security, and protect the environment for future generations as fossil fuels are non-renewable. While industrialized countries rely heavily on fossil fuels, transitioning to renewable sources like solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biomass is key. Individuals can conserve energy through everyday actions like using appliances efficiently, insulating homes, and choosing active transportation when possible. As fossil fuel reserves are depleted, a combined effort of alternative energy development and behavioral changes around energy use is needed.
Diploma. ii es unit 4 environment renewable and non renewable energy resourcesRai University
Renewable and non-renewable energy sources are discussed. Renewable sources include solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal and tidal power. Solar cells convert sunlight to electricity but have low efficiency. Wind turbines capture kinetic energy from wind to generate electricity. Hydroelectric dams produce large amounts of power but require specific locations. Fossil fuels like coal and oil are non-renewable and produce pollution when burned, though they currently provide most energy. Nuclear power is a non-renewable source that does not pollute when generating electricity but produces radioactive waste.
The document discusses various renewable energy technologies including wind power, hydropower, solar energy, geothermal energy, and bioenergy. It provides details on how each technology works, examples of implementation, and their contributions to energy production globally. Emerging technologies discussed include enhanced geothermal systems, marine energy, artificial photosynthesis, algae fuels, and solar aircraft. Overall the document serves as an introduction to mainstream and developing renewable energy sources.
The document discusses different types of energy sources, including renewable and non-renewable resources. It addresses issues like increasing energy usage due to population growth and economic development. Non-renewable fossil fuels are finite and cause pollution problems like acid rain and global warming. Solutions proposed include more efficient energy usage, renewable resources, and international agreements to reduce emissions.
Energy conservation is important for several reasons. Non-renewable energy sources like fossil fuels are limited, while demands keep increasing. Conserving energy helps save money and reduce pollution. Some ways to conserve energy include recycling, turning off electronic devices when not in use, replacing old light bulbs with energy efficient ones, and not keeping lights on unnecessarily at home or in public places. In India, a large portion of energy comes from non-renewable sources like coal and oil, and the country imports a significant amount of its total energy consumption. Increased energy conservation will help address issues from domestic coal shortages and rising energy import dependence.
Geothermal energy is primarily used in China, where 20% of the world's geothermal energy is utilized, and Portugal's Azores islands. In the Azores, geothermal energy is used to power 5 power plants and heat pans of food buried in the ground. Setting up a home or large power plant using geothermal energy has initial costs, but operating costs are lower than fossil fuels. Geothermal energy is a renewable and clean source that avoids pollution and depletion concerns of fossil fuels, though high initial drilling costs are a potential drawback for some. Geothermal plants work by pumping underground hot water or steam through turbines to generate electricity.
Energy Management in Agriculture is a course which explains how energy can be managed and conserved in order to use it efficiently without harming the environment in the context of Agriculture.
Non Conventional (Renewable) Energy Sources 01Abha Tripathi
The document discusses various non-conventional and renewable energy sources including wind energy, solar power, fuel cells, tidal power, geothermal power, biogas power, and magneto-hydrodynamic power. It provides information on how these sources work, examples of their applications, and considerations for their use.
Energy Conservation is become a necessity for the future of mankind. Energy resources are depleting on a large scale so renewable resources of energy like solar energy and wind energy are used to convert into the necessary forms of energy.
A Year 12 Environmental Science student from Hawkesdale P12 College created this presentation for VCE Environmental Science: Unit 3 school assessed coursework.
Summary Presentation for The Great Transition: Shifting from Fossil Fuels to ...Earth Policy Institute
The energy transition is here. As fossil fuel resources shrink, as air pollution worsens, and as concerns about climate instability cast a shadow over the future of coal, oil, and natural gas, a new world energy economy is emerging. The old economy, fueled largely by coal and oil, is being replaced with one powered by solar and wind energy.
The document presents PACK, a novel end-to-end traffic redundancy elimination system designed for cloud computing customers. PACK aims to minimize processing costs for the cloud server by offloading traffic elimination efforts to end clients. It uses a receiver-based approach where the client analyzes incoming data streams, identifies redundant content, and sends predictions to the server. If a prediction matches, the server only needs to send an acknowledgment instead of the actual data, reducing bandwidth costs. The authors implemented and tested PACK, finding it can achieve up to 30% redundancy elimination with low server overhead, representing a cost savings of around 20% for cloud users.
Wind energy harnesses the power of wind using turbines, while coal energy burns pulverized coal in power plants. Wind turbines have little environmental impact and minimal hazards, but some oppose their appearance. Coal has significant negative environmental consequences such as air and water pollution. It also poses health and safety risks to miners and plant workers. While wind turbines have higher initial costs, coal energy has increasing mining expenses and wind power is becoming more affordable over time. Overall, the document concludes wind energy is cleaner, safer, and increasingly cost-competitive compared to coal.
This document provides an overview of various nonrenewable energy resources, including oil, natural gas, coal, and nuclear energy. It discusses where these resources come from, how they are extracted and processed, as well as some of the advantages and disadvantages of each resource. In particular, it notes that fossil fuels like oil, natural gas and coal account for about 80% of the energy generated in the US currently, but that they are nonrenewable and their combustion contributes to issues like global warming. Nuclear energy is presented as an alternative that does not emit greenhouse gases, but it produces radioactive waste that remains dangerous for thousands of years.
The document discusses energy from waste and waste-to-energy plants. It explains that waste contains biomass that can be burned to generate electricity or heat. Waste-to-energy plants reduce the amount of garbage in landfills and produce renewable energy. However, burning waste also releases pollutants and emissions must be properly controlled. The document also provides statistics on energy potential from urban waste and the capacity of existing waste-to-energy plants.
Wind turbines convert kinetic energy from wind into electrical energy through the rotation of blades connected to a shaft that spins a generator. The generator produces electricity that feeds into the utility grid. Wind power produces zero emissions and uses minimal water and land compared to other energy sources. While wind power has small environmental impacts, concerns include effects on wildlife from collisions with turbines and visual or noise pollution. The United States uses wind power because it is a clean, renewable, and cost-effective energy source that can supplement other forms of electricity production.
Environmental Impacts of Electricity ProductionDenise Wilson
A comprehensive overview of the many environmental impacts (on air, water, land, and ecosystems) of producing electricity from coal, natural gas, nuclear energy, water, wind, sun, and biomass.
The document discusses various sources of energy including fossil fuels, biofuels, hydro power, wind energy, solar energy, tidal energy, wave energy, and ocean thermal energy. It notes the advantages and disadvantages of each source, how the energy is captured or harnessed from each source, and potential environmental consequences of exploiting different energy sources.
Global Energy Consumption and alternative technologiesKnut Linke
Global energy consumption is increasing at 2.4% annually, straining resources and causing more pollution. Residential energy usage, especially for heating, cooling and hot water, accounts for a large portion of total usage. Alternative technologies like solar PV, solar thermal, and geothermal can help reduce energy consumption and shift to cleaner sources. These technologies are becoming more affordable with government incentives that cover 30% or more of installation costs, making them viable options for homeowners looking to save money and help the environment.
Conventional and Non conventional Energy sourcesHassan Sardar
Conventional energy resources like coal, oil, and natural gas are non-renewable sources that are being depleted. Non-conventional sources like solar, wind, and hydroelectric are renewable but less utilized currently. Pakistan's total installed electricity capacity is 23,928 MW as of 2015 with fossil fuels contributing 64.2%, hydro 29%, and nuclear 5.8%. However, the average demand is 17,000 MW so there is a shortfall of 5,000-6,000 MW due to aging infrastructure and increasing demand.
The document discusses the need for alternative energy sources due to the finite nature and environmental impact of fossil fuels. It notes that fossil fuels currently supply around 90% of the world's energy but have a limited lifespan of 40-50 years for oil. Burning fossil fuels also contributes to issues like global warming, acid rain and pollution. Alternative renewable sources like solar, wind and hydroelectric offer advantages as they are inexhaustible, clean and available worldwide at small scales. While nuclear power was once seen as an alternative, it produces dangerous radioactive waste and risks like Chernobyl undermine public confidence in it.
Energy conservation is important to reduce costs, promote economic security, and protect the environment for future generations as fossil fuels are non-renewable. While industrialized countries rely heavily on fossil fuels, transitioning to renewable sources like solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biomass is key. Individuals can conserve energy through everyday actions like using appliances efficiently, insulating homes, and choosing active transportation when possible. As fossil fuel reserves are depleted, a combined effort of alternative energy development and behavioral changes around energy use is needed.
Diploma. ii es unit 4 environment renewable and non renewable energy resourcesRai University
Renewable and non-renewable energy sources are discussed. Renewable sources include solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal and tidal power. Solar cells convert sunlight to electricity but have low efficiency. Wind turbines capture kinetic energy from wind to generate electricity. Hydroelectric dams produce large amounts of power but require specific locations. Fossil fuels like coal and oil are non-renewable and produce pollution when burned, though they currently provide most energy. Nuclear power is a non-renewable source that does not pollute when generating electricity but produces radioactive waste.
The document discusses various renewable energy technologies including wind power, hydropower, solar energy, geothermal energy, and bioenergy. It provides details on how each technology works, examples of implementation, and their contributions to energy production globally. Emerging technologies discussed include enhanced geothermal systems, marine energy, artificial photosynthesis, algae fuels, and solar aircraft. Overall the document serves as an introduction to mainstream and developing renewable energy sources.
The document discusses different types of energy sources, including renewable and non-renewable resources. It addresses issues like increasing energy usage due to population growth and economic development. Non-renewable fossil fuels are finite and cause pollution problems like acid rain and global warming. Solutions proposed include more efficient energy usage, renewable resources, and international agreements to reduce emissions.
Energy conservation is important for several reasons. Non-renewable energy sources like fossil fuels are limited, while demands keep increasing. Conserving energy helps save money and reduce pollution. Some ways to conserve energy include recycling, turning off electronic devices when not in use, replacing old light bulbs with energy efficient ones, and not keeping lights on unnecessarily at home or in public places. In India, a large portion of energy comes from non-renewable sources like coal and oil, and the country imports a significant amount of its total energy consumption. Increased energy conservation will help address issues from domestic coal shortages and rising energy import dependence.
Geothermal energy is primarily used in China, where 20% of the world's geothermal energy is utilized, and Portugal's Azores islands. In the Azores, geothermal energy is used to power 5 power plants and heat pans of food buried in the ground. Setting up a home or large power plant using geothermal energy has initial costs, but operating costs are lower than fossil fuels. Geothermal energy is a renewable and clean source that avoids pollution and depletion concerns of fossil fuels, though high initial drilling costs are a potential drawback for some. Geothermal plants work by pumping underground hot water or steam through turbines to generate electricity.
Energy Management in Agriculture is a course which explains how energy can be managed and conserved in order to use it efficiently without harming the environment in the context of Agriculture.
Non Conventional (Renewable) Energy Sources 01Abha Tripathi
The document discusses various non-conventional and renewable energy sources including wind energy, solar power, fuel cells, tidal power, geothermal power, biogas power, and magneto-hydrodynamic power. It provides information on how these sources work, examples of their applications, and considerations for their use.
Energy Conservation is become a necessity for the future of mankind. Energy resources are depleting on a large scale so renewable resources of energy like solar energy and wind energy are used to convert into the necessary forms of energy.
A Year 12 Environmental Science student from Hawkesdale P12 College created this presentation for VCE Environmental Science: Unit 3 school assessed coursework.
Summary Presentation for The Great Transition: Shifting from Fossil Fuels to ...Earth Policy Institute
The energy transition is here. As fossil fuel resources shrink, as air pollution worsens, and as concerns about climate instability cast a shadow over the future of coal, oil, and natural gas, a new world energy economy is emerging. The old economy, fueled largely by coal and oil, is being replaced with one powered by solar and wind energy.
The document presents PACK, a novel end-to-end traffic redundancy elimination system designed for cloud computing customers. PACK aims to minimize processing costs for the cloud server by offloading traffic elimination efforts to end clients. It uses a receiver-based approach where the client analyzes incoming data streams, identifies redundant content, and sends predictions to the server. If a prediction matches, the server only needs to send an acknowledgment instead of the actual data, reducing bandwidth costs. The authors implemented and tested PACK, finding it can achieve up to 30% redundancy elimination with low server overhead, representing a cost savings of around 20% for cloud users.
Five steps to a winning project team it-toolkitsIT-Toolkits.org
As healthcare executives work to increase efficiency and decrease costs in a dynamic healthcare environment, they often undertake projects such as technology implementation, operational and process improvements and facility planning. These projects typically require the formation of collaborative teams comprising hospital leadership and staff as well as project managers and support staff from vendors and outside consulting firms. Executives must be prepared to establish efficient project teams that focus on communication and collaboration to achieve success.
This document provides tips for creating effective PowerPoint slides by avoiding common pitfalls. It addresses how to structure slides with outlines and bullet points, use fonts and colors that are easy to read, include graphs and charts to visualize data, check for spelling and grammar errors, and conclude with a clear summary and invitation for questions. Key recommendations include using a large font size, limiting each slide to 4-5 main points in point form, employing high-contrast colors, including descriptive titles on all visuals, and proofreading for errors.
The document provides instructions for creating a custom banner or header for a Blackboard course page using free online banner maker websites. It lists 4 options for sites that allow you to choose colors, fonts, images and other design elements to create a personalized banner. The sites are mybannermaker.com, cooltext.com, flamingtext.com, and linuxenvy.com/bprentice/Banners/Banners.html. For each site, it provides a step-by-step process for designing the banner, downloading it as a graphic file like JPEG or GIF, and then uploading it to the Blackboard course page.
Presentation for the South Australian Science Teacher's Association conference at Brighton Secondary College on Monday 18th and Tuesday 19th April, 2016.
The document discusses the 5E instructional model for lesson planning. It includes 5 key steps: Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate, and Evaluate. In the Engage step, teachers spark student curiosity. In Explore, students investigate concepts collaboratively. In Explain, key understandings are communicated. In Elaborate, students apply their understanding creatively. Evaluation is woven throughout the process. The document provides examples of how technology tools can support lessons designed around this 5E approach.
Steam condensers condense exhaust steam from turbines or engines using cooling water. They increase efficiency by reducing steam pressure below atmospheric pressure. There are two main types - jet condensers where steam directly contacts cooling water, and surface condensers where steam condenses on the outer surface of tubes through which cooling water flows. Surface condensers produce higher vacuums and reuse condensate as boiler feedwater. Both require air pumps to remove non-condensable gases from the condenser to maintain vacuum, and circulating pumps to supply cooling water. Proper condenser operation recovers latent heat and increases power plant output and efficiency.
The document discusses renewable energy resources used in the UK and provides examples of how other countries utilize renewables. It finds that the largest contributors to UK electricity generation from renewables are onshore wind (28%), offshore wind (29%), and bioenergy (21%). Case studies show Iceland generates energy from geothermal and hydropower, Costa Rica uses hydropower providing 99% of its electricity, and Brazil produces bioethanol from sugarcane replacing 42% of its gasoline. Each country demonstrates the potential for transitioning to renewable resources but also faces their own challenges.
The document discusses various aspects of climate change mitigation. It describes strategies that could each prevent the emission of one billion tons of carbon dioxide per year by 2054, called "stabilization wedges." These include improving energy efficiency, expanding renewable energy like solar and wind power, increasing carbon capture and storage, and enhancing natural carbon sinks through activities like reforestation. The document emphasizes that a variety of approaches will be needed to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions over the coming decades in order to limit global temperature increases.
Environmental impacts of power generationSaurabhVaish7
The document discusses various power generation methods and their environmental impacts. It covers how electricity generation contributes significantly to carbon emissions and is expected to be responsible for 76% of total emissions by 2035. It then discusses some potential solutions like carbon capturing, more efficient water treatment facilities that can generate methane to power operations, and the environmental impacts of different generation sources like coal, natural gas, nuclear and renewables. Solar PV is highlighted as having zero emissions and air pollution during use but manufacturing does produce some emissions. The document concludes by introducing a new battery product called Aloe E-Cell that uses aloe vera instead of toxic chemicals.
Renewable Energy Resources KS4 (1).pptxabdul basit
The document discusses renewable energy sources used in the UK, including wind, solar, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biofuels. It provides data on the percentage contribution of each renewable source to UK electricity generation in 2017, led by wind at 28%. Case studies of Iceland, Costa Rica, and Brazil show high reliance on renewable energy sources due to natural conditions like strong winds, abundant rainfall and hydroelectric potential, and biofuel feedstock availability. Each country still faces challenges to further develop renewable energy.
The document discusses renewable energy sources used in the UK, including wind, solar, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biofuels. It provides data on each source's contribution to UK electricity generation in 2017, led by wind at 28% and bioenergy at 29%. Case studies of Iceland, Costa Rica, and Brazil show high reliance on renewable energy through geothermal and hydropower in Iceland, hydropower in Costa Rica, and biofuels from sugarcane in Brazil. Each country demonstrates the potential for transitioning to renewable sources but also faces its own environmental and economic challenges.
The document discusses renewable energy sources used in the UK, including wind, solar, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biofuels. It provides data on the percentage contribution of each renewable source to UK electricity generation in 2017, led by onshore wind at 28%. Examples are given of how different countries generate electricity from renewable resources, such as Iceland relying heavily on geothermal and hydropower, Costa Rica sourcing most of its electricity from hydropower, and Brazil being a major producer of biofuels from sugarcane. The importance of transitioning to renewable sources to reduce carbon emissions is also highlighted.
The document is a chapter outline from an environmental science textbook. It covers several topics related to the atmosphere including:
- The greenhouse effect and how increasing greenhouse gases are causing global climate change
- Evidence that the climate is changing, such as rising temperatures, melting ice, and more extreme weather
- International agreements like the Kyoto Protocol to reduce emissions and slow climate change
- Other topics like air pollution, stratospheric ozone depletion, and methods for controlling pollution
The chapter aims to explain these complex environmental issues and systems affecting the atmosphere.
The document discusses renewable energy and the need for its increased adoption. It notes that renewable energy sources like solar and wind do not emit greenhouse gases unlike fossil fuels. While renewable energy accounted for 9% of energy production in the US in 2020, increased adoption is needed to meet climate targets and reduce emissions. The document presents information on various renewable resources and discusses initiatives in Massachusetts to increase offshore wind and solar power capacity to transition away from fossil fuel dependence and meet its 2050 net zero goals. Case studies on private renewable energy companies developing wind, solar, and hydro projects in New England are also provided.
Planning and sustainable energy (February 2013)PAS_Team
This presentation will help you to understand the role of planning in adapting to and mitigating against the effects of climate change. It will help you understand some of the language and policy approaches to these issues.
The document discusses various renewable energy sources - wind, solar, geothermal, hydroelectric - and their environmental impacts compared to fossil fuels. It finds that while all energy sources have some environmental impact, renewable sources generally cause less harm than fossil fuels in areas like air and water pollution, public health impacts, wildlife effects, and greenhouse gas emissions. Specifically, the life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions are 0.02-0.04 pounds per kWh for wind, 0.07-0.18 pounds per kWh for solar PV, 0.1 pounds per kWh for geothermal, and 0.01-0.5 pounds per kWh for hydro, versus 0.6-3.6 pounds per k
Climate Change Mitigation & AdaptationLaurence Mills
Climate Change Plan
Renewable Technologies
Financial Assistance
Conservation & Efficiency
Mitigation with Technology
Global Climate Change
UK Energy Supply & Climate
Scotland\'s Projected Climate Changes
Climate Change Adaptation & Forward Planning
The document summarizes a plan to significantly increase solar and wind energy production in the United States to stabilize and reduce carbon dioxide emissions levels. It proposes achieving this through building large solar, wind and transmission infrastructure, incentivizing electric vehicles, and implementing smart grid technologies. The plan estimates it could stop the rise in CO2 emissions and potentially reduce them by 5% per year through adding over 2000 terawatt hours of solar and wind electricity annually by 2025 at an estimated total capital cost of $2.2 trillion.
This document discusses approaches to low emission and climate resilient development in the Middle East and North Africa region. It finds that the region is especially vulnerable to climate change due to water scarcity, agriculture dependence, and coastal population growth. Examples are given of how renewable energy and energy efficiency can both reduce emissions and increase resilience by improving water and energy security. Specifically, solar pumps in Jordan provide clean water while saving on fossil fuel costs, and energy efficient buildings in Morocco cut emissions and bills. The document argues for an integrated approach considering climate impacts across sectors and levels from national to local.
About FANR
• The Federal Authority for Nuclear Regulation (FANR) is
the regulatory body for the nuclear energy sector in the
UAE and is working to protect the UAE’s public, its
workers and the environment.
• FANR was established in September 2009 by Decree
Number 6, which was issued by the UAE President, His
Highness Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan.
• Driven by a Culture of Safety and a commitment to
excellence, FANR’s overriding mission is to protect the
public and the environment from the harmful effects of
ionizing radiation and to ensure the exclusively
peaceful use of nuclear energy in an integrated
manner with the concerned authorities and according
to international best practices.
The move to electrification and decarbonisation
• Across the globe, an energy transition is underway as we
move to electrify and decarbonise our economies and
societies.
• The need for electrification has been championed by
climate and energy experts for many years. According to
the World Economic Forum (WEF), electrification is critical
for decarbonization.
• Electrification means replacing technologies that run on
combustion with alternatives that are powered by
electricity. This includes everything from home heating
and cooling, to cars, trucks, planes and industrial
equipment.
• Today, electricity constitutes only 19% of final energy
consumption; however, considering its growth from 15%
in 2000, this figure is forecast to significantly increase. In
the US alone, the Electric Power Research Institute
predicts that electrification will reach 47 per cent by 2050.
The document discusses various renewable energy sources including solar, wind, biomass, and biofuels. It provides information on technologies such as solar photovoltaics and solar thermal, types of wind turbines, biomass heating systems, and combined heat and power systems. Case studies are presented on installations of solar PV, biomass CHP, and small residential wind turbines.
El 16 de marzo de 2016 visitó la Fundación Ramón Areces el físico Chris Llewellyn Smith, ex director del CERN, profesor de la Universidad de Oxford y presidente del Consejo de SESAME. Tituló su conferencia: '¿Serán las necesidades energéticas del futuro compatibles con la sostenibilidad?'. Esta actividad formó parte del ciclo organizado por la Fundación Ramón Areces en colaboración con la Real Sociedad Española de Física.
This project enumerates ways to mitigate climate change through eight strategies. Each strategy, called as 'wedge', when implemented could reduce carbon emission by 1b ton by 2055. This project prioritizes these strategies based on cost of implementation and public opinion. Ranks are assigned from 1 to 8, with 1 for highly feasible [low cost and less criticism] and 8 for hardly feasible.
As seen from the presentation, adopting to biofuels is found to be least feasible (rank-8), followed by fuel switching for electricity (rank-7). In contrast, improving transport efficiency is found to be highly feasible (rank-1), followed by efficiency in electricity production (rank-2). Justifications (qualitative and quantitative) are provided for the ranking of each strategy.
In the concluding slides, stakeholder perspectives are provided for automobile industry and industrial/developing nations. The climate wedges concept was developed by Princeton University, Ford and BP to find solutions to greenhouse gas problem (see references).
Reference:
- Carbon Mitigation Initiative http://cmi.princeton.edu/wedges/
- Stabilization Wedges Game https://cmi.princeton.edu/wedges/pdfs/teachers_guide.pdf
This work is done as a part of graduate course titled Global Air Pollutants in Spring 2016. The author was pursuing MS in Environmental Engineering Sciences at University of Florida during the making of this project.
Similar to Gas versus Wind as an Energy Source - Carl (20)
This document outlines the five steps to conducting a risk assessment: 1) identify hazards, 2) decide who may be harmed and how, 3) assess the risks and take action, 4) make a record of findings, and 5) review the risk assessment. It then provides tables to guide rating the likelihood, consequences, control effectiveness, and trend of identified risks. Risks should be documented along with the responsible person, likelihood and consequence scores, current control measures, and effectiveness of controls.
This document provides information about assessment tasks for core and elective units including literacy, numeracy, food safety, and using social media. It then discusses elements of art such as line, value, shape, texture, form, space, and color. Finally, it provides guidance on creating a picture story book including starting with a concept, brainstorming ideas, and providing examples of picture book ideas and styles including simple sketches, collage, using real materials, and telling a narrative about changes to the landscape.
The document provides information about assessments and tasks for Hamilton VCAL students in 2020. It includes details about literacy, numeracy, and other units to be completed, as well as instructions for two tasks involving producing digital documents and an event poster using various software programs. The document also provides information about stress, including what it is, signs of too much stress, how the body responds to stress, and tips for dealing with and managing stress.
The document provides information about Hamilton VCAL 2020 including core subjects, CODE elective subjects, and details of the BSBITU211 - Produce digital text documents unit. It discusses preparing, producing, and finalizing digital text documents and includes descriptions of digital text documents, ergonomics, organizational requirements, word processing applications, and identifying document purpose and audience.
This document provides information about personal development skills (PDS) units 1 & 2. It discusses the five "You Can Do It!" attributes of organization, confidence, persistence, resilience, and teamwork. For each attribute, it provides a definition and tips for improvement. It also includes questions for discussion around personal skills, leadership, problem solving, and maintaining a positive mindset during difficult times.
This document discusses enterprise and employability skills developed through a VCAL course. It lists 11 skills - including problem solving, critical thinking, creativity, communication, and teamwork - and provides brief descriptions for each. Students are asked to reflect on how they demonstrated each skill during a recent project, how effective they were, and how they can improve for next time. The skills are transferable and make students more job ready.
This document discusses how animal teams demonstrate effective teamwork and what human teams can learn from them. It provides examples of emperor penguins sharing duties to keep eggs warm and rotating positions to avoid extreme cold, geese flying together to reduce wind resistance and support tired birds, and wolves having distinct roles like leaders, hunters, and caretakers within loyal, cooperative packs. The document suggests human teams can improve by demonstrating trust, mutual respect, equal communication like these animal examples.
This document provides information about 5 assessment tasks for a Numeracy Unit. The tasks cover numeracy skills, financial literacy, planning and organizing, measurement and design, and a portfolio. It also includes information and examples about calculating perimeter and area, measures of central tendency, and range and quartiles.
This document provides strategies for teachers to engage VCAL learners and recommendations for digital tools that can be used. It suggests mixing up learning opportunities by using various media like photos, diagrams, videos and music. Teachers should get to know how each student learns best and provide choices. The document also recommends telling stories and involving multiple senses to create memorable learning experiences. It promotes giving students opportunities to create products and develop skills like literacy, numeracy, critical thinking and collaboration. The document lists several free digital tools for creating websites, sharing presentations, making mind maps and word clouds.
The document discusses strategies for learning online in 2020 for the Hamilton VCAL program. It emphasizes that students are not alone and there is support available. It introduces the Hamilton VCAL blog that will be used to post daily tasks, resources, and links to virtual class meetings. The blog allows students to share projects and has pages for different subjects to facilitate online learning.
STEM in the Middle Years provides a summary of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math) and describes various hands-on activities that can encourage STEM learning for middle years students. It defines STEM as more than just content areas, but a transdisciplinary approach focusing on skills like collaboration, critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving. A variety of low-cost activities are presented, such as building structures from cards or straws, designing containers to keep ice cubes frozen, and programming robots. The goal is for students to engage in the engineering design process of asking, imagining, planning, creating, evaluating, and improving.
Presentation for the South Australian Science Teacher's Association conference at Brighton Secondary College on Monday 18th and Tuesday 19th April, 2016.
Presentation for the South Australian Science Teacher's Association conference at Brighton Secondary College on Monday 18th and Tuesday 19th April, 2016.
Australia was first inhabited 40,000-60,000 years ago and has a population of 26 million across seven states and two territories. It has a diverse climate from tropical north to temperate south. While Australia is significantly larger in size at 7.69 million square kilometers with a population density of 2.8 people per square kilometer, the Aland Islands have a much higher density of 18.14 people per square kilometer due to its much smaller size of 1,580 square kilometers and population of 28,600. The document also provides details about the native animals of Australia and threats to its biodiversity such as climate change, habitat destruction, and introduced species.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
1. Unit 3 Environmental Science:
School Assessed Coursework for Area of Study 1
SAC 1B: A report in poster or multimedia format
Carl Hansen
2. Extraction, transport and uses
Extraction
• Natural gas is extracted from underground rock by drilling a well, and is captured by
sending a pressurized liquid fracking solution down the well, which makes the gas rise
to the top for capture.
• Wind is used to turn blades which turn a motor, and the kinetic energy is converted into
electrical energy, with around 40% efficiency.
Transport
• Gas is transported via pipelines
• Wind energy is transported as electrical energy through power lines
Uses
• Gas can be burned to produce heat which is then converted to electrical energy, which
is around 30% efficient. It can also be directly burned for heating and cooking, which is
approximately 90% efficiency.
• Electricity produced from wind can be used for anything.
3. Land Modification
• The Macarthur wind farm is the biggest in the Southern
Hemisphere, containing 140 3mw turbines (enough energy to
power 220,000 households), and taking up 5500 hectares.
Land was not modified apart form roads to access the
turbines, as the cleared farmland was already suitable for
turbines to be placed in. Cattle and sheep can still graze
around the turbines.
• The 550 MW gas-fired open cycle power station at Mortlake,
is the largest in Victoria. It was completed in 2012, and
involves a 83km underground gas pipeline to connect to the
Otway gas plant at Port Campbell. This required significant
land modification to install. The area around the gas plant is
restricted access.
4. Influence on the enhanced
greenhouse effect
• Natural gas accounts for around 20% of the worlds
energy use, but it’s effect on the greenhouse effect is
around 50% less than brown coal. However, it is still
a fossil fuel and does produce carbon emissions,
which contribute to the enhanced greenhouse effect
• Wind energy has no influence on the enhanced
greenhouse effect, as it does not produce any
greenhouse gases.
5. Social Impacts
• The Macathur Wind Farm provides more fulltime
jobs (20 compared to 8), which is important in a
country community.
• The Mortlake Gas station will have a larger
impact on society in the future because of the
greenhouse gases it produces, that continually
make the enhanced greenhouse effect worse. The
Macathur wind farm won’t affect future
generations because it produces clean, emission-
free energy.
6. Economic Impacts
• As natural gas and other
fossil fuels become scarcer,
they will in turn become
more expensive. This will
mean that wind power and
other renewable sources
become more popular.
• Australia has around 1% of
the worlds natural gas
reserves, which means it is
may have to import gas in
the future, or look to
renewable energy sources.
Locations of Australia’s Natural Gas reserves.
7. Environmental Impacts
• While the Macarthur wind farm takes up 5
times more space than the Mortlake gas plant
(500ha Vs. 100ha), it has less impact on the
environment because it produces clean wind
energy that has no influence on the enhanced
greenhouse effect, where's the gas plant
releases greenhouse gases.
8. Natural Gas vs. Wind (table)
Scenario Natural Gas Wind Wind
Option No replace With Replace
New plant type being
assesed
Natural Gas Wind Wind
Levelized cost
(S/MWh)
$70 $375 $250
TWh (total) 19.2 7.2 19.2
Total Cost $1.9 billion $2.7 billion $4.8 billion
CO2 emissions rate
(tonnes/MWh)
0.5
CO2 emissions saving
rate (tonnes/MWh)
0.6 0.1
0.3
0.1
0.3
40 year emissions
saving (megatonnes)
11.5 0.7
2.2
1.9
5.8
Cost Of emissions
saving ($/tonne)
$120 $3900
$1100
$2500
$830
9. International level
International Panel on Climate Change
The IPCC (International Panel on Climate Change) is made up of scientists who
review research and provide Governments with information on climate change so
they can make sensible choices. Many countries, such as China, USA, Korea, Japan
and Singapore, are already acting to reduce their carbon emissions by having
carbon-reduction and climate change policies in place.
Kyoto Protocol
The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty that sets legal obligations for
industrialized countries to reduce emissions of greenhouse gas. Countries must
reduce their greenhouse gas emissions by 5% compared to 1990 figures by 2010,
and by 18% compared to ’90 figures by 2020. This has become an effective
method so far, but more countries (Australia included) need to join the protocol to
make a bigger difference in greenhouse gas emissions.,
10. National level
CSIRO & BOM
• The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research
Organisation (CSIRO) and Bureau Of Meteorology (BOM) are
Australia’s leading bodies on climate change research.
• They collaborate their research and findings each year to
create “State of the Climate” – a summary of observations on
Australia’s climate and the factors the influence it.
• CSIRO’s useful website
http://www.climatechangeinaustralia.com.au/index.php is
constantly updated with observed changes, future impacts
and likely causes of climate change.
11. State level
EPA
• Victoria’s Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) is a
government organisation that works to protect Victoria’s
environment.
• Their work includes monitoring the environment and current
issues. They also have community work such as a litter,
pollution, smoky vehicle and illegal rubbish dumping
reporting hotline.
12. Local level
Community Climate Change Project
• CCCP works with communities to ensure they are prepared for the affects
of climate changes such as fires and floods. They also aim to help
communities adapt to sustainable principles, such as solar power.
Recycling Scheme
• Australia has a national television and computer recycling scheme, where
people can go to a local drop off point to get their goods recycled. With
over 400 in Melbourne alone, it is a simple yet effective way to reduce
CO2 emissions by recycling.
Carbon Offset Program
• The carbon offset standard was introduced in 2010. It provides guidance
on carbon offsets (reducing & avoiding carbon emissions, or planting trees
to absorb the carbon), and sets minimum requirements for calculating,
auditing and offsetting the carbon footprint of an organisation.