GAS SEPARATION, ITS TYPES & MECHANISM.pptx
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Gas Separation Mechanisms of Gas Separation Membrane Separation Types of Membranes Types of Membrane Separation Mechanism of Membrane Separation Technology Science
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This document discusses gas permeation and liquid permeation. It defines permeation as the penetration of a permeate such as liquid, gas, or vapor through a solid material. Gas permeation uses a non-porous membrane to separate a gaseous feed stream into permeate and non-permeate streams based on differences in permeation rates. Liquid permeation occurs when a volatile liquid mixture is applied to one side of a non-porous membrane and the other side contains liquid, with permeation dependent on molecular size and polarity of the liquid. Common applications include hydrogen separation and removal of carbon dioxide or organic solvents from air.
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The document discusses leaching during phase inversion membrane formation and the solution-diffusion model of permeation in polymer membranes. During phase inversion, a fraction of the polymer material leaches out into the solvent, resulting in different membrane morphologies. The solution-diffusion model describes permeation as a three step process where materials dissolve in the membrane, diffuse through it down a concentration gradient, then desorb on the other side. Diffusion through the polymer is the slowest and rate-limiting step.
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carbon molecular sieve nitrogen generation - molecularsievedesiccants.com
In the Process of generating Nitrogen, Carbon Molecular Sieve (CMS) plays a very vital role. With the help of CMS only Nitrogen is produced. CMS takes up the oxygen, carbon dioxide and other impurities and release the pure nitrogen.
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This document discusses membrane separation processes. It defines membranes as thin layers that selectively control the transport of materials between phases. There are two main types of membranes: permeable and semipermeable. Membrane processes are classified based on the size of materials separated and the driving force used. Examples given include reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration in the dairy industry. Key concepts covered include transmembrane pressure, recovery percentage, molecular weight cutoff, and solute rejection coefficient. Advantages of membrane separation include energy savings, low temperature operation, and recovery of both concentrate and permeate.
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This document provides an overview of mass transfer concepts and processes. It begins with definitions of mass transfer and examples of mass transfer in nature. It then discusses various separation processes that rely on mass transfer principles, including distillation, gas absorption, drying, and crystallization. Key mass transfer topics covered include molecular diffusion, interphase mass transfer, mass transfer coefficients, and gas-liquid contacting equipment like tray towers and packed towers.
carbon molecular sieve nitrogen generation - molecularsievedesiccants.com
In the Process of generating Nitrogen, Carbon Molecular Sieve (CMS) plays a very vital role. With the help of CMS only Nitrogen is produced. CMS takes up the oxygen, carbon dioxide and other impurities and release the pure nitrogen.
PSA is one of the unique processes in which gases are separated with the help of pressure swing technology is called PSA. In this process when the bed is in desorption mode with the help of release pressure it is been regenerated and then to swing to adsorption mode.
Membrane separation
This document discusses membrane separation processes. It defines membranes as thin layers that selectively control the transport of materials between phases. There are two main types of membranes: permeable and semipermeable. Membrane processes are classified based on the size of materials separated and the driving force used. Examples given include reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration in the dairy industry. Key concepts covered include transmembrane pressure, recovery percentage, molecular weight cutoff, and solute rejection coefficient. Advantages of membrane separation include energy savings, low temperature operation, and recovery of both concentrate and permeate.
Hybrid system
Distillation is the most important separation technology in the chemical process industry. More than 90% of separations are based on distillation.
Hybrid systems offer an interesting alternative in some difficult separations for distillation with either large number of theoretical trays; large heat loads or both.
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This document discusses air sampling methods and gas chromatography. It begins by describing various air sampling techniques for particulate and gaseous pollutants, including filtration, impingement, precipitation, absorption, adsorption and condensation. It then discusses gas chromatography, explaining the basic components and process. Key aspects covered are the carrier gas, column, stationary phase, detectors and how gas chromatography can be used to qualitatively analyze samples based on retention times and peak detection.
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#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
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Gas chromatography is an analytical technique used to separate and analyze volatile compounds. It works by distributing the sample between a stationary phase and a mobile gas phase. Key components of a gas chromatography system include the carrier gas, injector, column, and detector. The column allows separation of compounds based on differences in partitioning between the stationary and mobile phases. Detectors then provide a quantitative measurement of separated components. Common applications of gas chromatography include analysis of pharmaceuticals, foods, flavors, fragrances, and petrochemicals.
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The document discusses various methods for controlling gaseous contaminants, including absorption, adsorption, condensation, and incineration. Absorption involves dissolving a gas in a liquid, such as water, through solubility and mass transfer. Adsorption accumulates molecules on surfaces through physical or chemical attraction. Condensation occurs when a gas changes to a liquid due to cooling and condensation nuclei. Incineration uses combustion and high temperatures to convert waste into ash, flue gas, and heat.
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BRAIN TUMOR DETECTION for seminar ppt.pdf
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Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAM
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
Try at [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
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Discover the latest insights on Data Driven Maintenance with our comprehensive webinar presentation. Learn about traditional maintenance challenges, the right approach to utilizing data, and the benefits of adopting a Data Driven Maintenance strategy. Explore real-world examples, industry best practices, and innovative solutions like FMECA and the D3M model. This presentation, led by expert Jules Oudmans, is essential for asset owners looking to optimize their maintenance processes and leverage digital technologies for improved efficiency and performance. Download now to stay ahead in the evolving maintenance landscape.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
22CYT12-Unit-V-E Waste and its Management.ppt
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
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GAS SEPARATION, ITS TYPES & MECHANISM.pptx
- 1. SUBMITTED BY HAMYAL AWAIS MPHIL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCME, NUST
- 3. INTRODUCTION Gas separation refers to the process of isolating or extracting specific gases from a mixture using various methods and technologies. Gas separation is crucial across industries for purifying gases, enhancing air quality, and refining products. Membranes play a pivotal role by selectively allowing specific gases to pass through while retaining others.
- 4. TECHNIQUES FOR GAS SEPARATION Membrane Separation • Utilizes membranes with specific pore sizes or materials that allow selective passage of gases based on their molecular size, shape, or affinity for the membrane material Adsorption • Involves the adherence of gases onto surfaces or adsorbents, where certain gases are preferentially retained while others pass through Absorption • Relies on the solubility of gases in liquids or solid absorbents, where specific gases dissolve more readily than others, allowing their separation Pressure Swing Adsorption • Cycles between high and low pressures to adsorb and desorb gases onto adsorbents, allowing selective separation Cryogenic Distillation • Uses low temperatures to condense gases into liquids, separating different components based on their boiling points
- 6. Save Large Amount Of Energy Long Life Membrane Defect Free More Contact More Easily Operated, Controlled And Maintained WHY MEMBRANE SEPARATION ?
- 9. MECHANISMS OF MEMBRANE SEPARATION MECHANISMS IN POROUS MEMBRANES MECHANISMS IN DENSE POLYMER MEMBRANES
- 10. MECHANISMS IN POROUS MEMBRANES MACROPOROUS MEMBRANES ConvectiveFlowMechanism • Larger pores allow gases to pass without selective separation • Limited efficiency for gas separation due to pore size
- 11. MESOPOROUS MEMBRANES Molecular DiffusionandKnudsenMechanism • Predominant molecular diffusion due to interactions with pore walls • Knudsen mechanism governs gas transport MECHANISMS IN POROUS MEMBRANES
- 12. MOLECULAR SIEVING SelectiveSeparationMechanisms • Extremely small pores (<2nm) enable molecular-size-based separation • Complex transport mechanisms involving adsorption and diffusion MECHANISMS IN POROUS MEMBRANES
- 13. MECHANISMS IN DENSE POLYMER MEMBRANES Solution-DiffusionMechanism Permeation Overview • Gas absorption, diffusion through the polymer matrix, and desorption • Dependent on chemical structure and nature of the gas
- 14. PERMEABILITY COEFFICIENT (P) • Represents the flux of a specific gas through the membrane • Formula: P = Q⋅δ / A⋅Δp, where Q is the gas permeation rate, δ is membrane thickness, A is membrane surface area, and Δp is the pressure difference SELECTIVITY (α) • Ratio of permeability coefficients of different gases • Formula: α = Pi / Pj for single gas permeation RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN P, D, AND S • P = D × S defines the relationship between permeability, diffusivity, and solubility coefficients • Diffusivity reflects molecule mobility; solubility increases with molecular weight KEY PARAMETERS AFFECTING MEMBRANE PERFORMANCE
- 15. SORPTION MECHANISMS IN RUBBERY MEMBRANES Henry’s LawandSolution-Diffusion • Describes sorption of low molecular weight gases in rubbery polymers. • Solution-diffusion mechanism akin to penetrant sorption in low molecular weight liquids. Temperature-DependentSorptionBehavior • Describes the behavior of rubbery membranes at varying temperatures and gas concentrations. SORPTION PROCESSES IN GLASSY MEMBRANES Dual-ModeModelandLangmuir Adsorption • Differentiates between gas molecules absorbed in the polymer matrix and those adsorbed in microscopic voids. • Dual sorption components influence overall sorption behavior. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN RUBBERY AND GLASSY MEMBRANES
- 17. THANK YOU