The technology supporting the analysis of human motion has advanced dramatically. Past decades of locomotion research have provided us with significant knowledge about the accuracy of tests performed, the understanding of the process of human locomotion, and how clinical testing can be used to evaluate medical disorders and affect their treatment. Gait analysis is now recognized as clinically useful and financially reimbursable for some medical conditions. Yet, the routine clinical use of gait analysis has seen very limited growth. The issue of its clinical value is related to many factors, including the applicability of existing technology to addressing clinical problems; the limited use of such tests to address a wide variety of medical disorders; the manner in which gait laboratories are organized, tests are performed, and reports generated; and the clinical understanding and expectations of laboratory results. Clinical use is most hampered by the length of time and costs required for performing a study and interpreting it. A “gait” report is lengthy, its data are not well understood, and it includes a clinical interpretation, all of which do not occur with other clinical tests. Current biotechnology research is seeking to address these problems by creating techniques to capture data rapidly, accurately, and efficiently, and to interpret such data by an assortment of modeling, statistical, wave interpretation, and artificial intelligence methodologies. The success of such efforts rests on both our technical abilities and communication between engineers and clinicians.

1. AAQIB MANZOOR BHAT
CSE 3819
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCEINCE AND ENGINEERING
SSM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

2. CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 PROCESS
 TECHNIQUES
 GAIT CYCLE
 FACTORS AFFECTING GAIT
 APPLICATIONS OF GAIT TECHNOLOGY
 CONCLUSION
 FUTURE SCOPE

3. INTRODUCTION :
 Gait is the medical term to describe human
locomotion or the way that we walk. Thus,
it is a locomotion achieved through the
movement of limbs.
 Different gait patterns are characterized by
differences in limb movement patterns.
Thus, every individual has a unique gait
pattern, while there are some features in a
person’s gait that are common for
everyone.

4. PROCESS
A typical gait analysis laboratory has several cameras
(video and / or infrared) placed around a walkway or a
treadmill, which are linked to a computer. The person
has markers located at various points of reference of
the body (e.g., iliac spines of the pelvis, ankle
malleolus, and the condyles of the knee), or groups of
markers applied to half of the body segments. The
person walks down the catwalk or the treadmill and the
computer calculates the trajectory of each marker in
three dimensions.

5. TECHNIQUES
•TEMPORAL
•KINEMATICS
•KINETICS
•DYNAMIC ELECTROMYOGRAPHY
•MPCA

6. GAIT CYCLE :
 Gait cycle is used to describe the complex activity of walking,
by describing the motions from the period of time from one
heel strike on the ground to the next strike of the same heel,
on the ground for a second time.

7. PHASES OF GAIT
CYCLE

8. STANCE PHASE
 STANCE : Defined as the interval in
which the foot is on the ground .
 It begins at the instant, that one
extremity contacts the ground &
continuous only as long as some portion
of the foot is in contact with the ground.
 It is approx 60% of normal gait duration

9. SUBDIVISION OF STANCE
PHASE :
 Heel strike (Initial Contact)
 Foot flat (Loading Response)
 Mid-stance (Mid Stance)
 Heel off (Terminal Stance)
 Toe off (Pre Swing)

11. SWING PHASE
 SWING : Defined as the interval in
which the foot is not in contact with the
ground .
 It begins as soon as the toe of one
extremity leaves the ground & ceases
just before heel strike or contact of the
same extremity.
 It makes up 40% of normal gait cycle

12. SUBDIVISION OF SWING PHASE:
 1) Acceleration (Initial Swing)
 2) Mid-swing
 3) Deceleration (Terminal Swing)

14. REPRESENTATION OF
COMPLETE
GAIT CYCLE

15. FACTORS AFFECTING
GAIT
 Age
 Gender
 Height
 Size & shape of bony components
 Muscle strength
 Carrying bulky items
 Physical injury

16. Applications of Gait
Technology:
 SECURITY
 MEDICAL
 SPORTS

17. SECURITY

18. MEDICAL

19. SPORTS
.

20. CONCLUSION:
Biometrics points are useful for making
identifications with camera systems, but
they depend on the existence of a
previously generated database so that
gait patterns can be compared.

21. FUTURE SCOPE

22. THANK YOU!