More Related Content
What's hot
What's hot (20)
Similar to Fundamentals of Nursing lecture.pptx
Similar to Fundamentals of Nursing lecture.pptx (20)
More from JifamyFundalFaeldin
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
Fundamentals of Nursing lecture.pptx
- 2. Suchman’s Five Stages of Illness •Symptom experience •Assumption of the sick role •Medical care contact •Dependent client role •Recovery or rehabilitation
- 3. Body defenses - These are the methods used by the body to protect itself from invasion of disease producing substance. • Primary • Secondary • Tertiary
- 4. Tissue and wound healing • Affected by person’s general condition- age, nutritional status, blood supply to the area, extent of injury. Type of wound healing Type of wound How does it heal First Intention Minimal tissue damage Simple incision Without infection No separation of wound Results in minimal scar Second Intention Decubitus ulcer Wound edges do not join Spaces in between wound edges is filled with granulation tissue Third intention Dehiscence suture Results in scar and possible contraction of surrounding tissue.
- 7. •Florence Nightingale •Virginia Henderson- first modern nurse to define nursing •ANA
- 9. Vital Signs 1. Temperature • Core • Surface *Factors that affects body heat production: a. B b. I c. T d. C e. H Mechanism of HEAT LOSS
- 10. Factors Affecting Body temperature •S •H •A •D •E •E
- 11. Types of Fever •1. intermittent •2. Remittent •3. Relapsing •4. Constant
- 12. •Decline of Fever 1. Crisis/ Flush/ Defervescent- excessive sweating and hot flushed skin due to sudden vasodilation. 2. Resolution of pyrexia by lysis- gradual return of body temperature
- 13. Nursing Intervention for Clients with FEVER 1. Monitor V/S especially temperature 2. Monitor WBC, Hct 3. Remove warm extra blanket when warm, provide when client have chills 4. Well balanced diet, increase fluid 5. MIO 6. IVF 7. Rest 8. Oral Hygiene 9. Cool circulating air 10. TSB 11. Antipyretics
- 14. Methods of Temperature taking •Oral •Rectal •Axillary
- 15. 2. Pulse Apical Peripheral Pulses: Temporal femoral carotid popliteal brachial post. tibial radial dorsalis pedis ulnar
- 17. •3. Blood Pressure= SV X PR Physiology of ARTERIAL BLOOD PRESSURE a. Pumping action of the heart b. Peripheral Vascular Resistance c. Blood volume d. Blood Viscosity
- 18. 4. Respiration • Newborn- 30-80 • 12 months- 20-40 • 2 years- 20-30 • 8 years- 15-25 • 16 years- 15-20 • Adult- 12- 20
- 19. PE
- 22. Characteristics Normal Abnormality Color Infant: Yellow Adult: brown White/ clay Black or tarry Red Pale with fat Translucent mucus Bloody mucus Odor Pungent Noxious change Consistency Soft, formed Hard liquid Frequency Infant: 4-6x daily Adult: daily or 2-3 times a week Infants: >6x/ day or less than once every 1-2 days Adult: >3x/day or less than once a week Amount 150 g per day Shape Resembles the diameter of the rectum Constituents Undigested food, dead bacteria, fat, bile pigment, cells lining intestinal mucosa and water. Blood, pus, foreign bodies, mucus, worms and excess fats
- 23. inspect • Color • Symmetry • lesions
- 24. Oxygenation •Assessment •color, •level of consciousness, •vital signs, •presence of cough, • nature of sputum and •energy level
- 25. •General Measures •Encourage exercise and activity. •Bedridden patients must be turned and positioned every 2 hours. •Encourage coughing and deep breathing at least every 2 hours for inactive and bedridden patients •Ensure adequate fluid intake
- 26. •The use of NEBULIZER •Methods of delivering medication directly to the respiratory tract. •Nebulizer breaks liquid into a mist of droplets which are inhaled.
- 27. •Incentive Spirometer •With the lips sealed around the mouthpiece, the patient takes a deep breath, holds, for 3 seconds and slowly exhales. •The spirometer indicates with a light or small plastic balls reaching an indicated level whether the patient has inhaled the desired volume.
- 29. Philippine Nursing Act of 2002 •BON- power to create •PNA- coordinate •Basis: code of governance
- 30. Article 1: Preamble •Health is the fundamental right -Must be preserved at all cost a. Promotion of heath b. Prevention of Illness c. Alleviation of suffering d. Restoration of health
- 31. Article 2: Nurses and People •Confidentiality •Autonomy •Respect •Safety
- 32. Article 3: Nurses and Practice •Aspect of care a.Moral b.Legal c. Professional Dimension
- 33. Article 4: Nurses and Co- worker •Establishment of linkages Article 5: Nurses, Society and Environment •Maintain peaceful environment
- 34. Article 6: Profession •Member of APO •Involved in voluntary education •Maintain Loyalty to the profession
- 35. Article 7: Administrative penalties • Effective July 14, 2002
Editor's Notes
- Physical experience, cognitive, emotional Accept sick role, seek confirmation Validation of real illness Becomes dependent to healthcare Resume former roles.
- skin, cilia, mucous membrane, tears, reflexes. Infla- inc. BF- leukocyte move to the area- phagocytosis- pus(from dead pathogen and tissue) healing Immune response- antigen, antibody. Autoimmunity- antibodies are produced against the body, rf, ra
- True prevention, precede the disease, physically and emotionally healthy.. Exercise, smoking cessation, lifestyle changes. Early diagnosis- for at risk of developing complication and worsening condition. Screening, casefinding. Minimizing the effect, irreversible disease or disability.- treatment, rehabilitation.
- Utilization of environment Independence a. Goal oriented, Adaptable, Direct to the needs of individual, family and community. b. 1980: diagnosis and treatment of human responses to actual or potential problems. c. 1995: protection, promotion, optimization of health services and abilities. prevention of illness and injury alleviation of suffering advocacy
- Trust building Assess Management of emotion Environmental orientation Teach- Learn- Change Referral and Reintegration Evaluation of independence Synthesis of Learning Termination of relationship
- *BMR Increase Temperature Thyroxine output Catecholamines Heart and Muscle activity Conduction Convection Radiation evaporation
- Stress Hormones Age Diurnal Variation Exercise Environment
- Discuss pulse generation. Cardiac output= SV X HR Factors: Age, sex, Fever, exercise, athlete, medication, hemorrhage, stress, Use when radial pulse is not accessible Physiological shock and cardiac arrest and circulation to the brain Bp measurement and circulation of lower arm Readily accessible Allen’s test Physiological shock and circulation of the leg Circulation of leg -9. circulation of the foot.
- 30-40 mmHg- smooth and rounded contours Pressure is decrease the pulse feel weak and small- decrease stroke volume, as in heart failure, hypovolemia Strong and bounding rapid rise and fall, peak is brief- d/t increase stroke vol. decrease PR, fever, anemia hyper, AV fistula Increase in pulse with double systolic peak- ar, Regular, alternATAING sof and weak beat Normal beat with premature contraction Decrease altitude on inspiration
- Hypertensive crises- emergency, urgency Orthostatic hypertension
- Rate Eupnea Bradypnea Tachypnea Apnea Volume Hyperventilation- rapid, deep Hypoventilation- shallow rhythm Cheyne- stoke- deep with period of apnea Kussmaul- rapid, deep, labored breathing Biots Stridor Wheeze Crackles Pleural friction rub
- Position, expose, confidentiality, comparison Light, deep 1-3 inches perpendicular Direct, indirect- plexor and pleximeter Ausculatation bell- low pitch bp s3, s4
- Bronchial- trachea- high pitch low intensity Bronchoves- sternum and scapula- mod all Vesicular soft intensity, low pitch
- Cyanosis- bluish- dec 02- lips, nail bed, skin Pallor- whitish dec. o2, face, conjunctiva, lips, nail beds, palms, sole Jaundice bilirubin dark skinned hard palate Primary lesion Macule- patch- less than and greater than 1 cm, flat Papule- plaque greater than 1 cm Nodule tumor Wheal- collection of edematous fluid Vesicle bullae
- to help expand lungs, providing better oxygenation. to prevent pooling of secretion in the lungs to help with oxygenation and bringing up secretions. to keep secretions thin and thus esier to expectorate
- Recipent Nternal and external Level of wellness Nursing care
- Dean julieta sotejo- 1st to create in 1981