Freemasonry is a fraternal organization that arose in the late 16th century. It now has around 6 million members worldwide organized into independent Grand Lodges with their own jurisdictions. Freemasonry originated from stonemason guilds and has symbolic rituals and secret signs of recognition. It requires a belief in a supreme being and good moral character from its members.
It is the world’s largest (6 million members) and oldest (3,000 years old) fraternal organization. Freemasons believe in the Fatherhood of God and the Brotherhood of man.
The notion that there is a small
group of individuals who either
=>Currently control the flow of world events
OR
=>Are in the process of gaining control of world events
Most people are familiar with the "Shriners" and their funny tall maroon hats with long tassels. Some have seen them in clown outfits in parades, driving around in miniature cars (go-carts) in precision formation. Perhaps you heard of the Shriners Hospitals. But who really are the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine? What do they do besides the aforementioned? Why do they meet in "temples?" What goes on behind the closed doors of these Shriner temples? These are just a few questions that will be answered during this presentation. Additionally, you will learn:
•What it takes to become a Shriner
•Details contained in their secret ritual and initiation process
•The difference between A.A.O.N.M.S. and A.E.A.O.N.M.S.
It is the world’s largest (6 million members) and oldest (3,000 years old) fraternal organization. Freemasons believe in the Fatherhood of God and the Brotherhood of man.
The notion that there is a small
group of individuals who either
=>Currently control the flow of world events
OR
=>Are in the process of gaining control of world events
Most people are familiar with the "Shriners" and their funny tall maroon hats with long tassels. Some have seen them in clown outfits in parades, driving around in miniature cars (go-carts) in precision formation. Perhaps you heard of the Shriners Hospitals. But who really are the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine? What do they do besides the aforementioned? Why do they meet in "temples?" What goes on behind the closed doors of these Shriner temples? These are just a few questions that will be answered during this presentation. Additionally, you will learn:
•What it takes to become a Shriner
•Details contained in their secret ritual and initiation process
•The difference between A.A.O.N.M.S. and A.E.A.O.N.M.S.
Chapter 2For thousands of seekers and adventurers, America in EstelaJeffery653
Chapter 2
For thousands of seekers and adventurers, America in the seventeenth century was a vast unknown land of new beginnings and new opportunities. The English settlers who poured into coastal America and the Caribbean islands found not a “virgin land” of uninhabited wilderness but a developed region populated by Native Americans. As was true in New Spain and New France, European diseases such as smallpox overwhelmed the Indians and wiped out whole societies. William Bradford of the Plymouth colony in Massachusetts reported that the Indians “fell sick of the smallpox, and died most miserably... like rotten sheep.”
Native Americans dealt with Europeans in different ways. Many resisted, others retreated, and still others developed thriving trade relationships with the newcomers. In some areas, land-hungry colonists quickly displaced or decimated the Indians. In others, Indians found ways to live in cooperation with English settlers—if they were willing to adopt the English way of life.
After creating the Virginia, Maryland, and New England colonies, the English would go on to conquer Dutch-controlled New Netherland, settle Carolina, and eventually establish the rest of the thirteen original American mainland colonies. The diverse English colonies had one thing in common: To one extent or another, they all took part in the enslavement of other peoples, either Native Americans or Africans or both. Slavery, common throughout the world in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, enriched a few, corrupted many, and compromised the American dream of equal opportunity for all.
The English Background
Over the centuries, the island nation of England had developed political practices and governing principles similar to those on the continent of Europe—but with key differences. European societies were tightly controlled hierarchies. From birth, people learned their place in the social order. Commoners bowed to priests, priests bowed to bishops, peasants pledged their loyalty to landowners, and nobles knelt before the monarchs, who claimed God had given them absolute power to rule over their domain.
Since the thirteenth century, however, English monarchs had shared power with the nobility and with a lesser aristocracy, the gentry. England’s tradition of parliamentary monarchy began with the Magna Carta (Great Charter) of 1215, a statement of fundamental rights and liberties that nobles forced the king to approve. The Magna Carta established that England would be a nation ruled by laws. Everyone was equal before the law, and no one was above it.
The people’s representatives formed the national legislature known as Parliament, which comprised the hereditary and appointed members of the House of Lords and the elected members of the House of Commons. The most important power allocated to Parliament was the authority to impose taxes. By controlling tax revenue, the legislature exercised leverage over the monarchy.
Religious Conflict and War
When ...
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History - 201
11/1/2016
AMERICAN REVOLUTION ESSAY
How the enlightenment, the great awakening and the country ideology influenced the colonists in the years leading up to the revolution.
There are many ideologies that influenced the revolution such as in enlightenment, the country ideology and the great awakening. These ideas had different contribution in making sure that the revolution happened and in a successful way. The effects of the Awakening was indeed a rebellion against the different authoritarian religious rule that managed to spill to the other areas of the colonial life.
Among the growing population of the different colonies in the 18th century and also the public gathering, different charismatic individuals such as the Edmund Burke, and Locke gave a lot of information and delivered numerous messages about their beliefs and ideas. Through the different religious movement, the awakening had some repercussion on the political and cultural spheres too (The University Chicago 4).
All the governing norms of the life in the different colonies were replaced with the quarrelsome age. There were a lot of practice and mind sets changing by the awakening like never experienced before. Prior to the revolution, there were many cases of Anti-Catholicism which was very dominant in the colonies just prior to the revolution.
The attitude was indeed very significant in the way of life of the New England life. It not only existed in the churches, but was also seen in the newspapers, schools and the taverns. When the popish threat was subsided with the subsequent passing of the Indian and the French war, the colonialists looked for a new Antichrist where they are likely to direct their specific attention.
The core ideals of the enlightenment such as the justice, equality and liberty led to the creation of the conditions for the American Revolution and the followed the constitution. Most of the ideals ideas and the concepts such as the natural rights and the freedom from oppression and finally the innovative ways of thinking in regard to the structure of the government were borrowed from the enlightenment philosophers.
The ideas from the movement that helped in inspiring colonialists to oppose the British policies such as the stamp act and also the break with the Great Britain in the year 1776.
The other ideas that inspired the colonialists included the currency act of the 1764 that prohibited all the colonies from making of the paper money. The parliament had decided that all the British colonies were to use the same currency so that the debt would be equal, and that no any particular colony will be able to pay their debt with the currency that had deflated (The University Chicago 10).
The colonies were annoyed with the move due to the fact that they had been engaged in the printing and coining of their own currency from the beginning. They were also happy with the fact that they had an exchange rate ...
The Old Regime, also called the "Ancien Régime" was the political, social and economic system that was found in many parts of Europe yp to the end of the 18th century.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdf
Freemasonry
1. Freemasonry is a fraternal organization that
arose from obscure origins in the late 16th to early 17th
century. Freemasonry now exists in various forms all
over the world, with a membership estimated at
around six million, including approximately 150,000
under the jurisdictions of the Grand Lodge of Scotland
and Grand Lodge of Ireland, over a quarter of a million
under the jurisdiction of the United Grand Lodge of
England and just under two million in the United
States.
2. Fraternity
The fraternity is administratively organized into
independent Grand Lodges or sometimes
Orients, each of which governs its own
jurisdiction, which consists of subordinate (or
constituent) Lodges.
3. The Grand Lodges
The various Grand Lodges recognize each other, or
not, based upon adherence to landmarks (a Grand
Lodge will usually deem other Grand Lodges who
share common landmarks to be regular, and those that
do not to be "irregular" or "clandestine").
4. The Grand Lodges
There are also bodies, which are organizations related
to the main branch of Freemasonry, but with their own
independent administration.
5. The Origin of Freemasonry
The origins and early development of Freemasonry are a
matter of some debate and conjecture. A poem known as
the "Regius Manuscript" has been dated to approximately
1390 and is the oldest known Masonic text. There is
evidence to suggest that there were Masonic lodges in
existence in Scotland as early as the late 16th century (for
example the Lodge at Kilwinning, Scotland, has records
that date to the late 16th century, and is mentioned in the
Second Schaw Statutes (1599) which specified that "ye
warden of ye lug of Kilwynning tak tryall of ye airt of
memorie and science yrof, of everie fellowe of craft and
everie prenteiss according to ayr of yr vocations"). There are
clear references to the existence of lodges in England by
the mid-17th century.
6. The Origins of Freemasonry
In most Latin countries, the GODF-style of
European Continental Freemasonry
predominates, although in most of these Latin
countries there are also Grand Lodges that are
in regular amity with the UGLE and the
worldwide community of Grand Lodges that
share regular "fraternal relations" with the
UGLE. The rest of the world, accounting for
the bulk of Freemasonry, tends to follow more
closely to the UGLE style, although minor
variations exist.
7. The Oldest Jurisdiction in Europe
The oldest jurisdiction on the continent of
Europe, the Grand Orient de France (GODF), was
founded in 1733. However, most English-speaking
jurisdictions cut formal relations with the GODF
around 1877, when (following the Lausanne
Congress of 1875) the GODF removed the
requirement that its members have a belief in a
Deity. The Grande Loge Nationale Française
(GLNF) is currently the only French Grand Lodge
that is in regular amity with the UGLE and its
many concordant jurisdictions worldwide.
8. TheTwo Loge Branches
Due to the above history, Freemasonry is often
said to consist of two branches not in mutual
regular amity:
The UGLE and concordant tradition of
jurisdictions (mostly termed Grand Lodges) in
amity.
The GODF, European Continental, tradition of
jurisdictions (often termed Grand Orients) in
amity.
9. The Grand Lodge in England
The first Grand Lodge, the Grand
Lodge of England (GLE), was founded
on 24 June 1717, when four existing
London Lodges met for a joint dinner.
This rapidly expanded into a regulatory
body, which most English Lodges
joined.
10. The Origin of American Lodge
The Grand Lodge of Ireland and The Grand
Lodge of Scotland were formed in 1725 and 1736
respectively. Freemasonry was exported to the
British Colonies in North America by the
1730s – with both the "Antients" and the
"Moderns" (as well as the Grand Lodges of
Ireland and Scotland) chartering offspring, or
"daughter," Lodges, and organizing various
Provincial Grand Lodges.
11. The Grand Lodge In USA
After the American Revolution, independent U.S.
Grand Lodges formed themselves within each
state. Some thought was briefly given to
organizing an over-arching "Grand Lodge of the
United States," with George Washington (who was
a member of a Virginian lodge) as the first Grand
Master, but the idea was short-lived. The various
state Grand Lodges did not wish to diminish their
own authority by agreeing to such a body. It was
also said The President Obama to be a Mason.
13. THE LANDMARKS OF FREEMASONRY
http://www.masonicworld.com/education/files/25%2
0landmarks2.htm
http://jabron.net/lmarks.htm
RITUALS AND SYMBOLS
http://www.freedomofconsciencelodge.org.uk/Lecture
s/FOC%20Rituals%20and%20Symbols.pdf
14. Signs, grips and words
Freemasons use signs
(gestures), grips or tokens
(handshakes) and words to
gain admission to
meetings and identify
legitimate visitors.
15. General Requirements
Generally , to be accepted for initiation as a
regular
Freemason, a candidate must:
Be a man who comes of his own free will.
Believe in a Supreme Being (the form of which is
left to open interpretation by the candidate).
16. General Requirements
Be at least the minimum age (from 18–25 years old
depending on the jurisdiction. In some
jurisdictions the son of a Mason, known as a
"Lewis," may join at an earlier age than others).
Be of good morals, and of good reputation.
Be of sound mind and body (lodges had in the
past denied membership to a man because of a
physical disability; however, now, if a potential
candidate says a disability will not cause
problems, it will not be held against him).
17. General Requirements
Be free-born (or "born free", i.e., not born a slave or
bondsman).
Be capable of furnishing character references, as well
as one or two references from current
Masons, depending on jurisdiction.
Some Grand Lodges in the United States have an
additional residence requirement, candidates being
expected to have lived within the jurisdiction for a
certain period of time, typically six months.
Having been elected and initiated, a member may
subsequently resign from membership if he so
desires. Additionally, the fraternity may either
suspend or expel a member for cause.