The document discusses the formation of elements during stellar formation and evolution. According to the Big Bang theory, the early universe contained only light elements like hydrogen, helium, and lithium. During stellar nucleosynthesis in the centers of stars, nuclear fusion reactions produced heavier elements up to iron. Later stellar evolution and supernova explosions produced even heavier elements. Nuclear reactions and radioactive decay were later used in laboratories to synthesize new elements and fill in gaps in the periodic table.
The document discusses the paradox of modern life, noting that while technology and material goods have advanced, things like relationships, health, and wisdom seem to be declining. It argues that people today live faster paced lives with more distractions and less focus on quality time and inner reflection. The fast pace of modern life may be driving shallowness in how people connect and prioritize things in their daily lives.
Newton’s laws of motion are part of physics which is a branch of science that we often ignore in our everyday lives. These laws deal with how objects move when force is applied to them. Newton’s laws of motion have been considered in the manufacture of cars and their safety.
Forces can be pushes or pulls and are measured in Newtons. A net force is the combination of all forces acting on an object. An unbalanced net force will cause a change in an object's motion, while a balanced net force will not. Friction and air resistance are types of forces that oppose motion. Gravity is an attractive force between objects that depends on their masses and distance between them. Newton's second law relates force, mass, and acceleration.
Wave equation (speed, wavelength & frequencyABRILYN BULAWIN
This document provides information about wave equations and wave properties. It defines key wave terms like amplitude, wavelength, frequency, period, and speed. It presents the wave equation relating these properties (speed = wavelength x frequency). Examples demonstrate using the wave equation to calculate speed, wavelength, or frequency given values for the other two properties. Sample problems are worked through applying the wave equation to different wave scenarios.
The document discusses a lesson on forces for students. It aims to have students define force, describe motion as being caused by a push or pull, and determine how forces affect motion. The lesson includes activities where students act out forces, move an object with forces, and stop, accelerate or change the direction of an object's motion. It also defines different types of contact forces like applied force, friction, normal force, and tension.
This document introduces potential energy as energy that an object has due to its position or arrangement. Potential energy is stored energy or stored work that can be calculated using the formula PE = mgh, where m is mass, g is acceleration due to gravity, and h is height. The document explains that potential energy is sometimes not directly converted to kinetic energy but instead stored, and provides steps for calculating potential energy by setting a reference point where potential energy is equal to zero and determining the negative work done by conservative forces.
Forces can cause changes in an object's motion or form. A contact force requires direct contact between objects, like frictional or muscular forces, while a non-contact force acts over a distance without touching, such as gravitational, magnetic, or nuclear forces. Forces are interactions that can change the motion of an object when unopposed.
The document discusses the formation of elements during stellar formation and evolution. According to the Big Bang theory, the early universe contained only light elements like hydrogen, helium, and lithium. During stellar nucleosynthesis in the centers of stars, nuclear fusion reactions produced heavier elements up to iron. Later stellar evolution and supernova explosions produced even heavier elements. Nuclear reactions and radioactive decay were later used in laboratories to synthesize new elements and fill in gaps in the periodic table.
The document discusses the paradox of modern life, noting that while technology and material goods have advanced, things like relationships, health, and wisdom seem to be declining. It argues that people today live faster paced lives with more distractions and less focus on quality time and inner reflection. The fast pace of modern life may be driving shallowness in how people connect and prioritize things in their daily lives.
Newton’s laws of motion are part of physics which is a branch of science that we often ignore in our everyday lives. These laws deal with how objects move when force is applied to them. Newton’s laws of motion have been considered in the manufacture of cars and their safety.
Forces can be pushes or pulls and are measured in Newtons. A net force is the combination of all forces acting on an object. An unbalanced net force will cause a change in an object's motion, while a balanced net force will not. Friction and air resistance are types of forces that oppose motion. Gravity is an attractive force between objects that depends on their masses and distance between them. Newton's second law relates force, mass, and acceleration.
Wave equation (speed, wavelength & frequencyABRILYN BULAWIN
This document provides information about wave equations and wave properties. It defines key wave terms like amplitude, wavelength, frequency, period, and speed. It presents the wave equation relating these properties (speed = wavelength x frequency). Examples demonstrate using the wave equation to calculate speed, wavelength, or frequency given values for the other two properties. Sample problems are worked through applying the wave equation to different wave scenarios.
The document discusses a lesson on forces for students. It aims to have students define force, describe motion as being caused by a push or pull, and determine how forces affect motion. The lesson includes activities where students act out forces, move an object with forces, and stop, accelerate or change the direction of an object's motion. It also defines different types of contact forces like applied force, friction, normal force, and tension.
This document introduces potential energy as energy that an object has due to its position or arrangement. Potential energy is stored energy or stored work that can be calculated using the formula PE = mgh, where m is mass, g is acceleration due to gravity, and h is height. The document explains that potential energy is sometimes not directly converted to kinetic energy but instead stored, and provides steps for calculating potential energy by setting a reference point where potential energy is equal to zero and determining the negative work done by conservative forces.
Forces can cause changes in an object's motion or form. A contact force requires direct contact between objects, like frictional or muscular forces, while a non-contact force acts over a distance without touching, such as gravitational, magnetic, or nuclear forces. Forces are interactions that can change the motion of an object when unopposed.
This document discusses impulse and how it relates to changes in an object's momentum. It defines impulse as being equal to the force applied to an object multiplied by the time interval over which the force acts. It also states that impulse is equal to the change in an object's momentum. The document provides examples of how changing the time over which a force acts can affect the force and an object's momentum. It discusses cases where increasing, decreasing, or maintaining an object's momentum and relates this to impulse.
The document summarizes key concepts about forces and motion from a grade 8 science textbook. It discusses Aristotle's early theories of motion, which proposed that objects naturally move in circles and at constant speeds. It then covers Galileo and Newton's discoveries that disproved Aristotle, including that all objects accelerate at the same rate when falling and that forces cause accelerations described by Newton's Three Laws of Motion. The document also explains the difference between mass and weight, and how to calculate weight on different planets using gravitational acceleration.
Work involves transferring energy by applying a force that causes an object to move in the direction of the force. For work to be done, both a force and movement are required. The amount of work done can be calculated using the formula Work = Force x Distance, where force is measured in Newtons and distance in meters, with the unit of work being the Joule. When work is done, energy is transferred from the object applying the force to the object being moved.
Objects in motion - 01 Distance and displacementIan Anderson
This document defines and distinguishes between distance, displacement, and position-time graphs. It explains that distance is a scalar quantity that measures how far an object travels, while displacement is a vector quantity that measures the net change in position including direction. Position-time graphs can be used to determine an object's displacement and speed over time by plotting its position. The document provides examples comparing distance and displacement using a treasure hunt scenario and position-time graphs. Definitions and examples are included to illustrate these core physics concepts.
The document discusses Newton's laws of motion through examples and activities. It begins by introducing inertia and having students relate experiences of sudden stops or starts in vehicles. Several activities are described to illustrate inertia, such as placing a coin on paper and removing the paper quickly. The document then summarizes Newton's three laws of motion, defines key terms like force, mass, and acceleration, and provides examples of how the laws apply in various situations like throwing a ball or stubbing a toe.
The document discusses Newton's Second Law of Motion, which states that the acceleration of an object depends on the net force acting on it and its mass. It can be expressed by the equation Force = mass x acceleration (F=ma). The document provides examples of using the equation to calculate force, mass, or acceleration when two of the three values are known.
Newton's second law of motion states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it, and inversely proportional to its mass. The net force on an object can be calculated using the formula F=ma, where F is the net force, m is the mass of the object, and a is the acceleration. Examples are provided to demonstrate how Newton's second law can be used to calculate the force or acceleration when one variable is known.
Earthquakes occur along fault lines where the earth's crust has cracked, forming weak spots. There are two main types of earthquakes - tectonic earthquakes caused by movement of tectonic plates, and volcanic earthquakes caused by volcanic activity. Faults are classified based on the movement under the crust, such as dip-slip, strike-slip, and oblique-slip faults. Active faults are those likely to produce future earthquakes, as movement has occurred within the past 10,000 years, such as the Philippine West Valley Fault Line and Philippine Fault.
Unit I: Force, Motion and Energy
Module 2 – Work and Energy
· Definition and Calculation of Work
· Kinetic Energy
· Potential Energy
· Work, Energy and Power Relations
Learning Competencies:
-explain how typhoons develop;
- infer why the Philippines is prone to typhoons;
-explain how landmasses and bodies of water affect typhoons;
Here are the key points about electric fields based on the document:
- An electric field (E) represents the influence of an electric charge. It has magnitude and direction at each point in space.
- The direction of electric field lines indicates the direction of the electric force on a positive test charge placed at that point.
- The density of electric field lines indicates the strength of the electric field - more closely spaced lines means a stronger field.
- Electric field lines outside a conductor must be perpendicular to the conductor's surface because charges within a conductor redistribute such that the net electric field inside a conductor is always zero due to electrostatic equilibrium.
This document describes a series of experiments connecting ammeters and voltmeters in circuits with one or two dry cells. It asks questions about the readings on the ammeters and voltmeters in each case and what can be inferred about the current and voltage in the circuits.
White light is a mixture of many colors. When white light passes through a prism, it disperses and separates into the visible color spectrum of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet (ROYGBIV). The arrangement of colors from red to violet is due to the different wavelengths of the color light waves, with violet having the highest frequency and energy and red having the lowest frequency and energy.
1) Mechanical energy (KE + PE) is conserved when no nonconservative forces are present. It is the sum of an object's kinetic energy and potential energy.
2) The work-energy theorem states that the net work done on an object equals its change in mechanical energy. If no net work is done, the total mechanical energy remains constant.
3) Air resistance is an example of a nonconservative force that does work and causes a change in an object's total mechanical energy. Conservation of mechanical energy cannot be used when nonconservative forces are present.
Dispersion of light results in a spectrum of visible light colors from red to violet (ROYGBIV). The document discusses how dispersion occurs when white light passes through water droplets, forming a rainbow. It also explains that higher frequency light waves have shorter wavelengths and greater intensity, bending more when dispersed, while lower frequency red light bends the least. The electromagnetic spectrum encompasses waves of different frequencies beyond the visible spectrum.
A force is any influence that causes an object to change its movement, direction, or shape. Forces can make an object begin moving, change speed or direction of motion, or cause a flexible object to deform. There are two main types of forces: contact forces, which act between objects in direct contact, and non-contact forces, which act over a distance. Contact forces include normal forces, friction, and tension. Non-contact forces include gravitational, electric, and magnetic forces. Newton's laws of motion describe how forces cause motion or changes in motion.
1. The document discusses work, energy, and their relationship. It defines work as being done when a force causes an object to move in the direction of the force, displacing it.
2. Potential energy is defined as the energy an object gains when lifted against the force of gravity. It depends on the object's mass and height and is calculated as PE=mgh.
3. Kinetic energy is the energy of a moving object and depends on its mass and velocity, calculated as KE=1/2mv^2. The document provides examples of calculating work, potential energy, and kinetic energy.
This document discusses subatomic particles, isotopes, and ions. It defines atoms as the smallest unit of matter that retains chemical properties. Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus, while electrons orbit the nucleus. The number of protons determines the element, while the number of neutrons defines the isotope. Ions are formed when atoms gain or lose electrons, becoming positively or negatively charged. Practice problems are provided to calculate subatomic particle numbers for elements, isotopes, and ions.
Free fall is the downward motion of objects under the influence of gravity alone. All objects in free fall accelerate at the same rate of 9.8 m/s2 regardless of mass. Experiments show that free-falling objects do not encounter air resistance and accelerate constantly at 9.8 m/s2. Applications of free fall include skydiving and parachuting.
In this lesson, students will learn how gravity & friction can take affect on the simple things we do everyday of our lives. Learn the 3 main types of friction, & air resistance, plus a few examples. Finally, learn about terminal velocity & get a basic introduction to magnetic & electric forces with a slight distinction for buoyancy & density.
The document discusses Newton's laws of motion, including the definition of force, units of measurement for force, types of forces like friction and gravity, and Newton's three laws of motion - the law of inertia, the law of acceleration (F=ma), and the law of interaction (action-reaction forces). It provides examples and explanations of these fundamental physics concepts relating to force and motion.
This document discusses impulse and how it relates to changes in an object's momentum. It defines impulse as being equal to the force applied to an object multiplied by the time interval over which the force acts. It also states that impulse is equal to the change in an object's momentum. The document provides examples of how changing the time over which a force acts can affect the force and an object's momentum. It discusses cases where increasing, decreasing, or maintaining an object's momentum and relates this to impulse.
The document summarizes key concepts about forces and motion from a grade 8 science textbook. It discusses Aristotle's early theories of motion, which proposed that objects naturally move in circles and at constant speeds. It then covers Galileo and Newton's discoveries that disproved Aristotle, including that all objects accelerate at the same rate when falling and that forces cause accelerations described by Newton's Three Laws of Motion. The document also explains the difference between mass and weight, and how to calculate weight on different planets using gravitational acceleration.
Work involves transferring energy by applying a force that causes an object to move in the direction of the force. For work to be done, both a force and movement are required. The amount of work done can be calculated using the formula Work = Force x Distance, where force is measured in Newtons and distance in meters, with the unit of work being the Joule. When work is done, energy is transferred from the object applying the force to the object being moved.
Objects in motion - 01 Distance and displacementIan Anderson
This document defines and distinguishes between distance, displacement, and position-time graphs. It explains that distance is a scalar quantity that measures how far an object travels, while displacement is a vector quantity that measures the net change in position including direction. Position-time graphs can be used to determine an object's displacement and speed over time by plotting its position. The document provides examples comparing distance and displacement using a treasure hunt scenario and position-time graphs. Definitions and examples are included to illustrate these core physics concepts.
The document discusses Newton's laws of motion through examples and activities. It begins by introducing inertia and having students relate experiences of sudden stops or starts in vehicles. Several activities are described to illustrate inertia, such as placing a coin on paper and removing the paper quickly. The document then summarizes Newton's three laws of motion, defines key terms like force, mass, and acceleration, and provides examples of how the laws apply in various situations like throwing a ball or stubbing a toe.
The document discusses Newton's Second Law of Motion, which states that the acceleration of an object depends on the net force acting on it and its mass. It can be expressed by the equation Force = mass x acceleration (F=ma). The document provides examples of using the equation to calculate force, mass, or acceleration when two of the three values are known.
Newton's second law of motion states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it, and inversely proportional to its mass. The net force on an object can be calculated using the formula F=ma, where F is the net force, m is the mass of the object, and a is the acceleration. Examples are provided to demonstrate how Newton's second law can be used to calculate the force or acceleration when one variable is known.
Earthquakes occur along fault lines where the earth's crust has cracked, forming weak spots. There are two main types of earthquakes - tectonic earthquakes caused by movement of tectonic plates, and volcanic earthquakes caused by volcanic activity. Faults are classified based on the movement under the crust, such as dip-slip, strike-slip, and oblique-slip faults. Active faults are those likely to produce future earthquakes, as movement has occurred within the past 10,000 years, such as the Philippine West Valley Fault Line and Philippine Fault.
Unit I: Force, Motion and Energy
Module 2 – Work and Energy
· Definition and Calculation of Work
· Kinetic Energy
· Potential Energy
· Work, Energy and Power Relations
Learning Competencies:
-explain how typhoons develop;
- infer why the Philippines is prone to typhoons;
-explain how landmasses and bodies of water affect typhoons;
Here are the key points about electric fields based on the document:
- An electric field (E) represents the influence of an electric charge. It has magnitude and direction at each point in space.
- The direction of electric field lines indicates the direction of the electric force on a positive test charge placed at that point.
- The density of electric field lines indicates the strength of the electric field - more closely spaced lines means a stronger field.
- Electric field lines outside a conductor must be perpendicular to the conductor's surface because charges within a conductor redistribute such that the net electric field inside a conductor is always zero due to electrostatic equilibrium.
This document describes a series of experiments connecting ammeters and voltmeters in circuits with one or two dry cells. It asks questions about the readings on the ammeters and voltmeters in each case and what can be inferred about the current and voltage in the circuits.
White light is a mixture of many colors. When white light passes through a prism, it disperses and separates into the visible color spectrum of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet (ROYGBIV). The arrangement of colors from red to violet is due to the different wavelengths of the color light waves, with violet having the highest frequency and energy and red having the lowest frequency and energy.
1) Mechanical energy (KE + PE) is conserved when no nonconservative forces are present. It is the sum of an object's kinetic energy and potential energy.
2) The work-energy theorem states that the net work done on an object equals its change in mechanical energy. If no net work is done, the total mechanical energy remains constant.
3) Air resistance is an example of a nonconservative force that does work and causes a change in an object's total mechanical energy. Conservation of mechanical energy cannot be used when nonconservative forces are present.
Dispersion of light results in a spectrum of visible light colors from red to violet (ROYGBIV). The document discusses how dispersion occurs when white light passes through water droplets, forming a rainbow. It also explains that higher frequency light waves have shorter wavelengths and greater intensity, bending more when dispersed, while lower frequency red light bends the least. The electromagnetic spectrum encompasses waves of different frequencies beyond the visible spectrum.
A force is any influence that causes an object to change its movement, direction, or shape. Forces can make an object begin moving, change speed or direction of motion, or cause a flexible object to deform. There are two main types of forces: contact forces, which act between objects in direct contact, and non-contact forces, which act over a distance. Contact forces include normal forces, friction, and tension. Non-contact forces include gravitational, electric, and magnetic forces. Newton's laws of motion describe how forces cause motion or changes in motion.
1. The document discusses work, energy, and their relationship. It defines work as being done when a force causes an object to move in the direction of the force, displacing it.
2. Potential energy is defined as the energy an object gains when lifted against the force of gravity. It depends on the object's mass and height and is calculated as PE=mgh.
3. Kinetic energy is the energy of a moving object and depends on its mass and velocity, calculated as KE=1/2mv^2. The document provides examples of calculating work, potential energy, and kinetic energy.
This document discusses subatomic particles, isotopes, and ions. It defines atoms as the smallest unit of matter that retains chemical properties. Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus, while electrons orbit the nucleus. The number of protons determines the element, while the number of neutrons defines the isotope. Ions are formed when atoms gain or lose electrons, becoming positively or negatively charged. Practice problems are provided to calculate subatomic particle numbers for elements, isotopes, and ions.
Free fall is the downward motion of objects under the influence of gravity alone. All objects in free fall accelerate at the same rate of 9.8 m/s2 regardless of mass. Experiments show that free-falling objects do not encounter air resistance and accelerate constantly at 9.8 m/s2. Applications of free fall include skydiving and parachuting.
In this lesson, students will learn how gravity & friction can take affect on the simple things we do everyday of our lives. Learn the 3 main types of friction, & air resistance, plus a few examples. Finally, learn about terminal velocity & get a basic introduction to magnetic & electric forces with a slight distinction for buoyancy & density.
The document discusses Newton's laws of motion, including the definition of force, units of measurement for force, types of forces like friction and gravity, and Newton's three laws of motion - the law of inertia, the law of acceleration (F=ma), and the law of interaction (action-reaction forces). It provides examples and explanations of these fundamental physics concepts relating to force and motion.
Forces can move objects, change their direction of motion, change their shape, or stop them. There are different types of forces including magnetic force, gravitational force, and frictional force. Magnetic force pulls iron objects towards magnets. Gravitational force is caused by the Earth's pull and causes all objects to fall. Frictional force opposes motion between surfaces and can slow or stop moving objects.
Forces can cause objects to move, change speed or direction, turn, bend or twist. Forces can be contact forces that act through direct physical contact, like pushing or pulling, or non-contact forces that act over a distance, like magnetism or gravity. Balanced forces cause no change in motion, while unbalanced forces cause acceleration or changes in speed or direction. Newton's three laws of motion describe how forces affect the motion of objects.
This document summarizes a student experiment to simulate gravity on a spacecraft. The experiment involved spinning glass tubes with attached masses to measure the time taken to make 10 revolutions. Heavier masses took less time to complete 10 revolutions than lighter masses. The results supported the theory that centrifugal force from spinning a spacecraft can generate artificial gravity for astronauts by pushing them towards the outer hull. The document also explained how circular motion and centripetal acceleration relate to creating gravity in space.
Objects in motion will remain in motion and objects at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force. Things stop moving due to forces like friction and gravity. Newton's laws state that (1) objects resist changes in motion, (2) force equals mass times acceleration, and (3) for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
The document discusses concepts related to motion and forces. It begins by defining motion as an object's change in position relative to a reference point. Speed is defined as the distance traveled divided by time, while velocity must include a reference direction. Forces are described as pushes or pulls that can change an object's motion. Friction and gravity are identified as important forces that oppose motion and attract objects with mass, respectively. Newton's law of universal gravitation explains the relationships between gravitational force, mass, and distance.
The document discusses different types of forces including gravity, magnetism, and friction. It explains that gravity causes a pull between objects that increases with mass. Friction causes motion to slow down or stop. Balanced forces are equal in size but opposite in direction, while unbalanced forces cause a change in motion. Speed is the distance traveled over time, and velocity includes both speed and direction of motion. Acceleration is an increase, decrease, or change in direction of velocity. Momentum depends on both the mass and speed of an object, making more massive or faster-moving objects harder to stop.
The document discusses Isaac Newton's discovery of gravity and the laws of motion through observing apples falling from trees. It then explains what gravity is and how it causes objects to accelerate at 9.81 m/s^2 when falling toward Earth. The document asks if a falling object's speed increases over time, which it confirms by noting catching a rock from higher would hurt more. It defines acceleration and uses an example to demonstrate calculating it. Finally, it discusses projectile motion and how gravity and air resistance affect a projectile's trajectory.
PRINCIPLES & LAWS OF MOTION with its types & examplesAneriPatwari
This presentation will throw light on types of motion
This will help in gaining knowledge about causes & principles of motion.
This will improve awareness of laws of motion.
This will give knowledge about newtons laws of motion .
Newton has 3 laws: Inertia, F=ma, Action & Reaction
This PPT have the examples of newtons law of motion
This will aware you about kinds of motion & its experienced by body.
This will inform you about the centripetal & centrifugal forces.
This will bring knowledge about difference between centripetal & centrifugal forces with its examples.
1) Forces are pushes or pulls that can cause an object at rest to move or change direction, and are represented by arrows.
2) Balanced forces do not change an object's motion, while unbalanced forces cause a net force and change in motion.
3) There are four types of friction: static, sliding, rolling, and fluid, each opposing different types of motion between objects or objects in motion.
1) Forces are pushes or pulls that can cause an object at rest to move or change direction, and are represented by arrows.
2) Balanced forces do not change an object's motion, while unbalanced forces cause a net force and change in motion.
3) There are four types of friction: static, sliding, rolling, and fluid, each opposing different types of motion between objects or objects in motion.
- Dynamics studies the causes of motion rather than just describing motion like kinematics. There are four fundamental forces - gravitation, electromagnetism, weak nuclear force, and strong nuclear force. Forces can be applied, thrust, weight, normal, elastic, tension, friction, air resistance, electric, or magnetic.
- Newton's three laws of motion are: 1) An object at rest stays at rest or an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. 2) The acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, inversely proportional to the mass of the object. 3)
- Gravitation is a phenomenon where objects are attracted toward Earth.
- Sir Isaac Newton first proposed the idea of universal gravitation after observing an apple fall from a tree.
- Gravitation is important because it causes planets to orbit the sun, tides, and binds objects to Earth.
- The motion of the moon around Earth is due to the centripetal force of Earth's gravitational attraction.
- While objects attract Earth due to gravitation, we don't see movement because Earth's mass is much greater.
- An object in free fall is only influenced by gravitational force toward Earth.
The document discusses the different types of forces that affect an object's motion. It explains that a worker on a roof does not slide off because the balanced forces of static friction and the worker's weight prevent any movement. It defines four types of friction - static, sliding, rolling, and fluid - and describes how each type opposes different kinds of motion between objects. It also discusses how unbalanced forces cause a net force that changes an object's motion, while balanced forces do not affect motion.
Sir Isaac Newton discovered the three laws of motion in the late 1600s. Newton's First Law states that an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. Newton's Second Law states that the force on an object equals its mass times its acceleration. Newton's Third Law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
The document describes key concepts in physics including energy, force, motion, waves, electricity, and magnetism. Some key points covered include:
- Identifying energy transformations and transfers of heat energy through conduction, convection, and radiation.
- Describing and calculating concepts like velocity, acceleration, Newton's laws of motion, and mechanical advantage of simple machines.
- Investigating light and sound phenomena, static electricity, and the relationship between voltage, current and resistance in electric circuits.
- Relating electricity and magnetism and their common applications.
An orbit is the curved path an object takes around another object due to the balance between the pull of gravity and its inertia or forward motion. For an object in low Earth orbit, its forward motion of 5 miles per second exactly cancels out the downward pull of 32 feet per second due to gravity, allowing it to fall around the curved surface of the Earth. To achieve a higher or lower orbit, one needs to increase or decrease the object's inertia by firing rockets to change its speed. Sending objects straight up requires constant thrust to overcome gravity, while orbits use less fuel by using gravity to provide the curved trajectory.
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...Leonel Morgado
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths ForwardLeonel Morgado
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...University of Maribor
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intelligent Systems.
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
ESPP presentation to EU Waste Water Network, 4th June 2024 “EU policies driving nutrient removal and recycling
and the revised UWWTD (Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive)”
Unlocking the mysteries of reproduction: Exploring fecundity and gonadosomati...AbdullaAlAsif1
The pygmy halfbeak Dermogenys colletei, is known for its viviparous nature, this presents an intriguing case of relatively low fecundity, raising questions about potential compensatory reproductive strategies employed by this species. Our study delves into the examination of fecundity and the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) in the Pygmy Halfbeak, D. colletei (Meisner, 2001), an intriguing viviparous fish indigenous to Sarawak, Borneo. We hypothesize that the Pygmy halfbeak, D. colletei, may exhibit unique reproductive adaptations to offset its low fecundity, thus enhancing its survival and fitness. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive study utilizing 28 mature female specimens of D. colletei, carefully measuring fecundity and GSI to shed light on the reproductive adaptations of this species. Our findings reveal that D. colletei indeed exhibits low fecundity, with a mean of 16.76 ± 2.01, and a mean GSI of 12.83 ± 1.27, providing crucial insights into the reproductive mechanisms at play in this species. These results underscore the existence of unique reproductive strategies in D. colletei, enabling its adaptation and persistence in Borneo's diverse aquatic ecosystems, and call for further ecological research to elucidate these mechanisms. This study lends to a better understanding of viviparous fish in Borneo and contributes to the broader field of aquatic ecology, enhancing our knowledge of species adaptations to unique ecological challenges.
hematic appreciation test is a psychological assessment tool used to measure an individual's appreciation and understanding of specific themes or topics. This test helps to evaluate an individual's ability to connect different ideas and concepts within a given theme, as well as their overall comprehension and interpretation skills. The results of the test can provide valuable insights into an individual's cognitive abilities, creativity, and critical thinking skills
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...Sérgio Sacani
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptxMAGOTI ERNEST
Although Artemia has been known to man for centuries, its use as a food for the culture of larval organisms apparently began only in the 1930s, when several investigators found that it made an excellent food for newly hatched fish larvae (Litvinenko et al., 2023). As aquaculture developed in the 1960s and ‘70s, the use of Artemia also became more widespread, due both to its convenience and to its nutritional value for larval organisms (Arenas-Pardo et al., 2024). The fact that Artemia dormant cysts can be stored for long periods in cans, and then used as an off-the-shelf food requiring only 24 h of incubation makes them the most convenient, least labor-intensive, live food available for aquaculture (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021). The nutritional value of Artemia, especially for marine organisms, is not constant, but varies both geographically and temporally. During the last decade, however, both the causes of Artemia nutritional variability and methods to improve poorquality Artemia have been identified (Loufi et al., 2024).
Brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) are used in marine aquaculture worldwide. Annually, more than 2,000 metric tons of dry cysts are used for cultivation of fish, crustacean, and shellfish larva. Brine shrimp are important to aquaculture because newly hatched brine shrimp nauplii (larvae) provide a food source for many fish fry (Mozanzadeh et al., 2021). Culture and harvesting of brine shrimp eggs represents another aspect of the aquaculture industry. Nauplii and metanauplii of Artemia, commonly known as brine shrimp, play a crucial role in aquaculture due to their nutritional value and suitability as live feed for many aquatic species, particularly in larval stages (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021).
9. FreeFall
And the Force of Gravity causes
the object to accelerate.
Fluid Friction from the air around the
object that is falling.
Friction acts against gravity reducing
the acceleration.
If it falls long enough the acceleration
becomes zero while the velocity of the
falling object becomes constant.
12. Acceleration
dueto Gravity
As something falls it acquires
acceleration.
The Acceleration due to Gravity is
9.8 m/s2
The Speed of Gravity = 9.8 m/s
EVERY SECOND!
Example After 3 Seconds, Speed
is (9.8m/s)(3) = 29.4 m/s.
16. Concept
Checking
Questions
What is Free Fall?
Acceleration caused by Gravity.
What is the Acceleration due to
Gravity?
9.8m/s2
What is the difference between
Vertical and Horizontal lines?
17. SatelliteMotion
Curved path matches curved surface
of Earth.
Continuously fall toward Earth but
Earth is curved so they travel around
it.
Gravity continuously changes the
satellite’s direction.
20. Centripetal
Force
A force which causes an object to move
in a circular path.
An object travelling in a circle is
accelerating because its constantly
changing direction.
Therefore a Force must be acting on it.
21.
22. Centripetal
Force
The force ALWAYS points toward
the centre of the circle an object is
moving in.
Therefore with satellites gravity
makes the centripetal force!
24. Concept
Checking
Questions
What is Satellite Motion?
Curved path matches curved
surface of Earth.
What is Centripetal Force?
A force which causes an object to
move in a circular path.