There are three main types of fractures described in the document. An oblique fracture is when the fracture line runs diagonally to the bone shaft. A comminuted fracture is when the bone breaks into three or more pieces, often from crushing or splintering injuries most common in elderly people. A compound fracture is the most serious type, where the broken bone penetrates the skin, requiring immediate treatment like surgery to clean and realign the bone to prevent infection during healing.