This is a lecture by Dr. Stuart Bradin from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
This is a lecture by Dr. Stuart Bradin from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
fracture introduction, aetiology, complete and incomplete fractures, traumatic and pathologic fractures, simple and compound fractures, patterns of fractures and types of displacement
Principles, pitfalls & problems of Paediatrics Fractures AKU 2023.pptxAnisuddin Bhatti
Dr. Anisuddin Bhatti Paediatric Orthopaedic Surgeon DR. Ziauddin University Karachi presented talk on Paediatric fractures principles of treatment at AKU karachi on August 2023 in Orthopaedic Review course. Acknowledged for some text material & photo taken from Published literature.
fracture introduction, aetiology, complete and incomplete fractures, traumatic and pathologic fractures, simple and compound fractures, patterns of fractures and types of displacement
Principles, pitfalls & problems of Paediatrics Fractures AKU 2023.pptxAnisuddin Bhatti
Dr. Anisuddin Bhatti Paediatric Orthopaedic Surgeon DR. Ziauddin University Karachi presented talk on Paediatric fractures principles of treatment at AKU karachi on August 2023 in Orthopaedic Review course. Acknowledged for some text material & photo taken from Published literature.
Mrs. Nilofar Loladiya
Asst Professor
OBGY Dept
Dive into the world of nursing research with our comprehensive presentation on various types of research designs. This informative PPT delves into the intricacies of quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods research, highlighting their unique designs, applications, and implications in the nursing field. Understand the strengths and weaknesses of each approach and gain insights into how they contribute to evidence-based nursing practices. Whether you're a seasoned nurse or a nursing student, this presentation will provide valuable insights to enhance your research knowledge.
Comprehensive exploration of the diverse landscape of research designs within the nursing field. This presentation serves as a valuable resource for nurses, healthcare professionals, and students keen on understanding the nuances of various research methodologies and their impact on evidence-based nursing practices. With a focus on types of research designs, their advantages, and disadvantages, this presentation offers an in-depth journey into the world of nursing research.
In the dynamic realm of healthcare, research plays a pivotal role in shaping clinical practices and enhancing patient outcomes. This presentation begins by elucidating the fundamental categories of research designs: quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods. Each design is dissected to provide a clear understanding of its core principles, methodologies, and applications in nursing contexts.
Quantitative research, known for its structured and numerical approach, is explored with a spotlight on its ability to yield statistically significant results. The presentation delves into the process of hypothesis formulation, data collection through surveys or experiments, and the subsequent analysis methods. However, the presentation also acknowledges the challenges of quantitative research, such as potential bias and limited exploration of complex phenomena.
In contrast, qualitative research is presented as a qualitative exploration of experiences, beliefs, and motivations. The presentation explains the various techniques for data collection, including interviews, focus groups, and observations. It underscores the value of capturing rich, contextual insights that quantitative methods might overlook. Yet, qualitative research is not without its limitations, including potential subjectivity and difficulty in generalizing findings.
To bridge the gap between these two approaches, the presentation introduces mixed-methods research as a harmonious fusion of quantitative and qualitative methodologies. This section outlines the benefits of triangulating data, providing a more comprehensive understanding of research questions. However, it also acknowledges the challenges of managing the intricacies of both approaches within a single study.
Nilofar Loladiya
Assistant professor
nilofarlsalim@gmail.com
The Ethics are the moral principles that govern a person’s behaviour. Research ethics may be referred to as doing what is mostly and legally right in research.
Slides on the famous medical experiments, exploitation in research and development of ethical codes in research.
Major agencies and principles given by them on ethical standards in conducting research.
Details about ANA and INC ethical principles in nursing research.
How to write informed consent? What is ethical committee?
What is risk benefit ratio?
Nilofar Loladiya
MSN OBG
Simulation has been used widely in the clinical training of health-care students and
professionals. It is a valuable strategy for teaching, learning and evaluating clinical skills
at different levels of nursing and midwifery education: undergraduate, postgraduate and
lifelong education (Park et al., 2016; Martins, 2017).
Simulation has a positive impact on students, educators, and the individuals, groups
and communities they care for, as well as on education and health organizations. The
principal aims of simulation as a teaching method are to improve quality of care and
ensure patient safety.
The WHO document Transforming and scaling up health professionals’ education and training (WHO,
2013) strongly recommends the use of simulation. Recommendation 5 states:
Health professionals’ education and training institutions should use simulation methods
(high fidelity methods in settings with appropriate resources and lower fidelity methods in
resource limited settings) of contextually appropriate fidelity levels in the education of health
professionals.
A large proportion of nursing and midwifery education curricula worldwide is dedicated
to the acquisition of clinical skills. At the beginning of the learning period in clinical
settings, students should be able to develop safe and timely evidence-based interventions
without being interrupted by supervisors due to technical errors that may jeopardize
patients’ and students’ safety. In clinical practice with actual patients, students should
be self-confident and feel that others trust them; they should feel capable of performing
tasks without errors and be confident that the supervisor and other team members
believe in their abilities.
From an ethical perspective, invasive procedures should not be taught or practised on
real people; instead, trainees should be able to train in simulated, controlled and safe
environments, allowing them to make errors and learn from them with no harmful
consequences to any person. This ensures absolute respect for human rights by protecting
patients’ dignity and guarantees the quality of nursing care, even during health
professionals’ learning processes.
NILOFAR LOLADIYA
MSN: OBGY
Labor consists of a series of rhythmic, involuntary or medically induced contractions of the uterus that result in effacement (thinning and shortening) and dilation of the uterine cervix. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines normal birth as follows:
The birth is spontaneous in onset and low risk at the start of labor and remains so throughout labor and delivery.
The infant is born spontaneously in the vertex position between 37 and 42 weeks of pregnancy.
After birth, mother and infant are in good condition (1).
The stimulus for labor is unknown, but digitally manipulating or mechanically stretching the cervix during examination enhances uterine contractile activity, most likely by stimulating release of oxytocin by the posterior pituitary gland.
Normal labor usually begins within 2 weeks (before or after) the estimated delivery date. In a first pregnancy, labor usually lasts 12 to 18 hours on average; subsequent labors are often shorter, averaging 6 to 8 hours.
Labor begins with irregular uterine contractions of varying intensity; they apparently soften (ripen) the cervix, which begins to efface and dilate. As labor progresses, contractions increase in duration, intensity, and frequency.
Stages of labor
There are 3 stages of labor.
The 1st stage—from onset of labor to full dilation of the cervix (about 10 cm)—has 2 phases, latent and active.
During the latent phase, irregular contractions become progressively coordinated, discomfort is minimal, and the cervix effaces and dilates to 4 cm. The latent phase is difficult to time precisely, and duration varies, averaging 8 hours in nulliparas and 5 hours in multiparas; duration is considered abnormal if it lasts > 20 hours in nulliparas or > 12 hours in multiparas.
During the active phase, the cervix becomes fully dilated, and the presenting part descends well into the midpelvis. On average, the active phase lasts 5 to 7 hours in nulliparas and 2 to 4 hours in multiparas. Traditionally, the cervix was expected to dilate about 1.2 cm/hour in nulliparas and 1.5 cm/hour in multiparas. However, recent data suggest that slower progression of cervical dilation from 4 to 6 cm may be normal (1). Pelvic examinations are done every 2 to 3 hours to evaluate labor progress. Lack of progress in dilation and descent of the presenting part may indicate dystocia (fetopelvic disproportion).
Standing and walking shorten the first stage of labor by > 1 hour and reduce the rate of cesarean delivery
NILOFAR LOLADIYA
MSN: OBGY
The common thread uniting different types of nurses who work in varied areas is the nursing process—the essential core of practice for the registered nurse to deliver holistic, patient-focused care
One of the most important tools a nurse can use in practice is the nursing process. Although nursing schools teach first-year students about the nursing process, some nurses fail to grasp the impact its proper use can have on patient care. In this article, I will share information about the nursing process, its history, its purpose, its main characteristics, and the 5 steps involved in carrying out the nursing process.
• Establishes plans to meet patient needs
• Guides nurses in the delivery of high-quality evidence-based care
• Protects nurses against potential legal problems
• Promotes a systematic approach to patient care that all members of the nursing team can follow
The nursing process consists of five steps which encompass the care provided. The five nursing process steps are:
1. Assessment
2. Diagnosis
3. Planning
4. Implementation
5. Evaluation
NILOFAR LOLADIYA
MSN: OBGY
Pressure ulcers (also known as pressure sores or bedsores) are injuries to the skin and underlying tissue, primarily caused by prolonged pressure on the skin. They can happen to anyone, but usually affect people confined to bed or who sit in a chair or wheelchair for long periods of time.
t is widely believed that other factors can influence the tolerance of skin for pressure and shear, thereby increasing the risk of pressure ulcer development. These factors are protein-calorie malnutrition, microclimate (skin wetness caused by sweating or incontinence), diseases that reduce blood flow to the skin, such as arteriosclerosis, or diseases that reduce the sensation in the skin, such as paralysis or neuropathy. The healing of pressure ulcers may be slowed by the age of the person, medical conditions (such as arteriosclerosis, diabetes or infection), smoking or medications such as anti-inflammatory drugs.
Nilofar Loladiya
MSN: OBGY
Group Dynamics is a system of behaviors and psychological processes occurring within a social group or between social groups.
It is one of the important topics in nursing service and management.
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic ApproachAyurveda ForAll
Explore the benefits of combining Ayurveda with conventional Parkinson's treatments. Learn how a holistic approach can manage symptoms, enhance well-being, and balance body energies. Discover the steps to safely integrate Ayurvedic practices into your Parkinson’s care plan, including expert guidance on diet, herbal remedies, and lifestyle modifications.
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...Oleg Kshivets
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
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Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
2. Fracture is a break or disruption in the
continuity of bone.
• A bone gets fracture when the force
applied to it exceeds the amount, the bone
can absorb.
• In children: due to fall or direct trauma.
• Pathological cause or due to severe
muscular contraction.
• Child abuse may result bony injury in
children
3. In children, bones
are having thick
periosteum. Long
bones are more
resilient than those
of adults, so they are
able to withstand
greater deflection
without fracturing.
4. • Damage of growth plate may result in
cessation of or disturbance in bone
growth
• There is often acceleration in bone growth
after fracture in the long bones in
children.
• Fracture bone heals more rapidly in young
children and remodel more completely
and actively with less disability and
deformity
5. Common Sites of Fracture
1. Forearm fractures 50%: 3/4th of forearm
fractures involve distal third of radius and
ulna.
2. Epiphyseal fractures involve the physis
(growth plate) and accounts for about 15 to 30
percent of all fracture cases in children.
The mechanism of injury is usually fall on an
outstretched hand involving physeal injury of the
distal radius and ulna.
6. 3. Fracture humerus:
It occurs due to fall onto an
out stretched arm or hand
involving proximal part of
the shaft of the humerus.
Direct trauma.
Supracondylar fracture: 60%
Lateral condylar 2nd most
common in distal humeral
injuries.
Medial epicondylar 3rd most
common
7. 4. Femur fractures:
It is common in children involving mid shaft
of the femur.
motor vehicle accidents.
5. Tibial fracture and ankle fracture:
Most common lower extremity fracture in
children occurs in the tibial and fibular shaft
due to motor vehicle accidents and sports
injury.
Ankle fracture in adolescents: direct trauma.
8.
9.
10. Common types of fractures
A. Open/Compound fracture:
The wound through the adjacent or overlaying
soft tissues communicates with the site of the
break.
B. Closed:
Does not produce on open wounds.
11. 3. Plastic deformation (bending):
A bending of the bone occurs in such a manner as
to cause a microscope fracture line that does not
cross the bone.
It is unique to children and commonly found in the
ulna.
12. 4. Buckle (torus) fracture: A
fracture occurring on the
tension side of the bone
near the softer
metaphyseal bone.
crosses the bone and
buckles the harder
diaphyseal bone on the
opposite site causing a
bulge. The bone cortex not
broken but is buckled.
13. 5. Greenstick fracture:
A fracture in which the bone partially bent and
partially broken, as a green stick breaks.
The bone is bent and the fracture begins but does
not entirely cross through the bone.
Other types of fractures which may found in
children are pathological fracture due to
weakening of the bone structure by
pathological processes such as neoplasm,
osteomyelitis, etc
14.
15.
16.
17.
18. A. IMMOBILIZATION
B. CLOSED REDUCTION: f/b immobilization in
cast or splint
C. CLOSED REDUCTION and PERCUTANEOUS
PINNING:
D. CLOSED OR OPEN REDUCTION and
application of external fixators
E. OPEN REDUCTION with or w/o internal
fixation f/b immobilization in cast or splint
F. TRACTION