Formal communication in organizations follows predefined communication channels and flows of information established as part of the organizational hierarchy. There are four main types of formal communication: bottom-up, top-down, horizontal, and diagonal. Informal communication does not follow set channels and is a natural part of workplace interactions regarding both professional and personal matters. The four types of informal communication are: single strand chain, cluster chain, probability chain, and gossip chain. While formal communication is required to perform job duties, informal communication can also be an effective means of information exchange within an organization.

1. BCBusiness Communication
Business communication
Formal or informal
communication

2. COMMUNICATION
• The sharing of information between two or
more individuals or groups to reach a
common understanding.
Example
• Process of effective communication in
organization
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3. FR
The communication follows a hierarchical chain of
command which is established by the organization itself
the flow of information is already defined. This type of
communication is used exclusively in the workplace, and
the employees are bound to follow it.
There are four types of formal communication.
• Bottom-up
• Top-down
• Horizontal
• Diagonal
FORMAL
COMMUNICARION
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•Upward: The communication in
which the flow of information
goes from subordinate to superior
authority.
•Top-down: The communication in
which the flow of information
goes from superior to
subordinate.
•Horizontal: The communication
between two employees of
different departments working at
the same level .
•Diagonal: The communication
between the employees of two
different departments working at
different levels.
FORMAL COMMUNICATION

5. FR
The communication which does not follow any pre-
defined channel for the transmission of information is
known as informal communication. In any organization,
this type of communication is very natural as people
interact with each other about their professional life,
personal life, and other matter.
There are four types of informal communication.
• Single strand chain
• Cluster chain
• Probability chain
• Gossip chain
INFORMAL
COMMUNICARION
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6. FR
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INFORMAL COMMUNICARION
Single Strand Chain:
The communication in which one
person tell something to another, who
again says something to some other
person and the process goes on.
Cluster Chain:
The communication in which one
person tells something to some of its
most trusted people, and then they tells
them to their trustworthy friends and
the communication continues.

7. FR
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INFORMAL COMMUNICARION
Probability Chain:
The communication happens when a
person randomly chooses some persons
to pass on the information which is of
little interest but not important.
Gossip Chain:
The communication starts when a
person tells something to a group of
people, and then they pass on the
information to some more people and
in this way the information is passed on
to everyone.
•

8. FR
FORMAL VS INFORMAL COMMUNICATION
Formal Communication
• Formal communication refers to
communication that Is part of the
communication required to do one‟s
job.
• it is Official information exchange.
•Emails
•Memos
•Letters
Informal Communication
•Along with formal channel, every
organization has informal channel
of communication that is equally
effective.
• It is Not officially statements and
often discouraged.
•feedback from customers.
•Advertising.
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9. FR
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