The document discusses forest management, emphasizing the importance of administrative, legal, economic, and ecological aspects in overseeing forests. Key concepts include the need for skilled foresters, the practices of monoculture, rotation of cultivation, and different methods of managing forest resources such as weeding and thinning. It also outlines systems like the taungya system that promotes sustainable forestry and tree regeneration.

1. Dr. R.SREEBHA, Assistant Professor
Department of Botany
V.V.Vanniaperumal College for Women
Virudhunagar

2. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed
under CC BY
FOREST MANAGEMENT
Forest management is a branch of forestry concerned with
overall administrative, legal, economic, and social aspects, as
well as scientific and technical aspects, such as Knowledge of
Plant Ecology, Sub – Division of Forest, Monoculture,
Silviculture, Arboriculture, Rotation of Cultivation, Weeding
Thinning, Brashing, Taungya system, Coppice system of
regeneration. A forest management system is a process in which
forests are tended, harvested and regenerated.

3. Knowledge of Plant Ecology
For a successful forest
management, an Officer in-
charge of a Forest, must be
appointed. The Forester
should have a thorough
knowledge of plant ecology

4. Sub – Division of Forest
1. A Forest area can be sub-divided
into different units called
Compartments.
2. Each compartment may have an
area of about 10 to 20 acres.
3. Each compartment can be brought
under the direct control of a
Forester.
4. This provides skillful management.

5. Monoculture
1.It refers to the cultivation of single species.
2.The cultivation of rubber trees, teak, oak, conifers,
Eucalyptus are examples of monoculture.
3. It helps to obtain the desired varieties of trees on
a large scale

6. Silviculture is branch of
forestry which deals with the
establishment, development,
care and reproduction of
monoculture of valuable timber
trees like oak, teak, sal,
sheesham, kel etc

7. Rotation of cultivation
1. Monoculture in forests has posed certain
serious problems.
2. Monoculture drains the soil of the
specific nutrients required by the species
in greater quantities.
3. For example, teak requires more calcium.
4. Monoculture of Eucalyptus draws large
quantities of underground water and also
takes large quantities of nutrients.
5. The monoculture reduces the fertility of
the soil.
6. To prevent this type of vegetation, the
rotation of crops are recommended.

8. Weeding refers to the
elimination of the undesired
species which will compete
with the seedlings of desired
species.

9. Thinning refers to the eradication
of the individuals of the same
species to reduce the density of
forest

10. 1. Brashing refers to the removal
of leafless, lower branches of
trees.
2. For example, the removal of the
lower branches of conifer tree

11. 1. Taungya system is a scheme provided by the
government to reduce the expenditure for
the plantation of trees.
2. In this system, government offers land.
3. The people are allowed to grow crops along
with the seedling of forest trees for 2 to 3
years.
4. The seedling of trees grow better due to
competition with crop plants.
5. The labourers get the harvest of the crop
free in return for their free services.
6. By this system, forest is raised without
paying any labour charges.

12. 1.Under this system, the
timber trees are cut off
from near the base leaving
about one meter of the
stem.
2.The stem regenerates in
to new shoots.

13. Arumugam, N. and Kumaresan, V. 2017.
Environmental Studies. Saras publication,
Nagercoil. 28p.