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Foreign Policy as Geopolitics Nixons Triangular Diplomacy
The document outlines key topics in U.S. diplomatic history, focusing on Nixon's triangular diplomacy, détente, and the end of the Cold War through the efforts of Reagan and Gorbachev. It highlights significant events such as Nixon's visits to China and the USSR, the SALT treaties, and the summits between Reagan and Gorbachev that contributed to the Cold War's conclusion. The text also reflects on the implications of a multipolar world in the 21st century and the role of U.S. foreign policy.
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Foreign Policy as Geopolitics Nixons Triangular Diplomacy
- 1. Diplomatic History •Foreign Policyas Geopolitics: Nixon’s Triangular Diplomacy •Detente and its Discontents •The End of the Cold War : Reagon and Gorbachov •The New World Order Reconsidered
- 2. TOPICS TO BECOVERED: • Foreign Policy as Geopolitics: Nixon’s Triangular Diplomacy • Detente and its Discontents • The End of the Cold War : Reagon and Gorbachov • The New World Order Reconsidered
- 3. Foreign Policy asGeopolitics: Nixon’s Triangular Diplomacy
- 4. Triangular Diplomacy Using relations with one country asleverage to extract concessions from another “Triangular diplomacy”, a term coined by US secretary of state Henry Kissinger Mao Zedong Richard Nixon Leonid Brezhnev
- 5. President Richard Nixon stands incar during the inaugural parade on Jan. 20, 1969.
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- 7. Henry Kissinger’s Secrettrip to China Henry Kissinger and Zhou Enlai, 9 July 1971, during the secret trip Kissinger and Chinese officials at the Great Wall, 26 October 1971, during Kissinger's second trip
- 8. Henry Kissinger and RichardNixon Times Magazine 1971
- 9. Nixon’s visit toChina - 1972 “I have taken this action because of my profound conviction that all nations will gain from a reduction of tensions and a better relationship between the United States and the People's Republic of China,” - Nixon
- 10. President Nixon shakinghands with Premier Chou Enlai US president Richard Nixon, and his wife, Patricia, visit the Great Wall during their trip to China in February 1972 He was the first sitting US president to travel to the country While First Lady Pat Nixon and Chinese officials stand nearby, February 21, 1972
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- 13. “The Enemy ofMy Enemy Is My Friend” - an ancient proverb
- 14. The Soviets soonchanged their tune when Nixon reopened talks with China
- 15. Nixon’s visit to the USSR TheFirst U.S. President to visit Moscow
- 16. Nixon and BrezhnevSign Agreements (Moscow Summit)
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- 18. Detente and itsDiscontents
- 19. Détente Detente is aFrench term The Moscow Summit marked the beginning of détente. meaning “relaxation of tension”
- 20. Kissinger's approach toDetente Realpolitik Balance of Power Negotiation and Diplomacy SALT I Treaty Pragmatic Engagement
- 21. STRATEGIC ARMS LIMITATIONTREATY (SALT I) 1972 US and Soviet negotiators ‘meet’ in Vladivostok To sign the Strategic Arms Limitation Treat (SALT)
- 22. APOLLO-SOYUZ Agreement (1975) Thefirst international crewed space mission On July 15, 1975, a NASA Apollo spacecraft carrying three astronauts launched, and, two days later, it rendezvoused with a Soyuz spacecraft carrying two cosmonauts. It was the first successful international venture of its kind.
- 23. President Richard Nixonand Soviet Premier Alexei Kosygin sign an agreement for joint US-Soviet spaceflights. Spaceship crew members
- 24. President Nixon and Nikolay Podgorny (Chairmanof the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR) signed agreements. St. Vladimir Hall in the Grand Kremlin Palace, Moscow
- 25. President Nixon, accompanied by HenryKissinger, walk between buildings in the Kremlin, Moscow
- 26. The End ofthe Cold War : Reagon and Gorbachov
- 27. This was Reagan's outlinefor his foreign policy Reagan Doctrine, 1985 military support for "freedom fighters" around the globe.
- 28. Gorbachev's foreign policy,"new thinking", also contributed to the Cold War's end. Was the youngest member upon assuming the position. Mikhail Gorbachev’s Foreign Policy He brought with him a fresh approach to many issues, including nuclear diplomacy. And by December 1991, the Soviet Union ceased to exist.
- 29. Reagan rehearsed for his firstmeeting with Gorbachev, which took place in Geneva in November 1985 Reagan and Gorbachev: The Geneva Summit (1985)
- 30. Reykjavik Summit -1986 Initially conceived as an introductory meeting between the two leaders, the Reykjavik meeting moved forwarded at a dramatic pace.
- 31. Washington Summit 1987 Thethird summit meeting between President Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail S. Gorbachev. Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev signed the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty.
- 32. The image suggestsa new thaw in U.S.-Soviet relations, which the disarmament agreement of the INF Treaty made a reality. Soviet poster (1987) Promoted the importance of the upcoming meeting. The text simply reads: "Soviet-American Summit "meeting at the highest level"
- 33. The New WorldOrder Reconsidered
- 34. In the 21stcentury the United States will face a nationalistic world inhabited by many superpowers— China, Russia, Europe, Japan, and India The major question is how the United States can remain true to its values. Kissinger’s Thoughts While also promoting a more peaceful and prosperous world
- 35. Sources • https://2001-2009.state.gov/r/pa/ho/frus/nixon/i/21100.htm • https://www.coursehero.com/lit/Diplomacy/ •https://www.cfr.org/event/henry-kissinger-looks-back-cold-war • https://www.ushistory.org/us/56g.asp • https://www.inverse.com/innovation/ussr-us-space-agreement-fifty-years-anniversary • https://coldwar.unc.edu/theme/detente/ • https://www.politics-dz.com/detente-the-cold-war/ • https://www.history.com/news/nixon-china-visit-cold-war • https://www.ft.com/content/5546e1d9-f222-4136-bd8a-2b6932f0028d • https://content.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19710726,00.html • https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB66/index2.html • https://www.nixonfoundation.org/2022/05/50th-anniversary-moscow-summit/ • https://historyinpieces.com/photos/gallery/president-nixons-trip-soviet-union-1972 • https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip • https://www.army.mil/article/194953/smdc_history_remembering_the_reykjavik_summit • https://www.reaganlibrary.gov/archives/audiovisual/white-house-photo-collection-galleries/summits-mikhail-gorbachev • https://www.wilsoncenter.org/article/infographic-today-history-reagan-and-gorbachev-sign-inf-treaty • https://worldhistorycommons.org/us-soviet-summit-washington-dc • https://www.thoughtco.com/the-reagan-doctrine-and-communism-4571021 • https://www.timetoast.com/timelines/1980-s-digital-timeline-m9l2a1
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