Folding
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This document summarizes key points from 3 scientific articles and 1 textbook section on topics relating to DNA replication, mitochondria, methylation, oxidative damage, and DNA repair mechanisms. The summaries discuss how mitochondrial DNA defects can cause inherited deafness, how certain mutations increase methylation and apoptosis, how antioxidants can prevent damage from reactive oxygen species, and how scientists have decoded an efficient DNA repair mechanism to copy mutated bases without harmful mutations. The document expresses hope that these innovations may help chronic illnesses like cancer and that further research in these areas could lead to new treatments.
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3) The third study investigates how UV-induced DNA lesions like CPDs can form clusters of cells that may lead to skin cancer, and suggests clusters of p53-overexpressing cells originate from CRBCs activated by low-level UV radiation.
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The document summarizes two scientific studies on motor neuron disease and colon cancer. The motor neuron disease study found that preventing replicated RNA sequences from leaving the cell nucleus can help develop gene therapy treatments for neurodegenerative diseases. The colon cancer study was the first to directly visualize the dynamics of nuclear pore complexes in living cells at nanoscale resolution using HS-AFM, finding that nuclear pore barrier deformation may be linked to cancer cell death. Both studies provide new medical insights into serious diseases and potential new treatment approaches.
Plegable María José Cortés Gaviria 2017
The document summarizes two scientific studies on motor neuron disease and colon cancer. The motor neuron disease study found that preventing RNA containing replicated DNA sequences from leaving the cell nucleus can help treat the disease. The colon cancer study directly visualized the dynamics of nuclear pore complexes at the nanoscale using HS-AFM, revealing how their deformation may contribute to cancer cell death. Both studies provide new insights into disease mechanisms and potential treatments using genetic therapies or high-resolution imaging techniques.
Plegable- María José Cortés
The document discusses two recent studies on motor neuron disease and colon cancer. The motor neuron disease study found a way to prevent replicated RNA sequences from leaving the cell nucleus, where they cause cell death. The colon cancer study directly visualized the dynamics of nuclear pores at the nanoscale using HS-AFM, observing deformations in the nuclear pore barrier that may contribute to cancer cell death. Both studies provide new insights into disease mechanisms and potential treatments, representing advances for medical applications. The studies increase understanding of the nucleus's role and how molecular signals pass through nuclear pores, with implications for diseases like cancer and neurodegeneration.
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Folding
- 1. Daniel Escobar Macías Medicine Third semester 2012-1
- 4. REPLICATION It is a semiconser- vative processs The synthesis of new DNA strand is carried out by DNA polymerases.
- 6. Mitochondria are intracellular organelles present in all human cells (except red blood cells) The function of mitochondria is the respiratory metabolism, glucose and other organic substrates are oxidized completely to obtain chemical energy as ATP Mitochondria contain DNA that is inherited exclusively from the female gender
- 7. Methylation is a chemical process capable of “turning off “ the expression of a gene good. This is the case with certain tumor suppressor that normally act as a brake on cancer process by preventing cells from dividing uncontrollably, but in the presence of this chemical alteration are inactivated.
- 8. The scientists focused on a mutation coding for ribosomal RNA, it was found that cells containing this mutation were more sensitive to apoptosis, because this mutation increased the expression of the enzyme responsible for methylation.
- 9. I think they are very important research involving mitochondrial DNA as being inherited from the mother, it could in the future to know in advance the pathologies that could affect our descendants and by the way, they can affect the natural history of disease.
- 11. In general, the harmful effects of reactive oxygen species in the cell are: 1. Damage to DNA 2. Polyunsaturated fatty acid oxidation 3. Oxidation of amino acids in proteins
- 12. Genetic defects in DNA repair machinery are associated with increased genetic susceptibility to cancer family Antioxidants assist in preventing damage caused by reactive oxygen species by eliminating free radicals
- 13. The scientist has decoded a repair mechanism for the mutated DNA bases. This mechanism efficiently copies thousands of 8-oxo-guanines without their harmful mutations, thus normally preventing the negative consequences of 8-oxo-guanine damage.
- 14. I think these innovations that somehow "arranged " DNA mutations, give us a hopeful future to a chronic and devastating illness such as cancer, it would be important to investigate whether mechanisms like this can be useful in other diseases
- 16. This studies make easier to find out how the organism work
- 17. cans lead new researches to find efficient treatments for patients who can be affected from deafness and other diseases
- 18. What´s found on these studies, someday mankind will be able to heal this kind of diseases.
- 19. Nuno Raimundo, Lei Song, Yale University (2012, February 17). How mitochondrial DNA defects cause inherited deafness, ScienceDaily. Retrieved February 18, 2012, from http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/02/120217115611.htm Enni Markkanen, Barbara van Loon, University of Zurich (2011, December 27). Oxidative DNA damage rpair, ScienceDaily. Retrieved February 18, 2012, from http://www.sciencedaily.com-/releases/2011/12/111227153752.htm Martínez LM. Replicación genética, 6. ed. Medellín: Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana; 2009. p. 74 - 84.