Scientists have identified two key DNA repair methods. UvrD facilitates repair by pulling RNA polymerase backwards to expose DNA lesions. The Mre11 complex cuts DNA strands to initiate precise homologous recombination repair. Defects in related human proteins XPB and Mre11 have been linked to diseases like xeroderma pigmentosum and cancer. Further research on these repair proteins may help develop new therapies.

4. Scientists identified 2 DNA repair
methods:

UvrD  facilitates DNA
repair by pulling RNA
polymerase backwards.

The Mre11  cuts in the
middle of a DNA strand, it
initiates a high-precision
DNA-repair pathway called
homologous recombination
repair.

5. 
The NYU used a
battery of genetic
experiments to directly
link UvrD to RNA
polymerase.

UvrD’s pulling activity
is essential for DNA
repair.

6. 
UvrD in Escherichia coli binds
RNA polymerase during
transcription elongation.

UvrD exposes DNA lesions
shielded by blocked RNA
polymerase.

Nucleotide excision repair
enzymes allowing to gain
access to sites of damage.

7. 
UvrD’s human analog  XPB
Protein is needed to prevent
serious disorders.

Inherited defects in the gene
that encodes for XPB have
been linked to conditions such
as:
- Xeroderma pigmentosum
- Cockayne syndrome
- Trichothiodystrophy


8. Major role of RNA
polymerase is to pa
trol the
genome for DNA da
mage.
“Means fewer mutations,
which also means slower
ing, less cancer, and many
ag
other pathologies.”

9. 
I think to take into account the role of
RNA polymerase in the transcription
process is essential to regulate and to
monitor the human genome. The
detection of any deviation or
irregularity in this process if detected
early, may contribute more
significantly in finding solutions and
maintaining the integrity of the
species genome.

10. Scientists identified how a
protein complex
Mre11-Rad50
Reshapes itself to take on
different DNA-repair tasks.

11. Mre11-Rad50 mutation:
Speeds up hydrolysis Open
state High-fidelity way to
repair DNA.
Slowed down hydrolysis
Closed ATP-bound state
 Low-fidelity DNA repair.

12. 
Mre11-Rad50’s job Help fix the
gravest kind of DNA breaks.
The protein complex :
- Sends out a signal that stops the
cell from dividing
- Changes shape
- Initiates DNA repair


13. “It’s a ‘bottom up’ way
to study proteins such as
Mre11-Rad50, and it
could guide the
development of better
cancer therapies and
other applications,” says
Tainer.

14. 
I think that this kind of investigation
represents a major step in science
because understanding how a protein
complex can help in the repair and
reliability of DNA will help to develop
methods of understanding the
mechanism of action so that in the
future DNA repair will be better and
safer.

15. Both news are the gateway for
further molecular and medical
studies to help guide in the
diagnosis, treatment and support for
people suffering from various
diseases

16. The determination of some human diseases is very
complex because it is due to the sum of several factors:
genetic and environmental conditions, so the molecular
biology from the medical point of view is very important
to promote the study of DNA, treatments and therapies
that relieve the suffering they cause many diseases.

17. This research has given hope for the
treatment of diseases such as:
Xeroderma pigmentosum,
Cockayne syndrome,
trichothiodystrophy and cancer;
using complex and XPB proteins
that are mechanisms of protection
for the care of the human genome.

18. The study of diseases and genetics been one of the main goals
of medicine throughout history, so it is necessary to continue
to motivate research from molecular point of view, because
it will be from her that may bring about structural changes
and significant not only in the genetic material but also on
the quality of life of people.

19. 


genengnews.com [Internet]. New York: NYU Langone
Medical Center, 2014 [update 9 January 2014, cited 23
February 2014] Avalaible from:
http://www.genengnews.com/gen-news-highlights/enzymereverses-stalled-transcription-machinery-to-aid-dnarepair/81249345
Newscenter.lbl.gov [Internet]. Place USA: Publiser Dan
Krotz, 2014 [update 3 February 2014, cited 23 February
2014] Available from:
http://newscenter.lbl.gov/news-releases/2014/02/03/dnarepair-machine/