The document discusses the flipped classroom model of instruction compared to the traditional lecture model. In a flipped classroom, lectures take place outside of class through video or other means while class time is used for projects, exercises, and discussions with the teacher present as a coach. This allows for individualized attention to students and more active learning. Potential downsides include the increased preparation time for teachers and students adjusting to being responsible for their own learning outside of class. Upsides include tailored instruction, assessment of real-time understanding, and students taking ownership of their learning.