Textile Military History, conservation, Flags of Indiana Regiments illustrated with wikipedia

Indiana War Memorial & Museums, Flags, 431 N Meridian, Indianapolis, IN 46204
Ethan Wright Director 1-317-233-2124 EWright@iwm.in.gov
Indiana War Memorial Museum Specialist, Jennifer Hein, conservator@msn.com Page 1
Facts about Indiana in the American Civil War
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Indiana in the Civil War)
Indiana Regiments Illustratedby Jennifer Hein&The Indiana War Memorial
See also:List of Indiana Civil War regiments
3rdRegiment Indiana Cavalry atcamp
Many of Indiana's regiments served with distinction in the war.[25][54]
The 19thIndiana Volunteer Infantry Regiment,

Soldiers 208,367 Hoosiers[1][2]
Sailors 2,130 Hoosiers[citation needed][3]
Killed 24,416 Hoosiers[1][4]
Wounded 48,568 Hoosiers[5]
20thIndiana Infantry Regiment, and 27thIndiana Infantry Regiment suffered the
highest casualties of the state's infantry regiments as a percentage of the
regiment's total enrollment.[55]
Dubois County- JH
Company K 27th
IND VOL is fromthe Dubois County HistoricalSociety, Jasper, IN
on Loan to the Dubois County Museum, 2008 treatment volunteer JH
Indiana's firstsixregiments organized during the Civil War were the 6th, 7th, 8th,
9th, 10th, and 11th Indiana infantry regiments. The men in these regiments
volunteered for three months of service at the startof the war, buttheir brief
terms provided inadequate; most of these soldiers re-enlisted for three additional
years of service.[56]

6th
, 6th
Canton detail, 9th
, 13th
IWM
By the end of 1861, forty-seven Indiana regiments had mustered into service; most of the men
enlisted for terms of three years. The majority of the three-year regiments were deployed in
the western theater. In 1862 another forty-one regiments from Indiana were mustered into
service; about half were sent to the eastern theater and the other half remained in the west.
During 1863 six more regiments were mustered into service to replace the casualties of the first
two years' fighting, and on July 8, 1863, and additional thirteen temporary regiments were
established during Morgan's Raid into southern Indiana. The men in these temporary regiments
enlisted for terms of three months, but the regiments disbanded once the threat posed by
Morgan's troops was gone.[25]
In 1864 twenty-one Indiana regiments mustered into service. As the fighting declined, most of
Indiana's regiments mustered out of service by the end of 1864, but some continued to serve.
During 1865 fourteen additional Indiana regiments were mustered into a year of service.

On November 10, 1865, the 13th Regiment Indiana Cavalry became the state's final regiment
to be mustered out of the U.S. Army.[25]
A recruitment poster used by Eli Lilly & IWM 5th Regiment
Indiana, a state in the Midwest, played an important role in supporting the Union during the American
Civil War. Despite anti-war activity within the state, and southern Indiana's ancestral ties to the South,
Indiana was a strong supporter of the Union. Indiana contributed approximately 210,000 Union
soldiers, sailors, and marines. Indiana's soldiers served in 308 military engagements during the war;
the majority of them in the western theater, between the Mississippi River and the Appalachian
Mountains. Indiana's war-related deaths reached 25,028 (7,243 from battle and 17,785 from disease).
Its state government provided funds to purchase equipment, food, and supplies for troops in the field.
Indiana, an agriculturally rich state containing the fifth-highest population in the Union, was critical to
the North's success due to its geographical location, large population, and agricultural production.
Indiana residents, also known as Hoosiers, supplied the Union with manpower for the war effort, a
railroad network and access to the Ohio River and the Great Lakes, and agricultural products such as
grain and livestock. The state experienced two minor raids by Confederate forces, and one major raid
in 1863, which caused a brief panic in southern portions of the state and its capital city, Indianapolis.
Indiana experienced significant political strife during the war, especially after Governor
Oliver P. Morton suppressed the Democratic-controlled state legislature, which had an anti-war
(Copperhead) element. Major debates, which lead to violence, related to the issues of slavery
and emancipation, military service for African Americans, and the draft. In 1863, after the state
legislature failed to pass a budget and left the state without the authority to collect taxes,
Governor Morton acted outside his state's constitutional authority to secure funding through
federal and private loans to operate the state government and avert a financial crisis.

The American Civil War altered Indiana's society, politics, and economy, beginning a population
shift to central and northern Indiana, and contributed to a relative decline in the southern part
of the state. Increased wartime manufacturing and industrial growth in Hoosier cities and
towns ushered in a new era of economic prosperity. By the end of the war, Indiana had become
less rural state than it previously had been. Indiana's votes were closely split between the
parties for several decades after the war, making it one of a few key swing states that often
decided national elections. Between 1868 and 1916, five Indiana politicians were vice-
presidential nominees on the major party tickets. In 1888 Benjamin Harrison, one of the state's
former Civil War generals, was elected president of the United States.
The 11thIndiana Infantry Regiment, also known as the Indiana Zouaves, under
the command of Lew Wallace, was the firstregiment organized in Indiana during
the Civil War and the firstone to march into battle.[57]
The 11th Indiana foughtin
the Battle of FortDonelson, the Siege of Vicksburg, thesecond day of the Battle
of Shiloh, and elsewhere.[58]

In 1861 the9th Indiana Infantry Regimentbecame one of the firstHoosier
regiments to see action in the war. The 9th Indiana foughtin many major battles,
including the Battle of Shiloh, the Battle of Stones River, the Atlanta Campaign,
and the Battle of Nashville, among others.[59]
The 14thIndiana Infantry Regiment was nicknamed the "Gibralter Brigade" for
maintaining its position at the Battle of Antietam. Itsecured Cemetery Hill on the first
day of the three-day fight at the Battle of Gettysburg, whereit lost 123 of its men.[60]

The 19thIndiana Volunteer Infantry Regiment, part of the Iron Brigade, made
critical contributions to someof the mostimportant engagements of the war,
including the Second Battle of Bull Run, but was almostcompletely destroyed in
the Battle of Gettysburg, whereit sustained 210 casualties.[61][62]
The 19th Indiana
suffered the heaviest battle losses of any Indiana unit; 15.9 percentof its men
were killed or mortally wounded during the war.[31][63]
The 27thIndiana Infantry Regimentearned the nickname "giants in the
cornfield" at the Battle of Antietam.[31]
The regiment also foughtat the Battle of
Chancellorsville, the Battle of Gettysburg, and in the Atlanta Campaign. The 27th
Indiana's casualties were15.3 percent of its total enrollment, nearly as many as
the 19th Indiana.[63]
Most of Indiana's regimental units wereorganized within towns or counties, but
ethnic units were also formed, including the 32ndIndiana, a German-American
infantry regiment, and the 35thIndiana, composed of Irish Americans.[31]

The 28thRegiment U.S. ColoredTroops, formed at Indianapolis between
December 24, 1863, and March 31, 1864, was theonly black regiment formed in
Indiana during the war. Ittrained at Indianapolis's Camp Fremont, near Fountain
Square, and included 518 enlisted men who signed on for three years of service.
The regiment lost 212 men during the conflict.[64]
The 28th participated in the
Siege of Petersburg and at the Battle of the Crater, wheretwenty-two of its men
were killed. At the end of the war the regiment served in Texas, where it
mustered out of service on November 8, 1865.[65]
The last casualty of the Civil War was a Hoosier serving in the 34thRegiment
Indiana Infantry. PrivateJohn J. Williams died at the Battle of Palmetto Ranch on
May 13, 1865.[66]
______________________________________
Governor Morton and Lew Wallace, Indiana's adjutantgeneral, established Camp
Morton at the state fairgrounds in Indianapolis as the initial gathering place and
training camp for the state's Union volunteers. (Camp Morton was converted to a
prisoner-of-warcamp in 1862.)[12][13]
By April27, Indiana's first six regiments were

fully organized as the First Brigade, IndianaVolunteers, under thecommand of
Brigadier General Thomas A. Morris. Members of companies not selected for
these firstregiments were given the option of volunteering for three years of
serviceor returning home until they were needed; some companies formed into
regiments in the state militia and were called into federal servicewithin a few
weeks.[6][14][15]
Indiana ranked second among the states in terms of the percentage of its men of
military age who served in the Union army.[11]
Indiana contributed 208,367 men,
roughly 15 percent of the state's total population to servein the Union army,[1][2]
and 2,130 to servein the navy.[6][16]
Mostof Indiana's soldiers werevolunteers;
11,718 werere-enlistments.[17]
Deserters numbered 10,846.[1]
Indiana's volunteers responded to requests for military service in the early
months of the war; however, as the war progressed and the number of casualties
increased, the state governmenthad to resortto conscription (the draft) to fill its
quotas.[18][19]
Military conscription, which began in October 1862, was a divisive
issuewithin the state. Itwas especially unpopular among Democrats, who viewed
it as a threat to individual freedom and opposed legislation that allowed a man to
purchasean exemption for $300 or pay another person to serveas his
substitute.[18]
A total of 3,003 Hoosier men were drafted in October 1862;
subsequentdrafts in Indiana broughtthe total to 17,903.[20]
Indiana's volunteers and draftees provided the Union army with 129 infantry
regiments,[21]
13 cavalry regiments,[22]
3 cavalry companies, 1 regiment of heavy
artillery,[23]
and26 light artillery batteries.[24][25][26]
In addition to providing Union
troops, Indiana also organized its own volunteer militia, known as the Indiana
Legion. Formed in May 1861, theLegion was responsiblefor protecting Indiana's
citizens fromattack and maintaining order within the state.[27]
By the end of the war, Indiana could claim 46 general officers in the Union army
who had at one time resided in the state.[28]
These men included Don Carlos Buell,
AmbroseBurnside, Lew Wallace, Robert H. Milroy, and Joseph J. Reynolds, among
others.[29][30]

More than 35 percent of the Hoosiers who joined the Union army became
casualties: 24,416,roughly 12.6percentof Indiana's soldiers who served, lost
their lives in the conflict.[1][4][17]
An estimated 48,568 soldiers, doublethenumber
of Hoosiers killed in the war, werewounded.[5]
Indiana's war-related death toll
eventually reached 25,028 (7,243frombattle and 17,785 fromdisease).[31][32]
Indiana War Memorial Brief Flag Timeline as Image References
GeneralMcCormick’s Indiana War Memorial 1912 Flag Preservation
 1908-1912, the Flags were hand quilted to a striped Red, White and Blue
linsey-woolsey backing that is visible at the end of the flag in the stripes.
1912, 50 double sided cases or 100 flags were “hermetically sealed” with
calcium permanganate & formaldehyde.
1912 McCormick Flag Preservation
 General McCormick’s wife organized a quilt backing project. 150 flags
were preserved by the McCormick ladies project by quilting the silk or
wool flags to a Red, White and Blue linsey-woolsey fabric backing that is
visible at the end of the flag stripes.
History of Indiana War Memorial Flags
 1912 -1986, The 150 McCormick flags were exhibited in the State House
Rotunda for 74 years hanging between 2 brass rods, within a double-
sided glass flip file exhibit case.
 1986 - 1994, 35 of these flag cases continued to be exhibited beneath the
War Memorial Circle Fountain in downtown Indianapolis.
 1994 - The 70 flags were removed from display and began to be removed
from the old double sided glass cases. The Circle monument restoration
was undertaken. ColonelSweeney’s 1996 Stabilization Project of 450
Flags
 1997- 100 flags had carboncloth tray filters placed to remediate the 1912
gas treatment of permanganate & formaldehyde.
 1996- The flags were laid flat in the 16 state-of the Interior steel powder
coated cabinets that measure 8’ by 8’. There are 12 units with 15 tyvek
aluminum frame trays, and 4 units with 30 trays

 1994-1996 Flag Storage Cabinet Stabilization Project , 450 Indiana
Flags were unfurled, uncased and stabilized so they may be preserved
flat. 8 Steel Cabinets with 15 tyvek and aluminum trays, & 4 Cabinets
with 30 trays were installed.
 1995-2006 Flag Slant Mount Case Exhibitions begin with new cases
Currently 5 are exhibited at the same time, along with 5 reproductions
 2008- 2016 Treatments took place under the direction of GeneralStewart
Goodwin, Indiana War Memorials
WIKI DATA REFERENCES
1) ^ : a b c d e f
William H. H. Terrell (1869).Indiana in the War of the Rebellion:Report of the
Adjutant General of the State of Indiana. 1, Appendix.pp. 4–5.
2) ^ : a b
Other references state that 193,748 white men and 1,537 colored troops from Indiana served
in the Union army. See Emma Lou Thornbrough (1995). Indiana in the Civil War Era, 1850–
1880.History of Indiana III. Indianapolis:Indiana Historical Society.p. 142.ISBN 0-87195-050-
2. See also William F. Fox (1889). Regimental Losses in the American Civil War, 1861–1865.
Albany,NY: Albany Publishing Company.p. 532.
3) ^ Some reference sources state that 1,078 sailors and marines from Indiana served the Union. See
Thornbrough,p. 142, and Fox, p. 532.
4) ^ : a b
Indiana's death toll from the war eventually reached 25,028, roughly 12.6 percent of those
from Indiana who served.See James H. Madison (2014). Hoosiers: A New History of Indiana.
Bloomington and Indianapolis:Indiana University Press and the Indiana Historical Society Press.
p. 153. ISBN 978-0-253-01308-8.See also Thornbrough,pp. 160–61.
5) ^ a b
Terrell, v. 1, Appendix, p. 115. The report explains that its totals, while not "entirely
accurate," were based on the best data available at the time it was prepared.
6) ^ a b c d e f g
Northern Indiana Historical Society. "Indiana History Part 5". Indiana Center for
History. Archived from the original on 2008-03-11.Retrieved 2015-10-23.
7) Northern Indiana Historical Society. "Indiana History Part 5". Indiana Center for History. Archived
from the original on 2008-03-11.Retrieved 2015-10-23.
8) ^ John D. Barnhart (September 1961). "The Impact of the Civil War on Indiana". Indiana Magazine
of History (Bloomington: Indiana University) 57 (3): 186. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
9) ^ Barnhart,p. 191.
10) ^ "United States Census of 1860" (pdf). United States Census Bureau. p. 2. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
11) ^ Joseph A. Parsons, Jr. (March 1958). "Indiana and the Call for Volunteers, April, 1861". Indiana
Magazine of History (Bloomington: Indiana University) 54 (1): 5–7. Retrieved 2015-10-20.
12) ^ : a b Thornbrough, p. 124.
13) ^ Parsons,p.13.
14) ^ David J. Bodenhamer and Robert G. Barrows, eds. (1994). The Encyclopedia of Indianapolis.
Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press. pp. 381–82. ISBN 0-253-31222-1.
15) ^ Parsons,p.21.
16) Kenneth M. Stampp (1949). Indiana Politics During the Civil War. Indiana Historical Collections
31. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Bureau. pp. 77–78. OCLC 952264.
17) "Indiana in the Civil War". Civil War Indiana.com. Archived from the original on March 31, 2008.
Retrieved 2008-05-20.
18) ^ a b Barnhart,p. 221.

19) ^ a b Madison,p. 159.
20) ^ Thornbrough, p. 104.
21) ^ Terrell,v. 1, p. 44.
22) ^ Dyer's summary of Indiana's troops in A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion reports a
total of 152 infantry regiments, but this number includes thirteen Indiana regiments that did not
fully organize,fourteen that formed into cavalry and heavy artillery regiments,and a regiment of
U.S. colored troops.See Fox, pp. 500–04, and Frederick H. Dyer (1908). A Compendium of the
War of the Rebellion: Compiled and Arranged from Official Records of the Federal and
Confederate Armies, Reports of the Adjutant Generals of the Several States, the Army Registers,
and Other Reliable Documents and Sources. Des Moines, IA: Dyer Publishing Company. pp. 22–23,
1158.OCLC 08697590.
23) ^ The 28th, 41st, 45th, 77st, 90st,71st, 119th, 39th, 121st,125th, 126th, 127th, and 131st
Indiana Volunteers were designated as Indiana cavalry regiments 1 through 13, respectively.See
Fox, p. 501–02.
24) ^ Originally formed as the 21stIndiana Infantry Regiment in 1861;it was designed as the 1st
Indiana Heavy Artillery Regiment in 1863. See Terrell, p. 1110.
25) ^ ArvilleFunk,in Hoosiers In The Civil War, incorrectly reports the total number of Indiana
infantry regiments as 126. See Arville L. Funk (1967).Hoosiers In The Civil War. Chicago: Adams
Press. p. 3. ISBN 0-9623292-5-8.
26) ^ a b c d Arville L. Funk (1983) [1969]. A Sketchbook of Indiana History. Rochester, Indiana: Christian
Book Press. pp. 218–220.
27) ^ a b Thornbrough, p. 142.
28) ^ Thornbrough, p. 141.
29) "Indiana's Prominent Civil War Personalities". Civil War Indiana. Archived from the original on
August 14, 2007.Retrieved 2009-04-20.
30) Thornbrough, p. 162.
31) Barnhart,p. 195.
32) ^ a b c d Madison,p. 153.
33) ^ Thornbrough, pp. 160–61.
55 Thornbrough,p.161, andFox,p. 10.
56. Thornbrough,p.126.
57. Thornbroughp.125.
58.^ Terrell,v.2, pp.84–85.
59. ^ Terrell,v.2,pp. 65–66.
60.^ Terrell,v.2, pp.120–22.
61.^ AlanD. Gaff (1996). On Many a BloodyField:FourYearsInThe Iron Brigade.Bloomington:Indiana
UniversityPress.pp.164, 264 –65, 273, and 425–26. ISBN 9780253330635.
62. ^ Fox,p.439.
63.^to: a b Thornbrough,p.161.
64.^ BodenhamerandBarrows,eds.,p.442.
65. Terrell,v.1, p.81, and JamesH. Madison;Lee AnnSandweiss(2014).Hoosiersandthe American
Story.Indianapolis:IndianaHistoricalSocietyPress.pp.100–02. ISBN 978-0-87195-363-6..
66. "Civil WarFact Sheet".PublicBroadcastingService.Retrieved2015-10-16.

Textile Military History, conservation, Flags of Indiana Regiments illustrated with wikipedia

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (20)

Viewers also liked

Viewers also liked (20)

Similar to Textile Military History, conservation, Flags of Indiana Regiments illustrated with wikipedia

Similar to Textile Military History, conservation, Flags of Indiana Regiments illustrated with wikipedia (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Textile Military History, conservation, Flags of Indiana Regiments illustrated with wikipedia