Fiscal policy involves changes to government spending and taxes to influence the economy. The document discusses the types of fiscal policy including expansionary, contractionary, and neutral fiscal policy. Expansionary policy involves increasing spending or decreasing taxes to increase money supply, while contractionary policy does the opposite to reduce money supply and inflation. Fiscal policy aims to achieve long-run growth, full employment and lower prices. However, it faces criticisms like time lags in its effects and potential for increasing budget deficits. The document also examines concepts like the Laffer curve and effects of fiscal policy on unemployment, expansion, and inflation.
This PPT delivered in a Course on Fiscal Decentralization – Organised by World Bank Institute at Khartoum - Sudan from December 14-18, 2008 provides principles of revnue assignment from national governments to sub and sub-sub national governments
KEY TAKE AWAYS
Objectives
Definition
Basic macroeconomic concepts
Types of Macro economic Policy
Monetary Policy
Fiscal Policy
Comparison between Monetary and Fiscal Policy
Features of Macroeconomic Policy
Effect of Macro economic Policy
Importance of Macroeconomic Policy
Weakness of Macroeconomics Policy
Conclusion
This PPT delivered in a Course on Fiscal Decentralization – Organised by World Bank Institute at Khartoum - Sudan from December 14-18, 2008 provides principles of revnue assignment from national governments to sub and sub-sub national governments
KEY TAKE AWAYS
Objectives
Definition
Basic macroeconomic concepts
Types of Macro economic Policy
Monetary Policy
Fiscal Policy
Comparison between Monetary and Fiscal Policy
Features of Macroeconomic Policy
Effect of Macro economic Policy
Importance of Macroeconomic Policy
Weakness of Macroeconomics Policy
Conclusion
Information on Fiscal Policy including that of the impact on AD and the Economics Objectives or Inflation, Economic Growth, Unemployment and Balance of Payments
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
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Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
2. INTRODUCTION
• One major function of the government is to
stabilize the economy (prevent unemployment
or inflation)
• Stabilization can be achieved in part by
manipulating the public budget-government
spending and tax collections-to increase
output and employment or to reduce inflation.
3. What is fiscal policy?
changes in government spending or taxes
to alter the economy.
The fiscal policy is concerned with the
raising of government revenue and
incurring of government expenditure.
To generate revenue and to incur
expenditure, the government frames a
policy called budgetary policy or fiscal
policy.
5. Continue…
• the fiscal policy is concerned with
government expenditure and government
revenue.
6. Fiscal Policy
• The use of government spending and taxation to
promote economy
7. According to Semuelson:
“Fiscal policy is concerned with all those activities which
are adopted by the government to collect revenues and
make the expenditures so that economic stability could
be attained without inflation and deflation”
10. Expansionary Fiscal policy
• Expansionary fiscal policy means that the government is increasing
government spending and reducing taxation in an attempt to increase the
money available in the economy.
G > T
T G
Contractionary Fiscal policy
• Contractionary fiscal policy is when the government increases taxation and
reduces government spending in an attempt to reduce money in the
economy and as a result inflation.
G < T
T G
11. What are examples of
expansionary fiscal policy?
• Increase government
• Spending
• Decrease taxes
• Increase government
• Spending and taxes equally
12. What are examples of
contractionary fiscal policy?
• Decrease government
• Spending
• Increase taxes
• Decrease government
• Spending and taxes equally
13. Main Objectives of
Fiscal Policy In India
• Development by effective Mobilisation of
Resources
• Efficient allocation of Financial Resources
• Reduction in inequalities of Income and
Wealth
• Price Stability and Control of Inflation
• Employment Generation
14. • Balanced Regional Development
• Reducing the Deficit in the Balance
of Payment
• Increasing National Income
• Foreign Exchange Earnings
15. What is the purpose
of fiscal policies?
To achieve long-run growth in output, full
employment, and a lower price level
16. • There are mainly three types of fiscal
measures,
• A) Taxes
• B) Public expenditure - public borrowing
Measures of fiscal policy
17. Criticisms of Fiscal Policy
Disincentives of Tax Cuts.
Side Effects on Public Spending.
Poor Information
Time Lags.
Budget Deficit
Other Components of AD
20. Will an increase in taxes
lead to highergovernment revenues?
Laffer Curve
The idea that increasing taxes from zero will
increase tax revenues up to a certain point.
21. Side Effects on Public
Spending.
• Reduced govt. spending to Increase
AD could adversely effect public
services such as public transport
and education causing market
failure and social inefficiency.
