in this slideshow , the generally there are 10 planning of principle which make every planning more effective and every plan as efficient .it is the general and short points but in really this small principle are the backbone of every planning and make it successful
Budgeting is a process of looking at a business estimated incomes and expenditures over a specific period in the future. It allows a business to see if they will be able to continue operating at their expected level with these projected incomes and expenditures
in this slideshow , the generally there are 10 planning of principle which make every planning more effective and every plan as efficient .it is the general and short points but in really this small principle are the backbone of every planning and make it successful
Budgeting is a process of looking at a business estimated incomes and expenditures over a specific period in the future. It allows a business to see if they will be able to continue operating at their expected level with these projected incomes and expenditures
Quick guide for small and mid sized Non-governmental Organizations' (NGOs'), Civil Society Organizations' (CSOs'), Community Based Organizations (CBOs'), Charities & Causes
This Slide is Prepare for B.Sc. Nursing Students. Which help to Understand Budgeting Process in Simple Language.
Content:
01. Meaning
02. Summary
03. Purposes
04. Characteristics
05. Features
06. Principles
07. Importance of Budget
08. Types of Budget
09. Budgeting Method
10. Advantages
11. Disadvantages
12. Preparing Budget Estimate
13. Role of Nurse Manager
budgeting required in nursing
DEFINITION: Budgeting is an operational plan, for a definite period usually a year. Expressed in financial terms and based on the expected income and expenditure. Or Budgeting is a concrete precise picture of the total operation of an enterprise in monetary terms. By: H.M. Donovan
3. PURPOSE OF BUDGETING: Mechanism for translating fiscal objectives into projected monthly spending pattern. Enhances fiscal planning and decision making. Clearly recognizes controllable and uncontrollable cost areas.
4. Offers a useful format for communicating fiscal objectives. Allows feedback of utilization of budget. Helps to identify problem areas and facilitates effective solution. Provides means for measuring and recording financial success with objectives of organization.
5. PERQUISITES OF BUDGETING: ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE: Need a sound organizational structure with clear line of authority and responsibility. NON-MONETARY STATISTICAL DATA: Such as number of admissions, average length of stay, percentage of occupancy and number of patient’s days. Used for planning and budgetary process
Introduction to financial planning
Meaning of financial planning
Definition of financial planning
Meaning of Financial Plan
Objectives of financial planning
Essentials/Characteristics of a sound financial plan
Considerations in formulating financial plan
Steps in financial planning
Limitations of financial planning
Quick guide for small and mid sized Non-governmental Organizations' (NGOs'), Civil Society Organizations' (CSOs'), Community Based Organizations (CBOs'), Charities & Causes
This Slide is Prepare for B.Sc. Nursing Students. Which help to Understand Budgeting Process in Simple Language.
Content:
01. Meaning
02. Summary
03. Purposes
04. Characteristics
05. Features
06. Principles
07. Importance of Budget
08. Types of Budget
09. Budgeting Method
10. Advantages
11. Disadvantages
12. Preparing Budget Estimate
13. Role of Nurse Manager
budgeting required in nursing
DEFINITION: Budgeting is an operational plan, for a definite period usually a year. Expressed in financial terms and based on the expected income and expenditure. Or Budgeting is a concrete precise picture of the total operation of an enterprise in monetary terms. By: H.M. Donovan
3. PURPOSE OF BUDGETING: Mechanism for translating fiscal objectives into projected monthly spending pattern. Enhances fiscal planning and decision making. Clearly recognizes controllable and uncontrollable cost areas.
4. Offers a useful format for communicating fiscal objectives. Allows feedback of utilization of budget. Helps to identify problem areas and facilitates effective solution. Provides means for measuring and recording financial success with objectives of organization.
5. PERQUISITES OF BUDGETING: ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE: Need a sound organizational structure with clear line of authority and responsibility. NON-MONETARY STATISTICAL DATA: Such as number of admissions, average length of stay, percentage of occupancy and number of patient’s days. Used for planning and budgetary process
Introduction to financial planning
Meaning of financial planning
Definition of financial planning
Meaning of Financial Plan
Objectives of financial planning
Essentials/Characteristics of a sound financial plan
Considerations in formulating financial plan
Steps in financial planning
Limitations of financial planning
Budget is the heart of administrative management. It served as a powerful tool of co-ordination and negatively an effective device of eliminating duplicating and wastage. Budgeting, though primarily recognized as a device for controlling, becomes a major part of the planning process in any organization
Introduction of financial management with detailed information of scope and objectives of financial management..
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concept of health & Illness, health illness continum, prevention and its levels, body defence, health care team, health care delivery system, health care agencies
How many patients does case series should have In comparison to case reports.pdfpubrica101
Pubrica’s team of researchers and writers create scientific and medical research articles, which may be important resources for authors and practitioners. Pubrica medical writers assist you in creating and revising the introduction by alerting the reader to gaps in the chosen study subject. Our professionals understand the order in which the hypothesis topic is followed by the broad subject, the issue, and the backdrop.
https://pubrica.com/academy/case-study-or-series/how-many-patients-does-case-series-should-have-in-comparison-to-case-reports/
Medical Technology Tackles New Health Care Demand - Research Report - March 2...pchutichetpong
M Capital Group (“MCG”) predicts that with, against, despite, and even without the global pandemic, the medical technology (MedTech) industry shows signs of continuous healthy growth, driven by smaller, faster, and cheaper devices, growing demand for home-based applications, technological innovation, strategic acquisitions, investments, and SPAC listings. MCG predicts that this should reflects itself in annual growth of over 6%, well beyond 2028.
According to Chris Mouchabhani, Managing Partner at M Capital Group, “Despite all economic scenarios that one may consider, beyond overall economic shocks, medical technology should remain one of the most promising and robust sectors over the short to medium term and well beyond 2028.”
There is a movement towards home-based care for the elderly, next generation scanning and MRI devices, wearable technology, artificial intelligence incorporation, and online connectivity. Experts also see a focus on predictive, preventive, personalized, participatory, and precision medicine, with rising levels of integration of home care and technological innovation.
The average cost of treatment has been rising across the board, creating additional financial burdens to governments, healthcare providers and insurance companies. According to MCG, cost-per-inpatient-stay in the United States alone rose on average annually by over 13% between 2014 to 2021, leading MedTech to focus research efforts on optimized medical equipment at lower price points, whilst emphasizing portability and ease of use. Namely, 46% of the 1,008 medical technology companies in the 2021 MedTech Innovator (“MTI”) database are focusing on prevention, wellness, detection, or diagnosis, signaling a clear push for preventive care to also tackle costs.
In addition, there has also been a lasting impact on consumer and medical demand for home care, supported by the pandemic. Lockdowns, closure of care facilities, and healthcare systems subjected to capacity pressure, accelerated demand away from traditional inpatient care. Now, outpatient care solutions are driving industry production, with nearly 70% of recent diagnostics start-up companies producing products in areas such as ambulatory clinics, at-home care, and self-administered diagnostics.
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair A New Horizon in Nephrology.pptxR3 Stem Cell
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair: A New Horizon in Nephrology" explores groundbreaking advancements in the use of R3 stem cells for kidney disease treatment. This insightful piece delves into the potential of these cells to regenerate damaged kidney tissue, offering new hope for patients and reshaping the future of nephrology.
Defecation
Normal defecation begins with movement in the left colon, moving stool toward the anus. When stool reaches the rectum, the distention causes relaxation of the internal sphincter and an awareness of the need to defecate. At the time of defecation, the external sphincter relaxes, and abdominal muscles contract, increasing intrarectal pressure and forcing the stool out
The Valsalva maneuver exerts pressure to expel faeces through a voluntary contraction of the abdominal muscles while maintaining forced expiration against a closed airway. Patients with cardiovascular disease, glaucoma, increased intracranial pressure, or a new surgical wound are at greater risk for cardiac dysrhythmias and elevated blood pressure with the Valsalva maneuver and need to avoid straining to pass the stool.
Normal defecation is painless, resulting in passage of soft, formed stool
CONSTIPATION
Constipation is a symptom, not a disease. Improper diet, reduced fluid intake, lack of exercise, and certain medications can cause constipation. For example, patients receiving opiates for pain after surgery often require a stool softener or laxative to prevent constipation. The signs of constipation include infrequent bowel movements (less than every 3 days), difficulty passing stools, excessive straining, inability to defecate at will, and hard feaces
IMPACTION
Fecal impaction results from unrelieved constipation. It is a collection of hardened feces wedged in the rectum that a person cannot expel. In cases of severe impaction the mass extends up into the sigmoid colon.
DIARRHEA
Diarrhea is an increase in the number of stools and the passage of liquid, unformed feces. It is associated with disorders affecting digestion, absorption, and secretion in the GI tract. Intestinal contents pass through the small and large intestine too quickly to allow for the usual absorption of fluid and nutrients. Irritation within the colon results in increased mucus secretion. As a result, feces become watery, and the patient is unable to control the urge to defecate. Normally an anal bag is safe and effective in long-term treatment of patients with fecal incontinence at home, in hospice, or in the hospital. Fecal incontinence is expensive and a potentially dangerous condition in terms of contamination and risk of skin ulceration
HEMORRHOIDS
Hemorrhoids are dilated, engorged veins in the lining of the rectum. They are either external or internal.
FLATULENCE
As gas accumulates in the lumen of the intestines, the bowel wall stretches and distends (flatulence). It is a common cause of abdominal fullness, pain, and cramping. Normally intestinal gas escapes through the mouth (belching) or the anus (passing of flatus)
FECAL INCONTINENCE
Fecal incontinence is the inability to control passage of feces and gas from the anus. Incontinence harms a patient’s body image
PREPARATION AND GIVING OF LAXATIVESACCORDING TO POTTER AND PERRY,
An enema is the instillation of a solution into the rectum and sig
Antibiotic Stewardship by Anushri Srivastava.pptxAnushriSrivastav
Stewardship is the act of taking good care of something.
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
WHO launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) in 2015 to fill knowledge gaps and inform strategies at all levels.
ACCORDING TO apic.org,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
ACCORDING TO pewtrusts.org,
Antibiotic stewardship refers to efforts in doctors’ offices, hospitals, long term care facilities, and other health care settings to ensure that antibiotics are used only when necessary and appropriate
According to WHO,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a systematic approach to educate and support health care professionals to follow evidence-based guidelines for prescribing and administering antimicrobials
In 1996, John McGowan and Dale Gerding first applied the term antimicrobial stewardship, where they suggested a causal association between antimicrobial agent use and resistance. They also focused on the urgency of large-scale controlled trials of antimicrobial-use regulation employing sophisticated epidemiologic methods, molecular typing, and precise resistance mechanism analysis.
Antimicrobial Stewardship(AMS) refers to the optimal selection, dosing, and duration of antimicrobial treatment resulting in the best clinical outcome with minimal side effects to the patients and minimal impact on subsequent resistance.
According to the 2019 report, in the US, more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur each year, and more than 35000 people die. In addition to this, it also mentioned that 223,900 cases of Clostridoides difficile occurred in 2017, of which 12800 people died. The report did not include viruses or parasites
VISION
Being proactive
Supporting optimal animal and human health
Exploring ways to reduce overall use of antimicrobials
Using the drugs that prevent and treat disease by killing microscopic organisms in a responsible way
GOAL
to prevent the generation and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Doing so will preserve the effectiveness of these drugs in animals and humans for years to come.
being to preserve human and animal health and the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications.
to implement a multidisciplinary approach in assembling a stewardship team to include an infectious disease physician, a clinical pharmacist with infectious diseases training, infection preventionist, and a close collaboration with the staff in the clinical microbiology laboratory
to prevent antimicrobial overuse, misuse and abuse.
to minimize the developme
India Clinical Trials Market: Industry Size and Growth Trends [2030] Analyzed...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, "India Clinical Trials Market- By Region, Competition, Forecast & Opportunities, 2030F," the India Clinical Trials Market was valued at USD 2.05 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.64% through 2030. The market is driven by a variety of factors, making India an attractive destination for pharmaceutical companies and researchers. India's vast and diverse patient population, cost-effective operational environment, and a large pool of skilled medical professionals contribute significantly to the market's growth. Additionally, increasing government support in streamlining regulations and the growing prevalence of lifestyle diseases further propel the clinical trials market.
Growing Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases
The rising incidence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer is a major trend driving the clinical trials market in India. These conditions necessitate the development and testing of new treatment methods, creating a robust demand for clinical trials. The increasing burden of these diseases highlights the need for innovative therapies and underscores the importance of India as a key player in global clinical research.
Navigating Challenges: Mental Health, Legislation, and the Prison System in B...Guillermo Rivera
This conference will delve into the intricate intersections between mental health, legal frameworks, and the prison system in Bolivia. It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current challenges faced by mental health professionals working within the legislative and correctional landscapes. Topics of discussion will include the prevalence and impact of mental health issues among the incarcerated population, the effectiveness of existing mental health policies and legislation, and potential reforms to enhance the mental health support system within prisons.
2. FINANCIAL, FISCAL AND
MONETARY
• Financial : relating to finance, which is the
commercial activity of providing funds and capital,
or to put it the other way, the ways in which
individuals and organizations raise money.
• Fiscal : relating to financial matters, especially
government tax revenues and government
expenditure and debt.
• Monetary : relating to the money supply: the
amount of money in circulation, its rate of growth
and interest rates.
3. FINANCIAL
MANAGEMENT/ADMNISTRATIO
N
Financial Management means planning,
organizing, directing and controlling the financial
activities such as procurement and utilization of
funds of the enterprise. It means applying general
management principles to financial resources of
the enterprise.
4. Financial administration consists of all
those operations, the object of which is to
make funds/money available for the
organizational activities and to ensure the
lawful and efficient use of these funds in
order to achieve the organizational goals
and objectives.
5. DEFINITION
Financial management is chiefly
concerned with maximizing the wealth of
owners through wise and rational investment
of funds. It involves the application of general
management principles to a particular
financial operation.
- Harward and Upton
6. Financial management is concerned with
raising the financial resources and their
utilization towards achieving the organizational
goals.
- SN Maheshwary
It is the process of putting the available funds
to the best advantage from the long term point
of view of business objectives.
- Richard A Brealey
7.
8.
9. OBJECTIVES OF FISCAL
PLANNING
To determine capital requirements
depend upon factors like cost of current and fixed
assets, promotional expenses and long range
planning.
looked with both aspects: short-term and long-term
requirements.
To determine capital structure
composition of capital, i.e. the relative kind and
proportion of capital required in the business. This
includes decisions of debt-equity ratio both short-
term and long-term..
10. To frame financial policies
• In fiscal planning the policies are framed with
regards to cash control, lending, borrowings, etc.
To utilize financial resources adequately
• This is to ensure that the scarce financial
resources are maximally utilized in the best
possible manner at least cost in order to get
maximum returns on investment.
11. IMPORTANCE OF FISCAL
PLANNING
Ensures provision of adequate funds to meet day to
day requirements of the organization as well as its
future expansion.
Ensures timely availability of funds.
Provides policies, procedures and plans.
Helps in ensuring a reasonable balance between
outflow and inflow of funds so that stability is
maintained.
Ensures that the suppliers of funds are easily
investing in organization which exercise financial
planning
12. Helps in making growth and expansion
programmes.
Reduces uncertainties with regards to changing
trends which can be faced easily through enough
funds.
Helps in ensuring stability and profitability in
concern.
Provides sound financial control and thus seeks to
eliminate waste of funds.
Guides for proper and fuller utilization of available
resources.
14. FACTORS AFFECTING
FINANCIAL PLANNING
• Objectives:
Should be made in light of organizational
objectives
• Requirements of organization:
The financial plan should be based on the
present and future requirements of the
organization.
•
15. • Economy:
The capital structure should be such that there
should be a balance between the cost of the funds
and services to be determined.
• Flexibility:
Financial planning should be such that it ensures
flexibility to utilize the funds into more profitable
manner.
17. DEFINITIONS
A budget is a tool for planning, quantifying the plans
and controlling costs.
- Flinker, 1984
A budget is a plan that uses numerical data to
predict the activities of an organization over a
period of time and it provides a mechanism for
planning each unit’s needs and contributions.
- carruth, carruth & Noto, 2000
19. BUDGET ESTIMATE
• Financial planning responsibilities need to be
identified before budget preparation begins.
• The governing board, administrator, budget
director, steering committee, and department
heads are often involved in the budgetary
process.
The governing body is responsible for the
general planning function. It selects the budget
steering committee, determines the budgetary
objectives, and reviews and approves the
master budget.
20. The administrator is responsible for the formulation
and execution of the budget, by correlating the
governing board’s goals with the guidelines for
budget preparation and supervising the budget
preparation.
The budget director is responsible for the budgeting
procedures and reporting. He or she establishes a
completion timetable, has forms prepared, and
supervises data collection and budget preparation.
The budget director serves as the chairperson of the
steering committee, which approves the budget
before it is submitted to the governing board.
21. Department heads prepare and review goals
and objectives and prepare the budgets for their
departments. Departmental budgets need to be
prepared and coordinated. During this phase,
units of service, staffing patterns, salary and
non-salary expenses and revenues are
forecasted so that preliminary rate setting can
be done.