The document summarizes the nervous system response to exercise. It describes the central and peripheral nervous systems, including their components and functions. It explains how exercise impacts the nervous system in both short and long-term ways by enhancing neurotransmitters and pathways for oxygen. Regular exercise is shown to lower sympathetic nervous system activity and encourage parasympathetic activity. The benefits of exercise on the nervous system include neurological development, neuroplasticity, coordination, mood regulation, improved sleep, enhanced immune function, and reduced stress/anxiety.

1. INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT
OF THE COURSE EXERCISE
PHYSIOLOGY
BY; ABDETA BIRHANU

2. NERVOUS SYSTEM
RESPONSE TO
EXERCISE

5.  The nervous system is the major
controlling, regulatory, and
communicating system in the body. This
system sends messages back and forth
between the brain and the body.
 It is the center of all mental activity
including thought, learning, and memory.
 Together with the endocrine system, the
nervous system is responsible for
regulating and maintaining homeostasis.

6. 1. Sensory
2. Integrative
3. Motor

7.  Sensory input comes from the many
sensory receptors that monitor
changes occurring both inside and
outside the body.
 The total sum of the information
gathered by these receptors is called
sensory input.

8.  At a more integrative level, the primary
function of the nervous system is to
control and communicate information
throughout the body.
 It does this by extracting information
from the environment using sensory
receptors.

9.  Once the response is activated, the
nervous system sends signals via
motor output to muscles or glands to
initiate the response.

10.  The central nervous system and
 The peripheral nervous system.
They have two different purposes but
work in collaboration together.

11.  The brain, the spinal cord, and
the nerves of the body, make up
the central nervous system.
 This system controls the majority
of the functions of both the body
and the mind.

12. The brain
 The brain is made up of different parts.
These include the cerebrum, the
cerebellum, the thalamus, the
hypothalamus and the brainstem.
 It controls intelligence, memory,
personality, emotion, speech, and ability
to feel and move.

13. The spinal cord
 Is an extension of the brain.
 It carries messages to and from the brain
via the network of peripheral nerves
connected to it.
Nerves
 Also connect the spinal cord to a part of
the brain called the brainstem.

14.  The peripheral nervous system is made up
of all of the nerves and nerve cells that are
external to the central nervous system.
 The function of the peripheral nervous
system is to relay information from the
central nervous system to the rest of the
body, and from the body back to the
central nervous system.

16. 1. Autonomic nervous system (ANS):
Controls involuntary bodily functions and
regulates glands.
 Certain essential processes in the body are
regulated by the autonomic nervous
system, such as blood pressure and the
rate at which we breathe.
 Somatic nervous system (SNS): Controls
muscle movement and relays information
from ears, eyes and skin to the CNS.

17.  The sympathetic nervous system activates
what is often known as the fight or flight
response. This basically refers to how the
body deals with stressful situations .
 The parasympathetic nervous system, on
the other hand, is referred to as the rest
and digest system. It helps the body to
conserve energy by slowing the heart rate,
increasing gland activity, and relaxing the
muscles.

18.  Nerves are collections of specialized cells
known as neurons.
 The nerves carry signals from one area of
the body to another.
 There are three different types of neuron,
and each has a unique function of its own.
A. Sensory neurons,
B. Relay neurons, and
C. Motor neurons

19.  Sensory neurons take signals to the brain
and the spinal cord all the way from our
sensory receptors.
 The sensory receptors are cells in the
body that can detect changes in the
external environment, prompting them to
send electrical impulses to the relevant
area for a response.

20. Relay Neurons
 The relay neurons are responsible for
carrying messages from different parts
of the central nervous system to
another.
Motor Neurons
 Motor neurons are responsible for
taking messages from the central
nervous system to the parts of the body
that need to receive that signal, such as
muscles or glands.

23.  Recovery advantages to those who
have had their motor functions
affected by illness or injury.
 The short-term effects of exercise on
the nervous system are primarily in
relation to the neurotransmitters.
• Signals are sent through the neutrons
in the brain and hereby the potential
to retain information begins to
develop.

24.  The long-term effects are more concerned
with how pathways for oxygen are
enhanced, and how muscle growth is
stimulated.
• Aerobic exercise is thought to be the most
beneficial type of exercise.
• Fantastic aerobic exercises to try are
running, cycling, rowing, swimming, and
jumping rope.
 However, regular physical exercise is
shown to lower activity of the sympathetic
nervous system, and encourages activity
of the parasympathetic nervous system
instead.

25. 1. Required for Neurological Development
2. Neuroplasticity
3. Coordination and Spatial Orientation
5. Mood Regulation and Self Confidence
6. Improves Sleep and Brain Toxin Removal
7. Enhances Immune Function
8. Lowers and Improves Resilience towards
Stress, Tension and Anxiety

26.  Get a Good Mix of Exercise Types
 Exercise as Regularly as Possible,
For as Long as Possible
 Try NotA To Overdo It
 Avoid Exercise 1 Hour Before Bed
Time

27. Conclusion
 Regular exercise is vital for health
and well-being.
 This is especially true of the
cardiovascular system and the
nervous system, which are
enhanced the most by the benefits
of exercise.

28. References
1) https://www.livescience.com/22665-
nervous-system.html
AUTONOMIC CELLS EXERCISE FITNESS NERV
ES NERVOUS SYSTEM NEURONS SOMATIC
2) Top doctors Sports Physiology Available
from: https://www.topdoctors.co.uk/medi
cal-dictionary/sport-physiology (accessed
26.3.2021)

29. 3) Meeusen R, DeMeirlier K: Exercise
and brain neurotransmission.Sports
Med 1995, 20:160–188.
Cited Here
4) Groves PM, Rebec GV: Organization
of the nervous system.Introduction to
Biological Psychology, edn

30. 3) Meeusen R, DeMeirlier K: Exercise
and brain neurotransmission.Sports
Med 1995, 20:160–188.
Cited Here
4) Groves PM, Rebec GV: Organization
of the nervous system.Introduction to
Biological Psychology, edn