1. 1
SUMMER INTERNSHIP REPORT
2014
SUSOM DUTTA
B-Tech CIVIL ENGINEERING
Registration No.- 12BCL0037
Internship Period- 2nd
June 2014 – 1st
July 2014
SUMMER INTERNSHIP 2014

2. 2
LARSEN & TOUBRO CONSTRUCTION
BUILDINGS & FACTORIES
B-Tech CIVIL ENGINEERING
SUBMITTED BY
SUSOM DUTTA
VELLORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
(VIT UNIVERSITY)
VELLORE

3. 3
Declaration
I hereby declare that work entitled “Summer Internship Program 2014” ,
submitted towards completion of summer training after 2nd
year of B.Tech (Civil)
at Larsen & Toubro Construction, Buildings & Factories Independent Company (
L&T Construction , B&F ), Kolkata , comprises of my original work pursued
under the guidance of Mr. Subrata Dutta, Project Manager.
The results embodied in this report have not been submitted to any other Institute
or University for an award.
SUSOM DUTTA
12BCL0037
KOLKATA
Date:- 2nd
July 2014

4. 4
Acknowledgements
A summer project is a golden opportunity for learning and self-development. I
consider myself very lucky and honored to have so many wonderful people, lead me
through, in completing of this project.
My grateful thanks to Mr. Subrata Dutta, Project Manager who in spite of being
extraordinarily busy with his duties, took time out to hear, guide and keep me on the
correct path. I do not know where I would have been without him. A humble ‘Thank
you’ Sir.
I would like to thank Mr. Dhrubajyoti Majumdar / Ms Soumita Patra for all the
help rendered. Thank you, Dear Sir/Madam.
I would like to thank Mr. M.B Thakur, Mr. Debraj Roy, Mr. Amarendra Kar, Mr.
Kaushik Bera, Mr. Haradhan Maity, Mr. Anupam Ghatak, Mr. Anupam Das Gupta,
Mr. Tapan Mistri, Mr. Suman, Mr.P V Bhaskar, Mr. Akash, , Mr. Satish for their
efforts & illustration and help provided to me to get such an excellent opportunity.
Last but not the least there were so many who shared valuable information that helped
in the successful completion of this project.
Name: Susom Dutta
Date: 2nd
July 2014

5. 5
INDEX
Declaration………………………………………………03
Acknowledgement ………………………………….04
Introduction
L&T ………………………………………………06
Vision & Policy …………………………………09
Atmosphere Project …………..……………….14
Orientation
Safety …………………………………………..18
Planning ………………………………………..20
Time Office ………………………………….22
Project Management ……………………………23
Quality Management System ………………………25
Execution ………………………………….32
Survey ……………………………………..32
Reinforcements …………………………………..32
Formwork …………………………………..32
P&M ……………………………………………….35
Blocks Used …………………………………..37
Sky Bridge …………………………………………38
Things Learnt …………………………………..30
Conclusion …………………………………………41

6. 6
INTRODUCTION
ABOUT THE ORGANISATION
Larsen & Toubro Limited is the biggest legacy of two Danish Engineers, who built a
world-class organization that is professionally managed and a leader in India's
engineering and construction industry. It was the business of cement that brought the
young Henning Holck-Larsen and S.K. Toubro into India. They arrived on Indian
shores as representatives of the Danish engineering firm F L Smidth & Co in
connection with the merger of cement companies that later grouped into the
Associated Cement Companies.
Together, Holck-Larsen and Toubro, founded the partnership firm of L&T in 1938,
which was converted into a limited company on February 7, 1946. Today, this has
metamorphosed into one of India's biggest success stories. The company has grown
from humble origins to a large conglomerate spanning engineering and construction.
Larsen & Toubro Construction is India’s largest construction organisation. Many of
the country's prized landmarks - its exquisite buildings, tallest structures, largest
industrial projects, longest flyover, and highest viaducts - have been built by it.
Leading-edge capabilities cover every discipline of construction: civil, mechanical,
electrical and instrumentation.
L&T Construction has the resources to execute projects of large magnitude and
technological complexity in any part of the world. The business of L&T Construction
is organized in six business sectors which will primarily be responsible for
Technology Development, Business Development, International Tendering and work
as Investment Centres. Head quarters in Chennai, India. In India, 7 Regional Offices
and over 250 project sites. In overseas it has offices in Gulf and other overseas
locations.
L&T Construction’s cutting edge capabilities cover every discipline of construction –
civil, mechanical, electrical and instrumentation engineering and services extend to
large industrial and infrastructure projects from concept to commissioning.
L&T Construction has played a prominent role in India’s industrial and infrastructure
development by executing several projects across length and breadth of the country
and abroad. For ease of operations and better project management, in-depth
technology and business development as well as to focus attention on domestic and
international project execution, entire operation of L&T Construction is structured
into four Independent Companies.
• Hydrocarbon IC
• Buildings & Factories IC
• Infrastructure IC
• Metallurgical & Material Handling IC

7. 7
• Power Transmission & Distribution
• Heavy Engineering
• Shipbuilding
• Power
• Electrical & Automation
• Machinery & Industrial Product
BUILDING & FACTORIES
The Buildings & Factories Independent Company is equipped with the domain
knowledge, requisite expertise and wide-ranging experience to undertake
Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) of all types of building and factory
structures.
• Commercial Buildings & Airports
• Residential Buildings & Factories
RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS & FACTORIES
L&T undertakes turnkey construction of a wide range of residential buildings and
factory structures. Projects are executed using the cutting edge technology,
sophisticated construction equipment and project management tools for quality, safety
and speed.
• Residential Building
• Factories
FACTORIES
L&T offers design and turnkey construction of heavy and light factories, cement &
plants including Defence Projects using the latest construction technology, with a
focus on Quality, Safety and Speed. The spectrum covers
• Heavy & Light Factories (HLF) –Automobile & Ancillary Factories, Glass
plants, Food processing Factories, Pharmaceutical plants, Warehouses &
Logistics Parks, Workshop Complexes, Solar thin film manufacturing units,
etc.
• Cement & Plants (C&P) – Cement Plants, Sugar Plants, Distillery Plants,
Food Grain storage structures, Pulp & Paper Mills, Textile Mills etc.
• Defence – Construction of Manufacturing Facilities and Warehouse Facilities
for Defence.

8. 8
SERVICE SPECTRUM
L&T Construction’s range of services includes:
• Pre-engineering, feasibility studies and detailed project reports.
• Complete civil and structural construction services for all types of buildings,
industrial and infrastructure projects.
• Complete mechanical system engineering including fabrication and erection of
structural steel works; manufacture, supply, erection, testing and
commissioning of plant and equipment; heavy lift erection; high-pressure
piping; fire-fighting; HVAC and LP/ utility piping networks.
• Electrical system design, project electrification, automation and control system
including instrumentation for all type of industrial and telecom projects.
• Design, manufacture, supply and installation of EHV switchyards,
transmission lines.

9. 9
QUALITY POLICY
At L&T, Environment, Health & Safety (EHS) is given the highest priority. The EHS
policy enunciated by the Corporate Management lays emphasis on Environment,
Health and Safety through a structured approach and well defined practices. Systems
and procedures have been established for implementing the requisites at all stages of
construction and they are accredited to the International standards of ISO 9001:2008,
ISO 14001:2004 and OHSAS 18001:2007.

10. 10
HEALTH SAFTEY AND ENVIRONMENTAL
POLICY

11. 11
HR POLICY

12. 12
WORK CULTURE
Work Culture emphasises:
• Freedom to experiment
• Continuous learning and training
• Transparency
• Quality in all aspects of work
• Rewards based on performance and potential
TRAINING
Human Resources Department believes that Quality is the hallmark of any successful
venture. Quality Training and Development of Human Resources is realized through:
Identifying training needs within the Organization and designing and implementing
those need based training programs to bring about continuous up-gradation of
knowledge, skills and employee attitudes.
VISION & MISSION
VISION
L&T shall be professionally managed Indian multinational committed to total
customer satisfaction and enhancing shareholder value. L&T shall be an innovative
entrepreneurial and empowered team constantly creating value and attaining global
benchmarks. L&T shall foster a culture of caring trust and continuous learning while
meeting expectations of employees, stakeholders and society.

13. 13
MISSION
To achieve excellence in the field of Engineering, Procurement and Construction
through world class practice and standards in quality, Safety and Project
Management.

14. 14
PROPOSED – PROJECT
ATMOSPHERE PROJECT, E.M. BYPASS
KOLKATA

15. 15
BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF PROJECT
“Atmosphere,” is a 550-crore luxury residential condominium project whose most
picturesque feature is “Deya,” (means cloud in Bengali), a structure joining the twin
towers of the building. Designed by the Singapore based Arc Studio, it is like a
hanging sculpture at a height of 500 feet. Deya will be 320 feet in width, with 55,000
square feet of usable space and will have a silver lining featuring 15,000 kinetic discs
on its surface to keep it glowing. It will take approximately INR 100 crores to build
just this structure. Upon construction, it will also become one of the most expensive
clubs in India, featuring several swimming pools, a gym, a spa, a few squash courts
and a badminton court, a meandering jogging track, a mini cinema theatre, open-air
party deck, an amphitheater, and multiple lounges and spaces for smaller gatherings.
Only 80 families will get to live in this magnificent condominium.
Forum Group has announced its decision to give Kolkata, and India, a new icon – a
sculpture in the sky. Christened ATMOSPHERE, this luxury residential condominium
project will consist of two tall towers; hanging between them, at a height of 500 feet, is
‘Deya’, an iconic piece of public art that will also house an exclusive club for the
residents of Atmosphere. Spanning more than 320 feet in width, 55,000 sqft in usable
space, Deya will be amorphous in shape, sculpted as if a cloud was gently floating
between the peaks of the two towers.
SITE LOCATION
“ATMOSPHERE PROJECT”
Proposed High rise condominium
(Residential building) on 3 Acres –
At plot no. 1001/A,
Eastern Metropolitan Bye
Pass, ward no.-066
NEAR SCIENCE CITY,
KOLKATA -700046

16. 16
THE PROJECT DETAILS
Name of Project: Atmosphere, A high rise condominium, Kolkata
CLIENT : Forum Projects Pvt. Ltd.
Principle Structural Consultant : Web Structures, Singapore
Structural Engineering Consultant : M.N. Consultants PVT. LTD., Kolkata
Design Architect : Arc Studio, Singapore
Executive Architect : Edifice Consultants PVT. LTD.
Principle & Main Civil Contractor : Larsen and Toubro Limited.
Type of Contract : Item Rate
Building : High rise residential Condominium
Original Contract Value : 147.76 Crore
Revised Contract Value : 230.06 Crore
Location : Atmosphere, 1001/A, E. M. Bypass,
Near Science City, Kolkata
Project Start Date : 6th
May, 2011
Project Completion Date : 15th
March, 2015
Built-up area : 46,123m2
No. of Towers & Floors : 2 Towers of 38 floors each

17. 17
SCOPE OF WORK
ITEM DESCRIPTION UOM QTY
PILING WORK RM 22750
EARTH WORK CUM 31600
REINFORCED CEMENT
CONCRETE
CUM 59830
FORMWORK SQM 202700
REINFORCEMENT MT 6510
SHORING SQM 1800
MASONRY WORKS CUM 2823
STRUCTURAL STEEL WORK MT 1702
PLASTERING WORKS SQM 192663
WATER PROOFING SQM 14380
TOTAL

18. 18
SAFETY
Safety is very important and it should be insured at the very begining of work. There
is no work, which is more important than safety. Work must be done but safety
should be insured first.
“Accident brings teAr but
Safety brings cheers”

19. 19
Safety stuffs & precaution at Atmosphere project site
SAFETY HELMET
SAFETY BELT
ROPE GRAB FALL ARRESTOR
SAFETY SHOES
RESPIRATOR SAFETY NET

20. 20
PLANNING
Construction planning is a fundamental and challenging activity in the management
and execution of construction projects. It involves the choice of technology, the
definition of work tasks, the estimation of the required resources and durations for
individual tasks, and the identification of any interactions among the different work
tasks. A good construction plan is the basis for developing the budget and the schedule
for work. Developing the construction plan is a critical task in the management of
construction, even if the plan is not written or otherwise formally recorded. In addition
to these technical aspects of construction planning, it may also be necessary to make
organizational decisions about the relationships between project participants and even,
which organizations to include in a project.
Planning department in L&T uses Microsoft Project as a powering tool for reducing
risk. Microsoft Project gives efficiency to plan a project, identify the resources
required and identify the tasks required in a sequence, increasing probability of
delivery of the project to the time, cost and quality objectives. Microsoft Project gives
a powerful, visually enhanced way to effectively manage a wide range of projects and
programs.
The key to a successful project is in planning. Planning is the first thing when
undertaking a project. The value of project planning
 saving money
 saving time
 saving many direct and indirect problems
L&T uses MPCS (MANAGEMENT PLANNING AND CONTROL SYSTEM) for
effective monitoring of planning activities / schedules
o S0 – Schedule of work ( Time )
o S1 – Schedule of Invoice ( Money )
o S2 – Milestone schedule (Time )
o S3 – P&M schedule ( P&M )
o S4 – Schedule of Staff ( Supervision )
o S5 – Schedule of Labour ( Labour )
o S6 – Material schedule ( Material )
o S7 – Schedule of Special Agency ( Cost )
o S8 – Schedule of Direct Cost ( Cost )
o S9 – Schedule of Indirect Cost ( Cost )
o S10 – Schedule of Fund ( Cash inflow / outflow )

21. 21
Essential elements for project planning
o Aim of project- What is the end product
o Outputs – what do we actually need to get there?; need to be clearly defined
o Quality criteria – what quality the outputs need to be of?
o Resources – include staff time, particular knowledge or skill sets, money,
time
o Management structure – how are we going to manage the work?; Decision
makers?; How to share project progress and to whom?
o Milestones – how to break up the project? ; break up the project into series of
tasks. A defined milestone will help to identify when each section is
completed
o Tolerances – how far the project stray from the defined targets before
sounding the alarm; will help manage the project without continually seeking
guidance from the top executives
o Dependencies – what need to happen before something else? Understanding
dependencies will help understand the impact of changes in any part of the
project; internal & external
o Risks – what could go wrong?; what could happen that may affect the ability
to deliver the project on time? What can be done to avoid them?
o Scheduling – The scheduling to be in accordance to the project schedule
Roles of planning
 Defining the Scope and Goals
 Making a Plan
 Lead Other Employees
 Staying on Schedule
 Progress monitoring
 Resource scheduling
 Making schedule of Invoice
 Conducting meeting
 Management information report writing
 Billing
 Identifying source of problem
 Project break down into series of tasks.

22. 22
TIME OFFICE
Time office in a Project site plays a vital role in the overall functioning. The key
functions pertaining to Time office are
 Attendance
 Muster roll
 Prepare reports such as absenteeism, late 22coming etc.
 Over Time related work.
 Prepare all registers regarding all labour laws such as accident register, lime
wash register, deduction register, damage register, fine register etc.
 Leave management EL,CL,SL
 Submit all returns regarding labour laws.
 Prepare salary.
 Liaison with govt. dept.
 Legal compliance.
 Rectify employees’ grievances.
 Control absenteeism, late coming, early going etc.
 Maintain employee records their personal files etc.
 Maintain employee database.
 Work related to esic, epf, graduity, bonus etc.
 Arrange Manpower.
Applicable laws
Law related to governing the commissioning of hospital :
 Society registration Act 1960
 Companies Act 1956
 Urban land Act 1976
 National building code 2005
 Building permit from municipality
 Fire safety rules 1987
 Electricity rules 1956
 Radiation protection certificate for radiology dept from BARC
 Atomic energy regulatory body approval for radiology / nuclear medicine
services
 under the atomic energy Act 1962
 Atomic energy ( safe disposal of radioactive waste) rules 1987
 Indian telegraph Act 1885.
 Clinical Establishments Bill, 2010
 BUILDING AND OTHER CONSTRUCTION WORKERS (REGULATION OF
EMPLOYMENT AND CONDITIONS OF SERVICE) ACT, 1996 (27 of 1996)

23. 23
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
WHAT IS A PROJECT?
A project is thus defined in terms of its distinctive characteristics—a project is a
temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product or service. Temporary
means that every project has a definite beginning and a definite end. Unique means
that the product or service is different in some distinguishing way from all other
products or services.
WHAT IS PROJECT MANAGEMENT?
Project management is the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to
project activities to meet project requirements. Project management is accomplished
through the use of the following 5 processes:
 Initiation
 Planning
 Execution
 Controlling
 Closure
The project team manages the various activities of the project, and the activities
typically involve:
 Competing demands for: scope, time, cost, risk, and quality.
 Managing expectations of stakeholders.
 Identifying requirements.
KEY GENERAL MANAGEMENT SKILLS
Leading: On a project, particularly a larger project, the project manager is generally
expected to be the project’s leader as well. Leading involves:
 Establishing direction
 Aligning people
 Motivating and inspiring
Communicating: Communicating has many dimensions:
 Written and oral, listening and speaking.
 Internal (within the project) and external (to the customer, the media, the public,
etc.
 Formal (reports, briefings, etc.) and informal (memos, ad hoc conversations, etc.

24. 24
 Vertical (up and down the organization) and horizontal (with peers).
Negotiating: During the course of a typical project, project staff is likely to negotiate
for any or all of the following:
 ‰ Scope, cost, and schedule objectives.
 ‰ Changes to scope, cost, or schedule.
 ‰ Contract terms and conditions.
 ‰ Assignments.
 ‰ Resources.
Problem Solving: Problem solving involves a combination of problem definition and
decision-making. Problems may be internal or external. Problems need not necessarily
be technical in nature. They may pertain to managerial or interpersonal issues.
Influencing the Organization: Influencing the organization involves the ability to
“get things done”. It requires an understanding of both the formal and informal
structures of
all the organizations involved—the performing organization, customer, partners,
contractors, and numerous others, as appropriate.
Role of Project Management
 Compliance with Labor Standards
 Compliance with all applicable
Environmental Limitations and Standards
 Compliance with all pertinent
Engineering Standards and Codes
 Ensuring that safe and reliable
equipment and systems are provided
 Cost and Schedule Control
 Property Control
 Performance Quality
 Providing a safe workplace
 Reporting to management
and the client
 Quick reaction to abrupt
changes in requirements
 Undertake any new scope
or work additions
 Cooperation with the Owner
 To achieve the Owner’s objectives

25. 25
QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
ROLE OF QA & QC
 Preparation of QAP
 Ensure work done as per specification
 Document reading / measurement / observation
 Checks on material
 Sample test
 Control measures
 Setting Up a Quality Management System
 Management of Quality Control Tests
 Documentation of Test Results
 Monitoring Testing Laboratories’ Performance
 Training
QUALITY ASSURANCE & QUALITY CONTROL DEPARTMENT
Quality is the key component which propels performance and defines leadership
traits. At L&T Construction, Quality Standards have been internalised and
documented in Quality Assurance manuals. L&T Construction recognizes the
crucial significance of the human element in ensuring quality. Structured training
programmes ensure that every L&T employee is conscious of his/her role and
responsibility in extending L&T Construction’s tradition of leadership through
quality. A commitment to safety springs from a concern for the individual
worker – every one of the thousands braving the rigours of construction at
numerous project sites. L&T, Buildings & Factories IC has a well-established
and documented Quality Management System (QMS) and is taking appropriate
steps to improve its effectiveness in accordance with the requirements of ISO
9001:2008. Relevant procedures established clearly specify the criteria and
methods for effective operation, control and necessary resources and information
to support the operation and monitoring of these processes.
QUALITY IMPLEMENTATION AT SITE
L&T, Buildings & Factories IC has established procedure for monitoring,
measuring and analyzing of these processes and to take necessary actions to
achieve planned results and continual improvement of these processes. It has
also maintained relevant procedures to identify and exercise required control
over outsourced processes, if any. Systems and procedures have been established
for implementing the requisites at all stages of construction and they are
accredited to the International standards of ISO 9001:2008, ISO 14001:2004 and
OHSAS 18001:2007. L&T continues to maintain the trail blazing tradition of

26. 26
meeting the stringent quality standards and adherence to time schedules in all the
projects.
Requirements for documentation
The requirements for documentation are lean. The mandatory procedures are for the
control of
 Documents,
 Rrecords,
 Internal audits,
 Nonconforming product,
 Corrective action,
 Preventive action.
The standard also requires
 A Quality Manual,
 A Statement of Quality Policy, and
 Quality objectives.
Sl No
Equipments for Quality Lab
Qty.
(Nos.)
A
IS Sieve for Coarse Aggregate
GI test sieve 30cm size - 22.4 mm 1
GI test sieve 30cm size - 20 mm 1
GI test sieve 30cm size - 16 mm 1
GI test sieve 30cm size - 12.5 mm 1
GI test sieve 30cm size - 10 mm 1
GI test sieve 30cm size - 6.3 mm 1
GI test sieve 30cm size - 4.75 mm 1
B IS Sieve for Fine Aggregate
Brass test sieve 20cm size - 4.75 mm 1
Brass test sieve 20cm size - 2.36 mm 1
Brass test sieve 20cm size - 1.18 mm 1
Brass test sieve 20cm size - 600 mic 1
Brass test sieve 20cm size - 300 mic 1
Brass test sieve 20cm size - 150 mic 1
Brass test sieve 20cm size - 75 mic 1
Pan 1
C For Cement
Brass test sieve 20cm size - 90 mic 1

27. 27
Vicats Apparatus 1
Standard Trowel 2
D For Aggregate
Bulk Density Cylinder - 15 Ltr 1
Flakiness Gauge 1
Elogation Gauge 1
Pycnometer 2
E Measuring Jar
1000 ML(BOROSIL) 2
500 ML(BOROSIL) 1
250 ML(BOROSIL) 1
100 ML(BOROSIL) 1
50 ML(BOROSIL) 1
1000 ML(PVC) 2
F For Concrete
Slump Cone for workability test 2
Concrete Cube Moulds (150X150X150)mm-with ISI mark 72
Scoop 2
Compression Testing Machine (3000 KN) 1
G Soil Test
Standard Proctor Appratus (Mould & Rammer) 2+1
Core Cutter 1
Moisture Meter 1
Wash Bottle 1
Alumumiun Container 10
Enamel Tray (300x200x50) 3
H Bentonite Test
Hydrometer for measuring Sp. Gr. Of liquid(range 1-1.2) 2
I Miscellaneous
Mercury Glass Thermometer 4
Digital Thermometer (upto 2500c) 1
GI Trays (24"X18") 6
Digital Weighing Balance (30Kg)-1gm accuracy 1
Steel Measuring Tape (5 M) 1
Vernier caliper 1
Temperature Controlled oven (50-300 C) 1

28. 28
PROJECT QUALITY PLAN (PQP)
The Project Quality Plan is prepared and formulated as a Management Summary of
Quality related activities required to meet the terms of contract. This Quality plan sets
out the Management practices and describes the Quality Management System based on
PDCA (Plan, Check, Do and Act) Principle.
INSPECTION & TEST PLAN (SUB STRUCTURE)
Sl
No
Component /
Process
Nature of
check / Test
Method of Check Quantum of
check
Reference
Document
Acceptan
ce
Criteria
Format of Record
1. Setting out /
Survey
Reference
lines
By Theodolite/Auto
level, Total station
& measuring tape
100% GFC
Drawings
&
Specificati
on
As per
drawing
&
specificat
ion
Checklist
Spot levels By Auto level 100% GFC
Drawings
&
Specificati
on
As per
drawing
&
specificat
ion
Site survey record
Calibration of
survey
Instruments
By NABL/Govt
approved Agency
Once in 6
months
- As per
relevant
IS codes
Calibration
Certificate
2. Earth work
a Excavation Dimension,
depth and
level
By measuring tape
& Theodolite/ TS
All foundations Drawings
&
specificati
on
As per
drawing
Checklist/ Test report
b Backfilling Maximum
Dry Density
Proctor Test Once for every
type of Backfill
material
IS 2720 As per
Technica
l
specificat
ion
MDD record Format
Soil
compaction
test for
backfilled
earth
Core cutting
method on site.For
Silver Sand
filling,48hrs
submerging will be
done
Every layer/ as
specified by
engineer in-
charge
IS 2720
(29)
As per
drawing
&
specificat
ion
Dry Density record

29. 29
Sl
N
o
Component/
Process
Nature of
Check/
Test
Method of Check Quantum of Check Reference
Document
Acceptance
Criteria
Format of
Record
c Compressive
strength
Site Lab
test/External 3rd
Party Test if
required
7& 28 days IS 516 -
2004
As per IS
456-2000
and mix
design
Concrete
Cube test
report/Exte
rnal 3rd
party
Report,if
required
d Permeability
Testing
As per IS MOST
Specifications
As decided by
Engineer-In Charge
MOST MOST
Specificatio
n
3rd
Party
Lab Test
Report
e Compression
Testing
Machine
Calibration By Proving Ring Once in 1 year/ As
required
IS 4169 As per
Manufacture
r’s
Specificatio
n
External 3rd
Party Test
Report
f Cement Other physical
& chemical
properties.
Review of
MTC/External Lab
test
MTC for each batch
used.
IS 4031 As per IS
4031, IS
1489
MTC of
Cement/
External
Lab test
report,if
required

30. 30
Sl
N
o
Component/
Process
Nature of
Check/
Test
Method of
Check
Quantum of
Check
Reference
Document
Acceptance
Criteria
Format of
Record
4a
.
Steel
reinforcement
Fe- 500D
Chemical
analysis
Review of MTC
& Third party lab
test
MTC for every
batch & 3rd Party
Lab test for Every
Heat/Cast no
TC / IS 1786-
2008
As per IS
1786,2008
MTC/ Lab test
report,In case
of
dispute,Third
Party report
will be
considered
b Physical
Tests
Review of MTC
& Third party lab
test
MTC for every
batch/3rd Party
Lab test for Every
Heat/Cast no
TC / IS 1786-
2008
As per IS
1786,2008
c Fabrication
of
reinforceme
nt, tying
with 18
gauge
binding
wire, placing
at position
Inspection For all steel work Drawing &
Tech. Spec
As per
specificatio
n/
IS 2502
BBS/ Photos
d Dimensional
Tolerances
for All Cut
size Rebars
for each
structures
Physical
Measurement
For all Structures BBS As per IS
456-2000
BBS

31. 31
Sl
N
o
Component/
Process
Nature of Check/
Test
Method of
Check
Quantum of
Check
Reference
Document
Acceptance
Criteria
Format of
Record
5 Other
Materials
a Binding wire Gauge Thickness Review of MTC/3rd
Party Lab Test
Each Lot Technical
Specificatio
n
18 Gauge MTC/Lab
Test report
b Brick for
Shuttering
work
All Tests as per
IS 3495-1992
Site Lab Test/3rd
Party Test
One Test each
for Tower
1,Tower 2 & NT
Area
IS 3495-
1992
IS 1077 Lab Test
report
c Cement for
Brick
Masonary
Shuttering
work
All Physical &
Chemical Test
Review of MTC For every week
of Cement
TC IS 455/IS
1489
MTC
d Deshuttering
Oil
All Physical &
Chemical Test
Review of MTC Each Lot Relevant
Codes
Relevant
Codes/MTC
MTC
e Coupler Threading Pull Out As decided by
Engineer-In
Charge
Relevant
Codes
Coupler
should not
fail
External 3rd
Party Lab Test
Report

32. 32
EXECUTION
The project comprises of two towers. Each tower is subdivided into 3 pours or 3 parts.
Simplex Part, Duplex Part and the common part. The speciality of this building is no 3
consecutive floors are exactly same. The geometry of the floors match after every 4th
floor. For e.g 5th
floor has similarity with 9th
and so on. Between the two towers lies
the non-tower region or the basement area and extended basement area. On the 29th
floor there wil be a skybridge.
Surveying
o Laying out respective points on ground from the relevant drawings
specified.
o Setting up of Grid lines with the help of prefixed axes and centre of co-
ordinates.
o Levelling of ground
o Checking verticality
o Shifting Points of reference to specified position and marking positions of
various structures.
Reinforcements
o Laying of reinforcement bars according to drawing.
o Tie-ing of the bars.
o Here colums and shear walls are erected together.
o Two consecutive laps must not be there.
o Lap joints must not lie in region L/3 from the slab.
o Due to congession of reinforcement, the reinforcements are relaid as
necessary and permissble.
o Joints- lap joints, coupler joints
Formwork
o It is a casing that gives shape and support to the concrete in the initial time
of setting.
o Formwork is mainly divided into 3 members – primary, secondary and
sheathing member.
o Sheathing member is the one directly in contact with concrete. Secondary
members are the ones supporting and strengthening the sheathing
members. Primary members support the secondary ones.
o Formwork can be further divided into vertical(columns, walls, etc.) and
horizontal formwork(stairs, beams, slabs,etc.).
o CT-props are used as supporting and load bearing members for horizontal
members whereas for vertical members they are only for alignment
purposes.

33. 33
o There are many systems of formwork viz. Alufo, Doka, aluminium
formwork, conventional formwork, tunnel form shuttering.
o Improvement in formwork system helps the concrete attain strenght, gives
it desired shape and size, and above all the slab cycle/pour cycle depends
on formwork.
o Aluminium formwork is used in this project. It reduced the slab cycle of
30-45days to 7-9 days.
ALUFORM – L&T & KUMKANG
FORMWORK DRAWINGS
Site will be provided with a set of formwork drawings which entailed the followings: -
 Shell Plan Layout
 Formwork layout drawings
 Wall panel Layouts,
 Slab Panel Layouts,
 Starter Block Layouts,
 Corner Layouts,
 Beam Panel Layouts,
 Soffit Layouts,
 Staircase Layouts,
 External Formwork with Steel Gang form,
 Miscellaneous Layouts which includes sunken portion, upstand
portion etc.
 Elevations and sections drawings indicating the location of formwork panels
component,
 Typical Fixing Detail drawings,
 Location of Box outs and Transfer Box out drawings for transfer of Formwork,
etc.
FORMWORK PANELS
 Cleaning the surface and side panel of the formwork after each usage shall be
done immediately using proper tools.
 Ensure that all front and side panel of formwork is properly coated with
recommended form release agent that prevents from sticking and concrete
buildup aluminium form surfaces. It protects and prolongs the useful lives of the
aluminium formworks.

34. 34
 The following precautions shall be taken when applying the Form Oil on the
aluminium panels.
o The best results are obtained when a uniform application of Form Oil is
applied immediately following stripping and subsequent cleaning of the
panels. Always ensure that the coated form surfaces are allowed to dry prior
to placing concrete.
o Do not over apply. Excess Form Oil can adversely affect performance and
should be picked up promptly with rags.
o Prevent Form Oil overspray from contacting reinforcing steel bars and/or
tensioning cables.
ASSEMBLY OF WALL FORMWORKS
 Pins and wedges are to be used to secure the panels together. Always insert the
pin from the inside out for easy removal of pin after concreting.
 The formwork panels wall positioning is securely placed on the marked gridlines
and level by way of fixing timber stoppers at the base of the outer side of the
formwork panels at interval of one (1) meter. This would ensure that the
formwork panels are not disposition during the concreting process.
 Once the initial wall corner panels are assembled, place the wall corner panels
on the allotted set up position.
 Commence to erect simultaneously the balance of the wall panels from either
side of the external wall panel.
 Proceed to assemble the internal wall corner. Place these panels into the correct
position on the lines which were set up by the surveyor. Proceed to assemble the
balance of the internal wall at both sides.
 The internal and external walls are to be held together by flat wall tie.
 To determine and achieve the vertical accuracy of the formwork panels
assembled before concreting process, several methods such as plumb bob, spirit
level, theodolite equipment etc can be used. The simplified method of using a
plumb bob with a string attached to it which is then suspended from the upper

35. 35
part of the formwork panels is used as a guide to determine the deviation from
the vertical alignment of the panels.
ASSEMBLY OF BEAM & SLAB FORMWORKS
 Fix the slab corner on top of the wall panels with round pins and wedges. The
position of the pins should be from top down to ease the dislodging process.
 The prop stand and prop head is to be connected together for beam and slab
support.
 Alu span and Alu span cantilevers are connected to the Slab prop head using
Beam Splice Bars. They are connected together by long pins and wedges at
bottom section.
 The Aluspan sections are accurately position to enable the slab panels to be
connected systematically.
 Commence to assemble the slab panels from the corner section of the slab.
Subsequently, fixed the whole slab area by pinning the slab panels together with
the Aluspan.
PLANTS AND MACHINERY (P&M)
 An L&T body that lends machineries to a project and collects money in return.
 Arrange Machines
 Arrange spare parts / consumable
 Repair machines deployed
 Transportation of machine at the time of mobilizing and demobilizing
 Deploy manpower to operate
 Maintenance ( preventive / corrective )
 Calculate efficiency of M/c
 Training of personnel

36. 36
Sl. No.
Avl. /
Req.
Description of item with
specification
Nos.
Owner
Code
Remarks
(1) (3) (4) (5) (6) (13)
NON CAPITALISED
AVAILABLE
1 AVL. Circular Saw 2 ECC
2 AVL. Surface planner 1 ECC
3 AVL. Bar Shearing Machine 1 ECC
4 AVL. Poka Vibrator 1 ECC
5 AVL. Submersible pump 10 HP 1 ECC
6 AVL. Submersible pump 5 HP 2 ECC
7 AVL.
Submersible pump 1.75
HP
1 ECC
8 AVL. Plate compactor 2 ton 2 ECC
9 AVL. Vibrator Ele 8 ECC
10 AVL. Vibrator Diesel 2 ECC
11 AVL. Auto Level 2 ECC
12 AVL. Chipping Machine 6 ECC
13 AVL. Multi stage pump 20 HP 1 ECC
14 AVL.
Dewatering Pump 15HP
(Ele.)
1 ECC

37. 37
15 AVL.
Dewatering Pump 5HP
(Ele.)
1 ECC
16 AVL. Drilling m/c NW 10 2 ECC
17 AVL. Gas Cutting Set 1 ECC
18 AVL. Gas Cutting Set 1 ECC
19 AVL. Gas Cutting Set 1 ECC
20 AVL.
Dewatering Pump 5HP
(Diesel)
2 ECC
21 AVL. Rebar tieing M/C 6 ECC
SURPLUS
1 SUR.
Dewatering Pump 5HP
(Diesel)
2 ECC
BLOCKS USED
 AAC blocks
 Sound, fire proof
 Lighter than bricks
 Size
o 625*250*100
o 625*250*200

38. 38
SKY BRIDGE
The Skybridge is a hanging masive structure resting on two towers at great height(29th
foor)
 The hold down bolts and bearing girders are tobe constructed after casting of the 29th
floor.
 Simultaneously the temporary structures are to be built for supporting the Skybridge.
 Temporary structures are to be placed at 7 locations in tower 2 and at 4 in tower 1.
Temporary structures consists of spreader beams and columns.
 After placing the bearing girders, the main bearings are to be placed. As Bearing
structures come late, they are substituted by the temporary structures.
 Then the spine trusses are to be erected. And then the infills between two spine
trusses are needed to be fixed.
 Next the transeverse trusses are to be erected.
 Cat heads are made. Cat heads are temporary structures used to lift the main structure.
 The main structure is to be built at the non tower area and then lifted up with 4 strand
jack system installed at the top floor.
 The members used for girders and bearing girders are all built up sections fabricated
at Tiruchirapally.

39. 39
 Sections used in trusses
 UC 356*406*1086
 UC 356*406*634
 UC 356*406*467
 UC 356*406*551
 UC 356*406*235
 UC 356*406*393
 UC 356*406*287
 UC 356*406*340
 UC 305*305*97
 UC 305*305*118
 UC 305*305*137
 UC 152*152*37
 UC 152*152*23
 UC 152*152*30
 UC 356*368*202
 UC 356*368*153
 UC 356*368*129
 UC 356*368*177
 UC 203*203*52
 UC 203*203*71
 UC 203*203*46
 UC 203*203*60
 UC 203*203*86
 UB 457*191*98
 Weight of the mid section of sky bridge = 800tonnes
 After lifting the skybridge there will be a gap of 1m on both sides which will be
joined or fabricated. It will be made to arrest swing due to wind.
 Total steel including 3 parts of the skybridge = 2228tonnes (as estimated so far)
 The corbel embeds are plates to fix steel structures with concrete surface. The will fix
sky bridge to wall using studs.

40. 40
THINGS LEARNT
 Total Station Instruments
 The AAC blocks
 Came to know about Bar Bending schedule and various machines for it.
 To read drawings
 How a management works in a project.
 Correlation between theory and practical.
 Different aspects of quality and checks.
 Different types of formwork, their uses and contribution in reducing slab cycle.
 Labor handling, client handling.
 The use of AutoCAD has made us understand things in a better level than what
we learnt theoretically at our college.
 The Internship has provided us with a valuable exposure which will definitely
help us understand and work better in our future assignments.
 All the processes and documentation involved has been understood.
 We have been exposed to various finishing materials involved in the project
 The errors and the repairing measures.
 Witnessed the sky bridge – the first time in India.
 The various problems faced at site and how they are solved.
 There has been a wide exposure to planning department of the project
 The billing systems and the processes have been better understood.
 The role of various teams working in a site office was understood
 Project controlling an reporting processes have been better understood
 Coordination between various departments/segments of the project.
 Various risks and measures to check them.
 The various aspects of planning was understood
 The use of excel as a powerful tool for management has been recognized by us
in this 1 months with L&T.

41. 41
CONCLUSION
Today, India is the second fastest growing economy in the world. The Indian
Construction industry is an integral part of the economy and a conduit for a substantial
part of its development investment, is poised for growth on account of
Industrialization, economic development and people’s rising expectations for
improved quality of living.
In India, construction is the second largest economic activity after agriculture.
Construction accounts for nearly 65% of the total investment in Infrastructure and is
expected to be the largest beneficiary of the surge in infrastructure investment over the
next five years. The major investments are likely to be in power, roads, bridges, city
infrastructure, ports, airports, telecommunications, which would provide a huge boost
to the construction industry as a whole.
With the significant investment opportunities emerging in this industry, a large number
of international real estate players have entered the country.
The construction industry witnessed a slowdown in FY12, after the economy showed
some resilience in the preceding two years. The growth in the construction industry
dipped to 4.8% in FY12. Project financing also became difficult on the back of the
increasing gestation periods of the projects, thereby leading financial institutions to
take a cautious approach towards funding projects in the sector.
The FY2012/13 had a growth of 6.0% for the Indian construction sector. Due to
monetary issues and other related policies the Indian construction industry showed a
lackluster performance in 2012-13. But the outlook for the construction sector beyond
FY2012/13 is brightening up. Not only are monetary conditions likely to improve for
construction companies in FY2013/14, but the government is also making pertinent
efforts to remove bottlenecks that are delaying infrastructure projects in India. India's
construction sector is to reach 7.6% growth in FY2013/14.

42. 42