The document outlines five main elements of documentaries: interviews, which are used to contrast observation sequences and can be uninterrupted or intercut; observation, which puts the audience in the role of an eyewitness; dramatization, which reconstructs events the filmmaker cannot access; mise-en-scene, which are carefully constructed shots using props and lighting; and exposition, which is the argument and message the documentary aims to convey through allowing audiences to make their own conclusions.