The document discusses conducting a finite element analysis of the Inter-Plazas Bridge in Lahore, Pakistan using ANSYS. The objectives are to analyze the bridge's beam and column elements and apply finite element concepts. The current A36 steel material is compared to proposed A709 Grade 50 steel. Analysis found the proposed material improves performance up to 2.08% and saves up to 11.5% in costs. In conclusion, the proposed material is more cost-effective while generating improved results.

1. Finite Element Analysis
Title
Analyze The Inter-Plazas Bridge on Ansys
DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL & MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING 1
UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY LAHORE

2. Group#1
Presenters
Abu Huraira(2020-IM-7)
Muhammad Asim(2020-IM-14)
Faizan Rehman(2020-IM-24)
Ali Nawaz (2020-IM-33)
Presented to
Dr. Rakshanda Naveed
2

3. Contents
 Problem Statements
 Objectives
 Introduction
Material Selection
 Methodology
 Results
 Conclusion
References
3

4. Problem Statement
4

5. Problem Statement
The Inter-Plazas Bridge, a critical component of our urban
infrastructure, has been in service for a considerable
period. As part of our commitment to ensuring the safety,
reliability, and longevity of our pedestrian transportation
network, there is a pressing need to conduct a
comprehensive structural analysis of the Inter-Plazas
Bridge using advanced engineering tools such as Ansys.
5

6. Objectives
6

7. Objectives
7
To analyze the real life structure of beam and
column by using Ansys
Apply concept of Finite Element analysis on
structural Elements

8. Introduction
8

9. Inter-Plazas Bridge
Located in Hall Road Lahore
Constructed for connecting two plazas
Readily used at each floor
The bridges shake while walking on them
9

10. 10

11. Sizes of Members
11

12. Members in Bridge
12
Members Quantity Sizes
Cross
sections
I Beams 2
W1=3.5, W2=3.5, W3=6, t1=0.22,
t2=0.22, t3=0.12
Rectangular
Plate
1 B= 0.25, H= 24
Horizontal
Pipes
2 Ri= 0.9375, Ro= 1
Vertical
32
W1= 0.5, W2= 0.5, t1=0.125, t2=

13. Material Selection
13

14. Current Material(Steel A36) [1]
14
Mechanical Properties Metric Imperial
Tensile Strength, Ultimate 400 - 550 MPa 58000 - 79800 psi
Tensile Strength, Yield 250 MPa 36300 psi
Elongation at Break (in 200
mm) 20.0 % 20.0 %
Elongation at Break (in 50
mm) 23.0 % 23.0 %
Modulus of Elasticity 200 GPa 29000 ksi
Bulk Modulus (typical for
steel) 140 GPa 20300 ksi
Poissons Ratio 0.260 0.260
Shear Modulus 79.3 GPa 11500 ksi
Density 7.85 g/cm3 0.284 lb/in3

15. Current Material(Steel A36) [1]
15
Element Content
Carbon, C 0.25 - 0.290 %
Copper, Cu 0.20 %
Iron, Fe 98.0 %
Manganese, Mn 1.03 %
Phosphorous, P 0.040 %
Silicon, Si 0.280 %
Sulfur, S 0.050 %

16. Proposed Material(Steel A709 Grade 50) [2]
16
Physical properties Metric Imperial
Tensile Strength,
Ultimate
>= 451 MPa >= 65400 psi
Tensile Strength, Yield >= 345 MPa >= 50000 psi
Elongation at Break 18 % 18 %
21 % 21 %
Modulus of Elasticity 205 GPa 29700 ksi
Bulk Modulus 160 GPa 23200 ksi
Poissons Ratio 0.29 0.29
Shear Modulus 80.0 GPa 11600 ksi

17. Proposed Material(Steel A709 Grade 50) [2]
17
Elements Content
Carbon, C <= 0.20 %
Iron, Fe 98.36 - 100 %
Manganese, Mn <= 1.35 %
Phosphorus, P <= 0.040 %
Sulfur, S <= 0.050 %

18. Cost Estimation
18

19. Cost Comparison [3]
19
Members Weight Quantity
Total
Weight
Price of one
kg Steel
A709
Price of one
kg Steel A36
Total Cost
of material
A709
Total cost of
Material A36
I Beams 52 2 104 500 500 52000 52000
Rectangular Plate 116 3 116 250 335 29000 38860
Horizontal Pipes 5 2 10 320 385 3200 3850
Vertical pipes 2.5 32 80 305 350 24400 28000
Total
PKR
108600
PKR 122710

20. Methodology
20

21. Methodology
 Design Structure on Ansys Mechanical APDL
21

22. Methodology
Applied Pressure by one person
Pressure by one person =𝑷𝟏 =
𝟕𝟎𝒌𝒈 ×𝟗.𝟖𝒎𝒔−𝟏
𝟐.𝟑𝟑𝒎𝟐 = 𝟔𝟖𝟔𝑵𝒎−𝟐
= 𝟎. 𝟎𝟒𝟐𝒑𝒔𝒊
22

23. Methodology
Evaluate different Iterations:
With 4 Persons (Average case)
With 15 Persons (Extreme/ Emergency case)
23

24. Deflections with
Steel Grade A36
24

25. Results With 4 Persons
Maximum Deflections:
25
Axis Node Deflection (in)
UX 43 -6.03E-05
UY 33 7.69E-07
UZ 8 -1.13E-07
UMax 43 6.03E-05

26. Results With 15 Persons
Maximum Deflections:
26
Axis Node Deflection (in)
UX 43 -0.13913E-03
UY 33 -0.61230E-15
UZ 8 -0.22266E-06
UMax 43 0.13913E-03

27. Deflections with
Steel Grade A709
27

28. Results With 4 Persons
Maximum Deflections:
28
Axis Node Deflection (in)
UX 15 -0.59001E-04
UY 26 -0.26429E-15
UZ 6 0.92196E-07
UMax 15 0.59001E-04

29. Results With 15 Persons
Maximum Deflections:
29
Axis Node Deflection (in)
UX 43 -0.13623E-03
UY 31 -0.43254E-06
UZ 8 -0.21875E-06
UMax 43 0.13623E-03

30. Comparison
30

31. Performance improvement of
proposed material
Material of bridge Loading Maximum deflection
A36 steel (original) 4 persons 0.60261E-04
A709 steel (proposed) 4 persons 0.59001E-04
%improvement = 2.09
A36 steel (original) 15 persons 0.13913E-03
A709 steel (proposed) 15 persons 0.13623E-03
%improvement = 2.08
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32. Cost saved by using
proposed material
32
Members Weight Quantity
Total
Weight
Price of
one kg
Steel A709
Price of
one kg
Steel A36
Total Cost
of
material
A709
Total cost
of Material
A36
% Saving
I Beams 52 2 104 500 500 52000 52000 0
Rectangular
Plate
116 1 116 250 335 29000 38860 25.37
Horizontal Pipes 5 2 10 320 385 3200 3850 16.88
Vertical pipes 2.5 32 80 305 350 24400 28000 12.8
Total
PKR
108600
PKR
122710
11.5

33. Conclusion and Comments
From literature review [4], ASTM A709 Grade 50 material was
purposed due to its high strength and toughness, good
machinability and weldability ,high versatility
By using proposed material in place of original material
Saving upto 11.5% in total cost
Performance improvement upto 2.08%
Purposed material is cost effective and generated improved
results as compared to original material of bridge ASTM A36
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34. References
34
[1] A36, "Matweb," [Online]. Available:
https://www.matweb.com/search/datasheet.aspx?MatGUID=afc003f4fb40465fa3df05129f0e88e
6&ckck=1. [Accessed 21 December 2023].
[2] A709 Grade50, "Matweb," [Online]. Available:
https://www.matweb.com/search/datasheet_print.aspx?matguid=9ccae9a8aeca4739b63ca27f2dc
24970. [Accessed 21 December 2023].
[3] E. o. Indiamart, "Indiamart," [Online]. Available: https://dir.indiamart.com/impcat/metal-
products.html. [Accessed 21 December 2023].
[4] B. a. o. A. A. g. 5. s. plate, "Bebonchina," [Online]. Available:
https://www.bebonchina.com/v3/bebon-show/news/bridge-applications-of-astm-a709-grade-50-
steel-plate_2483.html. [Accessed 21 December 2023].

35. THANK YOU
For Giving Attention
35