A Presentation of Fast bowling. The history, current trends, and the various types of it are discussed with some cool pictures of legendary pacers, who shattered the stumps, literally. !!
Skill tests for basketball. measurement and assessment in Physical EducationUsman Khan
This slide includes a few simple field test for assessing basketball skills. theses tests includes Johnson basketball test and Stroup basketball test. it will help the teachers of PE and coaches of the game to find the talent. I hope it will help some. your feedback would be appreicaited.
This document analyzes variables related to the discus throw, including phases of the throw, velocity curves, angles of release, and throwing kinetics. It examines optimal ranges for phases of the throw based on Olympic data and compares the top two discus throwers at the 1996 Olympics. Key findings include the first thrower having a higher angle and arm tilt at release, contributing to his greater throw distance. Proper control of the discus at release is important for throw distance.
The document describes three basketball skill tests developed by Johnson:
1) A field goal speed test where players make baskets in 30 seconds and are scored based on number made.
2) A basketball throw accuracy test where players throw at a target from 40 feet away over 10 trials and are scored based on where the ball hits the target.
3) A basketball dribbling test where players dribble around obstacles in a zig-zag pattern for 30 seconds and are scored based on how many zones they cover.
1) The document discusses trends and technologies in sports, with a focus on their use in cricket.
2) It provides background on sports in general and how technology has benefited areas like training, tactics, and impartial decision making.
3) The document then examines various technologies that have been applied in cricket, such as Hawk-Eye, snickometer, and the Decision Review System to aid umpiring.
McDonald constructed a soccer skill test in 1951 to measure accurate kicking, ball control, and judgement of a moving ball. The test involved having subjects kick stationary balls from behind a restraining line as many times as possible within 30 seconds. The number of kicks were summed across three trials to get a final score. The test using a nine foot restraining line showed the highest validity. It was found to be a fundamental way to test soccer skills like controlled kicking ability.
The Brady volleyball skill test measures general volleyball playing ability through a one-minute drill. A target is marked on a wall at a height of 11.5 feet. The subject performs as many legal volleys as possible by volleying a ball against the wall and into the target boundaries within one minute. Only volleys that hit the wall within the marked target area are counted. The number of successful volleys within the time period gives the test score.
The document discusses sport management and provides examples from various sports. It begins by defining sport management as the application of management processes to sport environments. It notes that sport managers need both management skills and an understanding of sport systems and the value of sport in society. It then provides examples of sport management from early cricket clubs in England to the use of analytics and sabermetrics by Billy Beane to build a competitive baseball team with the Oakland A's.
Skill tests for basketball. measurement and assessment in Physical EducationUsman Khan
This slide includes a few simple field test for assessing basketball skills. theses tests includes Johnson basketball test and Stroup basketball test. it will help the teachers of PE and coaches of the game to find the talent. I hope it will help some. your feedback would be appreicaited.
This document analyzes variables related to the discus throw, including phases of the throw, velocity curves, angles of release, and throwing kinetics. It examines optimal ranges for phases of the throw based on Olympic data and compares the top two discus throwers at the 1996 Olympics. Key findings include the first thrower having a higher angle and arm tilt at release, contributing to his greater throw distance. Proper control of the discus at release is important for throw distance.
The document describes three basketball skill tests developed by Johnson:
1) A field goal speed test where players make baskets in 30 seconds and are scored based on number made.
2) A basketball throw accuracy test where players throw at a target from 40 feet away over 10 trials and are scored based on where the ball hits the target.
3) A basketball dribbling test where players dribble around obstacles in a zig-zag pattern for 30 seconds and are scored based on how many zones they cover.
1) The document discusses trends and technologies in sports, with a focus on their use in cricket.
2) It provides background on sports in general and how technology has benefited areas like training, tactics, and impartial decision making.
3) The document then examines various technologies that have been applied in cricket, such as Hawk-Eye, snickometer, and the Decision Review System to aid umpiring.
McDonald constructed a soccer skill test in 1951 to measure accurate kicking, ball control, and judgement of a moving ball. The test involved having subjects kick stationary balls from behind a restraining line as many times as possible within 30 seconds. The number of kicks were summed across three trials to get a final score. The test using a nine foot restraining line showed the highest validity. It was found to be a fundamental way to test soccer skills like controlled kicking ability.
The Brady volleyball skill test measures general volleyball playing ability through a one-minute drill. A target is marked on a wall at a height of 11.5 feet. The subject performs as many legal volleys as possible by volleying a ball against the wall and into the target boundaries within one minute. Only volleys that hit the wall within the marked target area are counted. The number of successful volleys within the time period gives the test score.
The document discusses sport management and provides examples from various sports. It begins by defining sport management as the application of management processes to sport environments. It notes that sport managers need both management skills and an understanding of sport systems and the value of sport in society. It then provides examples of sport management from early cricket clubs in England to the use of analytics and sabermetrics by Billy Beane to build a competitive baseball team with the Oakland A's.
This document describes several physical fitness tests to measure muscular strength, endurance, speed, agility, and cardiovascular endurance. It provides instructions for administering and scoring tests for pull-ups/flexed arm hang, bent-knee sit-ups, shuttle run, standing broad jump, 50-yard dash, and 600-yard run/walk. The tests are designed to evaluate upper and lower body muscular strength and endurance, speed and agility through short runs and jumps, and cardiovascular endurance through longer runs or runs/walks. Equipment, administration procedures, and scoring methods are outlined for each test.
The document discusses the concepts of sports training. It defines sports training as a planned and controlled process aimed at improving motor performance and abilities through systematic effects on physical and mental performance. The key principles of sports training discussed are continuity, overload, individual differences, general and specific preparation, progression, specificity, active involvement, variety, warm up and cool down, rest and recovery, and ensuring results. Warming up is defined as light physical activity performed before training to prepare the body physically and mentally. It increases body temperature, flexibility, and performance while reducing injury risk. Specific warm up exercises target the muscles used in the upcoming activity.
This document provides information about tennis. It includes the group members, a brief history of tennis noting its origins and development, descriptions of what tennis is and the objective of the game. It also discusses the history and development of tennis equipment like racquets and balls. The document outlines the standard sizes of tennis courts and describes different court surfaces. It explains the standard scoring system and basic rules like serving. It provides an overview of major tennis tournaments and the tennis circuit. It introduces two famous tennis players, Caroline Wozniacki and Nikolay Davydenko, describing their playing styles and achievements.
The document discusses talent identification and development in youth athletes. It outlines current methods for identifying talented youth, which involve assessing variables like anthropometry, physiology, psychology and skills through testing. It notes limitations in variability of assessment and maturation factors. The document calls for further research on longitudinal development approaches and investigating the effect of maturation on identification.
This document discusses personality and its relationship to sport performance. It defines personality and outlines several approaches to understanding it, including the psychodynamic, trait, situational, interactional, and phenomenological approaches. Research support for each approach is provided. The document also discusses measuring personality, selected findings in personality research related to sport, cognitive strategies and their link to athletic success, and guidelines for the reader's role in understanding personality.
This document summarizes the Knox Basketball Test constructed in 1947 to measure basketball playing ability. The test consisted of 4 parts that tested speed dribbling, passing, layups, and reaction time. It was administered to 10 skilled high school basketball players, with their scores compared to non-players and less skilled players. The tests were timed and involved dribbling around obstacles, passing against a wall rapidly, making a layup after dribbling, and placing a coin in a cup based on a direction called out. Scores were recorded in seconds to complete each part and the full test.
A tournament is a competition involving a large number of contestants across multiple rounds in individual or team sports to determine a winner. Tournaments are important as they help athletes develop skills and ethics through competing against others, allow for the selection of top players, promote sports to spectators, and develop qualities like cooperation and national integration among participants.
Motor fitness refers to an athlete's ability to perform physical tasks effectively and is defined by components like agility, balance, coordination, power, speed and reaction time. In 1943, the Indiana Motor Fitness Test was developed at Indiana University to assess motor fitness in boys using field tests. In 1944 and 1948, additional physical fitness tests were developed for high school students and primary school students respectively. Common test items included pull ups, vertical jumps, straddle chins, floor push ups and standing broad jumps. Tests were administered by having students perform exercises like straddle chins and squat thrusts within a time limit while being measured and scored. Equipment used included horizontal bars, jumping boards, measuring tapes, lime powder, stop
This document outlines the key elements of an effective sports coaching philosophy and the roles and responsibilities of a coach. It discusses that a coaching philosophy contains the values and principles that guide a coach's behavior and why they coach. A good coach is positive, supportive, knowledgeable, respectful, and a clear communicator who understands the sport, shares their knowledge, motivates athletes, and leads by example with high work ethic. Coaches fulfill many roles from instructor to mentor to support their athletes and teams. The most respected coaches instill strong character, show enjoyment, are competent role models, maintain discipline, and are organized in their coaching approach.
Chapter Planning of Competitions & Periodization Ashish Phulkar
The document discusses various aspects of planning and periodization for athletic training. It begins by explaining that the frequency of competition depends on factors like the sport, athlete's training age and capacity. It then covers different types of periodization models including single, double and triple peak models. Specific topics covered include macrocycles, mesocycles, microcycles, preparatory periods, competition periods, transition periods, and recovery. Principles of periodization planning like individualization, overload, and specificity are also outlined. Overall, the document provides an overview of periodization concepts, models, and considerations for integrating recovery and peaking performance in an athlete's training plan.
Mor christian general soccer ability skillTamanna Naznin
This presentation summarizes the Mor-Christian General Soccer Ability Skill Test, which assesses soccer skills through three field tests: dribbling, shooting, and passing. The shooting test measures accuracy by assigning points for shots that pass through different target areas of a soccer goal from 16 yards away. The passing test involves passing a ball into a small goal from three angles 15 yards away. Both tests demonstrate good validity in resembling soccer skills and reliability over multiple tests. The presentation provides details on administering and scoring each test to effectively evaluate soccer ability.
The game of hockey has been played for over 4000 years in many ancient civilizations. It was originally known as a "ball and stick" game. The key priority in hockey is to protect the scoring area around the goal and keep opponents from taking shots. Players use sticks to pass and shoot the puck and many wear protective equipment like mouthguards, gloves, and shin pads. A regulation hockey rink has markings like lines and circles on the ice surface along with goals for scoring.
The document discusses sports injuries, including their classification, causes, symptoms, and treatments. It covers both acute injuries resulting from single traumatic incidents like collisions, as well as chronic injuries from overuse over time. Common acute injuries mentioned are sprains, strains, and bruises, while overuse injuries include shin splints. The RICE method is described as a standard treatment for mild acute injuries. Chronic injury management may involve medications, injections, physiotherapy, or even surgery for severe cases. The document emphasizes prevention through proper warmups, technique, hydration, conditioning, and rules enforcement.
This document describes the Friedel Field Hockey Test, a skills test proposed in 1956 consisting of receiving and dribbling a ball to designated lines within a marked test area. The test involves 10 trials from both the right and left sides, with the subject receiving a rolled ball in a target area, dribbling it to the end line, returning it by driving it back to the starting line, and having their time recorded. Scores are determined by taking the mean time of all trials.
The document provides information about the game of handball. It discusses the history, rules, equipment and court used for playing handball. Some key points include:
- Handball originated as an ancient Greek and Roman game and the modern rules were developed in northern Europe in the late 19th century.
- It is played between two teams of seven players on a 40m by 20m court, with the objective being to throw the ball into the opponent's goal.
- The game was included in the Olympics in 1972 for men and 1976 for women. It is now organized by the International Handball Federation.
- Players use a smaller ball than football and games consist of 2 halves of 30 minutes each
This document discusses common hockey injuries, including their typical locations, types, and prevention strategies. The most common injury sites are the ankle, knee, shoulder, forearm, face, back, and hand. Common injury types include contusions, ligament injuries, muscle strains, dislocations, and fractures. The document provides details on specific injuries at each location. It emphasizes the importance of prevention through proper nutrition, conditioning, equipment, technique, screening, and care of existing injuries to avoid aggravating them. Warm-ups, cool-downs, stretching, and following safety rules can help reduce injuries in hockey.
Meaning, principles, causes, symptoms and remidies of over loadMAHABOOBJAN A
1. Overload occurs when the training load exceeds an individual's capacity, disturbing their physiological and psychological functions.
2. If overload continues for a long period, it can decrease performance as full recovery does not occur each day, leading to accumulated fatigue.
3. To improve performance, the training load must be progressively increased over time through methods like increasing intensity, volume, exercise variety, or training frequency while allowing for adequate adaptation to the increased load.
The document summarizes various track and field events in athletics competitions. It describes the structure of the track, including lanes and distances for short, middle and long distance races. It also outlines the techniques and distances involved in jumping events like long jump, triple jump, high jump and pole vault. Throwing events like shot put, discus, javelin and hammer are also summarized. Finally, it mentions the mixed events of heptathlon and decathlon which combine multiple track and field disciplines.
SPORTS INJURIES
INTRODUCTION ABOUT SPORTS INJURIES
MEANING OR DEFINITION "SPORTS INJURIES"
CLASSIFICATION ON VARIOUS BASIS
CAUSES OF SPORTS INJURIES
PREVENTION OF SPORTS INJURIES
TREATMENT OF SPORTS INJURIES
REHABILITATION OF SPORTS INJURIES
PSYCHOLOGICAL BUILDUP AFTER INJURY
The document discusses the technique and teaching methodology of the discuss throw event in track and field. It explains the sectors used to mark the throwing area, describes the key phases of the throw including the momentum, power, releasing, and recovery phases, and provides a 6 step process to teach the throw starting with basic grips and rotations and progressing to a full throw. It also notes the importance of following distance regulations and is authored by an assistant professor of physical education.
The document discusses the aerodynamic principles behind swing in cricket bowling. It explains that when a cricket ball travels through the air, the boundary layer of air separates asymmetrically on either side due to factors like seam placement and ball speed. This asymmetric separation causes an uneven wake and net force on the ball, making it swing. The boundary layer can separate earlier on one side if the airflow is laminar rather than turbulent, producing conventional swing. Reverse swing occurs when the turbulent layer separates earlier, swinging the ball in the opposite direction of the seam. Optimal swing is achieved at ball speeds of 112-135 km/h for conventional swing and 140-150 km/h for reverse swing.
This document describes several physical fitness tests to measure muscular strength, endurance, speed, agility, and cardiovascular endurance. It provides instructions for administering and scoring tests for pull-ups/flexed arm hang, bent-knee sit-ups, shuttle run, standing broad jump, 50-yard dash, and 600-yard run/walk. The tests are designed to evaluate upper and lower body muscular strength and endurance, speed and agility through short runs and jumps, and cardiovascular endurance through longer runs or runs/walks. Equipment, administration procedures, and scoring methods are outlined for each test.
The document discusses the concepts of sports training. It defines sports training as a planned and controlled process aimed at improving motor performance and abilities through systematic effects on physical and mental performance. The key principles of sports training discussed are continuity, overload, individual differences, general and specific preparation, progression, specificity, active involvement, variety, warm up and cool down, rest and recovery, and ensuring results. Warming up is defined as light physical activity performed before training to prepare the body physically and mentally. It increases body temperature, flexibility, and performance while reducing injury risk. Specific warm up exercises target the muscles used in the upcoming activity.
This document provides information about tennis. It includes the group members, a brief history of tennis noting its origins and development, descriptions of what tennis is and the objective of the game. It also discusses the history and development of tennis equipment like racquets and balls. The document outlines the standard sizes of tennis courts and describes different court surfaces. It explains the standard scoring system and basic rules like serving. It provides an overview of major tennis tournaments and the tennis circuit. It introduces two famous tennis players, Caroline Wozniacki and Nikolay Davydenko, describing their playing styles and achievements.
The document discusses talent identification and development in youth athletes. It outlines current methods for identifying talented youth, which involve assessing variables like anthropometry, physiology, psychology and skills through testing. It notes limitations in variability of assessment and maturation factors. The document calls for further research on longitudinal development approaches and investigating the effect of maturation on identification.
This document discusses personality and its relationship to sport performance. It defines personality and outlines several approaches to understanding it, including the psychodynamic, trait, situational, interactional, and phenomenological approaches. Research support for each approach is provided. The document also discusses measuring personality, selected findings in personality research related to sport, cognitive strategies and their link to athletic success, and guidelines for the reader's role in understanding personality.
This document summarizes the Knox Basketball Test constructed in 1947 to measure basketball playing ability. The test consisted of 4 parts that tested speed dribbling, passing, layups, and reaction time. It was administered to 10 skilled high school basketball players, with their scores compared to non-players and less skilled players. The tests were timed and involved dribbling around obstacles, passing against a wall rapidly, making a layup after dribbling, and placing a coin in a cup based on a direction called out. Scores were recorded in seconds to complete each part and the full test.
A tournament is a competition involving a large number of contestants across multiple rounds in individual or team sports to determine a winner. Tournaments are important as they help athletes develop skills and ethics through competing against others, allow for the selection of top players, promote sports to spectators, and develop qualities like cooperation and national integration among participants.
Motor fitness refers to an athlete's ability to perform physical tasks effectively and is defined by components like agility, balance, coordination, power, speed and reaction time. In 1943, the Indiana Motor Fitness Test was developed at Indiana University to assess motor fitness in boys using field tests. In 1944 and 1948, additional physical fitness tests were developed for high school students and primary school students respectively. Common test items included pull ups, vertical jumps, straddle chins, floor push ups and standing broad jumps. Tests were administered by having students perform exercises like straddle chins and squat thrusts within a time limit while being measured and scored. Equipment used included horizontal bars, jumping boards, measuring tapes, lime powder, stop
This document outlines the key elements of an effective sports coaching philosophy and the roles and responsibilities of a coach. It discusses that a coaching philosophy contains the values and principles that guide a coach's behavior and why they coach. A good coach is positive, supportive, knowledgeable, respectful, and a clear communicator who understands the sport, shares their knowledge, motivates athletes, and leads by example with high work ethic. Coaches fulfill many roles from instructor to mentor to support their athletes and teams. The most respected coaches instill strong character, show enjoyment, are competent role models, maintain discipline, and are organized in their coaching approach.
Chapter Planning of Competitions & Periodization Ashish Phulkar
The document discusses various aspects of planning and periodization for athletic training. It begins by explaining that the frequency of competition depends on factors like the sport, athlete's training age and capacity. It then covers different types of periodization models including single, double and triple peak models. Specific topics covered include macrocycles, mesocycles, microcycles, preparatory periods, competition periods, transition periods, and recovery. Principles of periodization planning like individualization, overload, and specificity are also outlined. Overall, the document provides an overview of periodization concepts, models, and considerations for integrating recovery and peaking performance in an athlete's training plan.
Mor christian general soccer ability skillTamanna Naznin
This presentation summarizes the Mor-Christian General Soccer Ability Skill Test, which assesses soccer skills through three field tests: dribbling, shooting, and passing. The shooting test measures accuracy by assigning points for shots that pass through different target areas of a soccer goal from 16 yards away. The passing test involves passing a ball into a small goal from three angles 15 yards away. Both tests demonstrate good validity in resembling soccer skills and reliability over multiple tests. The presentation provides details on administering and scoring each test to effectively evaluate soccer ability.
The game of hockey has been played for over 4000 years in many ancient civilizations. It was originally known as a "ball and stick" game. The key priority in hockey is to protect the scoring area around the goal and keep opponents from taking shots. Players use sticks to pass and shoot the puck and many wear protective equipment like mouthguards, gloves, and shin pads. A regulation hockey rink has markings like lines and circles on the ice surface along with goals for scoring.
The document discusses sports injuries, including their classification, causes, symptoms, and treatments. It covers both acute injuries resulting from single traumatic incidents like collisions, as well as chronic injuries from overuse over time. Common acute injuries mentioned are sprains, strains, and bruises, while overuse injuries include shin splints. The RICE method is described as a standard treatment for mild acute injuries. Chronic injury management may involve medications, injections, physiotherapy, or even surgery for severe cases. The document emphasizes prevention through proper warmups, technique, hydration, conditioning, and rules enforcement.
This document describes the Friedel Field Hockey Test, a skills test proposed in 1956 consisting of receiving and dribbling a ball to designated lines within a marked test area. The test involves 10 trials from both the right and left sides, with the subject receiving a rolled ball in a target area, dribbling it to the end line, returning it by driving it back to the starting line, and having their time recorded. Scores are determined by taking the mean time of all trials.
The document provides information about the game of handball. It discusses the history, rules, equipment and court used for playing handball. Some key points include:
- Handball originated as an ancient Greek and Roman game and the modern rules were developed in northern Europe in the late 19th century.
- It is played between two teams of seven players on a 40m by 20m court, with the objective being to throw the ball into the opponent's goal.
- The game was included in the Olympics in 1972 for men and 1976 for women. It is now organized by the International Handball Federation.
- Players use a smaller ball than football and games consist of 2 halves of 30 minutes each
This document discusses common hockey injuries, including their typical locations, types, and prevention strategies. The most common injury sites are the ankle, knee, shoulder, forearm, face, back, and hand. Common injury types include contusions, ligament injuries, muscle strains, dislocations, and fractures. The document provides details on specific injuries at each location. It emphasizes the importance of prevention through proper nutrition, conditioning, equipment, technique, screening, and care of existing injuries to avoid aggravating them. Warm-ups, cool-downs, stretching, and following safety rules can help reduce injuries in hockey.
Meaning, principles, causes, symptoms and remidies of over loadMAHABOOBJAN A
1. Overload occurs when the training load exceeds an individual's capacity, disturbing their physiological and psychological functions.
2. If overload continues for a long period, it can decrease performance as full recovery does not occur each day, leading to accumulated fatigue.
3. To improve performance, the training load must be progressively increased over time through methods like increasing intensity, volume, exercise variety, or training frequency while allowing for adequate adaptation to the increased load.
The document summarizes various track and field events in athletics competitions. It describes the structure of the track, including lanes and distances for short, middle and long distance races. It also outlines the techniques and distances involved in jumping events like long jump, triple jump, high jump and pole vault. Throwing events like shot put, discus, javelin and hammer are also summarized. Finally, it mentions the mixed events of heptathlon and decathlon which combine multiple track and field disciplines.
SPORTS INJURIES
INTRODUCTION ABOUT SPORTS INJURIES
MEANING OR DEFINITION "SPORTS INJURIES"
CLASSIFICATION ON VARIOUS BASIS
CAUSES OF SPORTS INJURIES
PREVENTION OF SPORTS INJURIES
TREATMENT OF SPORTS INJURIES
REHABILITATION OF SPORTS INJURIES
PSYCHOLOGICAL BUILDUP AFTER INJURY
The document discusses the technique and teaching methodology of the discuss throw event in track and field. It explains the sectors used to mark the throwing area, describes the key phases of the throw including the momentum, power, releasing, and recovery phases, and provides a 6 step process to teach the throw starting with basic grips and rotations and progressing to a full throw. It also notes the importance of following distance regulations and is authored by an assistant professor of physical education.
The document discusses the aerodynamic principles behind swing in cricket bowling. It explains that when a cricket ball travels through the air, the boundary layer of air separates asymmetrically on either side due to factors like seam placement and ball speed. This asymmetric separation causes an uneven wake and net force on the ball, making it swing. The boundary layer can separate earlier on one side if the airflow is laminar rather than turbulent, producing conventional swing. Reverse swing occurs when the turbulent layer separates earlier, swinging the ball in the opposite direction of the seam. Optimal swing is achieved at ball speeds of 112-135 km/h for conventional swing and 140-150 km/h for reverse swing.
Bowling is a game played on a flat surface called a lane, with players rolling a ball towards pins at the end of the lane. Key equipment includes:
- Bowling alleys containing multiple lanes for play
- Bowling balls that players roll down the lane towards pins
- Bowling pins arranged in a triangle formation at the end of each lane that are the target of the ball
- Bowling bags for transporting and storing balls and shoes
- Special bowling shoes with different traction on each shoe to assist sliding and braking motions required for accurate ball delivery.
Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of 11 players on a field with a 22-yard pitch at its center. One team bats, trying to score runs, while the other bowls and fields trying to get batsmen out. A run is scored by a batsman hitting the ball and running between the wickets. Teams switch between batting and fielding after an innings. Cricket originated in England in the 16th century and spread with the British Empire. It is now the second most popular sport globally and played in many former British colonies.
The document describes the scoring rules for the game of bowling. It explains that in each of the 10 frames, a player has two rolls to knock down pins. The score for a frame is the total pins knocked down plus bonuses for strikes and spares. A spare occurs when a player knocks down all 10 pins over two rolls, and the bonus is the number of pins from the next roll. A strike knocks down all 10 pins in one roll, and the bonus is the number of pins from the next two rolls. The 10th frame allows for a third roll if a strike or spare is achieved.
This document provides a historical overview of airships from the 1850s to the 1930s. It describes some of the early pioneers in airship development and key airships like the Graf Zeppelin and Hindenburg. It discusses military and passenger uses of airships as well as notable disasters like the Hindenburg crash in 1937 that accelerated the decline of airships as aeroplanes became more advanced. While airships saw reduced use after the 1940s, some continued to be used into the 1960s for applications where hovering is important over speed.
Steam cars were light vehicles powered by steam engines that were found worldwide 100 years ago. They used steam generated by a boiler to transport people and their luggage from one place to another. While made from materials like steel, iron, and aluminum, the steam engine itself was smaller and lighter than modern combustion engines.
Push notifications, in-app messaging, mobile message centers: get the inside scoop on what to say, how to say it and how to coordinate all of your mobile messaging in this presentation from two of Urban Airship's top mobile marketing experts.
Automatic car parking system by Himanshuhimanshu3070
This document describes an automatic car parking system project that uses infrared sensors to detect vehicles entering and exiting the parking lot. It then displays the number of vehicles currently in the lot. The system uses a microcontroller, LCD display, infrared transmitters and receivers, stepper motor, and other components. It provides automatic opening and closing of the entry gate and constant display of vehicle count. The document outlines the system blocks, components, power supply, microcontroller details, display unit, sensors, stepper motor, applications, and conclusion.
The Formula One World Championship is the highest class of single seat auto racing. It consists of a series of races held around the world over a season. The races take place on purpose built circuits and feature the fastest cars in the world, capable of lateral acceleration of up to 5g. During a race weekend, drivers participate in qualifying sessions to determine the starting grid, and then a race lasting around 305 km where strategy around pit stops and tire changes is important. Points are awarded to the top ten finishing drivers at each race, with the driver having the most total points at the end of the season winning the World Championship.
1) The document discusses converting a 4-stroke engine to a compressed air engine by modifying the camshaft design to allow intake and exhaust valves to open once per revolution of the crankshaft instead of once every two revolutions.
2) Key modifications include changing the camshaft profile to include two additional lobes to control valve timing, and combining the intake and power strokes into one stroke since compressed air would be used instead of an air-fuel mixture.
3) Mathematical calculations are provided to determine the engine's indicated horsepower, brake horsepower, friction horsepower, work done, and torque based on parameters like mean effective pressure, displacement volume, and rpm.
This document discusses the implementation of a wireless sensor network in railways. It begins by describing wireless sensor networks and their components. It then discusses how wireless sensor networks were originally developed for military applications but are now used widely in industrial and civilian sectors. The document outlines some key features and applications of sensor nodes. It describes the need for wireless sensor networks in railways to improve safety. Specifically, it discusses implementing gate control, avoiding collisions between trains, identifying faulty tracks, and regularizing rail traffic. Diagrams provide examples of how sensors could be used for speed indication, signaling, tripping the high tension during abnormal conditions, and detecting track failures.
Bowling has a long history dating back to 3200 BC in ancient Egypt. It became popular in England in 1366 and was brought to America in 1486. The first bowling alley, called "Bowling Pins", opened in New York. Equipment like bowling balls, pins, shoes and bags can cost between $99-$249. Local bowling opportunities exist at schools, Robin Hood Lanes, Lynnwood Lanes, and Lynnwood Bowl and Skate. The game involves rolling a ball down an alley to knock down 10 pins within 11 frames, with the highest score winning. Muscles used include the gastrocnemius, hamstrings, quadriceps and more. Nutritious foods like protein, fruits and vegetables aid
The document provides details about various optical instruments including the human eye, camera, microscope, telescope, and some famous space telescopes. It describes the basic workings of the eye, camera, and microscope. It explains that telescopes use lenses or mirrors to make distant objects appear nearer. Famous telescopes mentioned include Galileo's early refracting telescope, Newton's reflecting telescope, and the Hubble Space Telescope, which avoids issues with Earth's atmosphere.
This document discusses key concepts in optics including reflection, refraction, lenses, prisms, and optical instruments. It defines reflection as light changing paths without changing medium, governed by the laws that the incident and reflected rays and the surface normal lie in the same plane and have equal angles. Refraction is when light changes paths passing between media, described by Snell's law relating the sine of the angles of incidence and refraction to the media's refractive indices. Lenses and prisms are used to refract light in optical instruments like microscopes and telescopes, with equations provided for calculating their magnifying powers. Common optical defects are also outlined.
The document discusses key details about The Ashes cricket series between England and Australia, including notable players from both countries. It mentions that The Ashes began after England lost a match and the wickets were burned by an Australian player. Several legendary cricketers are profiled like Sir Donald Bradman, who holds the record for highest batting average of 99.94. Key stadiums that have hosted Ashes matches are also listed, such as Lord's, The Oval, and Melbourne Cricket Ground.
This document discusses automatic car parking systems. It provides an introduction and overview of basic components like stepper motors and sensors. It describes the hardware workings of using a microcontroller and sensors to control an automatic parking system. The document outlines different types of automatic parking systems and notes their advantages in requiring less space and reducing pollution compared to traditional parking. It also discusses some disadvantages like potential contamination in parking lots.
Cricket likely originated in medieval England as a children's game in Saxon and Norman times. The earliest known reference is from 1598 in Surrey. It spread from England to other British colonies in the 17th-18th centuries and became an international sport in the 19th century. The game has faced crises due to wars but has always recovered. It developed rules and organizations over time and added limited overs formats that increased popularity and commercial success on television.
Cricket is a bat-and-ball game that originated in England in the early 16th century. It is played between two teams of 11 players who take turns batting and fielding. The objective is for the batting team to score more runs than the opposing team by hitting a ball thrown at them into the field. There are specialized positions like wicketkeeper who stands behind the wicket to catch balls not hit by the batter and try to get batters out.
Cricket originated in England in the 16th century and became widely popular in the 18th century. It was introduced to India in the 1840s when the Parsi community in Bombay founded the first Indian cricket club. India entered international test cricket in 1932 while still under British rule. The game has evolved over time, from being played mainly by aristocrats to becoming a professional sport dominated by test matches and one-day internationals between countries.
Georgia vs Portugal Georgia UEFA Euro 2024 Squad Khvicha Kvaratskhelia Leads ...Eticketing.co
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Psaroudakis, a name that resonates with football fans around the globe, is a testament to the powerful synergy between familial support and individual passion. Born on March 10, 1992, in the historic city of Heraklion, Crete, Psaroudakis’ journey to international football stardom is a compelling narrative of dedication, perseverance, and unwavering family support. His story not only highlights his athletic prowess but also underscores the crucial role his family played in shaping his career and character.
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As Psaroudakis transitioned from the youth academy to professional football, the challenges became more significant.
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However, in 2023, they played one another twice, with France endearing both matches 4-0 and 2-1 individually. Against Poland and Austria, the Netherlands also have a stout record, winning just under half the matches. They faced Austria at Euro 2020, engaging 2-0, and they haven't lost to Poland since 1979.
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Five days later, they travel south to face France in Leipzig, a side led by Kylian Mbappe - one of the finest players in the world currently and one of the most impressive players in his nation's history. To conclude, they face Austria in Berlin, knowing it could be the end of the road if they don't perform.
Ronald Koeman is widely considered one of the more successful Dutch managers in Premier League history, considering the nation has a reputation for struggling to replicate their talents in England. The former Everton manager went against that script and shone — and now he is back managing his nation.
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2. Introduction
History of Fast Bowling
Categorization and Technique
Prime Focus
Variations
Fitness concern
Legendary pairs
Conclusion
3.
4. Pitches Uncovered – Un even Bounce
Minimal/No Field Restrictions
No protective gear for Batsmen
Douglas Jardine - 1932-33 Harold Larwood –
Body line attack
Aggressiveness
Emotional Attachment – WI
Best period – 1970-1990
5.
6. Fast – 146+ kmph
Medium fast – 130-139 kmph
Grip, Run up, Action - Bowling arm straight,
Side on/Chest on, Follow through
Line and Length – Off theory
7.
8. Speed or Line and Length ??
Combination of a good action, timing, rhythm
and energy
Studying the Batsmen
Mental Fitness
Calmness Inside Aggression outside
Become Strong
Bowling and running - major parts of training
12. High Work Load
Extreme pressure on feet, back and the shoulder
Knee, Toe and Hamstring injuries
Shoulder injury
To overcome injuries
› Monitoring the action and making changes if
necessary
› Balanced workouts and staying Calm and Positive
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22. Pace, skill, accuracy, aggression, courage and
Calmness are what make a good fast bowler.
Players
› Too many tournaments IPL,BPL, SLPL, etc.,
› Less Rest – More Injuries
› Character and Attitude
› Controversies
As the art of fast bowling seems to be in terrible
decline, serious steps should be taken by all
cricketing nations to revive the bowling standard by
grooming and nurturing the young talent in a gentle
manner.