The document discusses family planning and provides information on various topics related to it. It defines family planning as controlling the number and timing of children through contraception or sterilization. It discusses modern family planning methods like birth control, assisted reproductive technology, and family planning programs. It also covers adoption, maternal health risks, contraceptive options like IUDs and implants, and the importance of family planning for health, economic, and social reasons.

1. Report In Sociology
FAMILY PLANNING

2. Family Planning
 Family planning is the practice of controlling
the number of children in a family and the
intervals between their births, particularly by
means of artificial contraception or voluntary
sterilization.
 Family planning services are defined as
"educational, comprehensive medical or social
activities which enable individuals, including
minors, to determine freely the number and
spacing of their children and to select the
means by which this may be achieved.

3. • The term "family planning" is often used as a
synonym for "birth control." Family planning,
however, does not only involve contraception.
Family planning also takes into account planning
your child's birth for specific times (possibly by
spacing births a few years apart from one
another) and planning for a child when you have
• Rchaaisllienngg eas cchoinldce riveiqngu iorenes. significant
amounts of resources: time , social,
financial , and environmental. Planning
can help assure that resources are
available. The purpose of family
planning is to make sure that any
couple, man, or woman who has the
desire to have a child has the resources
that are needed in order to complete

4. "Maternal health refers to the
health of women during
pregnancy, childbirth and the
postpartum period. While
motherhood is often a positive
and fulfilling experience, for too
many women it is associated with
suffering, ill-health and even
death."

5. When planning a family, women should be
aware that reproductive risks increase with
the age of the woman. Like older men, older
women have a higher chance of having a
child with autism or Down syndrome, the
chances of having multiple births increases,
which cause further late-pregnancy risks,
they have an increased chance of developing
gestational diabetes, the need for a
Caesarian section is greater, older women's
bodies are not as well-suited for delivering a
baby. The risk of prolonged labor is higher.
Older mothers have a higher risk of a long
labor, putting the baby in distress.

6. MODERN METHODS

7. • Modern methods of family planning include
birth control, assisted reproductive technology
and family planning programs.
• In cases where couples may not want to have
children just yet, family planning programs help
a lot. Federal family planning programs
reduced childbearing among poor women by
as much as 29 percent,

8. • Adoption is sometimes used to build a family. There are seven steps
that one must make towards adoption. You must decide to pursue an
adoption, apply to adopt, complete an adoption home study, get
approved to adopt, be matched with a child, receive an adoptive
placement, and then legalize the adoption.

9. Birth Control
 Birth control are techniques used to
prevent unwanted pregnancy.
There are a range of contraceptive
methods

10. • Behavioral methods that include intercourse, such as withdrawal and
calendar-based methods have little up front cost and are readily
available, but are much less effective in typical use than most other
methods.
• Long-acting reversible contraceptive methods, such as intrauterine
device (IUD) and implant are highly effective and convenient,
requiring little user action.

11. Assisted reproductive technology
Some families use modern
medical advances in family
planning. For example in
surrogacy treatments a woman
agrees to become pregnant and
deliver a child for another couple
or person.

12. There are two types of surrogacy
 Traditional
surrogacy, the
surrogate uses her own
eggs and carries the
child for her intended
parents. This procedure
is done in a doctor's
office through IUI. This
type of surrogacy
obviously includes a
genetic connection
between the surrogate
and the child. Legally,
the surrogate will have
to disclaim any interest
in the child to complete
the transfer to the
intended parents.
 Gestational
surrogacy occurs
when the intended
mother's or a donor egg
is fertilized outside the
body and then the
embryos are transferred
into the uterus. The
woman who carries the
child is often referred to
as a gestational carrier.
The legal steps to
confirm parentage with
the intended parents
are generally easier
than in a traditional
because there is no
genetic connection

13. Finances
 Family planning is among the most cost-effective
of all health interventions."The cost
savings stem from a reduction in unintended
pregnancy, as well as a reduction in
transmission of sexually transmitted
infections, including HIV"

14. What Is the Importance of Family
Planning?
 Family planning is important for the health of
a mother and her children, as well as the
family's economic situation. According to the
United States Agency for International
Development, having children more than five
years or less than two years apart can cause
both a mother and her children serious health
consequences.

15. • The financial consequence of having
children involves the medical costs of
pregnancy and birth and the high
costs associated with actually bringing
up children. Since parents are
responsible for providing education,
shelter, clothing and food for their
children, family planning has an
important long-term impact on the
financial situation of any family.

16. • Family planning includes
contraceptives, sexuality education
and natural family planning
techniques. Contraceptives include
barrier methods like diaphragms,
condoms and hormonal birth
control. It can also include surgery
(hysterectomies for women or
vasectomies for men) or intrauterine
devices (worn inside a woman's
vagina during intercourse).

17. • Sex education assists families by
teaching youth how their
reproductive systems function, how
to use contraceptives and the truth
about pregnancy and birth control.
Natural family planning techniques
teach women and their sexual
partners how to chart fertility
cycles. Couples can abstain from
having sex or use a barrier
protection method during fertile
times to prevent pregnancies.
Learning about a woman's fertility
cycles can also benefit couples who
are having challenges with desired
conception.

18. Prevention/Solution
 The World Health Organization and other global and
local organizations are actively seeking ways to
increase the amount of information and access
people have to contraception and other resources
related to family planning all around the world. The
organization is particularly focusing on low-income
communities and developing countries where family
planning is less prevalent. Planned Parenthood is an
organization that has locations around the U.S. that
provide low-cost family planning services and sex
education for low-income and uninsured patients.

19. Demography
“Demo” from Ancient Greek δῆμος dēmos,
means “the people” and “graphy” from
γράφω graphō, means “measurement.”
 is the statistical study of human
populations.

20. • It can be a very general science that
can be applied to any kind of dynamic
living population, i.e., one that changes
over time or space (see population
dynamics). It encompasses the study of
the size, structure, and distribution of
these populations, and spatial and/or
temporal changes in them in response to
birth, migration, aging, and death.

21. • demography is usually
considered a field of sociology,
though there are a number of
independent demography
departments.
• Formal demography limits its object of
study to the measurement of populations
processes, while the broader field of social
demography population studies also analyze
the relationships between economic, social,
cultural and biological processes influencing a
population.

22. The Socio-Cultural Situation in the
Philippines
 The situation of the Philippines is not too
different from that of other countries in
Southeast Asia. It is confronted by many socio-cultural
challenges, such as rapid population
growth, poverty, ethnic and religious conflicts,
and other social problems.

23. What is moral responsibility?
 The term "moral responsibility" refers to the
duty that individuals and groups have to act in
accordance with the moral principles that are
important to their social communities and to
humanity at large.

24. What are some examples of moral
values?
Honesty, respect for
others, loyalty,
responsibility for personal
actions, generosity and
kindness
They are defined as the
ideals and principles that
guide how people act.

25. What does social responsibility mean?
Social responsibility is an
ethical framework that
suggests that an entity, be it an
organization or individual, has
an obligation to act to benefit
society at large. Social
responsibility is a duty every
individual has to perform so as
to maintain a balance.

26. Different Types of Birth
Controls
 “Natural Methods”-Does Not Use any
Contraceptive Devices or Medications.
 Barrier Methods-Blocks Access of Sperm to a
woman’s Uterus and Fallopian Tubes.
 Hormonal Methods-Requires Doctor’s
Prescription,injections,placement of
implants,contraceptive pills etc..
 Oral Methods-Includes IUD and Emergency
Contraception.

27. Barrier Method
 Barrier methods of contraception work by creating a
physical barrier between sperm and egg cells so that
fertilization cannot occur. The most common forms of
barrier contraception are condoms (male and female),
diaphragm, cervical cap, and contraceptive sponge.
 Spermicides, a form of chemical contraceptive that work by
killing sperm, are often combined with barrier methods of
contraception for greater effectiveness.
 While barrier methods of contraception generally do not
have the side effects of hormonal contraceptives, some
forms of barrier contraception (contraceptive sponges and
condoms) may be obtained without a prescription and easily
purchased over the counter at pharmacies.
 The only medical contraindication to the use of barrier
contraception is latex allergy (when using latex condoms).
However, with the exception of male and female condoms
that can provide protection against infection with sexually-transmitted
diseases (STDs), most methods of barrier
contraception are not effective in preventing STDs.

28. Hormonal Methods
 There are several different hormonal methods of birth
control. The differences among them involve
 the type of hormone,
 the amount of hormone, and
 the way the hormone enters a woman's body.
 The hormones can be estrogen and/or progesterone.
These hormones may be taken orally (taken by
mouth), implanted into body tissue, injected under the
skin, absorbed from a patch on the skin, or placed in
the vagina. The mode of delivery determines whether
the hormonal exposure is continuous or intermittent.
 The different hormonal types of birth control are
comparable in that they are all highly effective and all
are reversible. However, none of the hormonal
methods of birth control protect a woman against
sexually transmitted infections.

29. Natural Methods
 Natural methods of contraception are considered "natural" because they
are not mechanical and not a result of hormone manipulation. Instead,
these methods require that a man and woman not
have sexual intercourse during the time when an egg is available to be
fertilized by a sperm.
 The fertility awareness methods (FAMs) are based upon knowing when
a woman ovulates each month. In order to use a FAM, it is necessary to
watch for the signs and symptoms that indicate ovulation has occurred
or is about to occur.
 On the average, the egg is released about 14 (plus or minus 2) days
before a woman's next menstrual period. But because the egg survives
3 to 4 days (6 to 24 hours after ovulation) and the sperm can live 48 to
72 hours (up to even 5 days in fertile mucous), the actual time during
which a woman may become pregnant is measured not in hours, not in
days, but in weeks.
 FAMS can be up to 98% effective, but they require a continuous and
conscious commitment with considerable monitoring and self-control.
Although these methods were developed to prevent pregnancy, they
can equally be well used by a couple to increase fertility and promote
conception.

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