The document discusses falls and fall prevention for older adults. It notes that falls are a leading cause of injury for those over 65 and outlines several key risk factors for falls, including medical conditions, medications, poor vision or balance, and hazards in the home. The document provides tips for caregivers to help prevent falls, such as ensuring safe footwear, modifying the home as needed, addressing medical issues, and limiting alcohol intake.
This video is a talk by Dr. Prakash Khalap on 19 Mar 2016. Topic "Falls in Elderly". This is part of the HELP Talk series at HELP,Health Education Library for People, the worlds largest free patient education library www.healthlibrary.com.
SLH Medical Grand Rounds - Dr Brad Steinle - Falls and Fall Prevention Saint Luke's Care
This document discusses falls and fall prevention in older adults. It notes that over 1/3 of adults over 65 fall each year, and falls are the leading cause of injury for this age group. Falls are usually multifactorial, with factors including medical conditions, age-related changes, environmental hazards, and medications. The document provides details on evaluating fall risk, including taking a history and examining gait, balance, proprioception, and lower extremity strength. It also discusses treatment options like reducing medications, improving the environment, and physical or occupational therapy. Four case studies are presented showing interventions like medication changes, ankle foot orthoses, cane usage, and therapy helping to reduce fall risk.
Elderly patients face unique challenges following trauma due to physiological changes that occur with aging. Their injuries may present atypically and be complicated by pre-existing medical conditions. Emergency physicians must thoroughly evaluate elderly trauma patients for potential underlying medical events that caused or resulted from the trauma. Resuscitation requires aggressive but cautious fluid resuscitation, oxygen supplementation, and a low threshold for airway control due to increased risks. Communication with elderly patients also requires additional effort due to potential sensory and cognitive changes.
Geriatric patients aged over 65 are more susceptible to trauma due to age-related physical declines. They are more likely to die from less severe injuries compared to younger patients due to preexisting medical conditions. Common causes of trauma in geriatric patients include falls, motor vehicle accidents, assaults, and burns. Head injuries are especially dangerous as brain tissue shrinks with age, making them more prone to internal bleeding even from minor impacts. Cervical spine injuries also pose risks due to osteoporosis and arthritic changes. When assessing and treating geriatric trauma patients, it is important to consider preexisting conditions, determine their baseline mental status, and be aware of vulnerabilities like temperature sensitivity, decreased organ function, and mobility issues.
Geriatric Population. Injury in Aging (Geriatrics) : How to Handle Older (Ger...Michelle Peck
Michelle Peck | Legal Nurse | Nurse Practitioner | Health Care | Geriatric | Consultant | Speaker | Educator | Researcher
During your journey through this slide deck of Injury in Geriatric populations, you will experience: the measurement of injury; how old age (geriatrics) modifies clinical features & management (i.e. fractures, infection, confusion, host response); and how geriatric trauma victims differ from their younger counterparts.
The links in this slide deck lead you to expert geriatric teaching resources that you will value and love.
You will learn why trauma is so much more “traumatic” for geriatric populations.
Existing assessment and management standards have not been evaluated for efficacy in geriatric trauma patients, only one third of Baccalaureate nursing programs require a course in geriatrics, and less than 1% of registered nurses are certified in geriatrics. Cutungo, C. (2011).
With aging the body undergoes a progressive loss of function and vital organs lose their ability to compensate in times of physical and metabolic stress. Bartley, M. K. (2010). The “fight or flight” response in geriatric people is less robust. Cutungo, C. (2011).
As a health care consumer it is important to recognize and be aware of how being geriatric modifies clinical features and increases the risk for complications and mortality.
Learn it-Live it-Love it-Your path for a more informed life!
Michelle Peck | Legal Nurse | Nurse Practitioner | Health Care | Geriatric | Consultant | Speaker | Educator | Researcher
This document discusses physical disabilities, their causes, types, and treatments. There are two major categories of physical disability: musculo-skeletal, involving muscular or bone issues; and neuro-muscular, involving the nervous system. Specific conditions described include loss of limbs, cerebral palsy, polio, and spinal cord injuries. Treatments aim to improve function through rehabilitation programs like occupational therapy, physiotherapy, and speech therapy. The goal is to help people with physical disabilities live as independently as possible.
Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that can damage vision slowly over time by damaging the optic nerve. There are two main types - primary open-angle glaucoma and angle-closure glaucoma. Primary open-angle glaucoma may cause gradual vision loss and tunnel vision, while angle-closure glaucoma causes sudden, severe blurred vision and eye pain. Risk factors include high eye pressure, family history, age over 60, and certain medical conditions. An accurate diagnosis requires an eye exam and assessment of quality of life impacts such as problems with mobility, self-care, and activities like driving or reading. Treatment options include eye drop medications, laser surgery, other surgeries, and low vision rehabilitation.
This video is a talk by Dr. Prakash Khalap on 19 Mar 2016. Topic "Falls in Elderly". This is part of the HELP Talk series at HELP,Health Education Library for People, the worlds largest free patient education library www.healthlibrary.com.
SLH Medical Grand Rounds - Dr Brad Steinle - Falls and Fall Prevention Saint Luke's Care
This document discusses falls and fall prevention in older adults. It notes that over 1/3 of adults over 65 fall each year, and falls are the leading cause of injury for this age group. Falls are usually multifactorial, with factors including medical conditions, age-related changes, environmental hazards, and medications. The document provides details on evaluating fall risk, including taking a history and examining gait, balance, proprioception, and lower extremity strength. It also discusses treatment options like reducing medications, improving the environment, and physical or occupational therapy. Four case studies are presented showing interventions like medication changes, ankle foot orthoses, cane usage, and therapy helping to reduce fall risk.
Elderly patients face unique challenges following trauma due to physiological changes that occur with aging. Their injuries may present atypically and be complicated by pre-existing medical conditions. Emergency physicians must thoroughly evaluate elderly trauma patients for potential underlying medical events that caused or resulted from the trauma. Resuscitation requires aggressive but cautious fluid resuscitation, oxygen supplementation, and a low threshold for airway control due to increased risks. Communication with elderly patients also requires additional effort due to potential sensory and cognitive changes.
Geriatric patients aged over 65 are more susceptible to trauma due to age-related physical declines. They are more likely to die from less severe injuries compared to younger patients due to preexisting medical conditions. Common causes of trauma in geriatric patients include falls, motor vehicle accidents, assaults, and burns. Head injuries are especially dangerous as brain tissue shrinks with age, making them more prone to internal bleeding even from minor impacts. Cervical spine injuries also pose risks due to osteoporosis and arthritic changes. When assessing and treating geriatric trauma patients, it is important to consider preexisting conditions, determine their baseline mental status, and be aware of vulnerabilities like temperature sensitivity, decreased organ function, and mobility issues.
Geriatric Population. Injury in Aging (Geriatrics) : How to Handle Older (Ger...Michelle Peck
Michelle Peck | Legal Nurse | Nurse Practitioner | Health Care | Geriatric | Consultant | Speaker | Educator | Researcher
During your journey through this slide deck of Injury in Geriatric populations, you will experience: the measurement of injury; how old age (geriatrics) modifies clinical features & management (i.e. fractures, infection, confusion, host response); and how geriatric trauma victims differ from their younger counterparts.
The links in this slide deck lead you to expert geriatric teaching resources that you will value and love.
You will learn why trauma is so much more “traumatic” for geriatric populations.
Existing assessment and management standards have not been evaluated for efficacy in geriatric trauma patients, only one third of Baccalaureate nursing programs require a course in geriatrics, and less than 1% of registered nurses are certified in geriatrics. Cutungo, C. (2011).
With aging the body undergoes a progressive loss of function and vital organs lose their ability to compensate in times of physical and metabolic stress. Bartley, M. K. (2010). The “fight or flight” response in geriatric people is less robust. Cutungo, C. (2011).
As a health care consumer it is important to recognize and be aware of how being geriatric modifies clinical features and increases the risk for complications and mortality.
Learn it-Live it-Love it-Your path for a more informed life!
Michelle Peck | Legal Nurse | Nurse Practitioner | Health Care | Geriatric | Consultant | Speaker | Educator | Researcher
This document discusses physical disabilities, their causes, types, and treatments. There are two major categories of physical disability: musculo-skeletal, involving muscular or bone issues; and neuro-muscular, involving the nervous system. Specific conditions described include loss of limbs, cerebral palsy, polio, and spinal cord injuries. Treatments aim to improve function through rehabilitation programs like occupational therapy, physiotherapy, and speech therapy. The goal is to help people with physical disabilities live as independently as possible.
Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that can damage vision slowly over time by damaging the optic nerve. There are two main types - primary open-angle glaucoma and angle-closure glaucoma. Primary open-angle glaucoma may cause gradual vision loss and tunnel vision, while angle-closure glaucoma causes sudden, severe blurred vision and eye pain. Risk factors include high eye pressure, family history, age over 60, and certain medical conditions. An accurate diagnosis requires an eye exam and assessment of quality of life impacts such as problems with mobility, self-care, and activities like driving or reading. Treatment options include eye drop medications, laser surgery, other surgeries, and low vision rehabilitation.
This document discusses psychosocial problems among the elderly and their assessment and management. It defines key terms related to geriatric care and aging. The most common causes of psychosocial problems in the elderly are described as financial insecurity, caregiving burden, self-neglect, housing issues, and elder abuse. Common mental health conditions seen include anxiety, sleep disorders, loneliness, dementia, delirium, depression, suicidal thoughts, aggression, financial stress, social isolation, and neurocognitive disorders. A thorough mental status examination of the elderly is important for assessing their behaviors, attitudes, and identifying any symptoms of mental illness.
Elderly individuals face numerous psychosocial challenges including depression, social isolation, elder abuse, changes in societal roles, and losses. As people age, they experience role changes such as retirement, widowhood, and becoming grandparents which impact their identity and independence. They also face multiple losses including health, social contacts, finances, independence, and respect. Depression is common but often underrecognized and untreated. Social isolation can exacerbate mental health issues. Elder abuse includes physical, emotional, sexual, and financial abuse as well as neglect. Ageism also negatively impacts the elderly through discrimination and negative stereotypes. Maintaining life satisfaction, social support, health, finances, and personal control are factors that can promote successful aging.
This just a guideline for senior citizens to prevent Fall which is painful and takes money,time and courage to put up with,besides causing anxiety to near and dear ones
Springhill care group alzheimer's as most feared disease by americans accor...Andrew Cartney
Springhill Care Group provides free Alzheimer's training in all 50 US states to support family caregivers. A survey found that Americans fear Alzheimer's disease more than any other life-threatening illness such as cancer or heart disease. Over 60% of Americans feel unprepared to care for a loved one with Alzheimer's and worry about burdening others or losing their memory of family and life. The survey highlights the need for more support and education for caregivers of those diagnosed with Alzheimer's.
Muscular dystrophy is a group of genetic disorders characterized by a progressive loss of muscle mass and strength. The most common form is Duchenne muscular dystrophy, which affects young boys and causes muscle weakness, difficulty walking, and breathing and cardiac problems. There is currently no cure for muscular dystrophy, but symptoms can be improved and progression slowed through treatments, while researchers are testing gene therapy as a potential cure.
Arthritis affects one out of every five Americans – an estimated 52.5 million people – and is the leading cause of disability in the nation. The condition itself can make it difficult and painful to conduct even the most mundane daily tasks such as walking, climbing stairs, using a computer, or brushing your teeth. The term “arthritis” encompasses over 100 rheumatic conditions that impact the body’s joints, causing pain and inflammation to those who suffer with it.
Here you get all update about care of elderly like introduction, definition, the normal aging process, factors affecting aging process, theories, , health problem in old age and their nursing care and health promotion in elderly.
Precise guide for DGNM, B.Sc Nursing & M.Sc Nursing Students .. regarding Age Related Problems / Geriatric problems, and its management. Highly recommended for II B.Sc Nursing Students.
Understanding the Physical Impacts of Ageing: A Course for CarersIHNA Australia
This presentation is about understanding how ageing affects people and their everyday lives. This slideshow covers:
1. Strategies carers can use to promote healthy lifestyle practices.
2. Common problems carers may face with ageing clients.
3. Physical changes associated with ageing.
4. The impact changes associated with ageing may have on a person's everyday activities.
5. How to communicate potential risks and risks associated with ageing to the older person.
Falls are a common and serious problem for older adults. They can cause physical injuries like hip fractures as well as psychological issues like a fear of falling. A multifactorial assessment and intervention approach is recommended to prevent falls, which includes assessing vision, medications, home hazards, and exercise programs to improve balance and strength. Healthcare providers should routinely ask older patients about falls and recommend prevention strategies.
This document discusses the problems faced by the aged population over 50-65 years old. It outlines psychological problems such as abandonment, depression, stress from loss of a spouse, and mental impairments. Emotional issues include sadness, anxiety, loneliness, and non-acceptance of aging. Health problems that commonly affect the elderly are also described, such as insomnia, memory loss, eye and hearing problems, heart disease, strokes, and paralysis. The government of India and voluntary organizations provide social welfare and support for addressing the needs of the aging population.
Ankit Patel presented on care of the elderly. The document defined elderly as over 65 years old and discussed care needs unique to seniors. It described the normal aging process, including biological, psychological, sociocultural, and sexual changes that occur. Biologically, aging impacts nearly every system of the body, slowing functions and decreasing abilities over time in areas like memory, mobility, and senses. Psychologically, grief and loss are cumulative, and psychiatric disorders are more common in elderly. Socially, aging can bring respect or negative stereotypes depending on culture.
This document provides an overview of health and wellness in aging adults. It discusses how aging is defined and key demographics of the older adult population. The main age-related changes that occur in major body systems are described, along with common health concerns and nursing interventions for each system. The importance of promoting wellness, preventing disease, and addressing legislation and security concerns for older adults is also summarized.
This document provides an overview of health and wellness in aging adults. It discusses how aging is defined and key demographics of the older adult population. The major body systems are examined, including typical age-related changes, assessments of health concerns, and nursing interventions. For example, the cardiovascular system sees a loss of elasticity over time, requiring monitoring of vital signs, fluid balance, and careful medication management for older patients. The document emphasizes promoting wellness, preventing disease, and maintaining quality of life for aging individuals.
This document discusses trauma in elderly patients and outlines several key points:
- Falls are the most common mechanism of injury in elderly patients, often resulting in fractures. Head injuries from falls can be severe.
- Motor vehicle accidents are also common but have a high fatality rate. Pedestrian injuries in elderly patients often have mortality over 30%.
- Injuries differ in the elderly - they are more prone to spinal injuries, rib fractures, and extremity fractures due to osteoporosis. Assessing injuries can be difficult due to preexisting medical conditions and reduced mobility.
- Managing elderly trauma patients requires consideration of preexisting conditions, medications, and physiologic changes of aging that impact treatment. A multidisciplinary
Ageing, theories of aging,history and physical examinationAnvin Thomas
This document provides information on the history and physical examination of older adults. It discusses several key points:
- The history and physical exam is important but can be more complex in older adults due to aging physiology and increased prevalence of conditions.
- Areas of special emphasis in the history include functional status, medications, review of symptoms focusing on common geriatric issues, and social/nutritional histories.
- The physical exam requires attention to fatigue, positioning accommodations, and assessment of common age-related changes and conditions affecting vital signs, sensory functions, cardiovascular system, lungs, abdomen, extremities, and neurological exam including cognition.
- Aging is a natural process but can vary significantly between individuals. Common
This document discusses safety and falls prevention for older adults. It begins by outlining objectives related to describing age-related safety risks, identifying environmental hazards, preventing falls, and promoting safe driving and disaster preparedness. It then discusses how aging increases safety risks through factors like increased injury rates and vulnerability. Falls are a major health problem for older adults and are often caused by environmental hazards in the home. The document provides tips for conducting home safety assessments and making modifications to reduce fall risks. It emphasizes the importance of regular exercise, safe footwear, medication management, and vision checks to prevent falls.
The document discusses the social aspects of aging. It describes how social life involves language, gestures, interactions and relationships that help connect individuals and communities. Socially healthy aging involves maintaining dignity and positivity, while socially unhealthy aging can include irritability and isolation. Cultural attitudes towards aging vary between European-American, Asian, Hispanic and African-American communities. The document also examines common myths about aging and debunks them, such as the myths that aging always causes illness, reduced mental sharpness and lack of interest in sex. It describes the factors of successful aging as life satisfaction, social support, health, financial security and personal control.
Falls are the leading cause of injury for those over 65 years old, with over a third falling each year and two-thirds of those falling again within six months. The main causes of falls are osteoporosis, lack of physical activity, impaired vision, medications, and environmental hazards in the home like clutter, poor lighting, and a lack of handrails. Making changes such as exercise, home modifications, and medical reviews can help prevent falls.
This document discusses psychosocial problems among the elderly and their assessment and management. It defines key terms related to geriatric care and aging. The most common causes of psychosocial problems in the elderly are described as financial insecurity, caregiving burden, self-neglect, housing issues, and elder abuse. Common mental health conditions seen include anxiety, sleep disorders, loneliness, dementia, delirium, depression, suicidal thoughts, aggression, financial stress, social isolation, and neurocognitive disorders. A thorough mental status examination of the elderly is important for assessing their behaviors, attitudes, and identifying any symptoms of mental illness.
Elderly individuals face numerous psychosocial challenges including depression, social isolation, elder abuse, changes in societal roles, and losses. As people age, they experience role changes such as retirement, widowhood, and becoming grandparents which impact their identity and independence. They also face multiple losses including health, social contacts, finances, independence, and respect. Depression is common but often underrecognized and untreated. Social isolation can exacerbate mental health issues. Elder abuse includes physical, emotional, sexual, and financial abuse as well as neglect. Ageism also negatively impacts the elderly through discrimination and negative stereotypes. Maintaining life satisfaction, social support, health, finances, and personal control are factors that can promote successful aging.
This just a guideline for senior citizens to prevent Fall which is painful and takes money,time and courage to put up with,besides causing anxiety to near and dear ones
Springhill care group alzheimer's as most feared disease by americans accor...Andrew Cartney
Springhill Care Group provides free Alzheimer's training in all 50 US states to support family caregivers. A survey found that Americans fear Alzheimer's disease more than any other life-threatening illness such as cancer or heart disease. Over 60% of Americans feel unprepared to care for a loved one with Alzheimer's and worry about burdening others or losing their memory of family and life. The survey highlights the need for more support and education for caregivers of those diagnosed with Alzheimer's.
Muscular dystrophy is a group of genetic disorders characterized by a progressive loss of muscle mass and strength. The most common form is Duchenne muscular dystrophy, which affects young boys and causes muscle weakness, difficulty walking, and breathing and cardiac problems. There is currently no cure for muscular dystrophy, but symptoms can be improved and progression slowed through treatments, while researchers are testing gene therapy as a potential cure.
Arthritis affects one out of every five Americans – an estimated 52.5 million people – and is the leading cause of disability in the nation. The condition itself can make it difficult and painful to conduct even the most mundane daily tasks such as walking, climbing stairs, using a computer, or brushing your teeth. The term “arthritis” encompasses over 100 rheumatic conditions that impact the body’s joints, causing pain and inflammation to those who suffer with it.
Here you get all update about care of elderly like introduction, definition, the normal aging process, factors affecting aging process, theories, , health problem in old age and their nursing care and health promotion in elderly.
Precise guide for DGNM, B.Sc Nursing & M.Sc Nursing Students .. regarding Age Related Problems / Geriatric problems, and its management. Highly recommended for II B.Sc Nursing Students.
Understanding the Physical Impacts of Ageing: A Course for CarersIHNA Australia
This presentation is about understanding how ageing affects people and their everyday lives. This slideshow covers:
1. Strategies carers can use to promote healthy lifestyle practices.
2. Common problems carers may face with ageing clients.
3. Physical changes associated with ageing.
4. The impact changes associated with ageing may have on a person's everyday activities.
5. How to communicate potential risks and risks associated with ageing to the older person.
Falls are a common and serious problem for older adults. They can cause physical injuries like hip fractures as well as psychological issues like a fear of falling. A multifactorial assessment and intervention approach is recommended to prevent falls, which includes assessing vision, medications, home hazards, and exercise programs to improve balance and strength. Healthcare providers should routinely ask older patients about falls and recommend prevention strategies.
This document discusses the problems faced by the aged population over 50-65 years old. It outlines psychological problems such as abandonment, depression, stress from loss of a spouse, and mental impairments. Emotional issues include sadness, anxiety, loneliness, and non-acceptance of aging. Health problems that commonly affect the elderly are also described, such as insomnia, memory loss, eye and hearing problems, heart disease, strokes, and paralysis. The government of India and voluntary organizations provide social welfare and support for addressing the needs of the aging population.
Ankit Patel presented on care of the elderly. The document defined elderly as over 65 years old and discussed care needs unique to seniors. It described the normal aging process, including biological, psychological, sociocultural, and sexual changes that occur. Biologically, aging impacts nearly every system of the body, slowing functions and decreasing abilities over time in areas like memory, mobility, and senses. Psychologically, grief and loss are cumulative, and psychiatric disorders are more common in elderly. Socially, aging can bring respect or negative stereotypes depending on culture.
This document provides an overview of health and wellness in aging adults. It discusses how aging is defined and key demographics of the older adult population. The main age-related changes that occur in major body systems are described, along with common health concerns and nursing interventions for each system. The importance of promoting wellness, preventing disease, and addressing legislation and security concerns for older adults is also summarized.
This document provides an overview of health and wellness in aging adults. It discusses how aging is defined and key demographics of the older adult population. The major body systems are examined, including typical age-related changes, assessments of health concerns, and nursing interventions. For example, the cardiovascular system sees a loss of elasticity over time, requiring monitoring of vital signs, fluid balance, and careful medication management for older patients. The document emphasizes promoting wellness, preventing disease, and maintaining quality of life for aging individuals.
This document discusses trauma in elderly patients and outlines several key points:
- Falls are the most common mechanism of injury in elderly patients, often resulting in fractures. Head injuries from falls can be severe.
- Motor vehicle accidents are also common but have a high fatality rate. Pedestrian injuries in elderly patients often have mortality over 30%.
- Injuries differ in the elderly - they are more prone to spinal injuries, rib fractures, and extremity fractures due to osteoporosis. Assessing injuries can be difficult due to preexisting medical conditions and reduced mobility.
- Managing elderly trauma patients requires consideration of preexisting conditions, medications, and physiologic changes of aging that impact treatment. A multidisciplinary
Ageing, theories of aging,history and physical examinationAnvin Thomas
This document provides information on the history and physical examination of older adults. It discusses several key points:
- The history and physical exam is important but can be more complex in older adults due to aging physiology and increased prevalence of conditions.
- Areas of special emphasis in the history include functional status, medications, review of symptoms focusing on common geriatric issues, and social/nutritional histories.
- The physical exam requires attention to fatigue, positioning accommodations, and assessment of common age-related changes and conditions affecting vital signs, sensory functions, cardiovascular system, lungs, abdomen, extremities, and neurological exam including cognition.
- Aging is a natural process but can vary significantly between individuals. Common
This document discusses safety and falls prevention for older adults. It begins by outlining objectives related to describing age-related safety risks, identifying environmental hazards, preventing falls, and promoting safe driving and disaster preparedness. It then discusses how aging increases safety risks through factors like increased injury rates and vulnerability. Falls are a major health problem for older adults and are often caused by environmental hazards in the home. The document provides tips for conducting home safety assessments and making modifications to reduce fall risks. It emphasizes the importance of regular exercise, safe footwear, medication management, and vision checks to prevent falls.
The document discusses the social aspects of aging. It describes how social life involves language, gestures, interactions and relationships that help connect individuals and communities. Socially healthy aging involves maintaining dignity and positivity, while socially unhealthy aging can include irritability and isolation. Cultural attitudes towards aging vary between European-American, Asian, Hispanic and African-American communities. The document also examines common myths about aging and debunks them, such as the myths that aging always causes illness, reduced mental sharpness and lack of interest in sex. It describes the factors of successful aging as life satisfaction, social support, health, financial security and personal control.
Falls are the leading cause of injury for those over 65 years old, with over a third falling each year and two-thirds of those falling again within six months. The main causes of falls are osteoporosis, lack of physical activity, impaired vision, medications, and environmental hazards in the home like clutter, poor lighting, and a lack of handrails. Making changes such as exercise, home modifications, and medical reviews can help prevent falls.
Falls Risk Reduction And PreventionPhysical th.docxssuser454af01
Falls Risk Reduction
And Prevention
Physical therapists can use this Power Point to provide live educational sessions for Seniors or individuals who may be at risk for falls within the community.
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1 The American Geriatrics Society. AGS/BGS Clinical Practice Guideline: Prevention of Falls in Older Persons (2010). http://www.americangeriatrics.org/health_care_professionals/clinical_practice/clinical_guidelines_recommendations/2010/
What Is a Fall?An event whereby an individual unexpectedly comes to rest on the ground or another lower level without known loss of consciousness1
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Why Are Falls Important to Me? 1More than 1/3 of adults 65 and older fall each year in the United States. Among older adults, falls cause over 39% of injury deaths, making them the leading cause by a wide margin. In 2007, 18,334 people 65 and older died from injuries related to falls.
1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, http://www.cdc.gov/HomeandRecreationalSafety/Falls/adultfalls.html.
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Why Are Falls Important to Me? 1In 2009, 2.2 million people 65 and older were treated in emergency departments for nonfatal injuries from falls, and more than 581,000 of these patients were hospitalized. By 2020, the cost of fall injuries is expected to reach $54.9 billion (in 2007 dollars).
1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, http://www.cdc.gov/HomeandRecreationalSafety/Falls/adultfalls.html.
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Why Are Falls Important to Me?120% to 30% of people who fall suffer moderate-to-severe injuries such as bruises, hip fractures, or head traumas. Fall injuries can limit mobility and independent living, and can increase the risk of early death. Every hour, there are 2 deaths and 251 emergency department visits for falls-related injuries among older adults.
.
1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,http://www.cdc.gov/HomeandRecreationalSafety/Falls/adultfalls.html.
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What Are the Risk Factors
For Falling?
Research shows that a combined effect of many interacting factors increases fall risk.2
Difficulty With Walking/Balance
Multiple
Medications
Dizziness
Muscle
Weakness
Foot Problems
Heart Rate/ Rhythm Problem
History of
Falls
Vision
Problems
2Panel on Prevention of Falls in Older Persons. Summary of the Updated American Geriatrics Society/British Geriatrics Society Clinical Practice Guideline for Prevention of Falls in Older Persons. American Geriatrics Society/British Geriatric Society.
http://www.americangeriatrics.org/health_care_professionals/clinical_practice/clinical_guidelines_recommendations/2010.
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Am I at Risk for Falling
As I Age?
Falling and fear of falling as you age should NOT be accepted as a “normal” process of aging.
The causes of falls can be found and addressed.
*
Am I at Risk for Falling
As I Age?
There are certain changes that may cause people to fall:Less flexibility in the lower extremity jointsDecreased muscle strength around the ankles, knees, and hipsSlower walking speed ...
DEVOLOPMENTAL DISABILTIES IN OLDER PEOPLE NEW.pptxhashimedavath
Developmental disabilities can persist into older age and present unique challenges. Common conditions that contribute to disability in older populations include arthritis, cognitive impairment, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, and falls. Effective management involves a combination of medications, physical therapy, lifestyle changes, and social support tailored to individual needs and conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, autism, Down syndrome, or cerebral palsy. Regular medical care and communication between individuals and healthcare providers are important to address evolving health issues.
Physical development peaks in early adulthood but then begins to gradually decline through middle adulthood. Changes include reductions in height, strength, vision, and hearing. Women experience menopause while men experience changes to their prostate. Chronic stress can negatively impact physical health and increase risks of diseases like heart disease and cancer. Maintaining an active lifestyle and healthy behaviors is important for maximizing wellness during these life stages.
The document discusses common cases seen at Queens Park, including musculoskeletal issues and fractures. It notes that most patients come from two nearby hospitals and stay for an extended period of rehabilitation. The nursing staff includes one RN per shift and LPNs, who must communicate with the RN if a task is outside their scope of practice. Specific types of fractures are then defined, along with symptoms, causes, treatment and healing time. Fall prevention strategies are outlined, including seeing a doctor, exercise, footwear, home safety, lighting and assistive devices. Dementia and its causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment are explained. Finally, Parkinson's disease is defined as affecting movement and dopamine production in the brain. Genetic and environmental factors are believed
- Enlightened aging is a hopeful approach to aging based on science that empowers people to prepare well for late life and live well with the natural changes of aging.
- The Group Health Research Institute has been conducting research on aging for over 30 years through studies like the Adult Changes in Thought Project to better understand normal and abnormal aging and identify ways to prevent or delay age-related mental and physical declines.
- Findings from the ACT study have provided insights on how exercise, physical activity, diet, brain health, and other lifestyle factors can help people remain independent and functional for as long as possible.
This document provides an overview of geriatrics and aging. It defines geriatrics as the care of aged people and notes it is a subspecialty of internal medicine focused on prevention and treatment of age-related disabilities. Key points include:
- Geriatrics aims to address common problems in old age like immobility, instability, intellectual impairment, incontinence, and multiple medical issues.
- Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment is a multidisciplinary approach to evaluate older patients' medical, psychological and functional status to maximize health and quality of life.
- Research seeks to understand aging processes to develop interventions that may slow or stop aging through approaches like modifying gene expression, repairing telomeres, or
Geriatrics is the medical specialty dedicated to providing care for older adults. Geriatricians are trained to address health issues that may affect older patients differently than younger adults, such as multiple illnesses occurring at the same time or medications affecting older people differently. Common conditions seen in older adults include heart disease, arthritis, diabetes, falls, depression, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. As people age, assistive devices and home modifications may help extend independence by assisting with activities of daily living.
Yoga for preventing fall among elderly peopleDivya Singh
Five studies evaluated the effects of yoga on balance, mobility and falls risk in older adults. Yoga interventions ranged from 1 hour twice a week for 8 weeks to 90 minutes twice a week for 10 weeks and included warmups, postures, breathing exercises and relaxation/meditation. Outcome measures included tests of balance, mobility, gait, fear of falling and physiological measures. The studies found that yoga improved performance on tests of balance, mobility and gait speed, and reduced fear of falling compared to no-intervention controls. Yoga shows potential as a safe and effective intervention to reduce falls risk in older adults.
This document discusses the assessment and management of geriatric patients in emergency settings. It covers the demographics of the elderly population, the aging process, common medical problems in the elderly, trauma considerations, and approaches to assessing and managing elderly patients. Special attention is needed due to physiological changes, multiple illnesses, sensory impairments, and other age-related factors that can impact care.
Fall prevention for the Elderly Population | VITAS HealthcareVITAS Healthcare
Falls are the leading cause of injury for elderly adults. One in three adults over 65 falls each year, and falls are the cause of half of all trauma deaths among elderly patients. Nursing home residents are at especially high risk, with 30-40% sustaining significant falls. A comprehensive assessment identifies medical, environmental, and personal risk factors. A multidisciplinary team implements an individualized care plan with education, exercise, medication management, assistive devices, and environmental safety strategies to prevent falls and injuries among elderly patients.
Safe and Steady Fall Prevention among Senior Citizens.pptxHenrySaya1
Health awareness for fall prevention among elderly / senior citizens. By prioritizing fall prevention, we can ensure the safety, independence, and well-being of older adults while also minimizing healthcare costs and enhancing the overall quality of life for our aging population. Raising awareness among older adults about fall risks is crucial for empowering them, promoting proactive behaviors, and reducing the incidence of falls. By increasing knowledge and understanding, we can create a culture of safety, support healthy aging, and ultimately improve the quality of life for older adults.
This document discusses common health problems that elderly people face. It outlines issues related to vision like presbyopia, cataracts, and blurred vision. Hearing loss is also common in old age. Falls are a risk due to factors like weakness, vision problems and medications. Urinary problems, oral health issues, diabetes, high blood pressure, and musculoskeletal disorders also frequently affect the elderly. Psychological problems like depression and dementia often increase with age as well.
Children with disabilities: concept of disability, definitions, categories, causes, rights, health and community care, prevention, community-based rehabilitation.
Falls are the leading cause of injury for older adults over 65 and cause 70% of accidental deaths for those over 75. Risk factors include age, living alone, previous falls, chronic conditions, and use of multiple medications. Interventions like home safety checks, physical therapy, and balance training can help prevent falls. However, falls often reoccur if the underlying cause is not properly evaluated and treated, and if patients do not follow intervention recommendations. Educating patients, families, and healthcare providers is important to address falls and reduce injuries and deaths in the geriatric population.
This document discusses falls prevention for seniors living independently. It notes that falls are the leading cause of injury for older adults and can lead to loss of independence. The document identifies various risk factors for falls, including mobility issues, chronic health conditions, medication side effects, and home hazards. It recommends exercises like tai chi, strength training, and walking to improve balance and strength. Other tips include reviewing medications, getting vision exams, making home modifications, wearing shoes inside, and keeping phones accessible in case of a fall. Contact information is provided for fall prevention coordinators to address any questions or concerns.
The document discusses several topics related to pharmacology and aging:
- Pharmacokinetics can be altered in older adults due to reduced liver/kidney function and less efficient circulatory/nervous systems, affecting medication absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion.
- Multiple medication use and interactions are common in older adults and can cause side effects like nausea, constipation, electrolyte imbalances if not properly monitored.
- Teaching self-administration of medications to older adults requires understanding abilities/limitations and ensuring proper understanding through questions and demonstrations.
The document provides information about a 89-year-old female patient, Mrs. Torralba, who was admitted to the hospital due to a fracture of the right femoral neck. She fell two days prior and experienced pain and limited movement in her right hip. Diagnostic tests revealed decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, indicating anemia. Her prothrombin time was increased, suggesting a deficiency in clotting factors. All other lab results were normal. The patient has a history of breast cancer, diabetes, and osteoporosis, putting her at high risk for fractures from falls.
The document provides home fall prevention guidelines from the CDC and Prevention-Metlife Foundation. It recommends removing tripping hazards like rugs, cords, and clutter from floors, stairs, the kitchen, bathrooms and bedrooms. It suggests improvements like adding grab bars in bathrooms, railings on both sides of stairs, brighter lighting, and wearing shoes. Regular exercise, having medication reviewed, and annual vision checks are also advised to help prevent falls.
These guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations for falls prevention among older community-dwelling people in Queensland. They aim to inform good practice, recognizing that falls have significant health and economic impacts. The guidelines discuss population aging trends, falls epidemiology, risk factors, screening and assessment tools, and effective prevention interventions. Recommendations include addressing modifiable risk factors, targeting multiple factors through multidisciplinary programs, and integrating falls prevention into broader health initiatives for older adults. The goal is to support efforts that can reduce falls and fall-related injuries in Queensland.
Falls are common among older adults and can have serious consequences. This document provides a checklist to help older adults reduce their risk of falling. It suggests ways to make homes safer, such as improving lighting, removing tripping hazards, and using mobility aids. It also addresses lifestyle factors like exercising regularly, having vision and hearing checked, managing medications, and eating a calcium-rich diet to support bone health. Completing the checklist can help identify potential hazards and risks to address.
The document provides a checklist of items to consider to prevent falls in and around the home. It lists safety improvements that can be made in all rooms, on stairs, in the kitchen, bathroom, and outside. Some key items include installing handrails, securing rugs, keeping floors clear, using non-slip surfaces, and ensuring good lighting. Being aware of hazards and taking care when using stairs is also advised. The goal is to make the home as slip-free as possible to prevent falls, which can be dangerous for older adults.
Falls are a serious risk for seniors, with over 33% of those aged 65+ falling each year, and over 50% of 80-year-olds falling annually according to the CDC. The chances of surviving a fall are much greater if help arrives within an hour according to Yale University, and getting quick assistance increases the likelihood that a senior can continue living independently reports the New England Journal of Medicine.
This document provides descriptions of 10 fall prevention programs. The programs aim to improve balance, strength, and mobility and reduce fall risk through physical activity and education. They vary in intensity, components, target audiences, and evidence of effectiveness. Most show improvements in factors like balance, mobility, and strength, with some demonstrating reduced fall rates. The document is intended to help providers select suitable programs given client needs and resource constraints.
This document provides tips for fall prevention including exercising regularly, especially Tai Chi which improves balance and coordination. It also recommends reviewing medications as some can cause dizziness or sleepiness. Having vision checked is important as poor vision increases fall risk. Around the home, keeping floors clutter-free, using nightlights and grab bars, and securing rugs are suggested. Wearing shoes and standing slowly from sitting are additional tips to prevent falls.
This document provides a home fall prevention checklist for older adults. It lists various areas of the home and identifies potential hazards in each area that could cause falls. For each hazard, it provides recommendations on how to fix the problem, such as removing throw rugs, improving lighting, installing grab bars in bathrooms, and exercising regularly to improve strength and balance. The goal is to help older adults find and address hazards in their home to prevent falls and potential injuries.
Falls are a major cause of injury for both older adults and young children. As people age, factors like weakened bones and muscles, poor vision, and chronic illnesses increase fall risk. Environmental hazards in the home like clutter, poor lighting, and lack of handrails also contribute to falls. The document provides tips to evaluate fall risk and make homes safer, such as improving lighting, removing tripping hazards, and installing grab bars in bathrooms.
Your community-based organization can develop an effective fall prevention program for older adults by addressing multiple risk factors. The program should include exercise classes or individual training, as well as education on falls and risk factors. Partnering with other organizations allows additional risk factors like medication management and home safety to be addressed. Healthcare professionals can deliver different components of the program, such as physicians providing medical assessments or exercise instructors leading classes. Developing clear goals and evaluating the program will help ensure success in reducing falls in the community.
This advertisement offers two wireless plans, a basic plan for $24.95 and a plan with 911 access anywhere for $34.95, and provides one month of either plan for free. It includes a local phone number to contact an agent and a website URL for more information about the SafetyNow program.
Falls are a common occurrence for seniors, with over 30% of those over 65 and 50% over 80 falling each year. An automatic fall detection system can help seniors who fall without requiring them to press a button for assistance. The system can be contacted at 928-533-6593.
This document provides instructions for completing an Arizona Health Care Directive. It begins with appointing an agent to make health care decisions if the individual becomes unable to do so. It then allows the individual to provide guidance on their end-of-life wishes through a living will. The document also covers options for organ donation and autopsy. Instructions are provided throughout to guide the individual in making their wishes clear and executing the document properly.
Response Now Anywhere 911 is a small 1 1/2 inch by 1 1/2 inch by 1/2 inch device that allows users to contact emergency services from anywhere. Response Now offers two products that provide emergency assistance. The brief document advertises and provides basic dimensions for the Response Now Anywhere 911 personal emergency response device.
This document is an e-book by Anthony Cirillo called "The Caregiver Sur-Thrival Guide" that provides advice and lessons for caregivers. The e-book covers topics such as putting aging into perspective, lessons learned from elders on leading a quality life, common misconceptions about aging, how caregivers can make time for their own relationships, the importance of self-care for caregivers, guidance on becoming a caregiver, choosing care options and facilities, paying for care, dealing with legal issues, and resources for caregivers. The overall message is that caregivers can find opportunities within their role and learn from elders on improving their own quality of life through purpose, activity, humor, learning new things,
House calls are available again for medical appointments that can be done over the phone or internet for $38 and will take place within 30 minutes of scheduling by calling 1-888-769-7023.
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International Cancer Survivors Day is celebrated during June, placing the spotlight not only on cancer survivors, but also their caregivers.
CANSA has compiled a list of tips and guidelines of support:
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R3 Stem Cell Therapy: A New Hope for Women with Ovarian FailureR3 Stem Cell
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This slide is very helpful for physiotherapy students and also for other medical and healthcare students.
Here is summary of hypertension -
Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a serious medical condition that occurs when blood pressure in the body's arteries is consistently too high. Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of blood vessels as the heart pumps it. Hypertension can increase the risk of heart disease, brain disease, kidney disease, and premature death.
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Interactive Q&A: Engage the audience and encourage discussion.
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Resources: Provide contact information and links for further support.
1. Falls and Fall Prevention
Caregivers face many challenges as they
search for information and make decisions
about how best to provide care to their
loved ones. To help meet their needs,
MetLife offers SinceYouCare® — a series of
guides which provide practical suggestions
and useful tools on a variety of specific
care-related products.
ESINCEYOUCAR
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A Series of Guides from in Cooperation with the National Alliance for Caregiving
About the Subject
Falls are the leading cause of inju-
ry-related visits to the emergency
room in the U.S. and the primary
cause of accidental death in people
over age 65. Each year more than
one-third of older adults experi-
ence a fall, and between 20% and
30% of those falls result in moder-
ate to severe injuries such as hip
fractures or head injuries. In 2004,
about 1.8 million individuals age
65 and over received emergency
room treatment for fall-related
injuries, with 433,000 requiring
hospitalization. Additionally, in
that same year, more than 14,900
people age 65 and over died from
fall related injuries.1
The risk for death, serious injury,
and disability from falls increases
as one ages. Close to 85% of deaths
from falls in 2004 were among
individuals age 75 and over. Those
in this age group who fall are four
to five times more likely to be
admitted to a nursing home for a
year of more.2
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According to an AARP analysis
of data from the 1997 and 1998
National Health Interview Survey
(NHIS), among older Americans
most falls occur inside the home
(55%) or outside but near the
house (23%). Only 22% take place
away from home. This is quite dif-
ferent from the pattern in other
age groups. For instance, among
those ages 35-64, only 26% of falls
occur inside the house, 26% out-
side the house but nearby while
48% occur away from home.
About 43% of falls among older
individuals both indoors and out-
doors occurred on the ground
level, not from a height, with 14%
happening from stairs or a step,
11% from the curb, and 9% from
a chair, bed, or other furniture.
About 4% involved the bathtub,
shower, or toilet.3
In looking at fall injuries among
older persons in the above study,
59% of fall injuries relate to slip-
ping, tripping or stumbling, 22%
to loss of balance, dizziness, faint-
ing, or seizure and 19% other mis-
cellaneous causes. Among older
persons injured in falls, 28% have
short or long-term limitations in
one or more activities of daily liv-
ing (ADLs), such as bathing or
dressing, or instrumental activities
of daily living (IADLs), such as
shopping and meal preparation.4
Older adults who have had a fall
often fear falling again and in
response reduce their level of activ-
ity. This actually serves as a risk
factor, since a reduction in activity
can lead to a decline in physical
abilities and actually increase the
risk of falling. As a caregiver, it is
important for you to understand
this and other risk factors related
to falls and know the steps you
can take to minimize their impact.
This guide is intended to look at
key considerations and preventive
measures to reduce the risk of fall
and injury to your family member.
Things You Need
to Know
Aging often causes changes in
vision, hearing, reflexes, coordi-
nation, and strength. There may
be the progression of chronic ill-
nesses such as diabetes, heart dis-
ease, and arthritis, or acute events
such as a heart attack or stroke.
While the changes in eyesight and
hearing often cannot be stopped,
nor a heart attack or stroke always
foreseen, there are measures that
can be taken to help prevent falls.
Risk Factors
Falls can have an especially signif-
icant impact on individuals who
are already in need of assistance.
Recognizing the risks that may
impact your loved one is a first
step toward minimizing his or her
chance of falling. It is important
to understand that the more risk
factors individuals have, the great-
er the likelihood is that they will
fall. In general, risk factors can be
grouped into two categories:
• internal factors
• external factors
Internal Factors
Bones
• As people age, their bones
become more porous, weaker,
and more vulnerable to frac-
tures. Falling and having
osteoporosis may increase the
possibility of a fracture. Bone
density testing can diagnose
osteoporosis and monitor the
progress of its treatment. There
are measures that can be taken
to combat the development and
progression of osteoporosis.
Medication, diet, and regular
weight bearing exercise can help
prevent deterioration of the
bone in both men and women.
Eyes
• Diseases of the eye, such as
glaucoma, cataracts, and macu-
lar degeneration, can increase
the risk of falls. These diseases
can alter depth perception and
peripheral vision, cause blur-
riness, and increase sensitiv-
ity to glare. It is important for
- 2 -
3. your loved one to have regular
eye examinations, wear properly
fitted eyeglasses, and take eye
drops as prescribed.
Muscles, Balance, and Gait
• Issues related to muscle strength,
balance, and gait can be signifi-
cant risk factors in falls. Older
individuals who have weak leg
muscles, poor balance, or dif-
ficulty walking are more likely to
fall than others. Lack of exercise
or medical problems, such as
arthritis, may contribute to prob-
lems in these areas. Treatment for
a contributing medical problem
and/or exercise can, in many
instances, help to improve diffi-
culties in these areas. Check with
ment or modify existing treatment,
where possible, to address the
problem. The following are exam-
ples of conditions that can increase
an individual’s risk of falls.
• Parkinson’s disease impacts gait,
balance, and coordination.
• Alzheimer’s disease distorts
judgment and perceptions of
physical limitations. In later
stages limited mobility and
impaired judgment put the
individual at a high risk for
falls.
• Diabetes can lead to neuropa-
thy, altering sensory perception
such as lack of feeling in the
legs and feet. Neuropathy can
put individuals at a high risk
for falls.
your loved one’s physician to
determine what exercise would
be appropriate for him or her.
Sometimes a physical therapist,
with an order from the doctor,
can evaluate the problem and
provide an exercise regimen to
promote improvement.
Diseases
Certain diseases or medical con-
ditions can pose an increased
risk for falls. It is important that
symptoms such as muscle weak-
ness, light-headedness, dizziness,
decreased sensation in the arms
and legs, and difficulty with bal-
ance and walking be evaluated by
a physician to determine the cause
of the symptoms and initiate treat-
ESINCEYOUCAR
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- 3 -
4. ness. Tranquilizers and anti-
depressants can cause changes
in mental status and alertness,
as well as excessive fatigue.
• It is important to be alert to
potential side effects of any
medications your loved one may
be taking and any interactions
medications may have with each
other. When considering side
effects, do not forget to include
over-the-counter medications
and dietary supplements. They
• Multiple Sclerosis (MS),
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
(ALS), and similar disorders can
affect balance, gait, coordina-
tion, and muscle strength pos-
ing a high risk for falls.
• Hypotension (low blood pres-
sure) can cause lightheadedness
and dizziness especially when
changing positions (e.g. going
from lying to sitting or sitting to
standing) and can lead to falls.
• Inner ear infections can cause
dizziness and balance problems,
increasing the risk of falling.
• Strokes can lead to weakness or
paralysis and an increased risk
for falls.
External Factors
Medications
• Medications used to treat
both acute and chronic health
care problems can sometimes
increase an individual’s risk for
falling. The use of multiple
medications leads to a greater
chance that someone might
fall. Medications can cause
changes in mental alertness,
balance, a person’s ability to
walk, and alterations in blood
pressure leading to dizziness.
For instance, a medication used
to treat high blood pressure
may result in a lowering of the
blood pressure too quickly when
someone changes position, caus-
ing lightheadedness and weak-
too can have side effects or
interact with other medications.
Your family member’s pharma-
cist and doctor are important
resources to answer questions
about side effects. You should
consult with them whenever
your loved one is given a new
medication. Always be sure to
alert any doctor your family
member may be seeing to all
of the medications he or she is
taking, both those purchased
ESINCEYOUCAR
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- 4 -
5. or as complex as building ramps,
widening doorways, and installing
security systems. Home modifica-
tion and maintenance can make
the living environment a safer
place for older adults and reduce
the possibility of a fall.
To Help Prevent Falls
There are a number of steps you
can take to help reduce your fam-
ily member’s risk of falls. These
include assuring that he or she:
• changes positions slowly to
prevent falls related to drops in
blood pressure. When first get-
ting up in the morning, it is wise
to sit at the edge of the bed for a
short time before standing up,
• wears supportive, low heeled,
rubber-soled shoes,
• exercises caution when walking
on thick pile carpets,
• does not wear smooth-soled slip-
pers or socks on smooth floors
such as wood or linoleum,
• uses caution when walking
outdoors, especially when it is
wet or icy,
• limits intake of alcohol,
• does not wear glasses that are
meant for reading when per-
forming activities other than
reading, and
• takes medications as prescribed
and reports any apparent side
effects.
over-the-counter and those pre-
scribed by other doctors.
Alcohol
• Alcohol is metabolized more
slowly as a person ages and can
cause alterations in cognition
and perception of spaces and
events, thereby increasing the
risk for falls. Alcohol, in conjunc-
tion with medications, can cause
increased fatigue and confusion.
Alcohol intake should be limited
so as not to impair balance, coor-
dination, and mental alertness.
Environmental Hazards
• As discussed earlier, the
majority of falls among older
Americans occur either inside
the home or just outside the
home. Environmental hazards
both in and outside of the house
often contribute to falls. These
include:
• poor lighting,
• cluttered pathways,
• uneven surfaces,
• stairways without railings,
• bathtubs and showers without
grab bars,
• furniture that is too high or
too low for an individual to
get up from or on to safely,
• throw rugs,
• loose carpeting,
• wet floors, and
• icy or wet pavement outside
the house.
• While some risk factors such
as the progression of a chronic
illness like Parkinson’s disease
are more difficult to man-
age, eliminating or modifying
other risk factors such as those
in the environment can go a
long way toward preventing
your loved one from falling.
Helpful Hints
Fall Prevention
A comprehensive fall preven-
tion program should consist of a
medical evaluation that includes
assessment of blood pressure,
vision, hearing, balance, muscle
loss, mental status, and a review of
medications. It should also include
a thorough evaluation of the envi-
ronment in which the older person
lives.
You can check with your local Area
Agency on Aging, which can be
located by accessing the Eldercare
Locator (see Resources to Get You
Started) to see if they can sug-
gest programs or individuals who
can assist with an in-home safety
evaluation program. Sometimes,
occupational therapists can come
to the home to evaluate the bath-
room and general living quarters
and suggest safety improvements.
Changes needed may be as simple
as installing grab bars in a shower
ESINCEYOUCAR
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6. It is important that your loved one
understands how to use any pre-
scribed assistive devices (e.g. wheel-
chairs, canes, and walkers) properly
and keeps them in good working
order. Assistive devices if not used
properly or if not in working order
(e.g. worn down rubber on the bot-
tom of a cane) can actually increase
rather than reduce the risk of falls.
A physical therapist can assist with
training in the use of assistive devic-
es and help evaluate the appropriate
device for a particular individual.
If your family member has cognitive
problems, you and other caregivers
will need to watch for potential side
effects of medications, and provide
supervision to reduce his or her
risk of falls. As a caregiver, you may
need to advocate on behalf of him
or her with health care profession-
als and assure that they are aware of
any health related changes, apparent
changes in vision, gait, strength, or
mental alertness or signs that he or
she may be experiencing side effects
from medication. Early evaluation
and intervention can help to pre-
vent a fall.
If your family member is at risk
for falling and is alone at times,
you may want to obtain a personal
emergency response system, so that
he or she can call for help in the
event of an emergency. The system
would typically have him or her
wear a watch-like band or pendant
with a button he or she can hit
should assistance be needed e.g.
if your loved one has fallen. For
more information on this product
and its features as well as the costs
involved you can go to www.aler-
tusa.org or www.lifelinesys.com or
call Lifeline at 1-800-380-3111.
Helpful Home Modifications
In addition to taking the steps
above to help prevent falls, it is
important to look at the living
environment and potential changes
that can reduce the risk of falls.
These include changes related to
lighting, access, and mobility.
Lighting
• Assure that all rooms are well
and evenly lit.
• Use night lights in halls and
bathrooms for the evening.
• Avoid very bright lights that
could increase glare.
• Have a light by the bedside or a
flashlight that your loved one can
use if he or she needs to get up
during the night.
• Be sure that lighting is bright
enough in hallways, stairways,
and bathrooms.
• Place light switches at the top
and bottom of the staircase.
• If your family member is out in
the evening, make sure that all
walkways, stairways, and entries
to the house are well lit to pre-
vent falls when returning home.
ESINCEYOUCAR
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Access
• Keep walkways clear of electri-
cal cords or telephone wires.
• Arrange furniture so it does not
interfere with walking.
• Check to see if thresholds pres-
ent a tripping risk; widen door-
ways, if possible.
• Make sure that furniture is not
too low to the floor, or too high
to allow your family member
to get up from or on to without
difficulty.
• Remove throw rugs and secure
carpets.
• Ask family, friends, or caregiv-
ers to always return furniture
to its original location. This is
especially helpful if your loved
one is sight-impaired.
• Make phones easily acces-
sible from various rooms in
the home, so that your family
member will not have to get up
quickly and risk falling when
trying to answer the phone.
• Make certain living areas are
free from clutter to avoid the
risk of your loved one tripping
and falling.
• Make certain daily items that
your loved one needs to use are
easily accessible so that he or
she does not have to get up on a
stool or ladder or bend over to
get items.
Mobility
• Install handrails on both sides
of stairways, if possible.
- 6 -
7. ESINCEYOUCAR
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complete. You can check with your
local Better Business Bureau or
your city/county Consumer Affairs
Office regarding the contractor’s
reliability and performance record.
Resources
to Get You Started
Books and Publications
How To Care for Aging Parents
This book is a useful starting point
for those finding themselves in a
caregiver’s role for parents or any
other older relative. It provides
information on health care issues,
caregiver concerns, community and
facility based services as well as an
extensive listing of helpful agencies
• Mark the first and last stair with
a strip of bright paint or colored
adhesive tape made specifically
for stair steps.
• Place non-skid strips in the tub
or shower.
• Install grab bars in the tub or
shower and next to the toilet.
• Install an elevated seat on the
toilet if it is too low and your
loved one has difficulty getting
on and off.
If you need to hire a contractor for
home modifications, be sure that
the contractor is reliable. Use rec-
ommendations from friends, check
references, insist on a valid con-
tract, do not pay in cash, and do not
pay the bill in full until the job is
and organizations, with contact
information to assist caregivers. It
includes a section with informa-
tion and tips specific to safety and
fall prevention. Morris, Virginia,
(2004), Workman Publishing
Company, $18.95
ISBN: 0761134263
The 36-Hour Day: A Family
Guide to Caring for Persons
With Alzheimer Disease, Related
Dementing Illnesses, and Memory
Loss in Later Life
This book provides valuable infor-
mation for families coping with
Alzheimer’s and other similar dis-
orders. It gives factual information
related to both the physical and
psychological aspects of the disor-
ders and the impact they have on
the caregivers involved. The book
looks at safety concerns, including
falls that are present with demen-
tia, and provides guidance for care-
givers to address these concerns.
Mace, N.L., Rabins, P.V., (2006).
Mass Market Paperback, $9.99
ISBN: 0446610410
Balance Your Life: A Guide to
Preventing Falls
This 28-page guide, produced
by the New York Presbyterian
Hospital, provides an overview of
the factors that can increase the
chance of falling and measures that
can be taken to reduce the risk. It
covers home safety measures, use
of assistive devices, health issues,
- 7 -
8. medication concerns, and vision
changes. It discusses the importance
of exercise as a preventive measure
and provides illustrations and guide-
lines for exercising. The brochure
can be downloaded and printed at:
www.nyprehabmed.org/pdf/Falls_
BROCHURE.pdf.
Internet Sites
Caregiver Adaptations to Reduce
Environmental Stress (CARES)
The National Resource Center for
Supportive Housing and Home
Modification, with a grant from the
Administration on Aging (AoA),
Department of Health and Human
Services as part of the National
Family Caregiver Support Program,
has developed a program called
“Caregiver Adaptations to Reduce
Environmental Stress” (CARES).
The program is intended to encour-
age improved systems of supportive
services, including assistive devices
and home modification to reduce the
strain on caregivers.
The site includes a brochure and
fact sheets in five languages related
to home modifications and assistive
devices that can assist caregivers.
Access the site at: http://homemods.
org/folders/cares-project/index.shtml
and click on “Center Publications.”
Caregivers can also obtain a listing of
helpful resources by clicking on the
heading “Link” at the web address
above.
Dynamic Living
This site offers products and equip-
ment to make life easier and safer.
It may be accessed on the Internet
at www.dynamic-living.com, or call
888-940-0605, Monday-Friday 9 a.m.
to 6 p.m. EST.
MedlinePlus
MedlinePlus brings together infor-
mation from the U.S. National
Library of Medicine (NLM), the
National Institutes of Health (NIH),
and other government agencies and
health-related organizations. It pro-
vides information on medical con-
ditions, medications, healthy living,
and the latest health related news.
It includes an extensive section on
falls with a tutorial with frequently
asked questions and a slide show
on how to prevent falls. It can be
accessed at: www.nlm.nih.gov/med-
lineplus/falls.html.
National Association of Area
Agencies on Aging (n4a)
The n4a at www.n4a.org is the
umbrella organization for the 655
Area Agencies on Aging through-
out the United States, which pro-
vide information and services for
older adults and their families. The
federally-funded Eldercare Locator,
administered by n4a, provides call-
ers with information about local
services by zip code. Call 800-677-
1116, 9:00 a.m.-8:00 p.m. ET, or
access it at www.eldercare.gov.
ESINCEYOUCAR
Y
Y
National Center for Injury
Prevention and Control
The National Center for Injury
Prevention and Control, part of
the Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention, provides an on-
line program with tips for pre-
venting falls. It covers the benefits
of exercise, measures to promote
home safety, the importance of
reviewing medications and their
possible side effects with a health
care professional, and issues
related to vision and fall preven-
tion. The website can be accessed
at: www.cdc.gov/ncipc/duip/
spotlite/falls.htm. The site also
contains a toolkit for preventing
falls and offers two brochures,
What YOU Can Do To Prevent
Falls and Check For Safety: A
Home Fall Prevention Checklist for
Older Adults, which are available
in English, Spanish and Chinese.
They can be downloaded and
printed or ordered through the
website at: www.cdc.gov/ncipc/
duip/fallsmaterial.htm.
- 8 -
11. ESINCEYOUCAR
Y
Y
The Fall Prevention Project
Temple University’s Fall Prevention
Project is a federally-funded grant
project established to inform and
educate older adults, health care
practitioners and students about
the causes of falls in older adults.
Assessment, rehabilitation, and
health promotion measures are
discussed. In-Home Safety Check
and Check It Out brochures with
information about home safety, the
causes of falls, and fall prevention
are available in multiple languages.
They can be ordered by e-mail or
downloaded and printed from the
website. The website also provides
links to other resources for fall pre-
vention. www.temple.edu/older_
adult/.
The Wright Stuff-Health Care
Products That Make Life A Little
Easier
This site offers adaptive equipment
and products to individuals with
various health care needs. Access it
on the Internet at
www.thewright-stuff.com or call
877-750-0376, Monday-Friday,
8 a.m. to 5 p.m. CST.
The National Resource Center for
Safe Aging (NRCSA)
The National Resource Center for
Safe Aging (NRCSA) was estab-
lished to increase awareness and
knowledge about injuries among
older Americans by providing
reliable and useful information to
public health professionals, older
adults, caregivers, and family mem-
bers. It provides an online resource
with articles, brochures, on-line
courses, safety checklists, and links
to other helpful websites. The web-
site can be accessed at http://www.
safeaging.org/model/default.asp.
The Do-Able Renewable Home
The Do-Able Renewable Home
is an on-line resource created
by AARP to provide informa-
tion on how to make one’s home
safer in the face of challenges that
may accompany aging includ-
ing limited mobility, decreased
strength or dexterity, and changes
in vision and hearing. The site can
be accessed at: www.homemods.
org/library/drhome/. It provides
information related to a number of
impairments and looks at adapta-
tions in various rooms to accom-
modate changes in ability.
Useful Tool
Attached within is a Home Safety
Checklist to help you assess the
fall prevention readiness of your
family member’s environment.
- 11 -
Endnotes
1
Falls Among Older Adults: An Overview,
Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention
http://www.cdc.gov/ncipc/factsheets/
adultfalls.htm, accessed via internet
8/07.
2 Ibid.
3 Kochera, A., Falls Among Older Persons
and the Role of the Home: An analysis
of Cost, Incidence, and Potential Savings
from Home Modifications, AARP Public
Policy Institute, Issue Brief Number
56, March 2002, http://assets.aarp.org/
rgcenter/il/ib56_falls.pdf.
4 Ibid.