Name : Renathan Agustianus NIM : 20190900012 Major : Industrial Engineering Faculty : Science and Technology Courses : Bahasa Inggris 2 Lecturer : Harisa Mardiana FInal Exam

1. Nama :RenathanAgustianus Jurusan : TeknikIndustri
NIM : 20190900012 Mata Kuliah : BahasaInggris
Dosen :HarisaMardiana
Facts and Opinions about COVID-19
In December 2019, a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has been identified to cause acute
respiratory disease in humans. An outbreak of this disease has been reported in mainland
China with the city of Wuhan as the recognized epicenter. The disease has also been exported
to other countries, including the Philippines, but the level of spread is still under control (as
of 08 February 2020). To describe and predict the dynamics of the disease, several
preliminary mathematical models are formulated by various international study groups. Here,
the insights that can be drawn from these models are discussed, especially as inputs for
designing strategies to control the epidemics. Proposed model-based strategies on how to
prevent the spread of the disease in local setting, such as during large social gatherings, are
also presented. The model shows that the exposure time is a significant factor in spreading
the disease. With a basic reproduction number equal to 2, and 14-day infectious period, an
infected person staying more than 9 hours in the event could infect other people. Assuming
the exposure time is 18 hours, the model recommends that attendees of the social gathering
should have a protection with more than 70 percent effectiveness. (Rabajante, 2019)
Coronaviruses have caused two large-scale pandemics in the past two decades, SARS and
Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)8,9. It has generally been thought that SARSr-
CoV—which is mainly found in bats—could cause a future disease outbreak10,11. Here we
report on a series of cases caused by an unidentified pneumonia disease outbreak in Wuhan,
Hubei province, central China. This disease outbreak—which started from a local seafood
market—has grown substantially to infect 2,761 people in China, is associated with 80 deaths
and has led to the infection of 33 people in 10 additional countries as of 26 January 202012.

2. Typical clinical symptoms of these patients are fever, dry cough, breathing difficulties
(dyspnoea), headache and pneumonia. Disease onset may result in progressive respiratory
failure owing to alveolar damage (as observed by transverse chest computerized-tomography
images) and even death. The disease was determined to be caused by virus-induced
pneumonia by clinicians according to clinical symptoms and other criteria, including a rise in
body temperature, decreases in the number of lymphocytes and white blood cells (although
levels of the latter were sometimes normal), new pulmonary infiltrates on chest radiography
and no obvious improvement after treatment with antibiotics for three days. It appears that
most of the early cases had contact history with the original seafood market; however, the
disease has now progressed to be transmitted by human-to-human contact. (Zhou, 2019)
Public behavior influences the spread of the new Corona virus desease 2019 (COVID-19).
Human behavior is influenced by human knowledge. The objective of the research is to asses
the knowledge of COVID-19 among the community. This research is an online cross-
sectional survey. The questionnaire consisted of 16 myth statements. Sample of this research
used convenience sample consists of 130 people. Data processed by percentage. Result:
percentage of 6 statements above 50 percent as facts. (Geldsetzer.P, 2020)
Opinion about covid19 :
1. The origin of the weather is a factor that influences COVID-19.
tropical climate helps inhibit the spread of the corona virus and makes the virus
unstable. The two experts whose studies were referred to by the BMKG Team said
that the weather was a supporting factor, but not a determining factor, the spread of
COVID-19, especially in the first wave in China. (Naimi, 2019)
2. The human immune system changes each season and mostly weakens in cold
weather.
Human immunity has a different rhythm every day even season.

3. As such, these findings reinforce indications of the influence of weather on the spread
of COVID-19. This study also confirms the tentative conclusions that mention the
distribution of COVID-19 cases when the first wave in subtropical climate zones
tends to have higher vulnerability compared to tropical countries. (Riddel, 2019)
3. Warm air temperatures in the spring are key in the study of the effect of weather
on the spread of the corona virus.
no one can yet ascertain the nature of the SARS-CoV-2 virus against the seasons in
the world. Because this virus is a new type that can be different from the previous
type of virus that causes SARS. (Aldridge, 2019)
4. Do not expect deus ex machina in an effort to suppress the corona virus.
the world community does not have to rely entirely on seasonal changes or warm
weather to suppress the spread of the corona virus. The fact that an increasing number
of corona infections occur worldwide is indicative of the absence of deus ex machina
or a helper that just comes. (Neuman, 2019)
5. Maintaining health and limiting physical interactions are still the key to
suppressing the spread of the corona virus.
seasonal changes will also affect the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus as occurs in the
previous type of corona virus that causes SARS. Even so, the impact of climate
change is not so significant without coupled with the application of restrictions on
physical interaction. (Skinner, 2019)
That's what I learned from google what is covid-19, facts and opinions. So sorry if
there are a lot of wrong words in the essay that I made.
Thank you so much

4. REFERENCES :
J. F. Rabajante, “Insights from early mathematical models of 2019-nCoV acute respiratory
disease (COVID- 19) dynamics,” Early Model 2019-nCOV ARD Dyn., 2019.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.05296
P. Zhou et al., “A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat
origin,” Nature, vol. 2019, no. January, 2020.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2012-7?rel=outbound
Geldsetzer P. Knowledge and Perceptions of COVID-19Among the General Public in the
United States and the United Kingdom: A Cross-sectional Online SURVEI. Ann Intern Med.
2020; [Epub ahead of print 20 March 2020]
https://doi.org/10.7326/M20-0912
Alessio Notari1∗ 1 Departament de FísicaQuàntica i Astrofisíca&Institut de Ciènciesdel
Cosmos (ICCUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2003.12417.pdf
South China Morning Post “A third of coronavirus cases may be ‘silent carriers’, classified
Chinese data suggests”
https://www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/3076323/third-coronavirus-cases-may-be-
silent-carriers-classified
“Annals of Internal Medicine”
https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/M20-0912
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): What parents should know
https://www.unicef.org/stories/novel-coronavirus-outbreak-what-parents-should-know