This document provides information about cultural awareness training presented by Timothy Baigent including:
- Contact information for Timothy Baigent who provides training on smart cards, smart books, and cultural awareness.
- Key concepts in cultural awareness training including understanding a culture's psychology, sociology, politics and how to apply that understanding in interactions with people from that culture.
- A worksheet to analyze the values, behaviors, beliefs, symbols, and other aspects of a target culture.
- Components of building rapport including showing positivity, coordinating appropriately, and paying attention to the other person through small talk and active listening to establish trust and mutual goals.
- Techniques for building short, medium, and long-
In broad terms, cultural geography examines the cultural values, practices, discursive and material expressions and artefacts of people, the cultural diversity and plurality of society.
It also emphasizes on how cultures are distributed over space, how places and identities are produced, how people make sense of places and build senses of place, and how people produce and communicate knowledge and meaning.
AP Human Geography: Unit 3 - Cultural Geography: Part 1 SampleDaniel Eiland
This sample of Part 1 of the AP Human Geography Unit 3 Powerpoint includes 114 slides of information introducing concepts of culture, popular culture, and folk culture. It includes maps, higher-order thinking questions, vocabulary words, mind-mapping tools, and other resources to help educate your students on all of the necessary concepts for the AP Test.
Topics Covered: Cultural Geography, Cultural Ecology, Cultural Landscapes, Environmental Determinism, Possibilism, Environmental Perception, Cultural Determinism, Cultural Traits, Cultural Complex, Culture System, Culture Region, Cultural Realm, Cultural Hearths, Independent Inventions, Folk Culture Regions, Indigenous Cultures, Folk Music, Folk Architecture, Effects of Popular Culture and many others.
In broad terms, cultural geography examines the cultural values, practices, discursive and material expressions and artefacts of people, the cultural diversity and plurality of society.
It also emphasizes on how cultures are distributed over space, how places and identities are produced, how people make sense of places and build senses of place, and how people produce and communicate knowledge and meaning.
AP Human Geography: Unit 3 - Cultural Geography: Part 1 SampleDaniel Eiland
This sample of Part 1 of the AP Human Geography Unit 3 Powerpoint includes 114 slides of information introducing concepts of culture, popular culture, and folk culture. It includes maps, higher-order thinking questions, vocabulary words, mind-mapping tools, and other resources to help educate your students on all of the necessary concepts for the AP Test.
Topics Covered: Cultural Geography, Cultural Ecology, Cultural Landscapes, Environmental Determinism, Possibilism, Environmental Perception, Cultural Determinism, Cultural Traits, Cultural Complex, Culture System, Culture Region, Cultural Realm, Cultural Hearths, Independent Inventions, Folk Culture Regions, Indigenous Cultures, Folk Music, Folk Architecture, Effects of Popular Culture and many others.
Power Point Presentation on Effective Intercultural Communication. The presentation shows: what is meant by culture and intercultural communication, different types of communication, the most common problems that hinder effective intercultural communication and possible solutions, intercultural communication in the classroom and in our city, and finally some tips to improve intercultural communication.
Power Point Presentation on Effective Intercultural Communication. The presentation shows: what is meant by culture and intercultural communication, different types of communication, the most common problems that hinder effective intercultural communication and possible solutions, intercultural communication in the classroom and in our city, and finally some tips to improve intercultural communication.
“We are being judged by a new yardstick; not just how smart we are, or by our training and expertise, but
also how well we handle
ourselves and each other.”
Personality assessments are indicators of tendencies, NOT definitive guidelines or answers. This information is meant to inspire personal growth and better understanding of others, not to be taken as gospel.
Historical trauma and the impact of settler colonialism in the US and beyond (if you use this- please site me). Impact of colonialism in the US and beyond.
Cosmology Similar to a culture but emphasizes howwhat count.docxfaithxdunce63732
Cosmology
Similar to a culture but emphasizes how/what counts as science, religion, politics,economics,
morality, ethics, nature, and the ultimate truth of the world or universe are all connected
especially in terms of the categorical understandings of a culture.
SapirWhorf Hypothesis
Talks about the influence of language on thought and perception and categorical thinking.
what is “wrong”, “very wrong”, “bad”
"We dissect nature along lines laid down by our native language. The categories and types that
we isolate from the world of phenomena we do not find there because they stare every observer
in the face; on the contrary, the world is presented in a kaleidoscope flux of impressions which
has to be organized by our minds — and this means largely by the linguistic systems of our
minds. We cut nature up, organize it into concepts, and ascribe significances as we do, largely
because we are parties to an agreement to organize it in this way— an agreement that holds
throughout our speech community and is codified in the patterns of our language […] all
observers are not led by the same physical evidence to the same picture of the universe, unless
their linguistic backgrounds are similar, or can in some way be calibrated.”
Ex. the idea of empty was equated with safe for these people when in fact the empty containers
were more dangerous because they contained more flammable vapors.
Franz Boas
Commitment to empiricism (emphasis on experience and evidence from observation/experiment
as opposed to basing knowledge on tradition or an innate understanding).
Field research and extended residence, learn Language, social relations with Informants
Emphasized the importance of culturally acquired norms as opposed to biological determinism
Rejected a notion of cultural evolution or stages of cultural evolution of the savage, the
barbarian, and the civilized.
Refuted biological conceptions of race
Boas made some innovations to his study:
◦He learned the local language and talked to people
◦He stayed a long time and participated in the everyday life of people
◦He learned their technologies and way of life
◦He defended Inuit way of life as logical,reasonable and deserving respect
Ethnography the study and systematic recording of human cultures and individual customs
Enlightenment philosophy defended rationality and idea of civilization against
tradition/religion/superstition
Ex. Azande and witchcraft—make rational
Kula (Malinowski shows how this practice make sense to those who could have thought it was
irrational)
In Enlightenment ideas the concept of civilization was considered to be the highest form of
human achievement. One goal of the Enlightenment was to break down tradition or religious
understandings as the ultimate source of truth.
“civilization can be defined as that which advances man's knowledge and virtue”, try to reason
everything.
Emic—from the perspective of the subject or th.
World War 2 Essay | Essay on World War 2 for Students and Children in .... WWII Essay work November 13th. Beautiful Ww2 Essay ~ Thatsnotus. Post-World War II America - Free Essay Example | PapersOwl.com. Women world war ii essay - pdfeports867.web.fc2.com. World War II Issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays .... World War 2 Essay Example for Free - 1041 Words | EssayPay. Warfare During World War Ii Essay. Sample History Research Paper Summary on The World War II. World War II Essay - Essay Introduction: Hook: "God and history will .... World War 2 - GCSE History - Marked by Teachers.com. Ww2 Essays Topics. Essays about the causes of world war 2. Second World War essay - A-Level History - Marked by Teachers.com. World War II Paper - Free Essay Example | PapersOwl.com. World war 2 research essay. essay assistance. World War II | The Blog Of Dreams. Online Essay Help | amazonia.fiocruz.br. Wwii Essay Topics0 | World War II | Violent Conflict. The Consequences of World War II: Example of Couse and Effect Essay .... Causes of World War II Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays .... Essay World WAR II - ESSAY: WORLD WAR II War is one of the most tragic .... Ww2 Essays Free. History world war 2 essays. Germany, Hitler, and World War II Essays in .... Short essay on world war 2 - laboratorymanagement.web.fc2.com. World War II and Advancing Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well .... Narrative essay: Essay about world war 2. About World War II - Free Essay Example | PapersOwl.com. World War II Essay - WWII Essay Political economic and social reasons .... Comparing World War I and World War II - Free Essay Example | PapersOwl.com. Essays on world war ii - essayuniversity.web.fc2.com. World War 2 Essay Questions Essay About World War 2
World War 2 Essay | Essay on World War 2 for Students and Children in .... WWII Essay work November 13th. Beautiful Ww2 Essay ~ Thatsnotus. Post-World War II America - Free Essay Example | PapersOwl.com. Women world war ii essay - pdfeports867.web.fc2.com. World War II Issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays .... World War 2 Essay Example for Free - 10
Death of a Salesman Essay - GCSE English - Marked by Teachers.com. Death of a Salesmen Literary Analysis 600 Words - PHDessay.com. Death of a salesman and the american dream essay. Death of a Salesman - plot summary - GCSE Drama - Marked by Teachers.com. Death of a Salesman Essay Essay on Death of a Salesman for Students .... Death of a Salesman Essay Example Topics and Well Written Essays .... Death of a Salesman - A-Level English - Marked by Teachers.com. Death Of A Salesman Themes Free Essay Example. quot;Death of a Salesmanquot; by Arthur Miller - Free Essay Example PapersOwl.com. Death of A Salesman - GCSE English - Marked by Teachers.com. Death of a Salesman- Essay-Reflection Free Essay Example. The Main Character From Death Of A Salesman - Free Essay Example .... Death of salesman essays. Death of a Salesman Summary - Free Essay Example - 991 Words .... Death of A Salesman Essay - GCSE English - Marked by Teachers.com. Death Of A Salesman American Dream Thesis Statement : Introduction. Death of a Salesman Research Paper Example Topics and Well Written .... Death of a Salesman Essay Psychological Concepts Psychology .... Death of a Salesman. - GCSE Drama - Marked by Teachers.com. Essay On Death Of A Salesman. Phenomenal Death Of A Salesman Essay Thatsnotus. Essay websites: Death of salesman essay. English Essay- Death of a salesman - University Linguistics, Classics .... Neu Death Of A Salesman Summary Act 1. Death Of A Salesman Essays - Pourquoi partir avec Terre Autentik. Essay prompts for death of a salesman quotes. Death Of A Salesman Essay Tragedy. Death Of A Salesman Essay - - How to make a thesis statement builder .... Summary of the death of a salesman Essay Example Topics and Well .... Death of a Salesman Adam Mitchell. Explication of Death of a Salesman Essay Example Topics and Well ... Essay Topics For Death Of A Salesman Essay Topics For Death Of A Salesman
100 word response to the folowingMust use Chicago style citing an.docxvrickens
100 word response to the folowing:
Must use Chicago style citing and the textbook: Jandt, Fred E. (editor) Intercultural Communication: A Global Reader. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. 2004. Part I Cultural Values
Culture has many different meanings anywhere from historical perspectives to behavioral perspectives to different traditions that have been passed down from generations to generations.
Levi Strauss was interested in structuralism which he defined as “the search for unusual harmonies” (pg 1 Jandt). “There are many more human cultures than human races”, human cultures are counted by the thousands and human races are divided up by units.
The collaboration between cultures is trying to compare the old world with the new world. “No society is intrinsically cumulative. Cumulative history is the way of life of cultures and how they get a long together. All cultural contributions are divided into two groups; isolated acquisitions or features, the features are important but at the same time they are limited. The second group is systemized contributions which is how each society has chosen to express human aspirations. According to Strauss the true contribution of a culture is its difference from others.
Geert Hostede looks at business cultures and states that culture may be divided into four categories symbols, heroes, rituals and values. “Understanding people means understanding their background from which their present and future behavior can be predicted”. There are also four national cultural differences: 1.power distance-the population from equal to extremely unequal 2. Individualism -people have learned to act as individuals rather than in a group 3.masculinity- assertiveness or masculine values prevail over the feminine ones 4.uncertainty avoidance- people in a country prefer structured over unstructured situations.
References:
Jandt, E. Fred. Intercultural Communications. Thousand Oaks; Sage Publications. 2004. Print.
100 word response to the folowing:
Must use Chicago style citing and the textbook: Jandt, Fred E. (editor) Intercultural Communication: A Global Reader. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. 2004 Part I Cultural Values
Our culture is something that has been ingrained in us from an early age, and is largely unconscious. Levi-Strauss says that while certain biological traits were selected for us in the beginning of evolution, as soon as culture came into being, those biological traits were influenced by the dynamics of culture (Jandt, p. 6). Essentially, we are not able to separate ourselves from culture, and to do so would be to ruin what is wonderful and unique about each culture. According to Hofstede, all cultures have their processes, and their values. While things like symbols and rituals in a culture vary greatly, he says; “Values represent the deepest level of culture. (Jandt, p. 9)”
Because culture is deeply ingrained in us, all of the variants that Levi-Strauss and Hofstede discussed must be taken in account when dealing wit.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
3. Baigent’s hierarchy of cultural needs Knowledge = facts. Understanding is the ability to use those facts in the correct way. Understanding of the psychology, sociology, anthropology, politics of an area and how to use that in their culture. (cultural understanding). EX. understand Arab pride and how to use that in a negotiation. Understanding that in many nations the second party is the radical party (Hamas/Palestine, Hezbollah/Lebanon, Muslim Brotherhood/Egypt, Wahab/Saud relationship) Good interpersonal skills, humility and cultural knowledge. Humility with cultural knowledge. EX. Left hand, don’t show bottom of feet… Humility with “know” knowledge EX. Does not know the culture also does not know what they don’t know. Double ignorance. Only self and mission (kill them all and let God sort it out)
4. Why Culture The use of proper cultural resources has demonstrated a proven reduction in kinetic activity. According to Col. Martin Schweitzer, Commander of the 4th BCT 82nd Airborne, the unit’s combat operations in Afghanistan had been reduced by 60 percent over a period of eight months using cultural assets. (David Rohde, October 5, 2007, "Army Enlists Anthropology in War Zones". New York Times.)
5. Joining Global Network Jihad(data from Marc Sageman, currently being updated at University of Michigan) Friendship: 70% Band of mostly normal – even nice – guys Idealistic, compassionate toward their “brothers” Kinship: 20% Sons, brothers, first cousins Importance of in-laws & marriage to cement bonds between Mujahedin Discipleship: 10% Southeast Asia: JemaahIslamiyah(OEF TRANSFER)
6. Cultural Work Sheet Values (what is important to the people) Behaviors (what people do) Norms/Characteristics (pride/reserved, social interaction) Beliefs (religion, truths, superstitions, experiences) Language (heart language, misunderstanding, proverbs) Symbols (things, events) Social (age, gender, social status, nomadic) Political (power of position vs. power of person) History (identity, cyclical nature can be predictor) Economics (Hawala, production, distribution of wealth) Climate (temperature, seasons, weather patterns) Geography (water, location, terrain) Military (how influential/viewed, how funded) Popular Culture (current events/trends. Youth/”lower class” movements) Food (different tastes, cultural norms around food) Events are captured in time and place. May not transfer. (Care of sub-cultures)
7. Cultural Work Sheet Usage Identify pitfalls & possible bridges. Adapt to MOS. American Culture Target Culture
8.
9. Rapport is… “Confidence which leads to a willingness to cooperate.” FM 2-22.3 “Based on mutual respect and fostered by treating [people] with dignity and humanity.” Cross Cultural, Rapport Based Interrogation, FBI Photo Courtesy of U.S. Army
Rapport is…Rapport is… Confidence which leads to a willingness to cooperate. (FM 2-22.3)Rapport is… Based on mutual respect and fostered by treating [individuals] with dignity and humanity. (Cross Cultural, Rapport Based Interrogation, FBI)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Fire team Image Source: http://www4.army.mil/armyimages/armyimage.php?photo=11359Fire Team Image Permission: Images on the Army Web site are cleared for release and are considered in the public domain. Request credit be given as "Photo Courtesy of U.S. Army" and credit to individual photographer whenever possible. Fire Team Narrative: by Department of the Army, September 8, 2006. Soldiers from Battery B, 3rd Battalion, 320th Field Artillery Regiment, 101st Airborne Division, pause at the end of a patrol near Wynot, Iraq. This photo appeared on www.army.mil.
Essential Components(Animated slide: positivity” and “coordination” fade in on instructor cue)The foundation word behind the principle of building rapport is “attention”. Attention to the other person, their circumstance, their concerns, and their Values, Beliefs, and Norms.<cue animation>If “attention” is the foundation, think of “Positivity” and “Coordination” as the two critical, but negotiable components of rapport: you have to have them if you want rapport, but their function changes over time.Sources:Murphy, Moira & Valdez, Cecilia. (2005). Ravaging resistance: A model for building rapport in a collaborative learning classroom. Radical Pedagogy. ISSN: 1524-6345.Tickle-Degnen, Linda & Rosenthal, Robert. (1990). The nature of rapport and its nonverbal correlates. Psychological Inquiry, 1 (4), pp. 285-293.US Army FM 2-22.3FBI Manual on Cross Cultural Rapport Based Interrogation------------------------------------------------------------Arm wrestle Image Source: http://www4.army.mil/armyimages/armyimage.php?photo=9343Arm wrestle Permission: Images on the Army Web site are cleared for release and are considered in the public domain. Request credit be given as "Photo Courtesy of U.S. Army" and credit to individual photographer whenever possible. Arm wrestle Narrative: by Petty Officer 1st Class Michael Larson, February 17, 2006. Spc. Derek Castro, from the 490th Civil Affairs Battalion, engages in some good-natured arm wrestling with an Iraqi boy during a humanitarian visit to the town of Istaqal. This photo appeared on www.army.mil.
Attention(Animated slide: components and sub-components fade in on instructor cue.)Attention, or attentiveness, refers to an interest in the relationship and desire to establish mutual goals. This component works toward a unity or “feeling as one” and is other-focused rather than egocentric. The importance of attention remains constant throughout the relationship, though the nature of its expression varies. Interest in “other”Small talk – talking about things that don’t really matter – gives you the opportunity to listen.Listening is the easiest way to demonstrate your interest in the other person. Your non-verbal communication – facial expressions, eye-contact, and affirmations – will say much more than your “uh-huh” and “yeah”.<cue animation>Interest in the relationship“How do you do.” sends a different message than “How wonderful to finally meet you!” Non verbals like an embrace, a hand-shake (aside: think of the hand-shake as a mini-embrace), or the manner of your salute are all part of a proper greeting.Over time appropriate interaction changes. Here’s and example: A visitor, new to your home to meet the family, brings your spouse a box of expensive chocolates. Now, a long-time friend brings a box of expensive chocolates for your spouse to a family dinner. The same behavior has changed as the relationship has changed: in the first case the behavior may be inappropriate, while in the second case the chocolates would be a considerate gift.<cue animation>Mutual GoalsMutual goals are the very reason for the rapport, and they also change over time. Think of mutual goals as common areas of interest. The buyer wants the merchandise and the seller wants to move the inventory: the possession of something is the mutual goal. Here’s another: The Soldier wants harassing fire from insurgents to stop and the citizen wants peace in their neighborhood. Sources:Murphy, Moira & Valdez, Cecilia. (2005). Ravaging resistance: A model for building rapport in a collaborative learning classroom. Radical Pedagogy. ISSN: 1524-6345.Tickle-Degnen, Linda & Rosenthal, Robert. (1990). The nature of rapport and its nonverbal correlates. Psychological Inquiry, 1 (4), pp. 285-293.US Army FM 2-22.3FBI Manual on Cross Cultural Rapport Based InterrogationElders Image Source: http://www4.army.mil/armyimages/armyimage.php?photo=5108Elders Permission: Images on the Army Web site are cleared for release and are considered in the public domain. Request credit be given as "Photo Courtesy of U.S. Army" and credit to individual photographer whenever possible. Elders Narrative: by SGT Douglas W Plummer, March 7, 2005. LTC Robin Minonas conducts a village assessment and negotiates the needs with the village elders and educational leaders. The goal is to provide some 1,200 children using tent schools some security before winter arrives.
Positivity(Animated slide: components and sub-components fade in on instructor cue.)Positivity is a sense of “mutual friendliness and caring.”Warm and FriendlyA smile is the quickest way to convey friendliness. Many people will automatically respond to a smile with a smile. Touch (when appropriate) also communicates warmth and friendliness.<cue animation>Show HospitalityFood and DrinkThis is gift-giving and gift accepting. Accepting the gift validates the gift and the gift-giver. Rejecting the food or drink is a rejection of the gift, and so a rejection of the gift-giver. Here’s an important note on gift-giving: no relationship with a foundation on gifts can endure. The receiver begins to see the giver as a resource for stuff and the giver begins to resent the receiver. Gift giving must never be confused with “rapport”.RelaxCommunicating “I am relaxed” tells the other party “I feel safe with you”. If this safety is conditioned on matching firepower, you don’t have rapport you have an arms race. Looking relaxed often leads to the other person feeling relaxed.<cue animation>C A R EAll of these items on building rapport are both given and received if there is going to be genuine rapport. Think of your first love. If your affections were reciprocated, you had rapport and positive feelings. If they were received but not returned, you had frustration.A fair way to build rapport is to meet the other person half-way: to gage your intensity and timing just a little beyond their intensity and timing.Concern – Listening is one way to demonstrate concern. Enabling another person to meet their goals is another way to demonstrate concern. Concern makes you partners in the goal.Acknowledge – Validation is another word for acknowledge, it just didn’t fit my acronym! Acknowledge their authority and strengths, validate the reality of their concerns to them, the simple statement “I agree” has a high payoff in communicating acknowledgement.Respect – The Army Values define respect as “Treating people as they should be treated”. “Should be treated” is a combination of your cultural values, beliefs, behaviors, and norms combined with the other persons values, beliefs, behaviors, and norms.Empathize – Empathy never says “I’m sorry”, that’s sympathy. Empathy says “I understand”. To achieve empathy you need to feel what the other person is feeling. You need to understand their frustration, their fear, and their happiness. You are not responsible for their frustrations, fears, and happiness: you just need to feel it. Sources:American Psychiatric Association (1994). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. pp. 645–650. ISBN 0-89042-061-0.Murphy, Moira & Valdez, Cecilia. (2005). Ravaging resistance: A model for building rapport in a collaborative learning classroom. Radical Pedagogy. ISSN: 1524-6345.Tickle-Degnen, Linda & Rosenthal, Robert. (1990). The nature of rapport and its nonverbal correlates. Psychological Inquiry, 1 (4), pp. 285-293.US Army FM 2-22.3FBI Manual on Cross Cultural Rapport Based InterrogationLaugh Image Source: http://www4.army.mil/armyimages/armyimage.php?photo=132Laugh Permission: Images on the Army Web site are cleared for release and are considered in the public domain. Request credit be given as "Photo Courtesy of U.S. Army" and credit to individual photographer whenever possible. Laugh Narrative: by 1st Class Arlo K. Abrahamson, April 8, 2003. Iraqis share a laugh with a Spc. Michael Toro of the 101st Airborne in the city of Najaf during the unit's effort to distribute food to needy residents.
Coordination(Animated slide: components and sub-components fade in on instructor cue.)Coordination refers to the level of predictability and understanding in the relationship between all parties. Awkward at firstEveryone in a new relationship feels awkward and manages the feeling differently. However the other person is managing their awkwardness, you can manage your awkwardness by convincing yourself that you are comfortable. This will create the illusion that you are comfortable and will put the other person at ease. Laughter goes a long way if you are laughing with each other. This can’t be the silly “I’m nervous” kind of laughter. Laughing about your own awkwardness works, and laughing when the other person laughs works too.<cue animation>Lots of reassurance“Thank you” expresses gratitude and tells the other person they did something right. This expression of gratitude is on every language “must learn” list because saying thank you is a powerful way to build rapport.Forgive errorsForgiveness tells the other person that they are more important than their mistake. Forgiveness is important to the rapport of every relationship because it is the substance that repairs the inevitable damage that occurs during every relationship. You must be a master at forgiveness is you need long-term rapport.Clarify communicationCommunication is fraught with misunderstanding when we share the same culture. Communication is more likely to be misunderstood when the communicants are from different cultures. Ensure the message you sent across a cultural divide, over a language barrier, and through social filters is the same message received. Additionally, ensure the message you received is the message sent.<cue animation>Establish trustYour vulnerability is an opportunity for the other person to invest in the rapport relationship: not that the whole relationship should be formed on vulnerability! We have a couple of phrases that demonstrates the kind of vulnerability I’m talking about: “I got your back”, and “I’m covering your six”. When you allow the other person to cover your six, you are building trust.Start with little promises and ensure you keep them. If you fail on a promise, you must do all that’s reasonable to obtain forgiveness (which builds rapport) and then deliver on subsequent promises. Be aware that promises mean different things in different culturesSources:Murphy, Moira & Valdez, Cecilia. (2005). Ravaging resistance: A model for building rapport in a collaborative learning classroom. Radical Pedagogy. ISSN: 1524-6345.Tickle-Degnen, Linda & Rosenthal, Robert. (1990). The nature of rapport and its nonverbal correlates. Psychological Inquiry, 1 (4), pp. 285-293.US Army FM 2-22.3FBI Manual on Cross Cultural Rapport Based InterrogationBalance Image Source: http://www4.army.mil/armyimages/armyimage.php?photo=10355Balance Permission: Images on the Army Web site are cleared for release and are considered in the public domain. Request credit be given as "Photo Courtesy of U.S. Army" and credit to individual photographer whenever possible. Balance Narrative: by Jerry Harben, May 22, 2006. Sgt. Nathan Henry balances on rolling logs during the EFMC obstacle course. Henry is senior line medic for A Company, 2nd Battalion, 9th Infantry at Camp Casey, Korea.
Short-Term Rapport(Animated slide: answers wipe down on instructor cue)True rapport, based on trust and confidence, is not really possible in the short-term. However, the first 48 hours of interaction lays the foundation or sets the stage for the relationship. Short-term rapport is about 3-minutes to 3-days, and I’ve already given you all the considerations for short-term rapportI’m going to display the considerations and you tell me how that consideration looks when you see it.QUESTION: What behaviors communicate “Attention”?<cue animation>QUESTION: What behaviors communicate “Positivity”?<cue animation>QUESTION: What behaviors communicate “Coordination”?<cue animation>Please note the difference in the size of the circles. This is a graphic way to demonstrate that Attention and Positivity are the most important characteristics of short-term rapport, with Coordination being there but not as important.((Optional Business card PE: I handed out my business card to you at the beginning of training this morning. For Americans, our identity is found in what we do. What have you done with the “me” embodied in my business card? How might this affect our rapport?))
Medium–Term Rapport(Animated slide: sub-topics wipe down on instructor cue.)Medium-term rapport is about 3 days to 3 months. You may notice that all the circles are about the same size.Here’s a useful indicator that your efforts at rapport-building are working: If you get an introduction to someone you have not yet met: a family member, business partner, religious or political leader; you are effectively building rapport. Don’t ask for the introduction, but rejoice when it happens.<cue animation>AttentionSustain sincerity, patience, and consistency in dialogue. Remember details about family, home, and concerns: this lets the other person know you are really listening to what they say.Begin to establish mutual goals or easy to achieve and measure tasks. This gets the relationship and the team into the habit of success.<cue animation>PositivityTrust begins to develop as you gain familiarity with each otherAddress concerns with validation of their importance to the other personAllow disagreement without judgment<cue animation>CoordinationIf there are agreements, they are likely to be “soft agreements”. These are generally easy to accomplish without much investment of time and resources. These soft-agreements are a positive sign that the relationship is developing a positive rapport.The soft-agreements allow for some testing of the sincerity of the rapport-builders. There may be a testing of the boundaries of the relationship, determining “how far you are willing to bend.” This is a good thing because it means the other person feels sufficiently safe to test the boundary.
Long-Term RapportLong-term rapport is the duration of the relationship beyond three months.UNLESS … something negative happens to the rapport and you have to take a step back to fix it.Notice how “Coordination” has become the most important component of long-term rapport.AttentionRegular reinforcement of positive contact and behaviors ensures you keep getting the positive behaviors. You don’t have to be friends to have long-term rapport, but friendship could accidently develop. This friendship is a genuine emotional attachment to the welfare of the other person. Friendship is a good and an okay thing provided you understand it could influence your professional decisions.PositivityFocusing on what is working instead of what is not working will sustain a cooperative relationship. It’s okay to address what is not working, but that must not become the focus of the relationship if you want to maintain a positive rapport.Make note of every success and share it with the other person. Recognize their unique and important contribution to your successful team. Remember to say “thank you”.CoordinationFirm agreements can be achieved and expected in long-term rapport because firm agreements require an investment of some kind by all the participants in the rapport. The team has already coordinated small things requiring simple actions, so now they can coordinate big things require complex actions. Be aware that there may still be huge cultural differences between both parties that will still need to be addressed. With successful rapport building, you have sufficient investment in each other to explore those differences without damaging the relationship.