There are 7 extraocular muscles that control movement of the eyeball. The 4 rectus muscles and 2 oblique muscles are responsible for moving the eyeball in different directions. Each muscle originates in a different location and inserts on the sclera of the eyeball behind the limbus. The muscles receive nerve innervation from cranial nerves 3, 4 and 6 which allow for coordinated movement of the eyes. Understanding the anatomy of these muscles is important for diagnosing and treating eye movement disorders.

1. EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLES
Dr. Suresh Managutti
Department of Anatomy
SDM College of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Dharwad

2. Muscles of orbit
• Voluntary (striped)- 7
• 6 muscles (4 recti and 2 obliqui)- move the eyeball
• 1 muscle- LPS- elevates the upper eyelid
• 3 involuntary (smooth) muscles- superior tarsal
muscle, inferior tarsal muscle & orbitalis muscle

3. Extrinsic or extraocular muscles of
the eyeball
• 4 recti- SR, IR, MR, LR
• 2 obliqui- SO, IO
• 1 LPS

4. Extraocular muscles
• Origin
• Insertion
• Nerve supply
• Actions
• Applied (clinical) anatomy

5. Recti
• Origin – common tendinous ring of Zinn
• Insertion- to sclera in front of equator of eye ball
behind the corneo scleral junction (limbus)
M- 5mm behind limbus
I- 6mm
L-7 mm
S- 8mm

6. Obliqui
• Superior oblique –
• Origin-orbital surface of lesser wing of sphenoid
medial to common tendinous ring
• Insertion- to sclera ,posterosuperior quadrant of
eyeball behind the equator
• Inferior oblique-
• Origin- orbital surface of maxilla
• Insertion- to sclera , posterosuperior quadrant of
eyeball behind the equator, close to the SO

9. Section of orbit showing extraocular
muscles

10. Recti insertion

11. Obliqui insertion

12. Positions of extraocular muscles

13. Insertion of recti

14. Levator palpebrae superioris

15. Nerve supply of extraocular muscles

16. Nerve supply of extraocular
muscles
• SO4
• LR6
• AO3

19. Superior division of oculomotor nerve

20. Inferior division of oculomotor nerve

21. Trochlear nerve

22. Abducent nerve

23. Movements of eyeball

24. Movements of eyeball

25. Movements of eyeball

26. Movements of eye ball

27. Supports (stability)of eyeball
• Balanced movements of 4 recti ,2 obliqui
• Check ligaments
• Orbital fat

28. Ligaments of eyeball- supports

29. Periorbita, Tenons capsule

30. Ligaments of eyeball

31. Conjugate movements

32. Clinical anatomy
• Strabismus (squint)

33. Squint