This document discusses existing wildlife and threats to biodiversity in Pakistan. It outlines various species found in different regions of the country, including snow leopards, ibex, and markhor in mountainous areas. It also notes endemic species like the Chiltan markhor. Major threats include population growth putting pressure on resources, irrigated agriculture reducing forests, overhunting, competition with livestock, and loss of habitat from development. The severity of climate in desert areas further endangers species there like the houbara bustard and chinkara gazelle. Overall, uncontrolled development and hunting are reducing wildlife populations and threatening biodiversity across Pakistan.
24.wild life and wild life existing situation A series of Presentation ByMr A...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
A series of Presentation ByMr Allah Dad Khan Special Consultant NRM , Former DG Agriculture Extension KPK Province , Visiting Professor the University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan allahdad52@gmail.com
24.wild life and wild life existing situation A series of Presentation ByMr A...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
A series of Presentation ByMr Allah Dad Khan Special Consultant NRM , Former DG Agriculture Extension KPK Province , Visiting Professor the University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan allahdad52@gmail.com
14. wild life and endangered species A series of Presentation ByMr Allah Dad...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
A series of Presentation ByMr Allah Dad Khan Special Consultant NRM , Former DG Agriculture Extension KPK Province , Visiting Professor the University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan allahdad52@gmail.com
Science
Animal Species with their details - status, population, scientific name, weight, habitats, description, their important roles, and threats.
Animals included:
- Amur Leopard
- Saola
- Finless Porpoise
- Mountain Gorilla
- Snow Leopard
- Sundra Tiger
- Red Panda
- Marine Iguana
- Loggerhead Turtle
- African Wild Dog
Information taken from the internet, from credible sources.
Context created past 2020
14. wild life and endangered species A series of Presentation ByMr Allah Dad...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
A series of Presentation ByMr Allah Dad Khan Special Consultant NRM , Former DG Agriculture Extension KPK Province , Visiting Professor the University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan allahdad52@gmail.com
Science
Animal Species with their details - status, population, scientific name, weight, habitats, description, their important roles, and threats.
Animals included:
- Amur Leopard
- Saola
- Finless Porpoise
- Mountain Gorilla
- Snow Leopard
- Sundra Tiger
- Red Panda
- Marine Iguana
- Loggerhead Turtle
- African Wild Dog
Information taken from the internet, from credible sources.
Context created past 2020
Wildlife sanctuaries pk A Lecture By Mr Allah Dad Khan Agriculture Expert KP...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
Wildlife sanctuaries pk A Lecture By Mr Allah Dad Khan Agriculture Expert KPK at Peshawar Former DG Agri Extension KPK Province and Visiting Professor AUP Peshawar
You Can learn about
1. SOME ENDANGERED SPECIES OF PAKISTAN
2. A Brief introduction to Endangered Species
3. Classification of Endangered Species
4. Critically Endangered (CR) Species
5. Rare or Vulnerable Species:
this is the detail documents in which you will know the wild life in pakistan which include birds, mammals, reptiles, insects carnivorious, herbivorious etc
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...Open Access Research Paper
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs molecules having approximately 18-25 nucleotides, they are present in both plants and animals genomes. MiRNAs have diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate various developmental metabolisms, stress responses and other physiological processes. The dynamic gene expression playing major roles in phenotypic differences in organisms are believed to be controlled by miRNAs. Mutations in regions of regulatory factors, such as miRNA genes or transcription factors (TF) necessitated by dynamic environmental factors or pathogen infections, have tremendous effects on structure and expression of genes. The resultant novel gene products presents potential explanations for constant evolving desirable traits that have long been bred using conventional means, biotechnology or genetic engineering. Rice grain quality, yield, disease tolerance, climate-resilience and palatability properties are not exceptional to miRN Asmutations effects. There are new insights courtesy of high-throughput sequencing and improved proteomic techniques that organisms’ complexity and adaptations are highly contributed by miRNAs containing regulatory networks. This article aims to expound on how rice miRNAs could be driving evolution of traits and highlight the latest miRNA research progress. Moreover, the review accentuates miRNAs grey areas to be addressed and gives recommendations for further studies.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Diabetes is a rapidly and serious health problem in Pakistan. This chronic condition is associated with serious long-term complications, including higher risk of heart disease and stroke. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and hyperlipideamia can result in a substantial reduction in cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes 1. Consequently pharmacist-led diabetes cardiovascular risk (DCVR) clinics have been established in both primary and secondary care sites in NHS Lothian during the past five years. An audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery at the clinics was conducted in order to evaluate practice and to standardize the pharmacists’ documentation of outcomes. Pharmaceutical care issues (PCI) and patient details were collected both prospectively and retrospectively from three DCVR clinics. The PCI`s were categorized according to a triangularised system consisting of multiple categories. These were ‘checks’, ‘changes’ (‘change in drug therapy process’ and ‘change in drug therapy’), ‘drug therapy problems’ and ‘quality assurance descriptors’ (‘timer perspective’ and ‘degree of change’). A verified medication assessment tool (MAT) for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease was applied to the patients from one of the clinics. The tool was used to quantify PCI`s and pharmacist actions that were centered on implementing or enforcing clinical guideline standards. A database was developed to be used as an assessment tool and to standardize the documentation of achievement of outcomes. Feedback on the audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery and the database was received from the DCVR clinic pharmacist at a focus group meeting.
Prevalence, biochemical and hematological study of diabetic patients
Existing wild life By Allah Dad Khan
1. Existing Wild Life and
Threats to Wild Life Biodiversity
In Pakistan
By
Allah Dad Khan
2. EXISTING WILDLIFE IN PAKISTAN
1. The mountainous areas embracing the Himalayan, Karakorum and Hindukush
Ranges are rich in fauna and flora, as compared to other parts of the country.
2. These areas provide an excellent habitat for wildlife in the form of alpine grazing
lands, sub-alpine scrub and temperate forests.
3. These habitats support a variety of wild animals. The areas are difficult for human
beings to access, hence, most wildlife is present in reasonable numbers though some
are endangered for other reasons.
4. Some of the main wildlife species are the snow leopard, the black and the brown
bears, otter, wolf, lynx, Himalayan ibex, markhor, bharal, Marco Polo's sheep, shapu,
musk deer, marmots, tragopan and monal pheasants.
3. EXISTING WILDLIFE IN PAKISTAN CONTD
The snow partridge and snowcock reside at higher elevations. The Rhesus monkey,
common langur, red fox, black bear, common leopard, a variety of cats, musk deer
(over a limited area), goral, several species of flying squirrels, chakor, partridge and
pheasants (koklass, kaleej and cheer) live in the lower elevations.
Amongst these the snow leopard, musk deer, Marco Polo's sheep, and the brown bear
are endangered. The Tibetan wild ass and the blue sheep populations have been
reduced drastically.
The cheer pheasant is reported to be extinct from within Pakistan's boundaries, and is
included in the IUCN Red Data Book.
The western horned tragopan was reported to have disappeared from within Pakistani
territory, but has now been relocated to Indus Kohistan, although its numbers are low.
4. BIODIVERSITY IN PAKISTAN
Flora/Fauna Number of Species
In World In Pakistan Endemic
Plants 25,000 to 75,000
species
6,000 species 5,000
wild)
372 species
Mammals 18 orders 10 orders Chiltan
Markhor
Pakistan Sand Cat.
SuleimanMarkhor.
PunjabUrial.
Baluchistan Bear.
5. BIODIVERSITY IN PAKISTAN CONTD
Flora/Fauna Number of Species
In World In Pakistan Endemic
Mammals 4100 188
63Rodents,39 carnivores ,38 bats
, 25 hoofed animals , 11
insectivores , 9 aquatic animals , 3
primtes, one pholidota
Birds 8,600 species 666 migratory & resident species
Reptiles 6,500 species 174 species of which :
88 lizards ,72 snakes
10 turtles ,(2 marine, 8
freshwater) ,2 tortoises ,1
crocodile
1 Gavial
6. BIODIVERSITY IN PAKISTAN CONTD
Flora/Fauna Number of Species
In World In Pakistan Endemic
Amphibians 16 species
Fishes 2,600 species 525 species of which:
400 marine fish
125 freshwater species
Insects/
Invertebrates
750,000 species 20,000 species 700
marine
10. THREATS TO BIODIVERSITY.
More specific threats to biodiversity are posed by deforestation
(estimated at 1% annually), overgrazing, soil erosion, rampant
hunting and fishing, and agricultural practices. As a result, it is
estimated that at least 12% of the flora is threatened and several
of the faunal species are threatened too. However, the real status
of most species remains unknown. Some of the major threats
posed by human activities are discussed .
11. I. POPULATION GROWTH
The principal threat to biodiversity comes from the increased pressure on
natural resources produced by high population growth and demands for
increased standards of living.
The process of economic development itself widens inequality and may
force the poor to depend heavily on natural resources, while the development
models followed, in most instances, have been incompatible with the
sustainable use of natural resources
12. II. IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE
It is another major threat to both the riverine and mangrove forests of
Pakistan, which are fast disappearing Riverine forests were rich in a wide
variety of plants such as obhan, and animals like hog, deer, jungle cat, fishing
cat, and gray and black partridges.
Mangrove forests are particularly important habitats for certain fish
species as noted earlier. Both have been identified as endangered
ecosystems, and if they disappear they take with them a unique association
of species.
Marginal changes in water releases at certain times are critical to the
preservation of riverine habitats, it might br possible to accommodate them,
but if they require water diversions at times when irrigation demands are high
and water supplies are short, the chances of being able to maintain them are
low
13. III. HUNTING
Hunting has deep roots in Pakistani culture. It was the recreation of the
Moghul emperors and is still extremely popular today. Wild animals have
been hunted to extinction from hunting pressure. Various lizards and
snakes are hunted for their skins, as are crocodiles and the larger
mammals. Distributing the natural order has other more subtle
consequences.
The increase in the numbers of wild boars, jackals, and porcupines, for
example, is directly attributable to the elimination of their predators,
particularly the large cats.
14. III. HUNTING CONTD
A greater number of wild boars has led to the trampling and uprooting of
gropes and a reduction in the numbers of snakes, which in turn has led to
an increase in the number of rats, responsible for post-harvest losses of
grain.
The loss of birds of prey has led to an increase in undesirable bird species.
And having more birds can destroy undergrowth, through their droppings, or
even the roost tree itself, which in turn can lessen the ability to resist water
erosion, an ever-present threat in Pakistan.
15. IV. COMPETITION WITH DOMESTIC
LIVESTOCK
The main threats to the population of wild animals in the
northern mountainous regions include, the competition with
domestic livestock for existing natural forage, increasing
human interference in the form of cultivation, the construction
of roads, and hunting.
16. V. SCRUB FORESTS REDUCED TO SCANTY
GROWTH
The Himalayan foothills and the Potohar region, including the
Salt Range and Kala Chitta Range, are covered with scrub
forests, which have been reduced to scanty growth in most
places. Medium-sized animals like the Punjab urial, barking
deer, goral, chinkara, partridges (grey and black), seesee and
chakor are supported in these habitats. A variety of songbird
fauna also occurs in these areas.
17. VI . VAST INDUS FLOOD PLAINS HAVE BEEN CLEARED OF
NATURAL VEGETATION
Very little wildlife habitat has been left untouched. Only
animals like the jackal, mongoose, jungle cat, civet cat, scaly
anteater, desert cat and the wild hare occur in these areas.
Hog deer is found in riverine tracts. The crop residues and
wild growth support reasonable populations of black and grey
partridges.
18. VII.SEVERITY OF CLIMATIC CONDITION
Little vegetative cover, severity of climatic conditions and the great thrust of
grazing animals on the deserts have left wild animals in a precarious position.
Parts of Thall and Cholistan are now being irrigated, with the situation almost
identical to that of the flood plains. Chinkara is the only animal, which can still
be found in average numbers in Cholistan, but rarely in Thall.
19. VII. SEVERITY OF CLIMATIC CONDITION
CONTD
The blackbuck, once plentiful in Cholistan has now been eliminated. However,
efforts are being made to reintroduce them back into the country. A small
number of blue bulls are found along the Pak-Indian border, and some parts
of Cholistan. Grey partridge, species of sand grouse and the Indian courser
are the main birds of the area. Peafowl occur in some areas in Cholistan
20. VII.SEVERITY OF CLIMATIC CONDITION
CONTD
The Thar Desert supports a fair population of the Chinkara gazelle.
Peacocks are only found in the wild, mainly because of the protection they
enjoy in Hindu communities. The wild ass migrates from the Indian part of the
Rann of Kutch to the Pakistani part in search of food.
21. VII.SEVERITY OF CLIMATIC CONDITION
CONTD
The Houbara bustard is a regular winter visitor to the desert. Visiting
diplomats have hunted and reduced their numbers. The imperial sandgrouse
is another migrant visiting these areas. Grey partridges are frequently sighted.
The python is also threatened with extinction.
22. VII.SEVERITY OF CLIMATIC CONDITION
CONTD
The Sulaiman and Kirthar Ranges present habitats manifesting unique
characteristics. The former supports the straight-horned markhor, chinkara
and urial, whereas Sindh ibex, urial, chinkara and common leopard occupy
the latter. The straight-horned markhor, which is almost extinct from within
settled boundaries of Pakistan, occurs in somewhat fair numbers in the Tribal
Areas. The chakor, seesee and grey partridge are birds commonly found in
the tracts.
23. VII.SEVERITY OF CLIMATIC CONDITION
CONTD
The reed beds and tamarisk bushes along the rivers support hog deer and
black partridge populations. However, due to occasional heavy floods their
numbers have also been reduced. The Indus dolphin, fishing cat, and smooth
otter are found in the Indus River waters below the Chashma Barrage. The
gavial has become extinct in Pakistan. The crocodile is found in small
numbers in lower Sindh. Wild boar numbers have increased because of the
immunity they enjoy in a Muslim society that forbids its consumption by
humans.
24. VII.SEVERITY OF CLIMATIC CONDITION
CONTD
The animals found in the south-western mountains of Balochistan are: Sindh
ibex, Chiltan markhor, straight horned markhor, wild sheep, leopard, marbled
pole cat, Blandford's fox, chinkara, goitered gazelle and the marsh crocodile.
The cheetah, is believed to be extinct and the Makran (baluchistan) bear
critically endangered. The Houbara bustard (migratory), sandgrouse, black
and grey partridges, and the chakor and see see partridges are also found
here.
25. VIII.LOSS OF HABITAT
Irrigated forest plantations have emerged as the prevailing land use practice
for the last 100 years. These ideally provide excellent habitat for chinkara,
hog deer and blue bull. Forest management does not cater to the needs of
these wild animals. This, coupled with the poor implementation of laws has
resulted in the extinction of species in the irrigated plantations. Due to habitat
disturbances, the ungulates have failed to establish themselves, whereas the
partridges have flourished well.
26. VIII.LOSS OF HABITAT
The striped hyena and the wolf are widely distributed in the
sparsely populated parts of the country. However, information
about them is scanty. Information about carnivores in general
is difficult to obtain because of their nocturnal mode of life and
high mobility. The black bear and brown bear populations are
also not understood completely.
27. VIII.LOSS OF HABITAT CONTD
Birds of prey like the peregrine, cherrug or saker falcons,
tawny eagle, imperial and greater spotted eagles, osprey,
shikra, and the black-winged kite occur throughout Pakistan
but their population statuses are unknown.
28. IV. DEFORESTATION AND LOSS OF HABITAT
1. A greater threat to wildlife than hunting, however, is probably the
disappearance of habitat or the competition with domestic grazing animals.
2. The closed canopy forest in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province (KPK)
of Pakistan is reported to be shrinking at approximately 1% per year.
Pressure stem from commercial logging (though this is not extensive), and
the cleared areas.
3. More significant is the relentless, incremental incursions into the
forest by subsistence farmers; the killing of trees through lopping, burning,
and tapping; the development of small agricultural plots among the trees;
and excessive grazing by domestic animals.