GAAP and IFRS call for true and correct representation of material assets (inventory and WIP) of the reporting company. The valued inventory should have demand and the market price should be more than the reported value.
Kanban method in four easy steps. Enjoy kanban.
Kanban in 4 easy steps is one of the most popular Kanban presentations. Learn how to successfully implement Kanban in your business process or life. Get to know basic Kanban principles and to see how easily you can improve your productivity using Kanban boards.
The SAP QM module deals with quality management tasks integrated with other SAP applications. It supports quality planning, inspection, and control. Key components include inspection planning, lot processing, results recording, defects recording, quality certificates, and notifications. The quality inspection process involves creating an inspection lot, executing inspection, recording results and defects, and making a usage decision to accept or reject the material.
In today's Business Book Summary, you will get to know about Kaizen In Hindi! Using this Technique, you will be able to get your Goals easily with ease!
This Technique was used by Japanese people after World War 2! The result of which you can see! Today, Japan is so far ahead in technology from all countries in the world!
This document provides an overview of lean manufacturing principles. It defines lean manufacturing and the lean enterprise as philosophies focused on minimizing waste and meeting customer needs. The key aspects of lean covered include identifying the seven types of waste, implementing 5S techniques, designing cellular manufacturing layouts, using just-in-time processes, and value stream mapping to optimize workflow. The goals of lean are to continuously improve processes, reduce costs and lead times, and increase quality and efficiency.
Know about Just-In-Time and Lean manufacturing system. Find benefits and difference between JIT and Lean Manufacturing by Nilesh Arora, a founder of AddValue Consulting Inc.
This document provides details on the sales process for an ABCD vendor in India, including:
- Key steps in the process from creating a sales order to invoicing the customer and vendor.
- Master data requirements like document types, material master data, and pricing procedures.
- Business process diagrams illustrating the overall process flow.
- Functional design considerations for the solution including organization structures, master data, and system configurations.
- Technical requirements covering workflows, interfaces, reporting, and potential enhancements.
The process involves creating sales orders, generating automatic purchase requisitions, releasing purchase orders, posting goods receipts and invoices to track sales from order to payment for ABCD vendor materials
The JLL Design System was created to provide a unified set of design standards and UI components to ensure consistent experiences across JLL products and make development faster for teams. It includes a style guide, Sketch component library, documentation on ReadMe.io, and the component code in Storybook and TFS to provide tools for both designers and developers. Key goals are to improve consistency, efficiency, and meet objectives around adoption in Aero and other products over time.
Lean Business France provides lean management consulting services to help companies improve competitiveness through lean principles. They have over 20 years of experience implementing lean across manufacturing, services, and supply chains globally. Their services include lean assessments, training, workshops, and ongoing support in areas such as process optimization, problem solving, leadership, culture change, and supply chain management. They take a holistic approach focused on both technical tools and developing people and culture. The company is based near Toulouse, France but works with clients internationally.
Kanban method in four easy steps. Enjoy kanban.
Kanban in 4 easy steps is one of the most popular Kanban presentations. Learn how to successfully implement Kanban in your business process or life. Get to know basic Kanban principles and to see how easily you can improve your productivity using Kanban boards.
The SAP QM module deals with quality management tasks integrated with other SAP applications. It supports quality planning, inspection, and control. Key components include inspection planning, lot processing, results recording, defects recording, quality certificates, and notifications. The quality inspection process involves creating an inspection lot, executing inspection, recording results and defects, and making a usage decision to accept or reject the material.
In today's Business Book Summary, you will get to know about Kaizen In Hindi! Using this Technique, you will be able to get your Goals easily with ease!
This Technique was used by Japanese people after World War 2! The result of which you can see! Today, Japan is so far ahead in technology from all countries in the world!
This document provides an overview of lean manufacturing principles. It defines lean manufacturing and the lean enterprise as philosophies focused on minimizing waste and meeting customer needs. The key aspects of lean covered include identifying the seven types of waste, implementing 5S techniques, designing cellular manufacturing layouts, using just-in-time processes, and value stream mapping to optimize workflow. The goals of lean are to continuously improve processes, reduce costs and lead times, and increase quality and efficiency.
Know about Just-In-Time and Lean manufacturing system. Find benefits and difference between JIT and Lean Manufacturing by Nilesh Arora, a founder of AddValue Consulting Inc.
This document provides details on the sales process for an ABCD vendor in India, including:
- Key steps in the process from creating a sales order to invoicing the customer and vendor.
- Master data requirements like document types, material master data, and pricing procedures.
- Business process diagrams illustrating the overall process flow.
- Functional design considerations for the solution including organization structures, master data, and system configurations.
- Technical requirements covering workflows, interfaces, reporting, and potential enhancements.
The process involves creating sales orders, generating automatic purchase requisitions, releasing purchase orders, posting goods receipts and invoices to track sales from order to payment for ABCD vendor materials
The JLL Design System was created to provide a unified set of design standards and UI components to ensure consistent experiences across JLL products and make development faster for teams. It includes a style guide, Sketch component library, documentation on ReadMe.io, and the component code in Storybook and TFS to provide tools for both designers and developers. Key goals are to improve consistency, efficiency, and meet objectives around adoption in Aero and other products over time.
Lean Business France provides lean management consulting services to help companies improve competitiveness through lean principles. They have over 20 years of experience implementing lean across manufacturing, services, and supply chains globally. Their services include lean assessments, training, workshops, and ongoing support in areas such as process optimization, problem solving, leadership, culture change, and supply chain management. They take a holistic approach focused on both technical tools and developing people and culture. The company is based near Toulouse, France but works with clients internationally.
The document provides an overview of Kanban workflow concepts including:
1) Assignables like user stories, features, tasks, and bugs which define the work and its status.
2) Evaluating business value and severity to prioritize work, and estimating effort for user stories using a points system.
3) Standard statuses for work including backlog, planned, in progress, in review, in testing, and done to track progress through the workflow.
4) Additional rules like only working on one item at a time, not starting work without a ticket, and reporting impediments to the project manager.
In business, 'Gemba' refers to the place where value is created and improved. The 'Gemba Walk' is an activity that takes management to the front lines to look for waste (non-value added activities) and opportunities. The objective of Gemba Walk is to grasp the situation by involving everyone touching the process to understand the Purpose, Process, and People. It is only when the situation is understood that improvement is possible and more likely to succeed.
CONTENTS
1. Introduction to Gemba Walk
- What is Gemba?
- What Gemba is Not
- Why Gemba?
- What is the Gemba Walk?
- Why the Gemba Walk?
- Who's Doing It?
- Three Keys to Lean Leadership
- Objective of Gemba Walk
- Your Approach is Key
- Four Steps to Gemba Success
- Go to the Gemba - Don'ts
2. The Three MUs
- What are the 3 MUs?
- Explanation of the 3 MUs
- Approach for the 3 MUs
- What is Muda (Waste)?
- What is Mura (Unevenness)?
- What is Muri (Overburden)?
- How Seeing the 3 MUs Helps our Kaizen Eyes
3. Kaizen Eyes: Ability to See Opportunities for Improvement
- Ways to Devlop Kaizen Eyes
4. Taking the Gemba Walk: Tips for Observing
- Implementing the Gemba Walk
- Tips for Observing
- Getting Started
To download this complete presentation, please visit: http://www.oeconsulting.com.sg
The document discusses why so many PowerPoint presentations are ineffective and provides tips to create more engaging presentations, focusing on significance, structure, and simplicity. It argues that most presentations overuse text-heavy slides, lack structure and passion, and fail to clearly communicate the most important messages. Advice includes using fewer words per slide, telling a clear story, rehearsing aloud, and getting feedback to create presentations that truly inform and engage audiences.
This document discusses lean production and Six Sigma quality initiatives in supply chain management. It provides an overview of lean principles including just-in-time production, waste reduction, and continuous improvement. Six Sigma aims for near perfect quality through statistical analysis and reducing process variation. Both lean and Six Sigma use tools like value stream mapping, statistical process control charts, and problem solving methodologies to improve quality and efficiency in supply chains.
This Warehouse Management System application takes care of the inventory management needs of medium / large Warehouses and helps in complete automation. The system allows automatic / manual stack allocations for the incoming inventory, prints the barcode labels for easy / accurate identification, checks the positions of items once stacked, displays the positions automatically while issuing and provides Stock taking features for periodic inventory checking.
Cross functional reporting to make timelier and better informed decisions. Supports Multi–language.
More Information:
https://flevy.com/browse/business-document/lean-manufacturing-160
BENEFITS OF DOCUMENT
Learn how to eliminate waste to save time and make more money.
Learn how to apply simple Lean methods and tools in the workplace to improve productivity and quality.
DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION
Lean is a management philosophy based on the Toyota Production System (TPS). With Lean Manufacturing, you will be able to enhance value for your customers by improving and smoothing the process flow and eliminating waste. Simply put, with Lean, you will be able to increase productivity and create greater customer value with less resources.
By teaching this presentation, managers and employees will have a better understanding of the Lean principles and approach to eliminating waste, and will be more forthcoming to lead and participate in the Lean implementation process.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Understand the key concepts and principles of Lean
2. Acquire knowledge on the common Lean methods and tools and their applications to eliminate waste and create more value for customers
3. Identify ways to develop "Kaizen eyes" to look for improvement opportunities
4. Describe the various Lean roles
5. Define the critical success factors for sustaining a Lean culture
CONTENTS
1. Introduction to Lean Thinking
- The case for Lean Manufacturing
- Where did Lean originate?
- Toyota's philosophy
- Lean adoption in various environments
- Impact of Lean principles in industry
- Lean applications in manufacturing, process and service industries
- What is Lean?
- What Lean is not
- Traditional thinking versus Lean thinking
- Traditional culture vs. Lean culture
- Lean management framework
- Lean and six sigma
- Benefits of Lean manufacturing
Got a question about this presentation? Email us at support@flevy.com.
Kaizen is a Japanese philosophy of continuous improvement involving employees at all levels. The document discusses Kaizen and its implementation through a step-by-step process. Kaizen was introduced in Japan after WWII to help rebuild the country and improve management skills. It involves standardizing operations, measuring performance, innovating to meet requirements, and continually repeating the cycle. Kaizen is used extensively in product development to design efficient manufacturing processes. It employs lean thinking and has been shown to reduce costs, space needs, and improve worker satisfaction through its success in pull cellular manufacturing systems.
Implementing Kanban to Improve your WorkflowJennifer Davis
Tutorial from LOPSA East
System, network, and security senior engineers manage intricate relationships ensuring that everything from simple tasks to complex projects gets completed in a timely manner. In this workshop, we will talk about using agile processes to identify, visualize, and improve work.
Outline:
Overview of the kanban process. What is kanban?
Identify common problems.
Define common terminology explicitly.
Work through common problems as a group using kanban.
Identify metrics for improvement.
Review, next steps, additional resources.
At the end of this tutorial, attendees will have a solid understanding of kanban and agile processes to take back to their environments.
This document provides an overview of 5S, a methodology for organizing and standardizing a workplace. It describes the five disciplines of 5S: Sort, Set in Order, Shine, Standardize, and Sustain. These involve removing unnecessary items, properly storing necessary items, cleaning the workspace, consistently applying organization and cleaning methods, and sustaining the 5S practices. The document also defines related terms like Kaizen, Lean Manufacturing, muda (waste), and gives examples of applying 5S to improve work areas.
8 Wastes Of Lean PowerPoint Presentation Slides SlideTeam
Presenting this set of slides with name - 8 Wastes Of Lean Powerpoint Presentation Slides. This PPT deck displays nineteen slides with in depth research. Our topic oriented 8 Wastes Of Lean Powerpoint Presentation Slides presentation deck is a helpful tool to plan, prepare, document and analyse the topic with a clear approach. We provide a ready to use deck with all sorts of relevant topics subtopics templates, charts and graphs, overviews, analysis templates. Outline all the important aspects without any hassle. It showcases of all kind of editable templates infographs for an inclusive and comprehensive 8 Wastes Of Lean Powerpoint Presentation Slides presentation. Professionals, managers, individual and team involved in any company organization from any field can use them as per requirement.
This document provides an overview of SAP Material Management (MM) and outlines the steps to configure the organizational and master data structures needed to perform procurement processes in SAP. Key points include: SAP MM allows companies to manage procurement and inventory; configuration involves setting up organizational units like plants, purchasing organizations and defining master data; and the procurement cycle follows the steps of determining requirements, creating a purchase order, goods receipt, and invoice posting.
The document provides an overview of lean principles and quality control tools. It discusses lean as a philosophy focused on eliminating waste through continuous improvement. The key lean principles are specified as: specify value, identify the value stream and eliminate waste, make value flow, implement pull, and continuously improve. Quality control tools covered include check sheets, Pareto analysis, histograms, cause-and-effect diagrams, and brainstorming. 5S methodology and its five disciplines are also explained as a tool to maintain an efficient workplace.
Sales And Marketing Analysis Report PowerPoint Presentation SlideSlideTeam
While designing a sales and marketing analysis report PowerPoint presentation presenter wants everything right. You can use our sales advertising PPT deck to lay emphasis on essential fundamentals of performance reporting. This content ready professionally designed organizational trend PPT graphics cover the slides like trading information, web analytics, product performance, progress description, key financials, key deliverables and timeline, market roadmap, website performance review, search engine rankings, monthly traffic source overview, return on investment, sales by regions and many more. With the help of our business performance reporting PowerPoint templates you can also cover related topics like business data examination, market trend analysis, global environment study, swot analysis, business strategy planning, promotion breakdown etc., which will help you to provide maximum opportunity for future profitable development. Encourage your audience with our sales and marketing analysis report presentation graphics. This is the time to download this presentation and hit the bull's eye. Generate amity with our Sales And Marketing Analysis Report PowerPoint Presentation Slide. Everyone will feel congenial.
This document provides an overview of SAP MRP (Materials Requirement Planning). It defines MRP and its objectives, describes the necessary master data, outlines the MRP procedures including material requirements planning and master production scheduling. It also explains the planning process, different planning run types, lot sizing procedures, and traffic light concept. The overall MRP process aims to ensure material availability and optimize costs by generating dependent requirements and planned orders.
MM provides inventory management and procurement functionality in SAP. It handles material master data, purchasing information, inventory valuation and goods movements. Organizational structures include company codes, plants, storage locations and valuation areas. Key documents include purchase orders, goods receipts, transfers and issues. Goods are valued using standard or moving average pricing at the plant level in different valuation areas. Special stock types track consignment, blocked or quality materials.
This document provides an overview of SAP Material Management (MM) and outlines the steps to configure the organizational and master data structures needed to perform procurement processes in SAP. Key points include: SAP MM allows companies to manage procurement and inventory; configuration involves setting up organizational units like plants, purchasing organizations and defining master data; and the procurement cycle follows the steps of determining requirements, creating a purchase order, goods receipt, and invoice posting.
Product School: Growth Explained by Facebook's Core Product ManagerProduct School
Understanding your users and how they discover and adopt your products is very important in building a product. Join Facebook's Core Product Manager, Yaron Fidler, as he discusses tactical techniques in gaining and retaining a strong user base.
This document provides an overview of the open-to-buy and inventory control process at a wholesale company. It discusses how sales and planning build quarterly sales plans and budgets that are used to determine inventory needs. Key factors like missed sales opportunities, excess inventory, factory lead times, and strategic initiatives are considered. The open-to-buy plan is then developed using historical data and metrics like turns and weeks of supply. Inventory levels are regularly monitored and forecasts are updated weekly based on sales performance.
Telco Construction Equipment Company (TELCON) manages its supply chain through strategic, tactical, and operational activities. At the strategic level, this includes network optimization and supplier partnerships. Tactical activities involve sourcing, production planning, and transportation. Operational activities include planning, sourcing, production, fulfillment, and performance tracking across the supply chain on a daily basis. An integrated supply chain management approach aims to deliver the right products to customers at the lowest cost by streamlining processes and information sharing between partners.
The document provides an overview of Kanban workflow concepts including:
1) Assignables like user stories, features, tasks, and bugs which define the work and its status.
2) Evaluating business value and severity to prioritize work, and estimating effort for user stories using a points system.
3) Standard statuses for work including backlog, planned, in progress, in review, in testing, and done to track progress through the workflow.
4) Additional rules like only working on one item at a time, not starting work without a ticket, and reporting impediments to the project manager.
In business, 'Gemba' refers to the place where value is created and improved. The 'Gemba Walk' is an activity that takes management to the front lines to look for waste (non-value added activities) and opportunities. The objective of Gemba Walk is to grasp the situation by involving everyone touching the process to understand the Purpose, Process, and People. It is only when the situation is understood that improvement is possible and more likely to succeed.
CONTENTS
1. Introduction to Gemba Walk
- What is Gemba?
- What Gemba is Not
- Why Gemba?
- What is the Gemba Walk?
- Why the Gemba Walk?
- Who's Doing It?
- Three Keys to Lean Leadership
- Objective of Gemba Walk
- Your Approach is Key
- Four Steps to Gemba Success
- Go to the Gemba - Don'ts
2. The Three MUs
- What are the 3 MUs?
- Explanation of the 3 MUs
- Approach for the 3 MUs
- What is Muda (Waste)?
- What is Mura (Unevenness)?
- What is Muri (Overburden)?
- How Seeing the 3 MUs Helps our Kaizen Eyes
3. Kaizen Eyes: Ability to See Opportunities for Improvement
- Ways to Devlop Kaizen Eyes
4. Taking the Gemba Walk: Tips for Observing
- Implementing the Gemba Walk
- Tips for Observing
- Getting Started
To download this complete presentation, please visit: http://www.oeconsulting.com.sg
The document discusses why so many PowerPoint presentations are ineffective and provides tips to create more engaging presentations, focusing on significance, structure, and simplicity. It argues that most presentations overuse text-heavy slides, lack structure and passion, and fail to clearly communicate the most important messages. Advice includes using fewer words per slide, telling a clear story, rehearsing aloud, and getting feedback to create presentations that truly inform and engage audiences.
This document discusses lean production and Six Sigma quality initiatives in supply chain management. It provides an overview of lean principles including just-in-time production, waste reduction, and continuous improvement. Six Sigma aims for near perfect quality through statistical analysis and reducing process variation. Both lean and Six Sigma use tools like value stream mapping, statistical process control charts, and problem solving methodologies to improve quality and efficiency in supply chains.
This Warehouse Management System application takes care of the inventory management needs of medium / large Warehouses and helps in complete automation. The system allows automatic / manual stack allocations for the incoming inventory, prints the barcode labels for easy / accurate identification, checks the positions of items once stacked, displays the positions automatically while issuing and provides Stock taking features for periodic inventory checking.
Cross functional reporting to make timelier and better informed decisions. Supports Multi–language.
More Information:
https://flevy.com/browse/business-document/lean-manufacturing-160
BENEFITS OF DOCUMENT
Learn how to eliminate waste to save time and make more money.
Learn how to apply simple Lean methods and tools in the workplace to improve productivity and quality.
DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION
Lean is a management philosophy based on the Toyota Production System (TPS). With Lean Manufacturing, you will be able to enhance value for your customers by improving and smoothing the process flow and eliminating waste. Simply put, with Lean, you will be able to increase productivity and create greater customer value with less resources.
By teaching this presentation, managers and employees will have a better understanding of the Lean principles and approach to eliminating waste, and will be more forthcoming to lead and participate in the Lean implementation process.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Understand the key concepts and principles of Lean
2. Acquire knowledge on the common Lean methods and tools and their applications to eliminate waste and create more value for customers
3. Identify ways to develop "Kaizen eyes" to look for improvement opportunities
4. Describe the various Lean roles
5. Define the critical success factors for sustaining a Lean culture
CONTENTS
1. Introduction to Lean Thinking
- The case for Lean Manufacturing
- Where did Lean originate?
- Toyota's philosophy
- Lean adoption in various environments
- Impact of Lean principles in industry
- Lean applications in manufacturing, process and service industries
- What is Lean?
- What Lean is not
- Traditional thinking versus Lean thinking
- Traditional culture vs. Lean culture
- Lean management framework
- Lean and six sigma
- Benefits of Lean manufacturing
Got a question about this presentation? Email us at support@flevy.com.
Kaizen is a Japanese philosophy of continuous improvement involving employees at all levels. The document discusses Kaizen and its implementation through a step-by-step process. Kaizen was introduced in Japan after WWII to help rebuild the country and improve management skills. It involves standardizing operations, measuring performance, innovating to meet requirements, and continually repeating the cycle. Kaizen is used extensively in product development to design efficient manufacturing processes. It employs lean thinking and has been shown to reduce costs, space needs, and improve worker satisfaction through its success in pull cellular manufacturing systems.
Implementing Kanban to Improve your WorkflowJennifer Davis
Tutorial from LOPSA East
System, network, and security senior engineers manage intricate relationships ensuring that everything from simple tasks to complex projects gets completed in a timely manner. In this workshop, we will talk about using agile processes to identify, visualize, and improve work.
Outline:
Overview of the kanban process. What is kanban?
Identify common problems.
Define common terminology explicitly.
Work through common problems as a group using kanban.
Identify metrics for improvement.
Review, next steps, additional resources.
At the end of this tutorial, attendees will have a solid understanding of kanban and agile processes to take back to their environments.
This document provides an overview of 5S, a methodology for organizing and standardizing a workplace. It describes the five disciplines of 5S: Sort, Set in Order, Shine, Standardize, and Sustain. These involve removing unnecessary items, properly storing necessary items, cleaning the workspace, consistently applying organization and cleaning methods, and sustaining the 5S practices. The document also defines related terms like Kaizen, Lean Manufacturing, muda (waste), and gives examples of applying 5S to improve work areas.
8 Wastes Of Lean PowerPoint Presentation Slides SlideTeam
Presenting this set of slides with name - 8 Wastes Of Lean Powerpoint Presentation Slides. This PPT deck displays nineteen slides with in depth research. Our topic oriented 8 Wastes Of Lean Powerpoint Presentation Slides presentation deck is a helpful tool to plan, prepare, document and analyse the topic with a clear approach. We provide a ready to use deck with all sorts of relevant topics subtopics templates, charts and graphs, overviews, analysis templates. Outline all the important aspects without any hassle. It showcases of all kind of editable templates infographs for an inclusive and comprehensive 8 Wastes Of Lean Powerpoint Presentation Slides presentation. Professionals, managers, individual and team involved in any company organization from any field can use them as per requirement.
This document provides an overview of SAP Material Management (MM) and outlines the steps to configure the organizational and master data structures needed to perform procurement processes in SAP. Key points include: SAP MM allows companies to manage procurement and inventory; configuration involves setting up organizational units like plants, purchasing organizations and defining master data; and the procurement cycle follows the steps of determining requirements, creating a purchase order, goods receipt, and invoice posting.
The document provides an overview of lean principles and quality control tools. It discusses lean as a philosophy focused on eliminating waste through continuous improvement. The key lean principles are specified as: specify value, identify the value stream and eliminate waste, make value flow, implement pull, and continuously improve. Quality control tools covered include check sheets, Pareto analysis, histograms, cause-and-effect diagrams, and brainstorming. 5S methodology and its five disciplines are also explained as a tool to maintain an efficient workplace.
Sales And Marketing Analysis Report PowerPoint Presentation SlideSlideTeam
While designing a sales and marketing analysis report PowerPoint presentation presenter wants everything right. You can use our sales advertising PPT deck to lay emphasis on essential fundamentals of performance reporting. This content ready professionally designed organizational trend PPT graphics cover the slides like trading information, web analytics, product performance, progress description, key financials, key deliverables and timeline, market roadmap, website performance review, search engine rankings, monthly traffic source overview, return on investment, sales by regions and many more. With the help of our business performance reporting PowerPoint templates you can also cover related topics like business data examination, market trend analysis, global environment study, swot analysis, business strategy planning, promotion breakdown etc., which will help you to provide maximum opportunity for future profitable development. Encourage your audience with our sales and marketing analysis report presentation graphics. This is the time to download this presentation and hit the bull's eye. Generate amity with our Sales And Marketing Analysis Report PowerPoint Presentation Slide. Everyone will feel congenial.
This document provides an overview of SAP MRP (Materials Requirement Planning). It defines MRP and its objectives, describes the necessary master data, outlines the MRP procedures including material requirements planning and master production scheduling. It also explains the planning process, different planning run types, lot sizing procedures, and traffic light concept. The overall MRP process aims to ensure material availability and optimize costs by generating dependent requirements and planned orders.
MM provides inventory management and procurement functionality in SAP. It handles material master data, purchasing information, inventory valuation and goods movements. Organizational structures include company codes, plants, storage locations and valuation areas. Key documents include purchase orders, goods receipts, transfers and issues. Goods are valued using standard or moving average pricing at the plant level in different valuation areas. Special stock types track consignment, blocked or quality materials.
This document provides an overview of SAP Material Management (MM) and outlines the steps to configure the organizational and master data structures needed to perform procurement processes in SAP. Key points include: SAP MM allows companies to manage procurement and inventory; configuration involves setting up organizational units like plants, purchasing organizations and defining master data; and the procurement cycle follows the steps of determining requirements, creating a purchase order, goods receipt, and invoice posting.
Product School: Growth Explained by Facebook's Core Product ManagerProduct School
Understanding your users and how they discover and adopt your products is very important in building a product. Join Facebook's Core Product Manager, Yaron Fidler, as he discusses tactical techniques in gaining and retaining a strong user base.
This document provides an overview of the open-to-buy and inventory control process at a wholesale company. It discusses how sales and planning build quarterly sales plans and budgets that are used to determine inventory needs. Key factors like missed sales opportunities, excess inventory, factory lead times, and strategic initiatives are considered. The open-to-buy plan is then developed using historical data and metrics like turns and weeks of supply. Inventory levels are regularly monitored and forecasts are updated weekly based on sales performance.
Telco Construction Equipment Company (TELCON) manages its supply chain through strategic, tactical, and operational activities. At the strategic level, this includes network optimization and supplier partnerships. Tactical activities involve sourcing, production planning, and transportation. Operational activities include planning, sourcing, production, fulfillment, and performance tracking across the supply chain on a daily basis. An integrated supply chain management approach aims to deliver the right products to customers at the lowest cost by streamlining processes and information sharing between partners.
The document discusses aggregate planning and inventory management, describing the hierarchical operations planning process and different inventory systems like MRP. It explains how to match supply and demand through aggregate production planning, master production scheduling, and capacity planning. The document also covers dependent and independent demand, different types of inventories, and the economic order quantity model.
1. Inventory management involves determining appropriate inventory levels and replenishment policies to balance inventory holding costs, ordering costs, and the need to meet customer demand.
2. Key aspects of inventory management include classifying inventory items, determining economic order quantities, setting reorder points, and using periodic or continuous review systems.
3. The goals of effective inventory management are to provide good customer service while minimizing total inventory costs.
This document provides a summary of 50+ standard reports available in the SAP ERP system organized by functional area. It includes the transaction code to run each report, a brief description of what information it provides, and what departments would typically use the report. The reports cover key areas like purchasing, inventory, production, sales, accounting, and more.
This document describes an Excel tool created to help Kone manage inventory orders from Meroni F.lli. The tool uses a periodic review inventory model to determine the optimal order interval, order quantities, and safety stock levels for each SKU. It estimates future demand based on production targets and consumption rates. The tool calculates the order interval, order quantities to maintain cycle stock levels, and safety stock amounts based on formulas. It also adjusts order quantities based on current inventory levels to maintain stock at the safety stock level. The document outlines the objectives, models, formulas, and calculations used in the tool to minimize costs while meeting a desired service level.
GM manages a large and complex supply chain network with over 20,000 supplier plants. Holding the right inventory levels is challenging due to uncertainties in demand and supplies. Risk pooling can help reduce total inventory levels by aggregating demand across locations, as variability is reduced when demands are combined. A centralized inventory system with a single warehouse was proposed for Acme to take advantage of risk pooling and potentially decrease total inventory investment.
Inventory planning involves determining optimal inventory levels to align with sales and production capacity. It aims to satisfy customers, forecast needs, control costs, and facilitate storage. Material requirements planning (MRP) is a production planning system that uses bills of materials, inventory data, and a master production schedule to determine manufacturing and purchasing requirements. The goal is to reduce costs and optimize inventory levels, production, and scheduling. Effective inventory control balances supply and demand through techniques like setting reorder points and periods, ABC analysis, and considering independent versus dependent demand.
ERP systems integrate key functions like accounting, manufacturing, sales, and inventory management into a single system. ERP helps companies better manage resources like employees, materials, and machines to produce quality products for customers. It provides software to aid processes like sales orders, purchasing, production scheduling, and accounting. ERP gives companies tools to improve delivery performance, reduce inventory costs, and increase profits when implemented properly.
Refresher of basic Materials Management terms. Sometimes the simple things are all that matters. These slides are easy to understand and would remind you what SAP MM is all about.
This document discusses key concepts of effective inventory management and control. It begins by outlining different inventory control methods like periodic review, re-order points, and perpetual inventory systems. It then discusses ABC analysis for classifying inventory items. The document provides definitions and explanations of concepts like economic order quantity, re-order level, safety stock, and techniques for determining order quantities. It evaluates costs associated with inventory like ordering costs and carrying costs. The purpose of inventory management and control is to minimize total inventory costs.
The document discusses the necessary configuration steps for material ledger in SAP, which establishes total absorption of production costs to inventory and cost of goods sold. It outlines 9 key steps for configuring material ledger, including activating valuation areas, assigning currency types, and defining movement type groups. It also describes the various transaction keys used for account determination, price and exchange rate differences, stock postings, and cost center crediting in material ledger.
The document discusses the necessary configuration steps for material ledger in SAP, which establishes total absorption of production costs to inventory and cost of goods sold. It outlines 9 key steps for configuring material ledger, including activating valuation areas, assigning currency types, and defining movement type groups. It also describes the various transaction keys used for account determination, price and exchange rate differences, stock posting, and cost center crediting in material ledger.
The document discusses several concepts related to just-in-time (JIT) production systems including:
- JIT aims to reduce inventory levels which exposes problems and inefficiencies that may otherwise go undetected.
- JIT fosters automation and reduced inventory levels, which may result in combining cost pools.
- A JIT manufacturer limits suppliers and requires top quality, small frequent deliveries with little raw material storage.
- Geographical proximity of suppliers is important to minimize shipping costs and facilitate communication.
The document provides an overview of resource planning systems like MRP and ERP. It describes the types of demand, evolution of material planning systems, and key components and processes of MRP like inputs, outputs, objectives, bills of materials, and lot sizing rules. It also discusses how ERP builds on MRP by integrating additional business functions for a holistic view of the organization. Benefits of ERP implementation include increased information flow and ability to replace disparate systems, though implementation requires significant costs, time, and management commitment.
The document discusses inventory adjustments in retail operations. It describes different types of inventory adjustments including adjustments to stock on hand and unavailable inventory. It outlines various methods for making adjustments in RMS and interfaces with external systems. Reason codes are used to track the purpose of adjustments and impact ending inventory calculations. Inventory buckets track different components of available and owned inventory.
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1. Excess and Obsolete Inventory
Reserves
Whitepaper
Manoj Rathi
Consulting Manager
Jade Global, Inc.
Jeff Roderick
Sr. Director and Ops Controller
Exar Corporation
2. 01
Introduction
GAAP and IFRS call for true and correct representation of material
assets (inventory and WIP) of the reporting company. The valued
inventory should have demand and the market price should be more
than the reported value.
A number of companies, especially in high-tech industry have
limited product life cycle and ever reducing market prices for their
products. Lead times for the entire supply chain are typically upwards
of 3 months and hence companies try to keep some stock against
forecast. Rapid developments and fierce competition sometimes leads
to excess and/or obsolete inventory, with less demand to consume
the available and committed supply (and pipeline).
Once reserved, this inventory can be valued again only if the demand
is materialized (i.e. material is actually sold). Add the complexity of
distribution channel inventory and purchasing commitments towards
suppliers, managing inventory reserves is a very time consuming job
for cost accounting professionals, more so if you are a manufacturer
with medium to highly complex product structures.
Another reserve (LCM – Lower of Cost or Market) is related to mark
down on available stock or work in process in case manufacturing
cost becomes lower than the market price. This would take into
account cost to complete and sell available inventory while comparing
current book value to market price.
Most companies create some kind of spreadsheet solutions to
calculate and manage reserves, which becomes unmanageable once
the business matures and there are a number of old products.
Inv/WIP
Oracle
Fab WIP
(Outside Oracle)
Disti/Inv
(Outside Oracle)
PO
Commitments
GUI
Inventory
Reserves DB
Historical
Reserves DB
Calculated
Reserves DB
Final Reserves
DB
Process
Engine
Forecast/
Demand
Rules
GUI GUI
GUI
GUI
GL
3. 02
Terms Defined
Following are the terms and their importance in calculating and
managing reserves:
Supply: This is the inventory through the relevant part of supply
chain. It includes raw material, semi-finished material and finished
goods and the work in process owned by the company. It may also
include any supplier inventory that your company is committed to
take possession and any inventory in the distribution channel that
your company has to accept returns or where revenue is not yet
recognized. Typical commitment is one node up and down the supply
chain.
Demand: This is the total of forecast and firm demand (sales
orders) for relevant demand horizon. For different companies the
demand horizon could be significantly different. Typically it is either
1 or 2 years demand blessed by all departments. If LCM reserves
are considered, the demand needs to be broken down in periods
with expected ASP for each period to get correct and detailed LCM
calculations.
E&O – Excess and Obsolete: Refers to Excess and Obsolete inventory
which has no demand.
LCM – Lower of Cost or Market: Refers to the minimum number
between the stated unit cost and market price for the product and
is applicable for products where market price has reduced below
production/procured cost. Some companies handle LCM reserves
by lowering the standard cost for their products, although it is not
possible if there are multiple end products being manufactured using
the same raw material. It also creates big manufacturing variances.
Cost to Complete (and Sell): This is the cost to complete in-process
material to its finished saleable form. It typically includes selling cost.
It usually goes with LCM calculations in case the material is not yet
finished.
ASP: Average Selling Price: Is the average of selling price for a
product across all demand channels (typically for the period under
consideration). This is used to determine if LCM reserves are
applicable for a product or not. If the ASP is lower than finished good
cost + cost to sell, then there is a need for LCM reserves.
Shipments: This represents actual sales to end customers (or tier
2 customers) when typically revenue is recognized. This does not
represent shipments to replenish/load distribution channels.
EGU – Effective Good Units: the expected finished good quantity
for a lower level supply considering standard yield loss at each
manufacturing stage and/or operation.
Calculating E&O Reserves
The process to calculate E&O reserves involves netting of supply
and demand. The demand would be ideally sorted by near term to
long term with firm demand being considered first. The supply would
be sorted such that supply closest to consumption point would be
considered first – distribution channel inventory followed by finished
goods, followed by WIP and semi-finished goods, followed by raw
material. Purchasing commitments (or supplier inventory) would be
considered last.
Steps to calculate and manage E&O Reserves
• Extract supply and demand data from ERP system; upload
additional data as required.
• Net Supply and Demand to calculate excess supply in the supply
chain
• First consume available supply for finished goods.
• Cascade demand down to WIP, semi-finished and raw
material level to net remaining demand with lower levels of
supply considering BOMs defined in ERP system.
• Include any impact of yields defined in BOMs or operations
in the routings.
• Check any demand still available to lower levels of supply using
alternate BOMs.
• Calculate quantity and value of the excess supply to determine
current reserve requirements.
• Report excess demand that is not consumed.
• Compare current reserves with previously applied reserves for
the same product to identify need for additional reserves or
release of reserves.
4. 03
• For each supply item – finished good or lower level – determine
the corresponding shipments of all finished goods that can be
made using the supply item.
• Compare reserves against shipments for last 12 months.
• Suggest additional reserve or release requirements for each
supply item.
• Allow for any manual overrides to the calculated reserves.
• Finalize reserves and store for future reporting and
comparisons.
• Make GL entries either at summary or detailed level.
Example of E&O calculation:
The table below shows E&O calculations:
Users can make changes to supply and demand and run supply
demand netting again any many times as required. Once reserves
are finalized, this supply demand match and netting information can
be stored in history for future reporting and audit purposes. Once
finalized, this information cannot be changed so as to make it fool-
proof from audit perspective.
Demand
Item
Supply Item Level OPN
Code
Supply
source
Yield Comp Qty Demand
Qty
Supply
Qty
Demand
consumed
Qty
Supply
consumed
Qty
FGI1 FGI1 1 INV 1 1 100 30 30 30
FGI1 FGI1 1 ASY WIP .9 1 70 20 18 20
FGI1 SFG1 2 INV .9*.9 2 52 200 52 130
FG2 SFG1 2 INV .9*.9 2 20 70 20 50
Excess SFG1 INV .9*.9 2 20
Excess RM1 3 INV .9*.9*.9 2 100
Shipment Calculations
To analyze how the product is doing in the market, shipment data is
used. Depending on whether it is a predominantly distributor model
or direct shipments to end customers, either Oracle shipments or
POS data could be used. For each supply item, the shipments of all
items that include the supply item in consideration as a component
(or directly shipped) are determined and reported in monthly
buckets.
This shipment data allows user properly analyze lifecycle and trend
for a product to help them with manual overrides for final reserves
(see below). Shipment extraction program extracts Oracle shipments
for the desired number of periods going back from the user entered
period. Number of periods to go is also a user entered parameter.
For POS shipments, users can directly load them in the temporary
shipment table and then run subsequent programs.
Supply
Item
Shipped
Item
BOM
Level
Total
Qty
Apr
2011
May
2011
Jun
2011
Jul
2011
Aug
2011
Sep
2011
Oct
2011
Nov
2011
Dec
2011
Jan
2012
Feb
2012
Mar
2012
RM1 FG1
Lower
Level
120 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
RM1 FG2
Lower
Level
80 5 10 5 10 5 10 5 10 5 5 5 5
SFG1 FG1
Lower
Level
120 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
SFG1 FG2
Lower
Level
80 5 10 5 10 5 10 5 10 5 5 5 5
FG1 FG1
Same
Level
120 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
FG2 FG2
Same
Level
80 5 10 5 10 5 10 5 10 5 5 5 5
5. 04
User columns in the table provide additional flexibility for users to
make any changes to the reserve amount before finalizing them and
take precedence over calculated quantities. Shipment quantity in the
above table represents actual shipments for all items shipped that
can be made using the supply item in the past year or quarter (as
desired).
This table displays all supply quantity whether reserved (excess) or
not so that supply can be tied back to extracted or uploaded supply.
Once reserves are finalized, they are stored in reserve history for
future reporting and comparison.
LCM Reserves
LCM reserves are calculated after finalizing the excess reserves
and applied only on the quantity and amount which is not already
reserved. Partial amount of the unreserved value is reserved using
the following formula:
1. For FGI – Finished goods item
LCM reserve per unit = ASP – (Stated/ Standard cost + cost to
sell each unit)
2. For Lower level items or WIP for finished goods item
LCM Reserve per unit = ASP (for FGI) – (Stated/ Standard cost
+cost to complete and sell)
If ASP for the product changes by demand period, then the supply
demand match data would be used to map individual supply and
demand records and reported likewise.
LCM reserves are usually easier to manage. In high tech industry, as
standards are written down, need for LCM reserves goes down too
so there is less complications related to comparison. Users just need
to look at ASP trends and if ASP is constant, calculated and system
recommended values can be used.
Lot or Location Specific Reserves
If specific lots are identified as non-salable or risky inventory,
such lots can be fully reserved before running the E&O reserves
calculations and excluded from all further calculations. Same applies
to inventory stored in specific locations such as MRB, REWORK, etc.
sub-inventories. Such inventory can be fully reserved beforehand and
excluded from other reserve calculations. Typical reserve categories
for such kind of reserves are:
1. Aging Lots
2. Non Moving Lots
3. Engineering Lots
4. MRB Lots
5. Old Revision
Such inventory can be directly stored and reported in the final
reserves report under specific reserve categories.
Reserve Comparison
The table below shows reserve comparison with historical reserves
Current
Period
Supply
Item
Supply
source
Current
Reserve
Qty
Current
Reserve
Amount
Compare
Period
Past
reserve
Qty
Past
Reserve
Amount
Shipment
Qty
User
Reserve
Qty
User
Reserve
Amount
Action
MAR-12 SFG1 INV 20 100 DEC-11 20 100 200 20 100
No
change
MAR-12 RM1 INV 100 400 DEC-11 200 800 200 150 600
Add
Reserve
6. 05
Historical Reserves Upload
Any company going for a sophisticated solution like this would like to keep a history of their past reserves data in a single repository. The
solution provides an avenue for that by allowing users to upload history for as many past periods as desired. This history can then be
reported on and the data can be sliced and diced as required for analysis.
Benefits of the solution
So we see that this solution offers an Oracle based process to calculate, compare and manage reserves of all types. It gives cost accounting
users an option to move beyond spreadsheets with lengthy formulas, or beyond legacy home grown systems; or reporting tools with some
build in logic to calculate and report reserves. Major benefits of such a solution include:
1. The solution is created with inputs from VPs and controllers from multiple organizations making it more thorough and versatile.
2. It provides an end to end comprehensive solution to calculate, compare and manage reserves.
3. It creates a single data repository for all reserve related data.
4. The detailed and user friendly reporting makes working with such a complex topic very easy
5. The solution and reports are very easy for auditors to work with.
6. The Oracle GUIs make maintenance easy and inexpensive.
7. 06
About Jade Global
Jade Global is an enterprise systems integration firm headquartered
in San Jose, California with offices in Boston, MA, and Pune and
Noida, India. Committed to our customer’s long term business growth
and success, we create value through a portfolio of IT services
delivered by highly skilled and experienced consultants. Clients rely on
our trustworthy advice to derive value from software investments and
gain business efficiencies by leveraging our expertise and knowledge
of best practices.
Jade Global is a SAS Type II certified Oracle Platinum Partner.
With extensive experience across the Oracle product suite and
technologies, we are committed to bringing the right skills for their
customer’s projects to deliver the best value.
More information about Jade Global can be found on our website
www.jadeglobal.com.
About Exar Corporation
Exar Corporation designs, develops and markets high performance
analog mixed-signal integrated circuits and advanced sub-system
solutions for data communication, networking, storage, consumer and
industrial applications.
Exar’s product portfolio includes power management and connectivity
components, communications products, network security and storage
optimization solutions. Exar has locations worldwide providing real-
time customer support to drive rapid product development.
For more information, visit www.exar.com.