This document provides an overview of environmental studies as a field of study. It discusses the multidisciplinary nature of environmental studies, covering areas like environmental chemistry, biology, engineering, biotechnology, sociology, and computation. It outlines the scope of environmental studies, key institutions and organizations working in the field, important people who have contributed to environmental protection, and the four main segments that make up the global environment - the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Ecology is the study of the interrelationships between living organisms and their environment. It examines how organisms interact with each other and with abiotic factors in their environment. The document discusses key topics in ecology including ecosystems, energy flow, and ecological pyramids. An ecosystem is defined as a community of organisms interacting with each other and their non-living environment. Energy from the sun enters ecosystems and flows through trophic levels from producers to consumers to decomposers. Ecological pyramids graphically represent trophic structures and can track numbers, biomass, or energy at each level.
This document provides an introduction to key concepts related to environment, ecology, and ecosystems. It defines environment as the external conditions that surround and influence living organisms. Environment includes biotic factors like other living things and abiotic factors like temperature, soil and minerals. Ecology is defined as the study of the relationships between living organisms and their physical environment. An ecosystem is the complex set of interactions between a community of organisms and their environment. The four main components that make up the environment are the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere, which all interact with each other in a closed, dynamic system.
Introduction to Environment Ecology and Ecosystemchirag yadav
Environmental studies is the scientific study of our environment and our place in it. It is an interdisciplinary field that includes both scientific and social aspects of human impact on the world. Environmental studies requires skills from various disciplines like chemistry, biology, earth sciences, and geography. The environment can be divided into four main segments - the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. Understanding environmental issues is important for solving problems like pollution, overexploitation of resources, and achieving sustainable development. Public awareness and participation are needed to address environmental degradation.
B.tech. i es unit 1 environment ecology and ecosystemRai University
The document discusses the components and structure of the environment. It can be summarized as follows:
The environment has biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components that interact. It is divided into four main spheres - the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. The atmosphere provides gases essential for life. The lithosphere comprises rocks and soil. The hydrosphere contains Earth's water resources. The biosphere is the zone where living organisms exist, encompassing parts of the other spheres. Traditional societies lived in greater harmony with the environment, but modern human activities like population growth, urbanization, and industrialization have degraded the environment through pollution, overexploitation, and biodiversity loss
The Institute for Applied Ecology New Zealand (AENZ) is based at AUT University and conducts internationally significant research in applied ecology. AENZ's research focuses on conservation, human-environment interactions, marine ecology and aquaculture, and plant ecology and global change. It provides research and consultancy services, using facilities like aerial drones, analytical chemistry labs, and marine vessels. Past successful projects include studies on a new surf clam fishery, microbial recovery in Mars analogue soils, and pest eradication on seabird islands.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Ecology is the study of the interrelationships between living organisms and their environment. It examines how organisms interact with each other and with abiotic factors in their environment. The document discusses key topics in ecology including ecosystems, energy flow, and ecological pyramids. An ecosystem is defined as a community of organisms interacting with each other and their non-living environment. Energy from the sun enters ecosystems and flows through trophic levels from producers to consumers to decomposers. Ecological pyramids graphically represent trophic structures and can track numbers, biomass, or energy at each level.
This document provides an introduction to key concepts related to environment, ecology, and ecosystems. It defines environment as the external conditions that surround and influence living organisms. Environment includes biotic factors like other living things and abiotic factors like temperature, soil and minerals. Ecology is defined as the study of the relationships between living organisms and their physical environment. An ecosystem is the complex set of interactions between a community of organisms and their environment. The four main components that make up the environment are the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere, which all interact with each other in a closed, dynamic system.
Introduction to Environment Ecology and Ecosystemchirag yadav
Environmental studies is the scientific study of our environment and our place in it. It is an interdisciplinary field that includes both scientific and social aspects of human impact on the world. Environmental studies requires skills from various disciplines like chemistry, biology, earth sciences, and geography. The environment can be divided into four main segments - the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. Understanding environmental issues is important for solving problems like pollution, overexploitation of resources, and achieving sustainable development. Public awareness and participation are needed to address environmental degradation.
B.tech. i es unit 1 environment ecology and ecosystemRai University
The document discusses the components and structure of the environment. It can be summarized as follows:
The environment has biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components that interact. It is divided into four main spheres - the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. The atmosphere provides gases essential for life. The lithosphere comprises rocks and soil. The hydrosphere contains Earth's water resources. The biosphere is the zone where living organisms exist, encompassing parts of the other spheres. Traditional societies lived in greater harmony with the environment, but modern human activities like population growth, urbanization, and industrialization have degraded the environment through pollution, overexploitation, and biodiversity loss
The Institute for Applied Ecology New Zealand (AENZ) is based at AUT University and conducts internationally significant research in applied ecology. AENZ's research focuses on conservation, human-environment interactions, marine ecology and aquaculture, and plant ecology and global change. It provides research and consultancy services, using facilities like aerial drones, analytical chemistry labs, and marine vessels. Past successful projects include studies on a new surf clam fishery, microbial recovery in Mars analogue soils, and pest eradication on seabird islands.
This document contains descriptions of various topics related to the environment and Earth sciences. It provides the topic name, a brief description of the topic, and assigns it to a panel. Some of the topics covered include atmospheric kinetics, behavioural ecology, biogeochemical cycles, boundary layer meteorology, climate and climate change, community ecology, conservation ecology, earth engineering, and earth resources.
Ecology - Foundation Course Semester 2- Prof. Karishma Shetty KarishmaShetty16
This document discusses the importance of environmental studies. It notes that environmental studies will help develop sustainably without destroying the environment, educate people on efficiently using resources, and highlight environmental issues to work on resolving. It also discusses key concepts related to environment and ecology, including defining ecology as the study of organism interactions and their environment. Components of the environment and types of ecosystems are also outlined.
Naturalists at Large: Environmental SciencePhat Nattie
The document provides an overview of key concepts in environmental science, including ecology, geology, plants, animals, atmosphere, water cycle, and oceans. It discusses important ecological terms like biotic and abiotic factors, food webs, symbiosis, and biodiversity. Key geology concepts covered include plate tectonics, earthquakes, volcanoes, and the three main types of rocks - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. The document is intended to give readers foundational knowledge of natural science topics for teaching environmental education.
This document discusses ecosystems and the environment. It defines key terms like environment, ecology, biotic and abiotic components. It describes the major components of ecosystems - producers, consumers, decomposers and how energy flows through ecosystems. Examples of different ecosystem types like forests and hydrosphere are provided. The document also discusses the ideal characteristics of ecosystems and impacts of human activity, like pollution and deforestation, on ecosystems.
This document defines over 50 science-related terms across various fields including biology, chemistry, geology, and technology. Key terms defined include abiotic, biotic, ecosystem, homeostasis, hypothesis, niche, renewable resources, sustainability, system, and theory of evolution.
The document discusses the relationship between humans and the environment. It defines environmental science as the study of Earth's environments and how human activities impact them. It notes that all life influences the global environment through processes like consuming resources and polluting. Environmental changes can impact human health, so understanding these connections is important.
This document proposes a new framework called "anthropogenic biomes" for classifying and mapping global ecological patterns and processes. It argues that humans now shape ecological patterns across most of the terrestrial biosphere through activities like deforestation, agriculture, grazing and urbanization. Conventional biomes based only on climate do not accurately capture the significant role of human populations and land use. The proposed anthropogenic biomes framework identifies ecosystem processes as primarily a function of human population density and land use, rather than just climate. It presents a preliminary global map of anthropogenic biomes including residential rangelands, populated rangelands, remote rangelands, and others. The framework aims to provide a more realistic model of global ecology and better
This document discusses how various disciplines can contribute to understanding and protecting the environment. Chemistry helps minimize pollution and develop green chemicals. Physics analyzes the atmosphere and climate. Ecology shows how human actions impact the environment. Economics studies resource use. History compares past and present environments. Geology addresses pollution and natural hazards. Ethics establishes the relationship between humans and nature. Sociology examines how social patterns affect the environment. Biology helps clean waste and create biofuels. Engineering contributes to sanitation and public health.
This project made an inventory of flora and fauna in order to plan reclamation activities for the gravel pit "Szczytniki". The study contains information about occurrence, distribution and preservation state of natural habitats. It also includes the occurrence and distribution of rare, protected and endangered animal and plant species found within the mine area as well as in the immediate surroundings.
The project won the 1st Prize in National Quarry Life Award in 2012 in Poland.
Read more: http://www.quarrylifeaward.com/project/comprehensive-inventory-fauna-and-flora-mine-szczytniki-and-preparation-guidelines
This document outlines a course on ecological architecture and urbanism. It includes details like contact hours, credits, grading breakdown, course overview and outcomes. The course aims to provide knowledge on natural and built environments and introduce concepts to understand environmental processes. It incorporates understanding local and global contexts and threats to environments. The course content covers fundamentals of environment and ecology, biogeographic regions, environmental degradation and applications of ecological techniques in architecture. Assignments, attendance, mid-term and end-term exams constitute the marking scheme.
The document defines key terms in environmental science and ecology, outlines the major fields of study that contribute to environmental science, and describes how hunter-gatherers, the agricultural revolution, and the industrial revolution impacted the environment. It identifies the goals of environmental science as understanding and solving environmental problems by studying human use of natural resources and how human actions change the environment. The document also classifies the three major environmental problems as resource depletion, pollution, and loss of biodiversity.
Environmental contamination is not new but the efforts to do something about it are originated from the widespread concern caused by atmospheric testing. Ecotoxicology is concerned with the toxic effects of chemical and physical agents on living organisms, especially on populations and communities within defined ecosystems; it includes the transfer pathways of those agents and their interactions with the environment. Deepthimahanthi Divya"Ecotoxicology-Study aspects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-3 , April 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd11057.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/ecology/11057/ecotoxicology-study-aspects/deepthimahanthi-divya
Environement by MUHAMMAD FAHAD ANSARI 12IEEM 14fahadansari131
The document discusses the definition of environment and its various components. It defines environment as all the conditions, circumstances, and influences surrounding and affecting an organism. The key environmental segments include the lithosphere (rocks and soil), hydrosphere (water resources), atmosphere (air), and biosphere (region where life exists). Pollution is introduced as the addition of contaminants into the environment that deteriorate nature and harm living things. Ecology is defined as the study of interactions between living and non-living components in an environment. An ecosystem is a system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their physical environment.
The document discusses ecosystems and how human activities impact the environment. It describes the components of an ecosystem like producers, consumers, decomposers and abiotic factors. There is a 10% loss of energy at each trophic level, limiting the number that can exist in a food chain. Human waste and chemicals like CFCs threaten ecosystems by polluting the air, water and soil. Improper waste disposal and ozone layer depletion are significant environmental issues addressed in the text.
This document discusses ecosystems and their structure and functions. It defines an ecosystem as including all living organisms and non-living components found in a particular area, where life continues naturally without human intervention. An ecosystem structurally consists of a community of living organisms and their abiotic environment. Key components include producers, consumers, and decomposers. Energy flows through ecosystems via food chains and webs. Nutrients cycle through biogeochemical cycles like carbon and nitrogen. Ecosystems strive for homeostasis by resisting changes to their populations.
This document discusses key concepts in ecology. It defines ecology as the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environment. It explains that ecosystems involve energy and matter flows between biotic and abiotic factors. The principles of ecology include organisms like producers, consumers, decomposers and their interactions in food webs, food chains and populations. The document also discusses Islamic perspectives on ecology and humanity's role as stewards of the environment. It emphasizes the balance and interdependence between all living and non-living things in an ecosystem.
Chemical communications among plant and animal components are fundamental elements for the functioning and the connectivity of ecosystems. In particular, wound-activated infochemicals trigger specifi c reactions of invertebrates according to evolutionary constraints, permitting them to identify prey cues, escape predators and optimize their behaviors according to.....
M.Ed EVS Topic- Imortance,Types of Environment fatima roshan
The document discusses the meaning, types, components, and socio-cultural determinants of the environment. It defines environment as the sum of all surroundings that influence an organism's development, including natural forces and other living things. There are three main types of environment: the physical (abiotic) environment consisting of non-living factors like air, water, soil; the biotic environment of living things; and the social/cultural environment created by human activities and culture. The key components of the environment are the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere. A person's socio-cultural environment of norms, values and beliefs shapes their behavior.
carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane production have a tremendous impact on climate change, microbes play a key role in the production and control of these gases
The document discusses various topics related to ecological architecture and urbanism. It covers global environmental issues like greenhouse effect, biodiversity loss, desertification, ozone layer depletion, acid rain, nuclear disasters, oil pollution, and hazardous waste. It then discusses specific issues in more detail, including greenhouse effect and global warming, biodiversity, desertification, ozone layer depletion, acid rain, nuclear disasters, oil pollution, and hazardous waste. For each issue, it describes causes, impacts, and potential strategies to address the problems. Other topics covered include rainwater harvesting, water and energy conservation, urban forests, and watershed management. The overall document provides an overview of important environmental issues and sustainable practices for architecture and urban planning.
Environmental, ecosystem and biodiversityusharanicivil
The document discusses key concepts in environmental science and ecology, including:
- The environment consists of biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) factors. Main types of ecosystems are described like ponds, lakes, deserts and forests.
- Ecosystems have a flow of energy and cycling of materials between producers, consumers and decomposers. Succession over time leads to a climax community.
- Environmental studies are important for problem solving, maintaining ecological balance and sustainable development. Hazards can be physical, chemical or biological in nature.
Environmental analysis of jagannath universityjoy dey
This document provides an overview of environmental analysis as a subject within geography and environmental studies. It discusses the importance of understanding interactions within the biosphere and biogeochemical cycles. It also outlines several key concepts and approaches in environmental analysis including qualitative and quantitative analysis, background and pollution monitoring, stages of analysis, and implications for related fields like environmental chemistry and geography. The document examines needs and career opportunities in geography with a specialization in environmental analysis.
This document contains descriptions of various topics related to the environment and Earth sciences. It provides the topic name, a brief description of the topic, and assigns it to a panel. Some of the topics covered include atmospheric kinetics, behavioural ecology, biogeochemical cycles, boundary layer meteorology, climate and climate change, community ecology, conservation ecology, earth engineering, and earth resources.
Ecology - Foundation Course Semester 2- Prof. Karishma Shetty KarishmaShetty16
This document discusses the importance of environmental studies. It notes that environmental studies will help develop sustainably without destroying the environment, educate people on efficiently using resources, and highlight environmental issues to work on resolving. It also discusses key concepts related to environment and ecology, including defining ecology as the study of organism interactions and their environment. Components of the environment and types of ecosystems are also outlined.
Naturalists at Large: Environmental SciencePhat Nattie
The document provides an overview of key concepts in environmental science, including ecology, geology, plants, animals, atmosphere, water cycle, and oceans. It discusses important ecological terms like biotic and abiotic factors, food webs, symbiosis, and biodiversity. Key geology concepts covered include plate tectonics, earthquakes, volcanoes, and the three main types of rocks - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. The document is intended to give readers foundational knowledge of natural science topics for teaching environmental education.
This document discusses ecosystems and the environment. It defines key terms like environment, ecology, biotic and abiotic components. It describes the major components of ecosystems - producers, consumers, decomposers and how energy flows through ecosystems. Examples of different ecosystem types like forests and hydrosphere are provided. The document also discusses the ideal characteristics of ecosystems and impacts of human activity, like pollution and deforestation, on ecosystems.
This document defines over 50 science-related terms across various fields including biology, chemistry, geology, and technology. Key terms defined include abiotic, biotic, ecosystem, homeostasis, hypothesis, niche, renewable resources, sustainability, system, and theory of evolution.
The document discusses the relationship between humans and the environment. It defines environmental science as the study of Earth's environments and how human activities impact them. It notes that all life influences the global environment through processes like consuming resources and polluting. Environmental changes can impact human health, so understanding these connections is important.
This document proposes a new framework called "anthropogenic biomes" for classifying and mapping global ecological patterns and processes. It argues that humans now shape ecological patterns across most of the terrestrial biosphere through activities like deforestation, agriculture, grazing and urbanization. Conventional biomes based only on climate do not accurately capture the significant role of human populations and land use. The proposed anthropogenic biomes framework identifies ecosystem processes as primarily a function of human population density and land use, rather than just climate. It presents a preliminary global map of anthropogenic biomes including residential rangelands, populated rangelands, remote rangelands, and others. The framework aims to provide a more realistic model of global ecology and better
This document discusses how various disciplines can contribute to understanding and protecting the environment. Chemistry helps minimize pollution and develop green chemicals. Physics analyzes the atmosphere and climate. Ecology shows how human actions impact the environment. Economics studies resource use. History compares past and present environments. Geology addresses pollution and natural hazards. Ethics establishes the relationship between humans and nature. Sociology examines how social patterns affect the environment. Biology helps clean waste and create biofuels. Engineering contributes to sanitation and public health.
This project made an inventory of flora and fauna in order to plan reclamation activities for the gravel pit "Szczytniki". The study contains information about occurrence, distribution and preservation state of natural habitats. It also includes the occurrence and distribution of rare, protected and endangered animal and plant species found within the mine area as well as in the immediate surroundings.
The project won the 1st Prize in National Quarry Life Award in 2012 in Poland.
Read more: http://www.quarrylifeaward.com/project/comprehensive-inventory-fauna-and-flora-mine-szczytniki-and-preparation-guidelines
This document outlines a course on ecological architecture and urbanism. It includes details like contact hours, credits, grading breakdown, course overview and outcomes. The course aims to provide knowledge on natural and built environments and introduce concepts to understand environmental processes. It incorporates understanding local and global contexts and threats to environments. The course content covers fundamentals of environment and ecology, biogeographic regions, environmental degradation and applications of ecological techniques in architecture. Assignments, attendance, mid-term and end-term exams constitute the marking scheme.
The document defines key terms in environmental science and ecology, outlines the major fields of study that contribute to environmental science, and describes how hunter-gatherers, the agricultural revolution, and the industrial revolution impacted the environment. It identifies the goals of environmental science as understanding and solving environmental problems by studying human use of natural resources and how human actions change the environment. The document also classifies the three major environmental problems as resource depletion, pollution, and loss of biodiversity.
Environmental contamination is not new but the efforts to do something about it are originated from the widespread concern caused by atmospheric testing. Ecotoxicology is concerned with the toxic effects of chemical and physical agents on living organisms, especially on populations and communities within defined ecosystems; it includes the transfer pathways of those agents and their interactions with the environment. Deepthimahanthi Divya"Ecotoxicology-Study aspects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-3 , April 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd11057.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/ecology/11057/ecotoxicology-study-aspects/deepthimahanthi-divya
Environement by MUHAMMAD FAHAD ANSARI 12IEEM 14fahadansari131
The document discusses the definition of environment and its various components. It defines environment as all the conditions, circumstances, and influences surrounding and affecting an organism. The key environmental segments include the lithosphere (rocks and soil), hydrosphere (water resources), atmosphere (air), and biosphere (region where life exists). Pollution is introduced as the addition of contaminants into the environment that deteriorate nature and harm living things. Ecology is defined as the study of interactions between living and non-living components in an environment. An ecosystem is a system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their physical environment.
The document discusses ecosystems and how human activities impact the environment. It describes the components of an ecosystem like producers, consumers, decomposers and abiotic factors. There is a 10% loss of energy at each trophic level, limiting the number that can exist in a food chain. Human waste and chemicals like CFCs threaten ecosystems by polluting the air, water and soil. Improper waste disposal and ozone layer depletion are significant environmental issues addressed in the text.
This document discusses ecosystems and their structure and functions. It defines an ecosystem as including all living organisms and non-living components found in a particular area, where life continues naturally without human intervention. An ecosystem structurally consists of a community of living organisms and their abiotic environment. Key components include producers, consumers, and decomposers. Energy flows through ecosystems via food chains and webs. Nutrients cycle through biogeochemical cycles like carbon and nitrogen. Ecosystems strive for homeostasis by resisting changes to their populations.
This document discusses key concepts in ecology. It defines ecology as the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environment. It explains that ecosystems involve energy and matter flows between biotic and abiotic factors. The principles of ecology include organisms like producers, consumers, decomposers and their interactions in food webs, food chains and populations. The document also discusses Islamic perspectives on ecology and humanity's role as stewards of the environment. It emphasizes the balance and interdependence between all living and non-living things in an ecosystem.
Chemical communications among plant and animal components are fundamental elements for the functioning and the connectivity of ecosystems. In particular, wound-activated infochemicals trigger specifi c reactions of invertebrates according to evolutionary constraints, permitting them to identify prey cues, escape predators and optimize their behaviors according to.....
M.Ed EVS Topic- Imortance,Types of Environment fatima roshan
The document discusses the meaning, types, components, and socio-cultural determinants of the environment. It defines environment as the sum of all surroundings that influence an organism's development, including natural forces and other living things. There are three main types of environment: the physical (abiotic) environment consisting of non-living factors like air, water, soil; the biotic environment of living things; and the social/cultural environment created by human activities and culture. The key components of the environment are the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere. A person's socio-cultural environment of norms, values and beliefs shapes their behavior.
carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane production have a tremendous impact on climate change, microbes play a key role in the production and control of these gases
The document discusses various topics related to ecological architecture and urbanism. It covers global environmental issues like greenhouse effect, biodiversity loss, desertification, ozone layer depletion, acid rain, nuclear disasters, oil pollution, and hazardous waste. It then discusses specific issues in more detail, including greenhouse effect and global warming, biodiversity, desertification, ozone layer depletion, acid rain, nuclear disasters, oil pollution, and hazardous waste. For each issue, it describes causes, impacts, and potential strategies to address the problems. Other topics covered include rainwater harvesting, water and energy conservation, urban forests, and watershed management. The overall document provides an overview of important environmental issues and sustainable practices for architecture and urban planning.
Environmental, ecosystem and biodiversityusharanicivil
The document discusses key concepts in environmental science and ecology, including:
- The environment consists of biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) factors. Main types of ecosystems are described like ponds, lakes, deserts and forests.
- Ecosystems have a flow of energy and cycling of materials between producers, consumers and decomposers. Succession over time leads to a climax community.
- Environmental studies are important for problem solving, maintaining ecological balance and sustainable development. Hazards can be physical, chemical or biological in nature.
Environmental analysis of jagannath universityjoy dey
This document provides an overview of environmental analysis as a subject within geography and environmental studies. It discusses the importance of understanding interactions within the biosphere and biogeochemical cycles. It also outlines several key concepts and approaches in environmental analysis including qualitative and quantitative analysis, background and pollution monitoring, stages of analysis, and implications for related fields like environmental chemistry and geography. The document examines needs and career opportunities in geography with a specialization in environmental analysis.
This document provides information about an environmental analysis course submitted by a student. It includes the course title, number, student and department information. It then discusses key topics in environmental analysis including the components of the environment, biogeochemical cycles, types of pollution, the aims of environmental analysis, types of analysis, stages of analysis, concepts in environmental analysis, environmental chemistry, and green chemistry.
Ecology is the study of the relationships between living organisms and their environment. It considers organisms at individual, population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere levels. The term "ecology" was coined by Ernst Haeckel in 1866 from the Greek words for "home" and "study." There are various types of ecology including global, landscape, ecosystem, community, population, and organismal ecology. Eugene Odum is considered the father of modern ecology. Ecology has practical applications in conservation, natural resource management, urban planning, and human social interaction.
The document provides an overview of a lecture on ecology and the environment. It discusses the impact of technology and industrial pollutants on human environments. It also covers environmental impact assessments and sustainable development. Specific types of pollution like air, water, industrial waste, noise, and their controls are examined. The objectives are to increase environmental awareness and reduce health issues.
This document provides an overview of the field of ecology. It defines ecology as the study of relationships between organisms and their environments. The document notes that ecology involves research from many viewpoints using various techniques to understand how organisms adapt to their environments. It also outlines different levels of ecological organization from the biosphere level down to individual organisms and describes several branches of ecology such as population ecology and ecosystem ecology.
How nanotechnology affect biodiversity and ecosystem by shreya modiShreya Modi
This document discusses how nanotechnology can help address issues related to biodiversity and ecosystems. It describes how nanotechnology can help develop sustainable energy sources, treat wastewater, aid in oil spill cleanup, and enable better and more affordable medical treatment. The document provides multiple examples of how nanomaterials and nanoscale processes are already being used or explored to solve environmental problems and support human health and well-being while reducing environmental impacts.
LECTURE 1.Ecology, subject and objectives.pptxSumaiyaJabin3
The document provides an overview of the field of ecology and its subdisciplines, including human ecology and medical ecology. It discusses how ecology studies the interactions between organisms and their environments, and involves interactions from birth through life. The main subdisciplines of ecology are described as ecosystem ecology, community ecology, and population ecology. The document also discusses how ecology has expanded to study human-built systems and how an ecological worldview is important for sustainability and human health. Medical ecology is presented as a field that links principles of ecology, earth sciences, and public health to analyze environmental impacts on human health.
Ecosystem and Environment, GE3451 Environmental Sciencepriyamanohari1
The document discusses key concepts in environmental science and sustainability, including:
- The definition of environment and different types of environments. Main factors include biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components.
- Scope of environmental science includes ecosystem structure/function, natural resources, pollution control, environmental management, and industry impacts.
- Environmental studies are important for problem solving, maintaining ecological balance, and sustainable development.
- Types of environmental hazards include physical, chemical, and biological hazards. Examples of different ecosystems like ponds, lakes, deserts, and forests are provided.
Biology Essay
Wildlife Conservation and Biology Essay
Structure And Function Of Biology Essay
Synthetic Biology? Essay
Biology Lab Essay
Biology Reflection
Biology Major Essay
Why I Chose Biology
Evolutionary Biology Essay
Why I Chose To Study Biology
Biology Is The Science Of Life
Biology Admission Essay
Examples Of My Favourite Subject In Biology
Relationships and Interactions in Biology Essay
Biology Application Essay Sample
Biology Compare And Contrast Essay
Biology : A Career In The Career Of Biology
Biology And Modern Biology
Lactase Experiment
Biology Major Essay
Define ecology, biogeography, ecosystem, and the community. Explain .pdfsanuoptical
Define ecology, biogeography, ecosystem, and the community. Explain photosynthesis and
respiration, and derive net photosynthesis and the world pattern of net primary productivity.
Relate abiotic ecosystem components to ecosystem operations, and explain trophic relationships.
Solution
Ecology :-The prefix \'eco\' has become synonymous with environmentally-friendly living. This
green fad, however, has more to do with conservation biology than with ecology, where the
prefix is borrowed from.All organisms, no matter their size, their species, or where they live,
need to interact with other organisms in their \'neighborhood\' and with their environment in
order to survive.Ecologyis the scientific study of the interactions between organisms and their
environment. The term comes from the Greek \'study of house\', or the study of the place we live
in.The scope of ecology is huge, and it encompasses all organisms living on Earth andtheir
physical and chemical surroundings. For this reason, the field is usually divided into different
levels of study including: organismal ecology, population ecology, community ecology and
ecosystem ecology.
Biogeography:-Biogeography is broken into two subcategories:*.Phytogeography, the study of
how plants are distributed on the earth*.
Zoogeography, the study of how animals are distributed on the earth (including
bacteria)Biogeography is very important in understanding how animals and plants have changed
the landscape over time. This field utilizes knowledge from the study of rocks or geology, the
study of ecosystems or ecology, and the study of the physical planet or physical geography to
answer questions about how organisms react to changes in their environment.
Ecosystem:-An ecosystem includes all of the living things(plants, animals and organisms) in a
given area, interacting with each other, and also with their non-living environments (weather,
earth, sun, soil, climate, atmosphere).
Photosynthesis:-Photosynthesis is the process used by plants, algae and certain bacteria to
harness energy from sunlight into chemical energy.There are two types of photosynthetic
processes: oxygenic photosynthesis and anoxygenic photosynthesis. Oxygenic photosynthesis is
the most common and is seenin plants, algae and cyanobacteria.undefined During oxygenic
photosynthesis, light energy transfers electrons from water (H2O) to carbon dioxide (CO2),
which produces carbohydrates. In this transfer, the CO2 is \"reduced,\" or receives electrons, and
the water becomes \"oxidized,\" or loses electrons. Ultimately, oxygen is produced along with
carbohydrates.
Respiration:-It may be associated with:*.breathing, which is the process of inhaling and exhaling
gases from and into theexternal environment– a function of the lungs and other structures with
similar function (e.g.gills)*.cellular respiration, which is the process utilized by cells to obtain
energy from theoxidationoforganic compoundsaccompanied by the consumption ofoxygen(when
availa.
Describe key concepts on environment (2).pptxwilfredmdolloh
The word environment means surroundings, in which organisms live. Environment and the organisms are two dynamic and complex component of nature. Environment regulates the life of the organisms including human beings.
Human beings interact with the environment more vigorously than other living beings.
This document provides an introduction to environmental science. It defines environmental science as the systematic study of the environment and humanity's place within it. Environmental science is highly interdisciplinary and holistic in nature, with the goal of understanding how natural systems function and how human activity impacts those systems. The key components of environmental science discussed include atmospheric sciences, ecology, environmental chemistry, and geosciences.
The document provides an introduction to key concepts relating to the environment including definitions of environment, ecology, ecosystems, and environmental science. It describes the main components of the environment as the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere. It also discusses the impact of human activities and development on the environment such as through pollution, resource depletion, and urbanization. The document emphasizes the importance of environmental education and sustainable development for protecting the environment and meeting needs of present and future generations.
The document discusses key concepts related to environment, environmentalism, environmental science, and ecology. It defines environment as all conditions that surround and influence organisms. Environmentalism is described as a social movement focused on protecting the environment. Environmental science is defined as the interdisciplinary study of interactions between physical, chemical, and biological components of the environment and their effects on organisms. Ecology is presented as the scientific study of relationships between organisms and their environments.
(a) Ecosystems contain complex networks of interactions between organisms and their environment. (b) Organisms fall into different ecological roles including producers, consumers, and decomposers. Producers like plants make their own food through photosynthesis, consumers eat other organisms, and decomposers break down waste and dead material. (c) These roles are interconnected as one organism's waste becomes a resource for others, fueling nutrient cycling within the ecosystem.
Ecology is the scientific study of the interactions between organisms and their environment. It was coined in 1866 by Ernst Haeckel from the Greek words "oikos" meaning house or environment, and "logos" meaning study. Ecology studies the distribution and abundance of organisms and the interactions between organisms and their physical and biological environment. It examines these relationships at different levels of organization from organisms to ecosystems. Ecology is important for understanding how to maintain a healthy biosphere and sustainable use of natural resources through principles of conservation.
This document provides an overview of environmental science as a subject area. It discusses how environmental science is multidisciplinary, drawing from fields like biology, chemistry, physics, engineering, economics and more. The document also outlines the scope of environmental studies, explaining that it examines how different areas combine to inform understanding of humanity's impact on the natural world. Additionally, it discusses the importance of environmental education for sustainable development and preserving limited natural resources for future generations.
The student studied a range of subjects from the natural sciences, technology, and social sciences to understand environmental issues. They developed skills in physics, chemistry, biology, geology, and environmental science. They analyzed six multidisciplinary scientific topics in depth such as nanotechnology and genetic manipulation, producing a critical analysis on one subject. For their final project, they produced a report on the dangers of melting permafrost. Their dissertation was titled "The Risk to Humans from Man-made Space Debris and Objects" which they researched using published scientific papers.
Ecology is the scientific study of interactions between organisms and their environment. It examines how organisms interact with each other and their physical surroundings. Ecology has many subdisciplines that examine specific types of interactions like population ecology, behavioral ecology, and conservation ecology. Ecosystems are dynamic entities composed of biological communities that interact with their abiotic environments. Changes to one part of an ecosystem can cascade through other components due to their interconnected relationships. Ecology plays an important role in fields like agriculture, forestry, fisheries management, and conservation efforts.
The document provides information on entrepreneurship development as a course at Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University.
It begins with an introduction and objectives of the course. It then outlines the theory and practical lecture topics that will be covered, which include concepts of entrepreneurship, developing business plans, government support programs, agribusiness models, and skills like communication and project development.
Reference materials are also listed to provide additional resources for students. The document serves as a guide for instructors and students on the content and structure of the entrepreneurship development program.
The document discusses various ways to classify entrepreneurs. They can be classified based on the type of business, such as business entrepreneurs, trading entrepreneurs, industrial entrepreneurs, corporate entrepreneurs, and agricultural entrepreneurs. They can also be classified based on their use of technology, such as technical entrepreneurs, modern technology-based entrepreneurs, and traditional entrepreneurs. The key classifications of entrepreneurs discussed in the document are based on the sector or industry they operate in and the level of technology they adopt.
This document is a repetition of the phrase "Agri Helpers" 20 times. It does not contain any other words or information, simply repeating the same phrase on each new line.
This document describes the flowering and fruiting stages of several plants. It notes that mangos grow on trees and are pollinated by honey bees to produce fruit. Bananas form on plants from flowers into berries. Citrus and grapes also progress from flowering to fruiting. Papaya and pineapple have flowers that lead to their distinctive fruits. Pomegranates are also included.
This document provides information about grapes, including:
1. Grapes originated in Armenia near the Caspian Sea. They are one of the most delicious and nourishing fruits, rich in nutrients.
2. In India, grapes are mostly consumed as table fruit, while in Europe they are primarily used for wine production. Grapes are also used to make raisins, juice, and jam.
3. The major grape growing regions in Andhra Pradesh are Mahbubnagar, Rangareddy, Medak, Ananthapur, Chittoor, and Kurnool districts.
This document provides information about apples and pears. It discusses the botanical names, origins, nutritional value, cultivation regions in India, climate requirements, soil types, common varieties, propagation methods, planting, training, pruning, fertilization, irrigation, harvesting, yields for apples. For pears, it discusses the botanical names, origins, nutritional value, types of pears (European and Oriental), and their climate requirements. It provides detailed information about the cultivation practices for both fruits.
Hybridization is a technique used in rice breeding to create genetically diverse varieties with desirable traits. The process involves crossing genetically dissimilar parents to produce hybrid offspring. Key steps include selecting female plants, emasculating unopened flowers to prevent self-pollination, collecting pollen from the desired male parent, and applying it to the emasculated female flowers. The hybridized seeds are then grown and evaluated to select varieties with increased yield, quality, disease resistance, and other targeted traits. Maintaining genetic diversity through hybridization techniques has been important for the health and productivity of rice crops globally.
Exercise 2 emasculation and hybridization in maizeNugurusaichandan
This document discusses hybridization techniques in maize. It notes that maize is predominantly wind pollinated. The key hybridization techniques discussed are:
- Emasculation of the female plant by removing the tassel to prevent self-pollination.
- Bagging the female ear shoot and male tassel to collect pollen for cross-pollination.
- Dusting the collected pollen from the male parent onto the silks of the female ear after removing the bag, ensuring no contamination from other pollen sources. Proper labeling of the hybridization details is also important.
This document describes the floral biology and different parts of flowers and inflorescences. It defines the calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium, and describes their structures and types. It then explains different types of inflorescences including racemose inflorescences like racemes, corymbs, and umbels, and cymose inflorescences. It also covers mixed, compound, and special inflorescences like heads, spadices, catkins and others. Diagrams are provided to illustrate the different floral and inflorescence structures.
This document provides information about mangoes, including:
- Mango is considered the "king of fruits" in India and is one of India's most important tropical fruits, having been cultivated for 4000-6000 years.
- India grows over half of the world's mangoes, with over 1000 varieties found in India but only about 20 varieties grown commercially.
- Important mango growing regions in Andhra Pradesh include Krishna, West Godavari, Vishakapatnam, East Godavari, Vigayanagaram, Srikakulam, Chittoor, and Khammam districts.
- Commercial mango varieties vary by region but popular varieties include Neelum, B
This document summarizes quality characteristics that are considered in breeding programs for several crops including rice, wheat, pearl millet, maize, small millets, pulses, soybean, sunflower, safflower, rapeseed and mustard, castor, cotton, and forage crops. For rice, quality is determined by characteristics of the endosperm, grain shape and size, milling quality, cooking quality, aroma, and protein content. Wheat quality depends on milling quality, baking quality, and characteristics like protein content and kernel hardness. The document discusses genetic factors and breeding approaches that influence various quality traits in each of these crops.
This document provides information on several vegetable crops including tomato, chili pepper, eggplant, and okra. It discusses the origin, distribution, breeding objectives, and breeding methods for each crop. The key objectives of breeding programs are to develop varieties with higher yield, improved quality traits, and resistance to diseases and insects. Common breeding techniques used include pure line selection, pedigree selection, backcrossing, and heterosis breeding. Several improved varieties have been developed for each crop through these breeding efforts.
This document summarizes information about mango and guava breeding. It discusses the origin, distribution, and breeding objectives of mango, then describes various mango varieties, hybridization techniques used to breed new varieties, and some new mango cultivars that have been developed through breeding programs in India. It also provides brief information on the origin and distribution of guava, guava breeding objectives, and breeding methods used including clonal selection and hybridization to develop new guava varieties.
Heterosis, also known as hybrid vigor, refers to the increased or superior performance of a hybrid offspring compared to the parents. It may manifest as increased yield, growth rate, disease resistance, or other traits. There are several proposed genetic explanations for heterosis, including dominance, overdominance, and epistasis hypotheses. Dominance proposes that hybrids perform better because deleterious recessive alleles in the parents are masked in hybrids. Overdominance suggests that for some genes, the heterozygous state is superior to either homozygous state. While neither hypothesis alone can fully explain heterosis, together they provide insight into this important agricultural phenomenon.
breeding for biotic, abiotic stress ,yield, stability and adaptation traitsNugurusaichandan
This document discusses breeding for biotic stress resistance, specifically disease resistance in crops. It defines key terms related to diseases, pathogens, and disease resistance mechanisms in plants. It describes different types of disease resistance including disease escape, tolerance, genetic resistance, and immunity. It explains the genetic basis of disease resistance, including oligogenic, polygenic, and cytoplasmic inheritance. Sources of disease resistance and methods for breeding for disease resistance like introduction, selection, hybridization, and mutation breeding are also summarized.
Biometrics is the science dealing with statistical analysis of biological problems. Quantitative genetics studies inheritance of quantitative traits using statistics. The two requirements for plant breeding are genetic variation and exploiting that variation through selection. Phenotype is influenced by both heritable (genetic) and non-heritable (environmental) factors. Quantitative traits are more influenced by environment and genetic background than qualitative traits. The relationship between genotype and phenotype for quantitative traits is partially hidden by environmental effects.
Rice is one of the oldest cultivated crops, with two main cultivated species: Oryza sativa (Asian rice) and O. glaberrima (African rice). There are ongoing debates around the origin of cultivated rice, with the prevailing view being that Asian and African rice arose from a common wild ancestor, Oryza perennis. Wild relatives of rice provide useful traits for rice breeding such as drought tolerance, disease resistance, and pest resistance. The main objectives of rice breeding programs are to develop varieties with high yield potential, adaptability, early maturity, resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, and improved grain quality.
This document summarizes information about sesame and mustard/rapeseed breeding in India. It discusses:
1. The center of origin and related wild species of sesame (Sesamum indicum) that are used in breeding programs to introduce traits like disease resistance.
2. Breeding objectives for sesame like developing high yielding, drought tolerant, white seeded, multi-capsuled varieties. It lists popular sesame varieties for Tamil Nadu.
3. Taxonomy and economic species of the genus Brassica, which includes mustard, rapeseed, cabbage, and others. Breeding objectives for mustard include increased yield, early maturity, abiotic/biotic stress resistance,
This document discusses groundnuts (peanuts), including their origins, classification, breeding objectives, and varieties used in Tamil Nadu. It notes that groundnuts are an allotetraploid species that likely originated from a cross between A. cardinasi and A. batizoccoi. The main objectives for breeding groundnuts in Tamil Nadu are to develop high yielding bunch varieties resistant to drought, diseases like rust and leaf spot, and pests. Popular high yielding varieties for Tamil Nadu include Co1, Co2, ALR2, TMV2, and VRI series varieties.
How to Download & Install Module From the Odoo App Store in Odoo 17Celine George
Custom modules offer the flexibility to extend Odoo's capabilities, address unique requirements, and optimize workflows to align seamlessly with your organization's processes. By leveraging custom modules, businesses can unlock greater efficiency, productivity, and innovation, empowering them to stay competitive in today's dynamic market landscape. In this tutorial, we'll guide you step by step on how to easily download and install modules from the Odoo App Store.
Elevate Your Nonprofit's Online Presence_ A Guide to Effective SEO Strategies...TechSoup
Whether you're new to SEO or looking to refine your existing strategies, this webinar will provide you with actionable insights and practical tips to elevate your nonprofit's online presence.
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
How to Setup Default Value for a Field in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, we can set a default value for a field during the creation of a record for a model. We have many methods in odoo for setting a default value to the field.
🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥
إضغ بين إيديكم من أقوى الملازم التي صممتها
ملزمة تشريح الجهاز الهيكلي (نظري 3)
💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀
تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
1- مُترجمة ترجمة تُناسب جميع المستويات
2- تحتوي على 78 رسم توضيحي لكل كلمة موجودة بالملزمة (لكل كلمة !!!!)
#فهم_ماكو_درخ
3- دقة الكتابة والصور عالية جداً جداً جداً
4- هُنالك بعض المعلومات تم توضيحها بشكل تفصيلي جداً (تُعتبر لدى الطالب أو الطالبة بإنها معلومات مُبهمة ومع ذلك تم توضيح هذهِ المعلومات المُبهمة بشكل تفصيلي جداً
5- الملزمة تشرح نفسها ب نفسها بس تكلك تعال اقراني
6- تحتوي الملزمة في اول سلايد على خارطة تتضمن جميع تفرُعات معلومات الجهاز الهيكلي المذكورة في هذهِ الملزمة
واخيراً هذهِ الملزمة حلالٌ عليكم وإتمنى منكم إن تدعولي بالخير والصحة والعافية فقط
كل التوفيق زملائي وزميلاتي ، زميلكم محمد الذهبي 💊💊
🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥