CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) is an IP addressing system designed to improve efficiency by allowing for variable length subnet masking. It addresses the inefficiencies of the previous class-based system which could result in wasted IP addresses. Under CIDR, IP addresses are denoted as a prefix and suffix indicating the number of bits, such as 192.255.255.255/12. This allows networks to be allocated the exact number of addresses needed rather than being forced to take a whole class. CIDR helps conserve IPv4 addresses and extend their lifespan.

1. EVERYTHING
YOU NEED TO
KNOW ABOUT
CIDR

2. CIDR
CIDR or Classless Inter-Domain Routing stands for an IP
addressing method that is designed to improve the
efficiency of IP address allocation.
CIDR replaces the previous system of distributing IP
addresses based on Class A, Class B, and Class C
networks.
The new method is also seen to benefit IPv4 addresses
and extend their life cycles while slowing the
development of routing tables.

3. GOAL OF CIDR
Also known as supernetting, the main goal of CIDR was to
decelerate the rapid exhaustion of IPv4 addresses across the
internet.
This eventually led to freeing up a lot of unused and available IP
addresses.
At the same time, it also helped to deal with many of the
inefficiencies of the old method of IP addressing that resulted in a
faster depletion of the IPv4 addresses than how it should have
been.

4. GENERAL
In general, class-based IP addressing routing system
allocated more than 16 million host identifiers in Class
A, 65,535 host identifiers in Class B, and 254 host
identifiers in Class C.
The main problem with that was when an organization
required to use more than 254 hosts, say like 500, then
they would have to upgrade to Class B instead of
continuing with Class C, even if their need was far less
than the available 65,535 hosts.
This means that the organization would be forced to
waste around 65,000 IPv4 addresses because of the
class-based IP allocation.

5. CIDR SYSTEM
In the CIDR system, IP addresses are allocated using the
variable-length subnet masking method.
This helps to determine the prefixes of arbitrary lengths of the
IP addresses, which makes it far more efficient than using the
class-based method.
IPv4 addresses in the CIDR system are made of two sets of
numbers; the network address is denoted as a prefix just as it
was used earlier (192.255.255.255), while the suffix indicates
the number of bits in the entire address, like 12.
This means that a CIDR IP address would be something like
192.255.255.255/12.

6. CIDR SYSTEM
The network prefix can also be specified as a part of the IP
address, which will vary as per the number of bits required
in the IP address.
So in 192.255.255.255/12, the first 12 bits denote the
network whereas the last bits are reserved for the host
addresses.
Consequently, the availability of IPv4 addresses, which went
down unnecessarily in the class-based IP allocation system,
can be managed much more capably by using the classless
inter-domain routing system.

7. CIDR SYSTEM
It is also possible to convert an entire IP range to
the CIDR system.
For instance, if an organization wants to acquire
CIDR notation for IP ranges that fall between
192.0.0.0 and 192.0.0.255, then they need to
simply use the two numbers in the CIDR tool
provided by their ISP to get the corresponding CIDR
address.

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