Evaluation of plasma Creatine Kinase activity and Inorganic phosphate among Sudanese patients with sickle cell disease in Khartoum and White Nile state
Background: CK and phosphorus are helpful biomarker for detection of early renalabnormality particularlyCK which has been shown to be abetter predicator of acute renal failure. Objectives: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study.Conducted in Khartoum and White Nile state from March to June 2016.The aim of this study to assess serum creatine kinase (CK) activity and inorganic phosphate concentrations in Sudanese patients with sickle cell anemia. 80 subjects were enrolled in this study they were classified into 40 with sickle cell disease (SCD) as casegroup and 40 healthy apparently as control group. CK activity and phosphorus level was measured by using Spectrophotometry method. Results: The results showed significantly higher Ck activity in patients with SCD when compared with control group with (P = 0.021), and not significant differences in mean of serum phosphorus concentration in case when compared with control with (P = 0.547). Also show serum CK activity in patients used hydroxyurea when compare with the mean of patients not used hydroxyurea it is significantly decrease with (P= 0.006)
Evaluation of Plasma Creatine Kinase Activity and Inorganic Phosphate among S...IOSRJPBS
Background: CK and phosphorus are helpful biomarker for detection of early renal abnormality particularly CK which has been shown to be abetter predicator of acute renal failure. Objectives: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Conducted in Khartoum and White Nile state from March to June 2016.The aim of this study to assess serum creatine kinase (CK) activity and inorganic phosphate concentrations in Sudanese patients with sickle cell anemia. 80 subjects were enrolled in this study they were classified into 40 with sickle cell disease (SCD) as casegroup and 40 healthy apparently as control group. CK activity and phosphorus level was measured by using Spectrophotometry method. Results: The results showed significantly higher Ck activity in patients with SCD when compared with control group with (P = 0.021), and not significant differences in mean of serum phosphorus concentration in case when compared with control with (P = 0.547). Also show serum CK activity in patients used hydroxyurea when compare with the mean of patients not used hydroxyurea it is significantly decrease with (P= 0.006). Conclusion: The studies conclude that Sickle cell disease is a predictor for high serum CK activity and low serum concentration of inorganic phosphate
Study of Endothelial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitusiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
A comparative analysis of biochemical and hematological parameters in diabeti...amsjournal
This study evaluated the biochemical and the hematological parameters in diabetic and non- diabetic patients. The measured biochemical parameters were fasting blood sugar, serum alanine aminotransferase (SGPT/ALT), total cholesterol, urea, creatinine and hematological parameters were hemoglobin, total white blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte,monocyte, eosinophil and ESR. There were 403 diabetic and 320 non-diabetic subjects included in this study and the study was carried out in BIRDEM (Bangladesh Institute of Research & Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders) General Hospital). It was observed that the mean values of SGPT/ALT (p<0.001),><0.001)><0.001)><0.001),><0.004),><0.001) of hematological parameters were significantly higher in diabetic patients than in the non-diabetic patients. In univariate analysis, all biochemical parameters and only four hematological parameters were found significantly associated with fasting blood sugar after adjusted with age and sex. The fasting blood sugar correlates highly with the other biochemical parameters but less or none with the hematological parameters. Our findings demonstrated that control of increased biochemical parameters and abnormal hematological levels in the early stage of diabetes mellitus may help the patients to raise quality of life.
Background: The Oxford Classification of IgAN was developed in 2009. Subsequent validation studies found that M and E lesions were less predictive of ESRD. Varying reproducibility and lack of sufficient clinical relevance have since then resulted in several larger studies like the VALIGA study which addressed some of the shortcomings of the Oxford Classification. We had previously reported on a 30 year follow up study of 102 patients with IgA nephritis (IgAN) to validate the Oxford Classification and we showed that E and S lesions of the Oxford MEST were predictive of patients likely to develop renal failure during the initial 5 years of the disease whereas M and T scores were predictive of late renal failure as shown in our 30 years follow up of these patients. In this follow up study we explore how we could expand the relevant histological features of the MEST score as well as include some clinical indices to make the Oxford Classification more relevant clinically.
Study of some Pulmonary Function Tests in Children with Sickle Cell Anemia: C...iosrphr_editor
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
Evaluation of Plasma Creatine Kinase Activity and Inorganic Phosphate among S...IOSRJPBS
Background: CK and phosphorus are helpful biomarker for detection of early renal abnormality particularly CK which has been shown to be abetter predicator of acute renal failure. Objectives: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Conducted in Khartoum and White Nile state from March to June 2016.The aim of this study to assess serum creatine kinase (CK) activity and inorganic phosphate concentrations in Sudanese patients with sickle cell anemia. 80 subjects were enrolled in this study they were classified into 40 with sickle cell disease (SCD) as casegroup and 40 healthy apparently as control group. CK activity and phosphorus level was measured by using Spectrophotometry method. Results: The results showed significantly higher Ck activity in patients with SCD when compared with control group with (P = 0.021), and not significant differences in mean of serum phosphorus concentration in case when compared with control with (P = 0.547). Also show serum CK activity in patients used hydroxyurea when compare with the mean of patients not used hydroxyurea it is significantly decrease with (P= 0.006). Conclusion: The studies conclude that Sickle cell disease is a predictor for high serum CK activity and low serum concentration of inorganic phosphate
Study of Endothelial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitusiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
A comparative analysis of biochemical and hematological parameters in diabeti...amsjournal
This study evaluated the biochemical and the hematological parameters in diabetic and non- diabetic patients. The measured biochemical parameters were fasting blood sugar, serum alanine aminotransferase (SGPT/ALT), total cholesterol, urea, creatinine and hematological parameters were hemoglobin, total white blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte,monocyte, eosinophil and ESR. There were 403 diabetic and 320 non-diabetic subjects included in this study and the study was carried out in BIRDEM (Bangladesh Institute of Research & Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders) General Hospital). It was observed that the mean values of SGPT/ALT (p<0.001),><0.001)><0.001)><0.001),><0.004),><0.001) of hematological parameters were significantly higher in diabetic patients than in the non-diabetic patients. In univariate analysis, all biochemical parameters and only four hematological parameters were found significantly associated with fasting blood sugar after adjusted with age and sex. The fasting blood sugar correlates highly with the other biochemical parameters but less or none with the hematological parameters. Our findings demonstrated that control of increased biochemical parameters and abnormal hematological levels in the early stage of diabetes mellitus may help the patients to raise quality of life.
Background: The Oxford Classification of IgAN was developed in 2009. Subsequent validation studies found that M and E lesions were less predictive of ESRD. Varying reproducibility and lack of sufficient clinical relevance have since then resulted in several larger studies like the VALIGA study which addressed some of the shortcomings of the Oxford Classification. We had previously reported on a 30 year follow up study of 102 patients with IgA nephritis (IgAN) to validate the Oxford Classification and we showed that E and S lesions of the Oxford MEST were predictive of patients likely to develop renal failure during the initial 5 years of the disease whereas M and T scores were predictive of late renal failure as shown in our 30 years follow up of these patients. In this follow up study we explore how we could expand the relevant histological features of the MEST score as well as include some clinical indices to make the Oxford Classification more relevant clinically.
Study of some Pulmonary Function Tests in Children with Sickle Cell Anemia: C...iosrphr_editor
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
Relative risk of cardiovascular morbidity is increased in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). According to current KDIGO guideline
cardiovascular risk can be estimated from Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) and proteinuria.
Hypertension is commonly associated with other cardiovascular risk factors, such as obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidaemia. The presence of these cardiovascular risk factors and the resulting endothelial dysfunction may play a role in the pathophysiology of hypertension. Dyslipidaemia, a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease.
This cross-sectional study was conducted at Shendi locality from February 2011 to July 2012. The patients underwent a clinical assessment, which included history (a questionnaire) and clinical examination. 100 hypertensive patients. The age limits was 40 to 60 years.
There was sharp and definite increase in the percentage of patients having >200mg/dl total cholesterol after four years of diabetes mellitus from (28-34%) to (41%). There was a sharp increase in the percentage of patients having >150mg/dl of low density lipoproteins after 6 years of diabetes mellitus from ( 8 - 9 )% to (14.2%). There was also an increase in the percentage of patients having <160mg/dl of triglycerides after four years of diabetes mellitus from 53% to 61% of diabetes.
Increasing lipid abnormality of hypertensive is associated with higher incidence of CAD.
ABSTRACT- In today’s modern lifestyle high blood cholesterol is one of the most dreaded causes of heart diseases among the global population. Fast lifestyle, lack of exercise, obesity and improper food intake all sum up to deranged lipid profile as well as diabetes. Diabetes and high blood cholesterol goes hand in hand which leads to an increased incidence of coronary artery and cardiovascular disorders which still remains as one of the leading causes of mortality overall. In the present study there has been an effort put to draw a correlation between glycosylated hemoglobin which is a marker for level of blood glucose in diabetic patients as well as deranged lipid profile. Blood samples collected in sterile vials were first centrifuged and then put into analyzer for the computation of the lipid profile and the glycosylated hemoglobin. Results computed were made a note of and then prepared for statistical analysis. Results thus obtained showed that females showed significantly higher levels of total serum cholesterol and Non-HDL compared to males other than that their lipid parameters were a little higher than males in general. Diabetic female patients showed a significantly higher level of glycosylated hemoglobin. There was a significant difference in the HDL values of patients in pre diabetic state and worst control of glycemic hemoglobin. There were also significant differences observed in the TGL, TGL/HDL and VLDL values between Diabetic and control patients. In general there were increased correlation of HbA1c with TSC and LDL and the respective ratios as HbA1c increases while LDL/HDL showed a significant increase with HbA1c.
Key-words- Cholesterol, Diabetes mellitus, Lipid profile, HDL, LDL, Lipid ratios
Abstract—Subclinical Hypothyroidism is a much more common disorder with a world-wide occurrence as compared to overt Hypothyroidism. Overt Hypothyroidism is associated with abnormalities of lipid metabolism, but the significance of dyslipidemia in subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) remains controversial.
Aims: To compare the lipid profile between subclinical hypothyroid patients & healthy controls (age & sex matched) so as to determine any association between lipid profile & subclinical hypothyroidism.
Materials and Methods: In a case-control study, Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free T3, free T4, anti thyroperoxidase (TPO) antibodies, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein(HDL) cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, Very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol, serum triglycerides were measured in 50 patients with subclinical hypothyroidism and 50 age- and sex-matched Euthyroid controls after an overnight fasting.
Results: Mean serum triglycerides (TG) and very low-density cholesterol (VLDL) were significantly higher in patients with SCH than controls (P < 0.05). No association was found between serum total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and SCH.
Conclusions: Dyslipidemia is more common in SCH compared to controls. High serum triglycerides and VLDL were observed in patients with SCH.
Potential role of uric acid in correlation with epidemics of hypertension and...Apollo Hospitals
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a microvascular complication of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Uric acid (UA) is the end product of purine nucleotide metabolism and its primary mode of clearance is by renal excretion. Modifiable factors such as blood pressure, albuminuria, glycemic control, etc., play an important role in the progression of DN and none of them are curative. Hence, there is a pressing interest to identify other potentially modifiable factors such as UA in the progression of DN.
Abstract— Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease is also becoming public health impotance nowadays. So this study was aimed to determine the association of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with metabolic syndrome and Cardio-Vascular disease along with assessment of degree of severity of NAFLD with respect to number of components of metabolic syndrome. This study includes a total of 222 subjects were enrolled as per the inclusion/exclusion criteria, out of which 110 cases who had NAFLD with hepatic steatosis on ultrasonography and 112 subjects who did not have NAFLD were considered control. These cases and controls were interrogated and investigated further. Observations were recorded and association of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with metabolic syndrome and Cardio-Vascular disease along with assessment of degree of severity of NAFLD with respect to number of components of metabolic syndrome. Statistical methods used were unpaired student’s t-test for continuous variables, Fischer’s and chi-sq test for categorical variables using bivariate analysis by Graph Pad Instat Version 3.10. Risk was assessed in terms of Odd's Ratio. The patients with MS and NAFLD had a higher proportion of CVD compared with those who did not have NAFLD (29.1 vs 18.1 %). This study concludes that NAFLD is significantly associated with MS; most significant with WC, followed by TG and FBS and thus can be considered as hepatic component of MS. This needs more research with large multi-centric prospective studies to evaluate NAFLD as an independent risk factor for CVD.
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
All manuscripts are subject to rapid peer review. Those of high quality (not previously published and not under consideration for publication in another journal) will be published without delay.
Prevalence of Gall Stone Disease and its Relation to Hypercholesteraemia, Hyp...Apollo Hospitals
To investigate the prevalence of gall stone disease in the affluent north Indian population and to study its
association with hypercholesteraemia, hypertension and diabetes, in isolation and together. A survey of 1000 subjects who reported to the hospital for routine health check (including physical examination, routine blood investigations and abdominal ultrasound).
Study of Lipid Profile in Patients of Coronary Artery Disease among Rural Pop...iosrjce
India and other developing countries in South Asia are progressively facing alarming proportions of
morbidity and mortality caused by coronary artery disease. There are a number of studies on dyslipidemia in
coronary artery disease patients in Indian subcontinent, mostly in urban population in different geographical
territories of the country. There was no such community-based study in rural population of Bihar. Hence this
case control study was undertaken to study dyslipidemia among the rural patients admitted to hospital with
coronary artery disease. 100 consecutive cases diagnosed as coronary artery disease aged 30 to 90 years were
compared to 50 ages and sex matched healthy controls. Age, gender, blood pressure, history of smoking and
diabetes mellitus, waist-hip ratio and Body Mass Index were recorded in each subject. Blood samples for
investigations of lipid profile i.e. serum cholesterol (CHO), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein–
cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) were collected from cases. It was found
that high prevalence of dyslipidemia i.e. elevated serum cholesterol and TG and low HDL cholesterol were
significant in all the age groups above 40 years. Interestingly our study in rural population is not associated
with increased risk of coronary artery disease with LDL levels. In order to implement preventive approach to
CAD, our findings suggest that early detection of abnormal lipid profile and modification of lifestyles are important
Role of serum trace elements magnesium, copper and zinc, level in Libyan pati...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Biotechnology and Biochemistry (IOSR-JBB) covers studies of the chemical processes in living organisms, structure and function of cellular components such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and other biomolecules, chemical properties of important biological molecules, like proteins, in particular the chemistry of enzyme-catalyzed reactions, genetic code (DNA, RNA), protein synthesis, cell membrane transport, and signal transduction. IOSR-JBB is privileged to focus on a wide range of biotechnology as well as high quality articles on genetic engineering, cell and tissue culture technologies, genetics, microbiology, molecular biology, biochemistry, embryology, cell biology, chemical engineering, bioprocess engineering, information technology, biorobotics.
Relative risk of cardiovascular morbidity is increased in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). According to current KDIGO guideline
cardiovascular risk can be estimated from Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) and proteinuria.
Hypertension is commonly associated with other cardiovascular risk factors, such as obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidaemia. The presence of these cardiovascular risk factors and the resulting endothelial dysfunction may play a role in the pathophysiology of hypertension. Dyslipidaemia, a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease.
This cross-sectional study was conducted at Shendi locality from February 2011 to July 2012. The patients underwent a clinical assessment, which included history (a questionnaire) and clinical examination. 100 hypertensive patients. The age limits was 40 to 60 years.
There was sharp and definite increase in the percentage of patients having >200mg/dl total cholesterol after four years of diabetes mellitus from (28-34%) to (41%). There was a sharp increase in the percentage of patients having >150mg/dl of low density lipoproteins after 6 years of diabetes mellitus from ( 8 - 9 )% to (14.2%). There was also an increase in the percentage of patients having <160mg/dl of triglycerides after four years of diabetes mellitus from 53% to 61% of diabetes.
Increasing lipid abnormality of hypertensive is associated with higher incidence of CAD.
ABSTRACT- In today’s modern lifestyle high blood cholesterol is one of the most dreaded causes of heart diseases among the global population. Fast lifestyle, lack of exercise, obesity and improper food intake all sum up to deranged lipid profile as well as diabetes. Diabetes and high blood cholesterol goes hand in hand which leads to an increased incidence of coronary artery and cardiovascular disorders which still remains as one of the leading causes of mortality overall. In the present study there has been an effort put to draw a correlation between glycosylated hemoglobin which is a marker for level of blood glucose in diabetic patients as well as deranged lipid profile. Blood samples collected in sterile vials were first centrifuged and then put into analyzer for the computation of the lipid profile and the glycosylated hemoglobin. Results computed were made a note of and then prepared for statistical analysis. Results thus obtained showed that females showed significantly higher levels of total serum cholesterol and Non-HDL compared to males other than that their lipid parameters were a little higher than males in general. Diabetic female patients showed a significantly higher level of glycosylated hemoglobin. There was a significant difference in the HDL values of patients in pre diabetic state and worst control of glycemic hemoglobin. There were also significant differences observed in the TGL, TGL/HDL and VLDL values between Diabetic and control patients. In general there were increased correlation of HbA1c with TSC and LDL and the respective ratios as HbA1c increases while LDL/HDL showed a significant increase with HbA1c.
Key-words- Cholesterol, Diabetes mellitus, Lipid profile, HDL, LDL, Lipid ratios
Abstract—Subclinical Hypothyroidism is a much more common disorder with a world-wide occurrence as compared to overt Hypothyroidism. Overt Hypothyroidism is associated with abnormalities of lipid metabolism, but the significance of dyslipidemia in subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) remains controversial.
Aims: To compare the lipid profile between subclinical hypothyroid patients & healthy controls (age & sex matched) so as to determine any association between lipid profile & subclinical hypothyroidism.
Materials and Methods: In a case-control study, Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free T3, free T4, anti thyroperoxidase (TPO) antibodies, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein(HDL) cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, Very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol, serum triglycerides were measured in 50 patients with subclinical hypothyroidism and 50 age- and sex-matched Euthyroid controls after an overnight fasting.
Results: Mean serum triglycerides (TG) and very low-density cholesterol (VLDL) were significantly higher in patients with SCH than controls (P < 0.05). No association was found between serum total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and SCH.
Conclusions: Dyslipidemia is more common in SCH compared to controls. High serum triglycerides and VLDL were observed in patients with SCH.
Potential role of uric acid in correlation with epidemics of hypertension and...Apollo Hospitals
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a microvascular complication of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Uric acid (UA) is the end product of purine nucleotide metabolism and its primary mode of clearance is by renal excretion. Modifiable factors such as blood pressure, albuminuria, glycemic control, etc., play an important role in the progression of DN and none of them are curative. Hence, there is a pressing interest to identify other potentially modifiable factors such as UA in the progression of DN.
Abstract— Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease is also becoming public health impotance nowadays. So this study was aimed to determine the association of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with metabolic syndrome and Cardio-Vascular disease along with assessment of degree of severity of NAFLD with respect to number of components of metabolic syndrome. This study includes a total of 222 subjects were enrolled as per the inclusion/exclusion criteria, out of which 110 cases who had NAFLD with hepatic steatosis on ultrasonography and 112 subjects who did not have NAFLD were considered control. These cases and controls were interrogated and investigated further. Observations were recorded and association of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with metabolic syndrome and Cardio-Vascular disease along with assessment of degree of severity of NAFLD with respect to number of components of metabolic syndrome. Statistical methods used were unpaired student’s t-test for continuous variables, Fischer’s and chi-sq test for categorical variables using bivariate analysis by Graph Pad Instat Version 3.10. Risk was assessed in terms of Odd's Ratio. The patients with MS and NAFLD had a higher proportion of CVD compared with those who did not have NAFLD (29.1 vs 18.1 %). This study concludes that NAFLD is significantly associated with MS; most significant with WC, followed by TG and FBS and thus can be considered as hepatic component of MS. This needs more research with large multi-centric prospective studies to evaluate NAFLD as an independent risk factor for CVD.
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
All manuscripts are subject to rapid peer review. Those of high quality (not previously published and not under consideration for publication in another journal) will be published without delay.
Prevalence of Gall Stone Disease and its Relation to Hypercholesteraemia, Hyp...Apollo Hospitals
To investigate the prevalence of gall stone disease in the affluent north Indian population and to study its
association with hypercholesteraemia, hypertension and diabetes, in isolation and together. A survey of 1000 subjects who reported to the hospital for routine health check (including physical examination, routine blood investigations and abdominal ultrasound).
Study of Lipid Profile in Patients of Coronary Artery Disease among Rural Pop...iosrjce
India and other developing countries in South Asia are progressively facing alarming proportions of
morbidity and mortality caused by coronary artery disease. There are a number of studies on dyslipidemia in
coronary artery disease patients in Indian subcontinent, mostly in urban population in different geographical
territories of the country. There was no such community-based study in rural population of Bihar. Hence this
case control study was undertaken to study dyslipidemia among the rural patients admitted to hospital with
coronary artery disease. 100 consecutive cases diagnosed as coronary artery disease aged 30 to 90 years were
compared to 50 ages and sex matched healthy controls. Age, gender, blood pressure, history of smoking and
diabetes mellitus, waist-hip ratio and Body Mass Index were recorded in each subject. Blood samples for
investigations of lipid profile i.e. serum cholesterol (CHO), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein–
cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) were collected from cases. It was found
that high prevalence of dyslipidemia i.e. elevated serum cholesterol and TG and low HDL cholesterol were
significant in all the age groups above 40 years. Interestingly our study in rural population is not associated
with increased risk of coronary artery disease with LDL levels. In order to implement preventive approach to
CAD, our findings suggest that early detection of abnormal lipid profile and modification of lifestyles are important
Similar to Evaluation of plasma Creatine Kinase activity and Inorganic phosphate among Sudanese patients with sickle cell disease in Khartoum and White Nile state
Role of serum trace elements magnesium, copper and zinc, level in Libyan pati...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Biotechnology and Biochemistry (IOSR-JBB) covers studies of the chemical processes in living organisms, structure and function of cellular components such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and other biomolecules, chemical properties of important biological molecules, like proteins, in particular the chemistry of enzyme-catalyzed reactions, genetic code (DNA, RNA), protein synthesis, cell membrane transport, and signal transduction. IOSR-JBB is privileged to focus on a wide range of biotechnology as well as high quality articles on genetic engineering, cell and tissue culture technologies, genetics, microbiology, molecular biology, biochemistry, embryology, cell biology, chemical engineering, bioprocess engineering, information technology, biorobotics.
Modulation of calcium homeostasis and ATPase activity in erythrocyte membrane...inventionjournals
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Pahrmaceutical Science. IJPSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Role of Serum Copper and Zinc in Pathogenesis of Psoriasisiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Biotechnology and Biochemistry (IOSR-JBB) covers studies of the chemical processes in living organisms, structure and function of cellular components such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and other biomolecules, chemical properties of important biological molecules, like proteins, in particular the chemistry of enzyme-catalyzed reactions, genetic code (DNA, RNA), protein synthesis, cell membrane transport, and signal transduction. IOSR-JBB is privileged to focus on a wide range of biotechnology as well as high quality articles on genetic engineering, cell and tissue culture technologies, genetics, microbiology, molecular biology, biochemistry, embryology, cell biology, chemical engineering, bioprocess engineering, information technology, biorobotics.
Red Blood Cell Lipids, Serum Trace Elements and Immunological Markers in Pros...ijtsrd
Aim In this study, the red cell lipids, serum trace elements and immunological markers in prostatic disease patients attending the Nephrology Department of Abia state University Teaching Hospital Aba were evaluated.METHODOLOGY A total of one hundred and ten 110 adult males aged 40 80years comprising of 60 prostatic disease patients and fifty 50 normal subjects were recruited. The prostatic disease patients comprised of thirty 30 prostatitis, twenty 20 benign prostatic hyperplasia BPH and ten 10 prostate cancer patients. Red cell lipids, trace elements and immunological markers were determined on blood samples collected from the subjects between January 2017 and December 2020.RESULTS Results obtained following analysis indicated a significant increase in red cell total cholesterol, red cell LDL cholesterol, red cell Triglyceride and red cell phospholipids P 0.05 compared to control subjects whereas red cell HDL cholesterol were significantly decreased compared to control subjects P 0.05 serum trace elements copper were significantly decreased in prostatitis and BPH compared to control subjects P 0.05 but no significant decrease in prostate cancer patients compared to control subjects P 0.05 . Serum iron and lead showed no significant difference in prostatic patients compared to control subjects. Serum manganese levels showed significant increase in BPH patients compared to control subjects P 0.05 whereas prostatitis and prostate cancer patients showed no significant decrease P 0.05 compared to control subjects. Globulin concentrations of prostatatic patients did not show significant increase in prostatic disease patients compared to control subjects P 0.05 .CONCLUSION Lipids serves as a promoter of peroxidation, oxidative stress and oxidative damage which has been implicated in many diseases and immunological markers is an evidence of inflammation which is evidence and risk factors in development of prostatic diseases. Agbugba. N. Agnes | Ohaeri. O. Christopher | Ijioma. N. Solomon | R. T. Uroko | Onyeabo Chimaroke | Achi. K. Ngozi | Nwaokorie Ernest A. "Red Blood Cell Lipids, Serum Trace Elements and Immunological Markers in Prostatic Disease Patients: An Investigative Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-2 , February 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49441.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biochemistry/49441/red-blood-cell-lipids-serum-trace-elements-and-immunological-markers-in-prostatic-disease-patients-an-investigative-study/agbugba-n-agnes
Background: High serum phosphate level is associated with increased CVD morbidity and mortality in CKD patients. We sought to compare the efϐicacy of non-calcium containing phosphate binder Sevelamer Carbonate (SC) with Lanthanum Carbonate (LC) in patients with CKD stage 3-5.
Study of Hyponatremia and its Outcome in Cirrhosis of Liversemualkaira
1.1. Background: Hyponatremia in cirrhosis is currently defined
as a serum sodium level of less than 130 meq/L. Recent studies
have reported that lower serum sodium levels are associated with
increased complications and mortality leading to incorporation of
sodium in the Model For End Stage Liver Disease. Therefore, we
undertook this study in our tertiary hospital to study serum sodium
levels in patients admitted with cirrhosis of liver and its outcome.
Prevalence of Hyperuricemia at Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital, B...BRNSS Publication Hub
Serum uric acid (SUA) and the prevalence of hyperuricemia have been increasing both in developing and developed countries over the past decades. Recent studies suggest that hyperuricemia is an independent risk factor for metabolic syndrome, type-2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Although the incidence of gout in Nepalese adults is increasing, epidemiologic studies on hyperuricemia in the general Nepalese population are limited. The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of hyperuricemia at Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal. A hospital-based retrospective study was conducted from December 2015 to November 2016. A total of 1513 (507 males and 625 females) outpatient department from Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal, were participated in this survey. Total subject was investigated for SUA by uricase/phenol-aminophenazone (PAP) method. SUA concentration of >7 mg/dl in men and >6 mg/dl in women was considered as hyperuricemia. Overall prevalence of hyperuricemia among the total population (1513) was 25.18%. Among hyperuricemia population, the prevalence of men and women was 25.33% and 25.05%, respectively. The prevalence of hyperuricemia was high in young Nepalese adults of age <20 years (39.53% in men and 35.06% in female). Similarly, >60 years age group, hyperuricemia in men and women was 32.85% and 28.88%, respectively. The prevalence of hyperuricemia among <20 years age group was relatively high followed by >60 years age group. There was high prevalence of hyperuricemia among the men compare to women of these populations of Biratnagar, Nepal.
A study on the pharmacological management of mineral bone disease in chronick...PARUL UNIVERSITY
In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), along with progression of CKD,
abnormalities of mineral and bone metabolism develop, which result in altered serum levels of minerals
such as calcium and phosphorus, as well as abnormalities in parathyroid hormone (PTH) or vitamin D
metabolism. Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral Bone Disease (CKD-MBD) is a serious burden because of
increased cardiovascular mortality thus making therapeutic improvements essential in CKD-MBD. The
present study was aimed at evaluation of pharmacological management of CKD-MBD.
Methods:A retrospective study including 180 patients divided into two groups of 90 each (diabetes
mellitus and non-Diabetes) was performed in the Department of Nephrology, SVIMS, Tirupati. Patients
who were on follow up for at least 3 years (2015-2017) were considered, serum parameters were measured at every six months with a total of 6 visits. First visit was taken as baseline and sixth visit as
conclusion.
Results:The disease incidence of CKD-MBD is more common in male patients i.e. 67.8%. Serum calcium
levels were significantly increased and eGFR was significantly decreased in all patients with CKD at
conclusion compared to baseline.Further, Serum calcium levels were significantly increased at conclusion
in CKD patients without DM and eGFR was significantly decreased at conclusion compared to baseline
in CKD patients with DM. The proportion of untreated patients is high for all the drugs except vitamin D
analogues in both subgroups of CKD patients.
Conclusion:Pharmacological intervention in CKD patients helps in the effective management of mineral
bone disease by maintaining serum calcium, phosphate and calcium phosphorous product status.
Red cell alloimmunization in blood transfusion dependent Patients with Sickle...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Serum Procalcitonin as a marker of infection in chronic kidney disease patien...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is a glycoprotein, a member of the transforming growth factor-B super family. This hormone is a sensitive marker of ovarian reserve. The present study aims to measure the Anti-Mullerian hormone in thalassemic females receiving the regular blood transfusion as well as patients of chronic idiopathic thrombocgtopenic purpura and age and sex matched controls. Serum Anti-Mullerian hormone was measured by ELISA and Ferritin were measured by RIA. Clinical evaluation was done for all patients including anthropometric measurements, pubertal staging and history taking. Results of the study were analyzed by appropriate statistical methods. Obtained results revealed that the values of Body Mass Index as well as Anti-Mullerian were significantly higher in controls than thalassemics and chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and there was a negative correlation between serum Ferritin and Anti-Mullerian hormone. Moreover, Anti-Mullerian hormone was significantly higher in patients receiving Desferal than in those receiving Deferriprone. Reduced Anti-Mullerian hormone in thalassemics as well as chronic ITP patients are considered an important indicator declines in ovarian function which entail modification in the therapeutic plans for thalassemic and chronic ITP patients.
Background: Anemia is a common Feature of chronic kidney disease, but the management of anemia in children is complex. Erythropoietin and Supplemental iron are used to maintain hemoglobin levels. The aim of this study to determine the Frequency of anemia and possible Risk Factors Among children with End stage renal disease.
Methods: A total of 96 children, 61males (63.5%) and 35 Females (36.5%), were attended at hemodialysis units in Khartoum state were enrolled in the study and Frequency of anemia was estimated by analyzing CBC on blood counter (sysmex). The concentration of iron profile, C-reactive protein and parathyroid hormone was measured using COBAS INTEGRA 400 PLUS and COBAS E411.
Results: 99% of children were anemic, 4.17% of them were suffering from iron deficiency anemia and there are other causes contributing to anemia in ESRD patients which are inflammation and hyperparathyroidism.
Conclusion: The prevalence of anemia in children on hemodialysis in Sudan appears to be higher than that reported in other studies despite extensive use of rHuEPO and iron supplementation.
A Systematic Review of the Zinc Concentrations in the Prostate Fluid of Norma...asclepiuspdfs
Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly occurring neoplasm in males in many countries and the fourth most commonly occurring cancer overall. Various studies indicate some discrepancies regarding zinc (Zn) levels in prostatic fluid of normal and cancerous glands. Materials and Methods: The present systematic analysis included 25 studies on Zn levels in expressed prostatic fluid (EPF), all of which were published in the years from 1961 to 2018 and selected by searching the databases Scopus, PubMed, MEDLINE, ELSEVIER-EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and the Web of Science. The articles were analyzed, and “Median of Means” and “Range of Means” were used to examine heterogeneity of Zn concentrations in two groups of subjects – apparently healthy men “N” and patients with PCa “C.” Moreover, using the ratios of prostatic fluid Zn in “C” group to prostatic fluid Zn in “N” group (ZnC/ZnN) obtained (or calculated by us) in the reviewed studies, “Median of Means” and “Range of Means” for these ratios were found. The objective analysis was performed on data from the 25 studies, with total 85 subjects in “C” group and more than 900 subjects in “N” group. Results: The range of means of Zn concentration reported in the literature for normal EPF varies widely from 47.1 mg/L to 825 mg/L with a median of means 501 mg/L. The range of means of Zn concentration for EPF of untreated cancerous prostate varies also widely from 34.7 mg/L to 722 mg/L, but median of means is lower – 65.4 mg/L. Thus, the obtained median of means for Zn concentration in normal human prostatic fluid is at least one order of magnitude higher than median of mean values of the element content in EPF of cancerous prostate. In other words, the analysis of 25 studies with discordant data regarding prostatic fluid concentration of Zn demonstrated that there is a significantly diminished concentration of Zn in EPF of PCa patients compared to controls. Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between lowered Zn concentrations in the prostatic fluid and PCa, but because of small sample size and high data heterogeneity, we recommend other primary studies.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Pahrmaceutical Science. IJPSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Core Components of the Metabolic Syndrome in Nonalcohlic Fatty Liver DiseaseIOSR Journals
IOSR Journal of Biotechnology and Biochemistry (IOSR-JBB)
Volume 1, Issue 2
Similar to Evaluation of plasma Creatine Kinase activity and Inorganic phosphate among Sudanese patients with sickle cell disease in Khartoum and White Nile state (20)
Cytogenetic an Experimental Monitoring Test for Plant ExtractsIOSRJPBS
More than two centuries have been passed since the chromosomes have been firstly observed in plant cells by Nageli in 1842. During this long period, chromosomes have been discovered in human cells and well recognized as a source of genes locations. The effects of chemicals and environmental pollution in human health and caners became an interested field of studying diver mutagens and their role in affecting the genetic materials. Cytogenetic tests were the main tools to evaluate the effects of those mutagens on human genome and chromosomes. Many techniques have been used for these purposes including in vitro and in vivo analyzing tests using human and animal cells. The intent of this article is to review the role of cytogenetic techniques in detecting the effects of mutagens on chromosomal aberrations and the role of plant extracts in monitoring these effects
Prevalence of Rota Virus Detection by Reverse TranscriptasePolymerase Chain R...IOSRJPBS
The present study was conducted for the period from 1/6/2016 to 20/1/2017 in Baquba city. The study aimed to detection of rotavirus in stool specimens of children fewer than five age and also explore the effects of certain demographic factors on the detection rates by revers transcriptase- polymerase chain reaction. The study included 49 patients with acute diarrhea, 32 were male and 17 were female. The age range was two months to 5 years. Demographic information on the patients regarding age, sex, residence, type of feeding and source of drinking water were collected from their parents. Stool specimens were collected from each patients and. Detection of rotavirus in stool specimens was done by conventional reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results of present study showed that the overall infection rate by rotavirus among patients with acute diarrhea by RT-PCR tests was 93.88%. The highest infection rate was recorded among those >10-≤15 months of age. None of the results showed significantly difference between female and male, PCR (88% vs 96.87%). Likewise, there was insignificantly difference between urban and rural residence, PCR (95.65% vs 92.30%). The results revealed insignificantly higher infection rate among patients (those below 2 years) feed mixing (91.66%) and bottled (100%) compared to that breast feeding (77.77%) by RT-PCR. The rotavirus infection rate was insignificantly higher among patients consuming municipal water for drinking (97.22%) compared to those consuming bottled water (84.61%) by the RT-PCR. The study concluded that rotavirus was detected in high rates among children less than 5 years old with acute diarrhea in Baquba city, particularly those less than 2 year old.
Antidiabetic and Cytoprotective Effect of Ethanolic Extract of SalaciaNitida ...IOSRJPBS
Objective:Many of the available therapies for diabetes have a number of serious adverse effects; therefore the search for more effective and safer hypoglycaemic agents becomes a paramount. This research was set to investigate the antidiabetic potential and cytoprotective effect of ethanolic root extract of Salacianitida on alloxan induced hyperglyceamic rats. Method:Acute toxicity and phytochemical constituents were evaluated using standardized methods. The study lasted for a period of thirty days comprising of two phases: induction phase and treatment phase. Thirty animals were grouped into five groups of six rats each. Group 1 and 2 serve as normal and toxic control respectively while groups 3, 4, and 5 were treated with 750, 1500mg of S.nitidaand 5mg glibenclamide respectively. The BGL, food and fluid intake was monitored daily while the body weight was measured on weekly. The last day of the study after an overnight fast, the animals were loaded with glucose and the OGTT measured prior to and at 30minutes interval for two hours after which the animals were sacrificed under ether anaesthesia and the organs isolated for histological examination. Results/Conclusion:The results of the present study indicate that S.nitida possessantidiabetic potentials and cytoprotective effect noted in its significant percentage reduction in the glucose level, slight increase in body weight and restoration of the toxic organs to normal.
Anti Bacterial and Anti Oxidant Activities of Evolvulus Alsinoides LinnIOSRJPBS
: Plants are very important sources of potential useful raw materials as natural chemotherapeutic agents. Shankhpushpi is botanically termed as Evolvulus alsinoides; the extracts have exhibited antioxidant, anti-ulcer, and immunomodulatory activities. The present work is to investigate the invitro therapeutic potential activities of methanolic extract of whole plant of Evolvulus alsinoides on the antimicrobial activity against five clinical pathogenic bacterial strains viz., Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Klebshiella pneumonia and Salmonella typhii, using agar well diffusion assay and Anti oxidant activity using 1-1-Diphenyl- 2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical. Extract inhibited IC50: 40.2. Total phenolic content: 28.4 mg/ml & Total flavonoid content: 20.2 μg /ml. Evolvulus alsinoides (MIC): 512.5mg/ml possess 30 to 40 % inhibition, the antibacterial activity of the herbal extracts was more pronounced on the gram- negative bacteria Klebshiella pneumonia than the gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. The free radical scavenging activity of methanolic activity of whole plant of Evolvulus alsinoides increase in a concentration dependent manner, and posses statistically significance DPPH free radical scavenging & Anti microbial activities
A Study on Biomarkers in a Spatially Distributed Type – 2 Diabetes mellitus G...IOSRJPBS
Diabetes, a dreaded disease already ravaged a huge population worldwide, whether it is inherited through generations or invited by the people by their uncontrolled way of life is still obscure. Biomarkers assay is a boon to the diseased to opt proper prophylactic measures to curb or eradicate diseases. The elevated levels of various biomarkers related to inflammation of vital organs, liver function, kidney function and other vital parameters in our diabetic cases reveals the extent of organ(s) damage in these subjects. It is also evident that the levels of various biomarkers are similar in our diabetic subjects, irrespective of their habits or habitats.
Toxicological profile of Grewia bicolor root extractIOSRJPBS
In recent years, traditional system of medicine has become a topic of global importance. Many of the plant species that provide medicinal herbs have been scientifically evaluated for their possible medicinal, pharmacological and toxicological effects. A number of species of the genus Grewia have been used as medicinal herbs to treat several diseases in different parts of the globe. Grewia bicolor is the most famous medicinal plant among the genus Grewia. Despite the wide use of the plant in traditional medicine, so far no scientific evaluation was carried out on this plant for the preclinical toxicity profile. The present study was conducted to evaluate the safety of Grewia bicolor root extract. The plant extract proved that it is relatively safe through the acute and sub-acute studies.
Flora of Kansai Basin at Lalgarh of Paschim Medinipur District in West Bengal...IOSRJPBS
Flora is systematic enumeration of plant species in a given community of a given ecosystem. It reflects the quality as well as the health of the ecosystem because the floral community are the producers which support the growth and development of ecosystem. It reflects the inflow of nutrients and recycling processes through bio-geochemical processes. Indiscriminate use of different chemicals and articles for different purposes produced by different leading factories for the modern development of human societies causes threat to the environment and loosing the biodiversity which significantly destroying the environment rapidly. The main reason is increasing load of human population which damaging the environment and degrading the ecosystem by pollution directly or indirectly. The present paper reflects the 57 floral elements under 29 families and the community structure including eco-degradation process which could be a starting point of extension through community research by a group of workers in future. Hope that interested people will come and take that opportunity to record the problems for future study and assessment about the dwindling ecosystem for our existence at Lalgarh.
Although ATP production is very important for mitochondria, little is known about the actual rate of production and the value of “unit of currency” for mitochondrial energy transactions. “Unit of currency” for all transactions in general is named “quantum” in Physics, and no value of ATP quantum is accurately given in bibliography, other than rough estimates. This work focuses to calculating produced energy unit in mitochondrial metabolism (Quantum for ATP, or QATP for sort) and the rate of ATP production (power of “mitochondrial factory”)
High Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency Among Saudi Children And Adolescents ...IOSRJPBS
Background: Vitamin D inadequacy constitutes an increasingly recognized comorbidity among Saudi populations. There were limited data about its prevalence in Saudi children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among Saudi children and adolescents with T1DM in Albaha region, southwestern of Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 117 Saudi children and adolescents with T1DM. These patients were recruited from Albaha diabetic center, Saudi Arabia. The range of age of the participants was 1 –18 years.. All participants were subjected to history taking including, age, gender, duration of diabetes, clinical presentation at the onset of diabetes. Measurement of serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D was done in all participants. Results: There were 117 Saudi children and adolescent with T1DM, 52 (44.4%) were boys, and 65 (55.6%) were girls with a mean age 8.8 ± 3.4 and 9.2 ± 3.9 for boys and girls respectively (p=0.52). The mean serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels among them was 17.1± 10.1 ng/ml and the prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy was 88.9% (59.9% of subjects had vitamin D deficiency and 29 % had vitamin D insufficiency) and 11.1% had sufficient levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D. There was a significant difference in vitamin D level among different groups of vitamin D level (p˂ 0.001). The prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency was greater in the girls with 34.2%, as compared to 25.6% among boys. Vitamin D deficiency was more common among children in the range of age 1-10 years (52.1% vs 36.8%). In vitamin D deficient group, the mean levels of vitamin D were significantly lower in patients presented with DKA as compared to those presented with hyperglycemic symptoms (p= 0.016). Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is common in Saudi children and adolescent with T1DM in Albaha region. This is more common in girls and in the younger age groups. Therefore, screening for vitamin D deficiency, creating awareness to increase sunlight exposure, increase the fortification of food products with vitamin D and vitamin D supplementation for these patients should be warranted to prevent future morbidity.
Development of Nimbolide from Seeds of Azadirachta Indica Extract Assisted by...IOSRJPBS
The recent studies on Nimbolide, a robust cervical anticancer agent was identified for the separation of Nimbolide from Azadirachta indica berry collected from Ranga Reddy- Dist, the seeds were initially isolated, dried and transformed into coarse powder. The seed core was defatted and concentrated using methanol in a soxhlet apparatus. The methanolic extract obtained from seeds is subjected to High Performance Liquid Chromatography [HPLC] by direct reverse phase method for isolation of Nimbolide using Molecular Docking of Nimbolide through Molecular Operatin Environment [MOE] 2008 software. This declared that Nimbolide has capability of binding 12.3% to a Glycine 131 undergoing polar interactions. Nimbolide was found to interact with Cyclin E, was redeemed from the Protein Data Bank [PDB code; 1W98]. It was observed that Nimbolide showed an satisfactory increased life span (54.32 and 65.16), decreased the viable cells (52.3±1.5 and 32.5±1.3), and tumor volume (3.2±0.03 and 2.4±0.04).
A Review on Different Benefits of MushroomIOSRJPBS
This paper reviews mushrooms. In this paper, nutritional and medicinal values, other uses of mushrooms were discussed. Mushrooms have been important in human history as food, as medicine, as legands, and in folk lore and religion. Mushrooms are basically consumed for their texture and flavor. They have recently become attractive as health - beneficent food and as sources for the development of drugs. Many higher mushrooms are known to contain a number of biologically active components that show promising antitumor and immunomodulating, cardiovascular, hepatoprotective, hypocholesterolemic, antiviral, antibacterial, antiparasitic and antidiabetic effects. Nutritional value of mushrooms lies between that of meat and vegetables. The rich source of proteins, vitamins and minerals and low in fat content (2-8%) unique chemicals constitution of mushrooms makes them low calorie food 8 and choice diet for those suffering from hypertension, arthrosclerosis, diabetes, obesity. Mushrooms play a role in the development of new biological remediation techniques and filtration technologies (e.g. using fungi to lower bacterial levels in contaminated water). From the review it was observed that developing countries should harness the potentials of mushrooms as this would boost the revenue income and healthy living. It is hoped that this paper would add to existing information on this fungus
A Clinical Study of Amoebic Dysentery and Its Homoeopathic ManagementIOSRJPBS
A Clinical Study of Amoebic Dysentery and Its Homoeopathic Management, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India. Background: To study the clinical presentation of amoebic dysentery and to study the results of Homeopathic management and treatment of amoebic dysentery. To assess the influence of miasm in the case of Amoebic Dysentery. Methodology: Thirty out-patients with clinically confirmed symptomatic cases of amoebic dysentery were entered trial and treated with Homoeopathic remedies on the basis of Homoeopathic principles with fixed criteria to know the results of treatment as recovered, improved or not improved. For the present study he patients who visited on Sriganganagar Homoeopathic Medical College, Hospital and Research Center, Sri Ganganagar, Rajsthan, India and peripheral Out Patient Department were selected on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Result: Totally 30 patients were selected for this study. At the end of the study it was observed that, out of 30 patients, 24 patients recovered (80%), 5 case improved (16.66%) and1case is not improved (3.3%). with the help ofsuitable homoeopathic medicines. Conclusion: There were no side effects during the treatment and it can be concluded that Homoeopathic Medicines can be help the patient to take a new lease on life
Biological Efficacy of Quassia Indica (Geratn) Nooteb and Centella Asiatica (...IOSRJPBS
Antimicrobial activity of different extracts of two selected plants, Quassia indica (Geartn) Nooteb and Centella asiatica (L.) Urban were tested against selected strains of bacteria viz; Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas sps, Bacillus thuringiensis, Klebsiella sps and Serratia sps using agar disc diffusion technique. Petroleum ether, acetone, methanol and water extracts of seed and leaf of Q. indica and leaf of C. asiatica showed moderate to significant antimicrobial activity. Of the four extracts tested, petroleum ether and water fractions showed more activity against all the bacterial strains. The zone of inhibition of the active fractions for the petroleum ether ranged from 8.57 to 12.63 mm and 8.53 to 14.5mm for the water fraction of Q. indica seed and leaf and C. asiatica leaf; and exhibited comparable results with widely used commercial antimicrobial agents (16 to19 mm for Kanamycin and 14 to 17mm for Cefotaxime). The results prove the efficacy of the most active fractions of the selected plant extracts to be used for developing potent antimicrobial formulations.
Comparative Testing of Antibacterial Activity of Aqueous Extract of Bergenia ...IOSRJPBS
The aim of this research was to formulate a gel comprising of the both extracts of Bergenia ligulata rhizomes and Butea monosperma flowers that would aid in wound healing by exhibiting antibacterial activity at the site of wound infection if any. As per the literature survey conducted it was found that aqueous extract of Bergenia ligulata rhizomes and ethanolic extract of Butea monosperma flowers have good potential of antibacterial activity. Hence this antibacterial activity was studied with the help of agar well-diffusion assay method, against the micro-organisms-S. aureus, MRSA, Pr. vulgaris, and E.coli . Both these extracts were obtained through Soxhlet extraction process and this process was optimized to get maximum yield of extraction. By agar gel well- diffusion assay at the concentration of about 100µg/mL both the extracts exhibited maximum zone of inhibition. This concentration was helpful in deciding the dose for topical gel formulation.
Yield Performances of Pleurotus ostreatus on Different Growth Substrates as I...IOSRJPBS
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of some vegetables (Diplazium sammatii, Moringa oleifera, and Justicia insularis) as additives on the growth parameters of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivated on two substrates; banana leaves (BL) and banana leaves/sawdust (BL/SD). The substrates were amended with these vegetables at different concentration levels (0 g, 5 g, 10 g and 15 g). Spawn running was completed in 30, 35, and 40 days in banana leaves, banana leaves/sawdust and the control respectively. Parameters assessed included area of pileus, number of fruit bodies, fresh weight, dry weight, length of stipe and girth of stipe. Higher mean values for fresh weight (21.69 g), area of pileus (42.58 cm2 ), length of stipe (5.10 g) and girth of stipe (4.30 g) were obtained from BL substrate treated to 5 g M. oleifera leaf powder. These values were significantly different from values obtained for other plant additives. Considering the number of fruit bodiesthat emerged on BL/SD substrates, the control produced more fruit bodies than the substrates with additives. The best performance in BL/SD substrates was observed when the substrate was treated to 10 g J. insularis in some of the parameters assessed. These included fresh weight (20.64 g), number of fruit bodies (8.00) and stipe girth (3.44 cm).Other parameters like area of pileus (36.08 cm2 ) and dry weight (2.39 cm), control had a better performance. While for length of stipe, 15 g M. oleifera leaf powder had the highest mean value that was significantly different (P≤0.05) from what was observed in substrates amended with other additives. It is therefore evident that these vegetables have high potential for utilization as additives or supplements for growing of Pleurotus ostreatus especially when using BL as substrates. In addition, substratesadditive concentration combination played a significant role in selective organ growth of the test mushroom.
Dermatoglification Analysis for Selection and Training of Sports TalentsIOSRJPBS
: The term sports talent can be defined as the individual who, through his inherited and acquired conditions, has a special ability for sports performance, above the average of the general population. Fingerprints are genetic markers and can function as indicators of sporting talents. The objective of the present study was to use dermatoglyphics to identify the genetic-physical profile of soccer athletes. Twenty-four athletes belonging to the Palmeiras Sports Society Athletes' Capture Center participated in this study in the Nordeste sub-category category 16. The dermatoglyphic protocol of Cummins and Midlo (1961) was used. Standard fingerprint indices were calculated: the number of drawings for the 10 fingers and the delta index (D10). We also analyzed the types of digital formulas that indicate the representation in individuals of different types of drawings. Based on the classification of Fernandes (2002), the group presented somatofunctional classification for height, velocity and explosive strength, due to the delta index of 11.54. We conclude that dermatoglyphics can be a parameter to identify the potentiality of an individual and can be incorporated into a policy of selection and formation of sports talent.
Establishment of suspension cultures of Salvadora persica L. for benzyl isoth...IOSRJPBS
Successful scale-upof the anticancer benzyl isothiocyanate compound production was achieved from cell suspension cultures of Salvadora persica L. Cell cultures were established from the stem internodal segments derived callus. Elicitation with two biotic elicitors; chitosan and salicylic acid, increased callus biomass and benzyl isothiocyanate accumulation, but chitosan induced the maximum accumulation, which reached about four-fold higher over the control at the concentration of 100 mg/L. Benzyl isothiocyanate production from cell suspension cultures was studied in shake-flask culture and stirred-tank bioreactor with the application of the optimum concentration of chitosan in the medium. Both methods elevate the compound production; however its yield was higherin the stirred-tank bioreactor.It achieved about eight-fold increase in the production of benzyl isothiocyanate after 24 days of incubation. This protocol can act as a roadmap for large-scale production of benzyl isothiocyanate from cell suspension cultures ofSalvadora persica by using bioreactors
Antimicrobial Activity of Bauhinia Purpurea (L) by Minimum Inhibitory Concent...IOSRJPBS
MIC methods are widely used in the comparative testing of new agents, or when a more accurate result is required for clinical management. As there are no CLSI (formerly NCCLS) recommendations for the determination of MICs of varies bio-compounds against gram positive and gram negative organisms. The minimum inhibitory concentration is the lowest concentration (in μg/ml) of an antibiotic that inhibits the growth of a given strain of bacteria. In Diagnostic laboratories these MIC’S are used to confirm resistance and also most often used to determine antimicrobial invitro activity. In the present MIC method, one can get the information about Antibiotic agent, preparation of stock solutions, media and inoculation, conditions of incubation, ultimately reading and interpretation of results. The present study is focused to evaluate antibacterial activities of ethanolic extract and purified fractions of Bauhinia purpurea using a gram-positive and a gram-negative organisms Staphylococcus aureus , Klebsiella, E.coli and enterococcus
Evaluations of Some Biological Properties of Ethanolic Leave Extract of Costu...IOSRJPBS
Costus afer plant has been known to the traditionalist for a very long time. The locals having realized its medicinal potentials have employed it in a variety of ways. This study was designed to investigate the antimicrobial, biochemical and CNS depressant properties of ethanolic leave extract of Costus afer in albino mice and anti-inflammatory activity in albino rats. Ninety albino mice (22-29g) of both sexes were selected and divided into eighteen groups of five mice each. Four groups for analgesic activity, three groups for in-vivo clothing time, four groups for spontaneous locomotor activity, three groups for heamatological evaluation and four groups for phenobarbitone induced hypnosis. Twenty albino rats (180-200g) of both sexes were also selected and divided into four groups of five rats each and used for anti-inflammatory activity. In all, the control groups receive 0.2ml of normal saline while two dose groups of the extract was used 400 and 1200mg/kg representing low and high dose in the treatment group. Indomethacin, Phenobarbitone, Chropromazine, Indomethacine, Ciprofloxacin and Fluconazole were used as reference drug for anlagesic activity, locomotor activity, hypnosis, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antifungal test respectively. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of ethanolic leave extract of Costus afer was performed. The result of the qualitative phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, glycosides and terpenoids whereas anthraquinones, essential oil and phlobatannins were absent. The results obtained shows that ethanolic leave extract of Costus afer posses antibacterial activity but no antifungal activity. There was a dose dependent increase in analgesic, anti-inflammatory activities, bleeding/clotting time and CNS activity. The hematological evaluation of the leaves of costusafer shows that the extract has no noticeable effect on the HB, PCV, RBC, but decreases the WBC, platelet count, neutrophils and lymphocytes components of the blood, also the clotting/bleeding time was seen to increase dose dependently in the treated groups. In conclusion, ethanol extract of costus afer ker Gawl leaves possess antimicrobial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and CNS depressant activity.
Hepatoprotective and Antioxidant Effects of the Flavonoid-rich Fraction of th...IOSRJPBS
The leaves of Jatropha tanjorensis are edible and used in herbal medicine in the treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress. The present study demonstrates the antioxidative effect of the flavonoid-rich fraction of the methanol extract of Jatropha tanjorensis leaves (FRJT) against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties of FRJT were determined by serum biochemical enzymes; alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT and GPx), heamatological pararmeters (PCV, Hb and WBC) and histology study. The results obtained showed a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in the activities of liver marker enzymes across the pre-treated groups compared with the untreated rats. Assay of antioxidant enzymes showed that the extract significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced SOD and GPx activities whereas CAT activity was non-significantly (p ˃ 0.05) increased when compared with the untreated animals. PCV, Hb and WBC levels were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in the untreated group. However, supplementation with FRJT and Silymarin ameliorated the induced depletion of blood in the pre-treated animals. Histological examination of the liver tissue showed marked reduction in fatty degeneration across the pre-treated groups when compared with the untreated group. The results in this study indicate that FRJT exhibited varying levels of protection against CCl4-induced oxidative stress in rat models. These results also indicate that the flavonoid-rich fraction contains antioxidants, which mop up free radicals in the system and support its use in the treatment of diseases resulting from oxidative damage.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
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Evaluation of plasma Creatine Kinase activity and Inorganic phosphate among Sudanese patients with sickle cell disease in Khartoum and White Nile state
1. IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS)
e-ISSN:2278-3008, p-ISSN:2319-7676. Volume 12, Issue 1 Ver. II (Jan. - Feb.2017), PP 103-106
www.iosrjournals.org
DOI: 10.9790/3008-120102103106 www.iosrjournals.org 103 | Page
Evaluation of plasma Creatine Kinase activity and Inorganic
phosphate among Sudanese patients with sickle cell disease in
Khartoum and White Nile state
Elgaili A.K. Khowgali1
, Husham O. Elzein2
, NassrEldin M.A.Shrif 3
,
Amna O.M.Elzein3
*
1
Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Al Zaiem Al Azhari University –Sudan.
2
Faculty of medical laboratory science, University of science and technology, Omdurman, Sudan
3
Department of clinical chemistry, faculty of Medical laboratory Sciences, Al zaiem Al Azhari University-Sudan.
Abstract
Background: CK and phosphorus are helpful biomarker for detection of early renalabnormality particularlyCK
which has been shown to be abetter predicator of acute renal failure.
Objectives: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study.Conducted in Khartoum and White Nile state from March
to June 2016.The aim of this study to assess serum creatine kinase (CK) activity and inorganic phosphate
concentrations in Sudanese patients with sickle cell anemia. 80 subjects were enrolled in this study they were
classified into 40 with sickle cell disease (SCD) as casegroup and 40 healthy apparently as control group. CK
activity and phosphorus level was measured by using Spectrophotometry method.
Results: The results showed significantly higher Ck activity in patients with SCD when compared with control
group with (P = 0.021), and not significant differences in mean of serum phosphorus concentration in case
when compared with control with (P = 0.547). Also show serum CK activity in patients used hydroxyurea when
compare with the mean of patients not used hydroxyurea it is significantly decrease with (P= 0.006).
Conclusion: The studies conclude that Sickle cell disease is a predictor for high serum CK activity and low
serum concentration of inorganic phosphate.
I. Introduction
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited form of hemolytic anemia [1].About (5–7%)of the global
population carries an abnormal haemoglobin gene[2.3] .Highestprevalence of (SCD)occursinMiddle East,
Mediterranean regions, Southeast Asia, and subSaharanAfrica [4,5,6,7].In Sudan the first case was reported in
1950 [8],andconsidered as the major haemoglobinopathy seen Khartoum, the capital of Sudan.This may be due
to the migration of tribes from western Sudan as a result of drought and desertification in the 1970s and 1980s,
and the conflicts in Darfur in 2005. These tribes are with thehighest rate of (SCD)in Western Sudan particularly
Messeryia tribes in Darfur and Kordofan regions [9].(SCD) has so, various complications, including Vaso-
occlusive crisis (VOC), the hallmark of which is vascular occlusion and tissue ischemia which lead to organ
damage [10, 11].Patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) may suffer from renaldysfunction from early childhood
[12],usually; the renal medulla is not able to concentrate the urine due to episodesof ischemia affecting the area
[13].Creatine kinase (CK) is an enzyme with a molecular weight of approximately 82,000 [14],it has a various
isoforms. Serum levels of the muscle (MM) isoform have been found to be increased in conditions associated
with tissue hypoxia and muscle necrosis and considered as a better predictor of acute renal failure due to
rhabdomyolysis than creatinine and Urinary myoglobin[15,16].Inorganic phosphate is the measured fraction in
serum orplasma by clinical laboratories [17].It is found free in plasma, and actively re-absorbed by the renal
tubules so that serum concentrations are dependent on renal function, as a result high level of phosphate in the
blood is usually caused by a kidney problem [14, 18].Hydroxyurea (HU)is an effective therapy for adults with
sickle cell anemia;HU had a lower rate of painful events, acute chest syndrome, and need for transfusion
compared with patients taking placebo [19, 20].Several small studies have reported the short-term toxicity and
efficacy of HU for children with sickle cell anemia [21-24].
The aim of this study was to evaluate serum CK activity and serum inorganic phosphate levels in Sudanese
patients with sickle cell disease.
II. Materials And Method
Patients:
This is a Descriptive cross sectional study, was conducted at Fath El Rahman El Basheir hospital
Khartoum state -Sudan and Tandalti hospital White Nile state-Sudan. Approximately three months during the
period from March to June 2016. 40 Sudanese patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) were in rolled in this study
2. Evaluation of plasma Creatine Kinase activity and Inorganic phosphate among Sudanese patients
DOI: 10.9790/3008-120102103106 www.iosrjournals.org 104 | Page
as a test group, and 40 a consecutive healthy individual was taken as control for each case. Patient with renal
failure, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, were excluded from cases and controls.After signing an informed
consent the medical history was taken from each participant (cases and controls) using questionnaire. Then five
ml of venous blood was taken under septic condition from each group of the study, the sample allowed to clot,
centrifuged at (3000rpm) for 5 minutes.The determination of creatine kinase (CK), and phosphorus levelsdone
by using Quantitative spectrophotometric method.
Statistical analysis:
Data were entered into a computer using SPSS for windows (version 16.0). Significant differences
between two groups were used student (t) test. Data was presented as mean ± S.D. The results were expressed in
the form of tables, scatter. P value of <0.05 was consideredsignificant.
Ethics:
Ethical clearance was obtained from the research board at the Faculty of medical laboratory science, Alzaiem
Alazhari University.
III. Results
This study was conducted in Fath El Rahman El Basheir hospital, Khartoum state -Sudan and Tandalti
hospital White Nile state-Sudan.In order to evaluate CK, andPhosphorus level and its relationship with sickle
cell anemia,the study was include 80 individual,40 patients with sickle cell anemia and another 40 healthy
individual as control group. As in table (1) which compare the mean differences of CK in case
(255.2500±123.50122) and control group (203.5000±63.06244) with (P = 0.021). Also compare the mean
differences of Phosphorus in the case (5.080±1.3434) and control group (5.250±1.1671) with (P = 0.547) .In the
result showed in table (2) the mean differences of CK in male (222.1500±126.63137) and female of in
case(288.3500±113.86755 ) with (P = 0.090). Thecomparison of Phosphorus in male (4.970±1.0883) and female
of in case(5.190±1.5794), (P = 0.611).The result was found significantly lower CK level among users of
hydroxyurea (220.9643±105.29060) than non-users (335.2500±129.96862) (P = 0.006) as in Table (3).There
were no significant differences of Phosphorus among users of hydroxyurea (5.325±.9493) and non-users was
(4.508±1.9174, (P = 0.078),as in table (3). Scatter (1, and 2) showed no correlation between Ck,Phosphorusand
age withR-value= +280 and (P = 0.080), and(R-value= -.319) and (P = 0.045) respectively.
Table (1) Comparison the mean differences of CK and Phosphorus among case and control group.
Case Control P value
CK U/L 255.2500±123.50122 203.5000±63.06244 0.021
Phosphorus mg/dl 5.080±1.3434 5.250±1.1671 0.547
t-test was used to calculate P value
P value less than 0.05 considered significant
Mean± Std. Deviation
Table (2) comparison the mean differences of CK and Phosphorus among male and female of in case.
Study group Mean± Std. Deviation P value
Case CK U/L Male 222.1500±126.63137 .090
Female 288.3500±113.86755
Phosphorus mg/dl Male 4.970±1.0883 .611
Female 5.190±1.5794
t-test was used to calculate P value
P value less than 0.05 considered significant
Table (3) Comparison the mean differences of CK and Phosphorus among users and non-users of hydroxyurea
in case group.
Use Not use P value
CK U/L 220.9643±105.29060 335.2500±129.96862 0.006
Phosphorus mg/dl 5.325±.9493 4.508±1.9174 0.078
t-test was used to calculate P value
P value less than 0.05 considered significant
Mean± Std. Deviation
3. Evaluation of plasma Creatine Kinase activity and Inorganic phosphate among Sudanese patients
DOI: 10.9790/3008-120102103106 www.iosrjournals.org 105 | Page
Scatter (1): Correlation of age and CK in case group.
R-value = 0.280
P- Value = 0.080
Scatter (2): Correlation of age and phosphorus in case group
R-value = - 0.319
P- Value = 0.045
IV. Discussion
The current study showed the mean of serum CK was significantly higher (P = 0.021)in patients with
SCD than control group (table -1). This finding agree with previous study conducted by Nnadi et al [25].The
mean of serum phosphorus concentration showed a non-significant decrease (P = 0.547) when compared with
the control group(table -2), this agree with the previous study of Al harbi et al [27], Nnadi et al [25],and this is
in contrast with the study conducted by Oladipo et al[26],who reported high level in adult and children .The
study showed no significant difference in mean serum Ck level in male when compared to female with (P =
0.090), also there is no significant difference in mean serum phosphorus in male when compared to female (P =
4. Evaluation of plasma Creatine Kinase activity and Inorganic phosphate among Sudanese patients
DOI: 10.9790/3008-120102103106 www.iosrjournals.org 106 | Page
0.611).The study also revealed significantly decrease in serum CK (P = 0.006) in patients used hydroxyurea
when compare with the patients not used hydroxyurea. While serum phosphorus showed no significant
difference (P = 0.078) between the patients used hydroxyurea and not used hydroxyurea. There is no correlation
between Ck and age with (R-value +0.280 and (P = 0.080) also there is no correlation between phosphorus and
age with (R-value - 0.319).
V. Conclusion
From the current study the sickle cell disease is a significant predictor of higher CK activity, while it is
not significant predictor in serum concentration of inorganic phosphate.Monitoring of serum CK activity is
advocated to enable early detection of rhabdomyolysis, a complication which may lead to renal damage, and
eventually renal failure.
Acknowledgement
Authors would like to thank the patients from Khartoum and White Nile state who were involved in the study.
Fund: None of the authors received any fund.
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