The European Union was formally established in 1993 by the Maastricht Treaty, which created the EU and established many of its foundational policies and institutions. The EU grew out of earlier economic and political cooperation between European countries after World War 2. By 1995, Austria, Finland and Sweden had joined the newly established EU, bringing the total member states to 15. The Maastricht Treaty laid the groundwork for further economic integration of the EU and defined the concept of European citizenship.

2. The European Union (EU) is an economic and political union of 27 member states
that are located primarily in Europe. The EU operates through a system of
supranational independent institutions and intergovernmental negotiated decisions
by the member states. Institutions of the EU include the European Commission, the
Council of the European Union, the European Council, the Court of Justice of the
European Union, the European Central Bank, the Court of Auditors, and the
European Parliament. The European Parliament is elected every five years by EU
citizens. The EU's capital is Brussels.

3. In 1990, after the fall of the Iron Curtain, the former East
Germany became part of the Community as part of a newly
united Germany. With enlargement towards European formerly
communist countries as well as Cyprus and Malta on the
agenda, the Copenhagen criteria for candidate members to join
the European Union were agreed.
The European Union was formally established when the
Maastricht Treaty—whose main architects were Helmut Kohl and
François Mitterrand—came into force on 1 November 1993, and
in 1995 Austria, Finland and Sweden joined the newly
established EU

5. The Single European Act had the mission ofrevitalize the European
construction, setting the consolidation of the internal market in 1993 and also
allowing the free movement of capital and services. By this treaty, the
Community's powers are extended to the domains of research and
technological development, environment and social policy. The Single Act also
establishes the existence of the European Council, which brings together the
heads of state and government and promotes a common initiative in foreign
policy (European Political Cooperation) and a cooperation seguridad.
The Maastricht Treaty signed in February 1992, entered into force in 1993.6
Under the agreement, the European Union continues the common market and
the EEC, transformed into European Community, marks a new step in the
bonding process. The treaty establishing the European citizenship and lets
move and reside freely in the countries of the community as well as the right to
vote and be elected in a state of residence for the European elections or
municipal

6. January
1
Ireland takes over the Presidency of the Council of the European Communities.
9
Aldo Angioi is elected President of the Court of Auditors.
February
21
The Commission held its meeting thousandth.
March
7
Judgment in GB-Inno-BM. The Court held that national legislation which denies access to any
advertising that is authorized in the country of purchase, is contrary to the principle of free
movement of goods.
April
2
The European Community and Argentina sign a framework agreement on trade and economic
cooperation.
28
Held in Dublin, Ireland, an extraordinary European Council. It agrees on a common approach
to German unification and Community relations with the countries of Central and Eastern
Europe.

7. May
7
The Board determines the creation of the European Training Foundation
and adopts a regulation on the establishment of a European Environment
Agency.
9
40th anniversary of the declaration of Robert Schuman.
22
The Court finds that the European Parliament can be brought before the
Court by other institutions and other institutions that may be brought before
the Court by the European Parliament if it is put into question the
institutional balance. These principles will be included later in the Maastricht
Treaty.
29
Is signed in Paris, France, the Agreement establishing the European Bank
for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) to provide financial
assistance to the countries of Central and Eastern Europe.

8. June
6
The European Commission presented a Green Paper on the Urban Environment.
19
The Benelux countries, France and Germany sign the Schengen Agreement for the elimination of border
controls.
20
The European Economic Community and EFTA start formal negotiations for the creation of the European
Economic Area (EEA).
25-26
It meets in Dublin, Ireland, the European Council. It confirms the need to hold parallel two Intergovernmental
Conferences, one on Economic and Monetary Union and the other on the aspects of political union.
July
1
Italy takes over the Presidency of the Council of the European Communities. Takes effect the first stage of
Economic and Monetary Union (EMU). Is granted a derogation to four Member States (Spain, Portugal, Greece
and Ireland) because of their insufficient progress towards financial integration.
3
Cyprus formally applies to join the European Communities.
16
Malta formally applies to join the European Communities.

9. October
3
With the unification of Germany, the territories of the former German Democratic
Republic became part of the EU.
27-28
Is held in Rome, Italy, an extraordinary European Council. It finalizes the
preparation of the two Intergovernmental Conferences, one on Economic and
Monetary Union and the other on the aspects of political union.
November
19-21
A meeting is held in Paris, France. Thirty-four heads of state and government of
the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) signed a Charter
for a New Europe.
27
Italy signed the Schengen Agreement.

10. December
2
Are held in the Federal Republic of Germany elections.
4
The European Council adopted the transitional measures agreed under the
German reunification.
12
It held elections in Denmark.
14/15
Meets in Rome, Italy, the European Council. It started two Intergovernmental
Conferences, one on Economic and Monetary Union and the other on political
union.

11. http://europa.eu/about-
eu/eu-history/1990-
1999/1999/index_es.htm

12. Thanks for your attention, I
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