Spain is a Moderate Innovator, but its innovation performance has declined since 2013 and its gap with the EU has increased over time. For most indicators, Spain performs below the EU average, with the weakest being License and patent revenues from abroad. Performance has improved most in Human resources.

1. 55
European Innovation Scoreboard 2016
Spain is a Moderate Innovator. Innovation performance improved
steadily until 2013, after which the innovation index has declined. In
2015, performance is at a significantly lower level compared to 2008.
Spain’s gap with the EU has increased over time. In 2008, the relative
performance level was at its highest at 77%, whereas in 2015 it has
decreased to 69%.
For most indicators, Spain is performing below the EU average.
Performance in Open, excellent and attractive research systems
is close to the average performance of the EU, mainly because of
strong relative performance in International scientific co-publications. In
relative terms, the weakest indicator is License and patent revenues
from abroad.
Performance has improved most in the dimension of Human resources
(3.8%). The indicator that has improved most is License and patent
revenues from abroad (13%), and Venture capital investments (-11%)
has declined most.
Provisional CIS 2014 data show improved performance for five indicators
and worsened performance for one indicator. The overall impact on
the innovation index is expected to be positive with the index possibly
increasing from 0.361 to 0.372 assuming that for the other indicators
performance would not change.
Note: Performance relative to the EU where the EU = 100.
Spain

2. Regional Innovation Scoreboard 2016
Galicia (ES11)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Tertiary education attainment
Public R&D expenditures
Business R&D expenditures
0.000
0.050
0.100
0.150
0.200
0.250
0.300
0.350
0.400
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Non-R&D innovation expenditures (SMEs)
SMEs innovating in-house
Innovative SMEs collaborating
0.350
0.400
Galicia is a Moderate Innovator. Innovation
performance has declined (-10%) compared to
two years ago.
The radar graph shows that relative strengths
compared to the EU28 are in Tertiary education
attainment, Sales due to new product
innovations, and Exports of medium and high
tech products.
The trend graphs on the right show that relative
strengths in the regional innovation system (i.e.
the indicators which are most above the shaded
area showing the region's Regional Innovation
Index) are Tertiary education attainment, Exports
of medium and high tech products, and
Employment in knowledge-intensive industries.
Relative weaknesses are in SMEs with marketing
or organizational innovations, Non-R&D
innovation expenditures, and Public R&D
expenditures.
70
72
74
0.295
0.300
0.305
0.000
0.050
0.100
0.150
0.200
0.250
0.300
0.350
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
EPO patent applications
SMEs with product/process innovations
SMEs with marketing/organizational innovations
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
0.800
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Medium/high tech exports
Knowledge-intensive employment
Sales new product innovations (SMEs)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
Tertiary education
Public R&D
Business R&D
Non-R&D
innovation
SMEs inn. in-house
SMEs collaborating
EPO patents
Product process
innovators
Marketing organis.
innovators
Medium/high tech
exports
Knowledge-
intensive empl.
Innovative sales
Galicia (ES11) EU28
60
62
64
66
68
70
0.255
0.260
0.265
0.270
0.275
0.280
0.285
0.290
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Innovation index (left axis)
Relative to EU28 (right axis)

3. Regional Innovation Scoreboard 2016
Principado de Asturias (ES12)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
0.800
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Tertiary education attainment
Public R&D expenditures
Business R&D expenditures
0.000
0.050
0.100
0.150
0.200
0.250
0.300
0.350
0.400
0.450
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Non-R&D innovation expenditures (SMEs)
SMEs innovating in-house
Innovative SMEs collaborating
0.600
Principado de Asturias is a Moderate Innovator.
Innovation performance has remained at almost
the same level (-1%) as two years ago.
The radar graph shows that relative strengths
compared to the EU28 are in Sales due to new
product innovations, Tertiary education
attainment, and Exports of medium and high
tech products.
The trend graphs on the right show that relative
strengths in the regional innovation system (i.e.
the indicators which are most above the shaded
area showing the region's Regional Innovation
Index) are Sales due to new product innovations,
Tertiary education attainment, and Exports of
medium and high tech products. Relative
weaknesses are in Non-R&D innovation
expenditures, SMEs with marketing or
organizational innovations, and Public R&D
expenditures.
70
72
74
0.290
0.300
0.310
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
EPO patent applications
SMEs with product/process innovations
SMEs with marketing/organizational innovations
0.000
0.200
0.400
0.600
0.800
1.000
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Medium/high tech exports
Knowledge-intensive employment
Sales new product innovations (SMEs)
0.000
0.200
0.400
0.600
0.800
1.000
Tertiary education
Public R&D
Business R&D
Non-R&D
innovation
SMEs inn. in-house
SMEs collaborating
EPO patents
Product process
innovators
Marketing organis.
innovators
Medium/high tech
exports
Knowledge-
intensive empl.
Innovative sales
Principado de Asturias (ES12) EU28
60
62
64
66
68
70
0.240
0.250
0.260
0.270
0.280
0.290
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Innovation index (left axis)
Relative to EU28 (right axis)

4. Regional Innovation Scoreboard 2016
Cantabria (ES13)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Tertiary education attainment
Public R&D expenditures
Business R&D expenditures
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Non-R&D innovation expenditures (SMEs)
SMEs innovating in-house
Innovative SMEs collaborating
0.500
Cantabria is a Moderate Innovator. Innovation
performance has declined strongly (-14%)
compared to two years ago.
The radar graph shows that relative strengths
compared to the EU28 are in Tertiary education
attainment, Exports of medium and high tech
products, and Public R&D expenditures.
The trend graphs on the right show that relative
strengths in the regional innovation system (i.e.
the indicators which are most above the shaded
area showing the region's Regional Innovation
Index) are Exports of medium and high tech
products, Tertiary education attainment, and
Employment in knowledge-intensive industries.
Relative weaknesses are in SMEs with marketing
or organizational innovations, Non-R&D
innovation expenditures, and EPO patent
applications.
74
76
78
0.310
0.320
0.330
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
EPO patent applications
SMEs with product/process innovations
SMEs with marketing/organizational innovations
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
0.800
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Medium/high tech exports
Knowledge-intensive employment
Sales new product innovations (SMEs)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
Tertiary education
Public R&D
Business R&D
Non-R&D
innovation
SMEs inn. in-house
SMEs collaborating
EPO patents
Product process
innovators
Marketing organis.
innovators
Medium/high tech
exports
Knowledge-
intensive empl.
Innovative sales
Cantabria (ES13) EU28
60
62
64
66
68
70
72
74
0.250
0.260
0.270
0.280
0.290
0.300
0.310
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Innovation index (left axis)
Relative to EU28 (right axis)

5. Regional Innovation Scoreboard 2016
País Vasco (ES21)
0.000
0.200
0.400
0.600
0.800
1.000
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Tertiary education attainment
Public R&D expenditures
Business R&D expenditures
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Non-R&D innovation expenditures (SMEs)
SMEs innovating in-house
Innovative SMEs collaborating
0.600
País Vasco is a Strong Innovator. Innovation
performance has declined (-6%) compared to
two years ago.
The radar graph shows that relative strengths
compared to the EU28 are in Tertiary education
attainment, Innovative SMEs collaborating with
others, and Employment in knowledge-intensive
industries.
The trend graphs on the right show that relative
strengths in the regional innovation system (i.e.
the indicators which are most above the shaded
area showing the region's Regional Innovation
Index) are Tertiary education attainment,
Employment in knowledge-intensive industries,
and Exports of medium and high tech products.
Relative weaknesses are in Non-R&D innovation
expenditures, Public R&D expenditures, and SMEs
with marketing or organizational innovations.
96
97
98
0.405
0.410
0.415
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
EPO patent applications
SMEs with product/process innovations
SMEs with marketing/organizational innovations
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
0.800
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Medium/high tech exports
Knowledge-intensive employment
Sales new product innovations (SMEs)
0.000
0.200
0.400
0.600
0.800
Tertiary education
Public R&D
Business R&D
Non-R&D
innovation
SMEs inn. in-house
SMEs collaborating
EPO patents
Product process
innovators
Marketing organis.
innovators
Medium/high tech
exports
Knowledge-
intensive empl.
Innovative sales
País Vasco (ES21) EU28
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
0.365
0.370
0.375
0.380
0.385
0.390
0.395
0.400
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Innovation index (left axis)
Relative to EU28 (right axis)

6. Regional Innovation Scoreboard 2016
Comunidad Foral de Navarra (ES22)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
0.800
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Tertiary education attainment
Public R&D expenditures
Business R&D expenditures
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Non-R&D innovation expenditures (SMEs)
SMEs innovating in-house
Innovative SMEs collaborating
0.600
0.700
Comunidad Foral de Navarra is a Moderate
Innovator. Innovation performance has declined
strongly (-22%) compared to two years ago.
The radar graph shows that relative strengths
compared to the EU28 are in Tertiary education
attainment, Employment in knowledge-intensive
industries and Business R&D expenditures.
The trend graphs on the right show that relative
strengths in the regional innovation system (i.e.
the indicators which are most above the shaded
area showing the region's Regional Innovation
Index) are Exports of medium and high tech
products, Tertiary education attainment, and
Employment in knowledge-intensive industries.
Relative weaknesses are in Non-R&D innovation
expenditures, SMEs with marketing or
organizational innovations, and Public R&D
expenditures.
100
120
0.400
0.450
0.500
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
EPO patent applications
SMEs with product/process innovations
SMEs with marketing/organizational innovations
0.000
0.200
0.400
0.600
0.800
1.000
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Medium/high tech exports
Knowledge-intensive employment
Sales new product innovations (SMEs)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
Tertiary education
Public R&D
Business R&D
Non-R&D
innovation
SMEs inn. in-house
SMEs collaborating
EPO patents
Product process
innovators
Marketing organis.
innovators
Medium/high tech
exports
Knowledge-
intensive empl.
Innovative sales
Comunidad Foral de Navarra (ES22)
EU28
0
20
40
60
80
0.000
0.050
0.100
0.150
0.200
0.250
0.300
0.350
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Innovation index (left axis)
Relative to EU28 (right axis)

7. Regional Innovation Scoreboard 2016
La Rioja (ES23)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Tertiary education attainment
Public R&D expenditures
Business R&D expenditures
0.000
0.050
0.100
0.150
0.200
0.250
0.300
0.350
0.400
0.450
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Non-R&D innovation expenditures (SMEs)
SMEs innovating in-house
Innovative SMEs collaborating
0.600
La Rioja is a Moderate Innovator. Innovation
performance has declined (-9%) compared to
two years ago.
The radar graph shows that relative strengths
compared to the EU28 are in Tertiary education
attainment, Sales due to new product
innovations, SMEs with product or process
innovations.
The trend graphs on the right show that relative
strengths in the regional innovation system (i.e.
the indicators which are most above the shaded
area showing the region's Regional Innovation
Index) are Tertiary education attainment, SMEs
with product or process innovations, and SMEs
innovating in-house. Relative weaknesses are in
Non-R&D innovation expenditures, EPO patent
applications, and Public R&D expenditures.
72
74
76
0.250
0.300
0.350
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
EPO patent applications
SMEs with product/process innovations
SMEs with marketing/organizational innovations
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Medium/high tech exports
Knowledge-intensive employment
Sales new product innovations (SMEs)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
Tertiary education
Public R&D
Business R&D
Non-R&D
innovation
SMEs inn. in-house
SMEs collaborating
EPO patents
Product process
innovators
Marketing organis.
innovators
Medium/high tech
exports
Knowledge-
intensive empl.
Innovative sales
La Rioja (ES23) EU28
56
58
60
62
64
66
68
70
0.000
0.050
0.100
0.150
0.200
0.250
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Innovation index (left axis)
Relative to EU28 (right axis)

8. Regional Innovation Scoreboard 2016
Aragón (ES24)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Tertiary education attainment
Public R&D expenditures
Business R&D expenditures
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Non-R&D innovation expenditures (SMEs)
SMEs innovating in-house
Innovative SMEs collaborating
0.500
0.600
Aragón is a Moderate Innovator. Innovation
performance has declined strongly (-10%)
compared to two years ago.
The radar graph shows that relative strengths
compared to the EU28 are in Tertiary education
attainment, Sales due to new product
innovations, and Exports of medium and high
tech products.
The trend graphs on the right show that relative
strengths in the regional innovation system (i.e.
the indicators which are most above the shaded
area showing the region's Regional Innovation
Index) are Exports of medium and high tech
products, Tertiary education attainment, and
Employment in knowledge-intensive industries.
Relative weaknesses are in Non-R&D innovation
expenditures, Public R&D expenditures, and SMEs
with marketing or organizational innovations.
84
86
88
0.350
0.360
0.370
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
EPO patent applications
SMEs with product/process innovations
SMEs with marketing/organizational innovations
0.000
0.200
0.400
0.600
0.800
1.000
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Medium/high tech exports
Knowledge-intensive employment
Sales new product innovations (SMEs)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
Tertiary education
Public R&D
Business R&D
Non-R&D
innovation
SMEs inn. in-house
SMEs collaborating
EPO patents
Product process
innovators
Marketing organis.
innovators
Medium/high tech
exports
Knowledge-
intensive empl.
Innovative sales
Aragón (ES24) EU28
74
76
78
80
82
84
0.300
0.310
0.320
0.330
0.340
0.350
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Innovation index (left axis)
Relative to EU28 (right axis)

9. Regional Innovation Scoreboard 2016
Comunidad de Madrid (ES30)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
0.800
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Tertiary education attainment
Public R&D expenditures
Business R&D expenditures
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Non-R&D innovation expenditures (SMEs)
SMEs innovating in-house
Innovative SMEs collaborating
0.600
Comunidad de Madrid is a Moderate Innovator.
Innovation performance has declined strongly (-
11%) compared to two years ago.
The radar graph shows that relative strengths
compared to the EU28 are in Tertiary education
attainment, Employment in knowledge-intensive
industries, and Exports of medium and high tech
products.
The trend graphs on the right show that relative
strengths in the regional innovation system (i.e.
the indicators which are most above the shaded
area showing the region's Regional Innovation
Index) are Tertiary education attainment,
Employment in knowledge-intensive industries,
and Exports of medium and high tech products.
Relative weaknesses are in Non-R&D innovation
expenditures, SMEs with marketing or
organizational innovations, and Innovative SMEs
collaborating with others.
86
88
90
0.370
0.380
0.390
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
EPO patent applications
SMEs with product/process innovations
SMEs with marketing/organizational innovations
0.000
0.200
0.400
0.600
0.800
1.000
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Medium/high tech exports
Knowledge-intensive employment
Sales new product innovations (SMEs)
0.000
0.200
0.400
0.600
0.800
Tertiary education
Public R&D
Business R&D
Non-R&D
innovation
SMEs inn. in-house
SMEs collaborating
EPO patents
Product process
innovators
Marketing organis.
innovators
Medium/high tech
exports
Knowledge-
intensive empl.
Innovative sales
Comunidad de Madrid (ES30) EU28
76
78
80
82
84
86
0.310
0.320
0.330
0.340
0.350
0.360
0.370
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Innovation index (left axis)
Relative to EU28 (right axis)

10. Regional Innovation Scoreboard 2016
Castilla y León (ES41)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Tertiary education attainment
Public R&D expenditures
Business R&D expenditures
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Non-R&D innovation expenditures (SMEs)
SMEs innovating in-house
Innovative SMEs collaborating
0.500
Castilla y León is a Moderate Innovator.
Innovation performance has declined strongly (-
18%) compared to two years ago.
The radar graph shows that relative strengths
compared to the EU28 are in Tertiary education
attainment, Exports of medium and high tech
products, and Sales due to new product
innovations.
The trend graphs on the right show that relative
strengths in the regional innovation system (i.e.
the indicators which are most above the shaded
area showing the region's Regional Innovation
Index) are Tertiary education attainment, Exports
of medium and high tech products, and Business
R&D expenditures. Relative weaknesses are in
EPO patent applications, SMEs with marketing or
organizational innovations, and Non-R&D
innovation expenditures.
60
70
80
0.250
0.300
0.350
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
EPO patent applications
SMEs with product/process innovations
SMEs with marketing/organizational innovations
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
0.800
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Medium/high tech exports
Knowledge-intensive employment
Sales new product innovations (SMEs)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
Tertiary education
Public R&D
Business R&D
Non-R&D
innovation
SMEs inn. in-house
SMEs collaborating
EPO patents
Product process
innovators
Marketing organis.
innovators
Medium/high tech
exports
Knowledge-
intensive empl.
Innovative sales
Castilla y León (ES41) EU28
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0.000
0.050
0.100
0.150
0.200
0.250
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Innovation index (left axis)
Relative to EU28 (right axis)

11. Regional Innovation Scoreboard 2016
Castilla-la Mancha (ES42)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Tertiary education attainment
Public R&D expenditures
Business R&D expenditures
0.000
0.050
0.100
0.150
0.200
0.250
0.300
0.350
0.400
0.450
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Non-R&D innovation expenditures (SMEs)
SMEs innovating in-house
Innovative SMEs collaborating
0.500
Castilla-la Mancha is a Moderate Innovator.
Innovation performance has declined strongly (-
12%) compared to two years ago.
The radar graph shows that relative strengths
compared to the EU28 are in Sales due to new
product innovations, Tertiary education
attainment, and SMEs with product or process
innovations.
The trend graphs on the right show that relative
strengths in the regional innovation system (i.e.
the indicators which are most above the shaded
area showing the region's Regional Innovation
Index) are Tertiary education attainment, Exports
of medium and high tech products, and Sales
due to new product innovations. Relative
weaknesses are in Public R&D expenditures, EPO
patent applications, and Non-R&D innovation
expenditures.
57
58
59
60
0.240
0.245
0.250
0.255
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
EPO patent applications
SMEs with product/process innovations
SMEs with marketing/organizational innovations
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Medium/high tech exports
Knowledge-intensive employment
Sales new product innovations (SMEs)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
Tertiary education
Public R&D
Business R&D
Non-R&D
innovation
SMEs inn. in-house
SMEs collaborating
EPO patents
Product process
innovators
Marketing organis.
innovators
Medium/high tech
exports
Knowledge-
intensive empl.
Innovative sales
Castilla-la Mancha (ES42) EU28
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
0.200
0.205
0.210
0.215
0.220
0.225
0.230
0.235
0.240
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Innovation index (left axis)
Relative to EU28 (right axis)

12. Regional Innovation Scoreboard 2016
Extremadura (ES43)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Tertiary education attainment
Public R&D expenditures
Business R&D expenditures
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Non-R&D innovation expenditures (SMEs)
SMEs innovating in-house
Innovative SMEs collaborating
0.350
0.400
Extremadura is a Moderate Innovator. Innovation
performance has declined strongly (-12%)
compared to two years ago.
The radar graph shows that relative strengths
compared to the EU28 are in Tertiary education
attainment, Public R&D expenditures, and Non-
R&D innovation expenditures.
The trend graphs on the right show that relative
strengths in the regional innovation system (i.e.
the indicators which are most above the shaded
area showing the region's Regional Innovation
Index) are Tertiary education attainment, Exports
of medium and high tech products, and Public
R&D expenditures. Relative weaknesses are in
EPO patent applications, SMEs with marketing or
organizational innovations, and Employment in
knowledge-intensive industries.
50
52
0.205
0.210
0.215
0.000
0.050
0.100
0.150
0.200
0.250
0.300
0.350
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
EPO patent applications
SMEs with product/process innovations
SMEs with marketing/organizational innovations
0.000
0.050
0.100
0.150
0.200
0.250
0.300
0.350
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Medium/high tech exports
Knowledge-intensive employment
Sales new product innovations (SMEs)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
Tertiary education
Public R&D
Business R&D
Non-R&D
innovation
SMEs inn. in-house
SMEs collaborating
EPO patents
Product process
innovators
Marketing organis.
innovators
Medium/high tech
exports
Knowledge-
intensive empl.
Innovative sales
Extremadura (ES43) EU28
40
42
44
46
48
0.170
0.175
0.180
0.185
0.190
0.195
0.200
0.205
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Innovation index (left axis)
Relative to EU28 (right axis)

13. Regional Innovation Scoreboard 2016
Cataluña (ES51)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Tertiary education attainment
Public R&D expenditures
Business R&D expenditures
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Non-R&D innovation expenditures (SMEs)
SMEs innovating in-house
Innovative SMEs collaborating
0.600
Cataluña is a Moderate Innovator. Innovation
performance has declined (-7%) compared to
two years ago.
The radar graph shows that relative strengths
compared to the EU28 are in Tertiary education
attainment, Employment in knowledge-intensive
industries, and Exports of medium and high tech
products.
The trend graphs on the right show that relative
strengths in the regional innovation system (i.e.
the indicators which are most above the shaded
area showing the region's Regional Innovation
Index) are Exports of medium and high tech
products, Tertiary education attainment, and
Employment in knowledge-intensive industries.
Relative weaknesses are in Non-R&D innovation
expenditures, Innovative SMEs collaborating with
others, and SMEs with marketing or
organizational innovations.
88
90
92
0.365
0.370
0.375
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
EPO patent applications
SMEs with product/process innovations
SMEs with marketing/organizational innovations
0.000
0.200
0.400
0.600
0.800
1.000
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Medium/high tech exports
Knowledge-intensive employment
Sales new product innovations (SMEs)
0.000
0.200
0.400
0.600
0.800
Tertiary education
Public R&D
Business R&D
Non-R&D
innovation
SMEs inn. in-house
SMEs collaborating
EPO patents
Product process
innovators
Marketing organis.
innovators
Medium/high tech
exports
Knowledge-
intensive empl.
Innovative sales
Cataluña (ES51) EU28
78
80
82
84
86
88
0.325
0.330
0.335
0.340
0.345
0.350
0.355
0.360
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Innovation index (left axis)
Relative to EU28 (right axis)

14. Regional Innovation Scoreboard 2016
Comunidad Valenciana (ES52)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Tertiary education attainment
Public R&D expenditures
Business R&D expenditures
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Non-R&D innovation expenditures (SMEs)
SMEs innovating in-house
Innovative SMEs collaborating
0.500
Comunidad Valenciana is a Moderate Innovator.
Innovation performance has declined (-5%)
compared to two years ago.
The radar graph shows that relative strengths
compared to the EU28 are in Sales due to new
product innovations, Tertiary education
attainment, and Public R&D expenditures.
The trend graphs on the right show that relative
strengths in the regional innovation system (i.e.
the indicators which are most above the shaded
area showing the region's Regional Innovation
Index) are Tertiary education attainment, Sales
due to new product innovations, and Exports of
medium and high tech products. Relative
weaknesses are in Non-R&D innovation
expenditures, SMEs with marketing or
organizational innovations, and Innovative SMEs
collaborating with others.
70
72
74
0.285
0.290
0.295
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
EPO patent applications
SMEs with product/process innovations
SMEs with marketing/organizational innovations
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Medium/high tech exports
Knowledge-intensive employment
Sales new product innovations (SMEs)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
Tertiary education
Public R&D
Business R&D
Non-R&D
innovation
SMEs inn. in-house
SMEs collaborating
EPO patents
Product process
innovators
Marketing organis.
innovators
Medium/high tech
exports
Knowledge-
intensive empl.
Innovative sales
Comunidad Valenciana (ES52) EU28
60
62
64
66
68
70
0.255
0.260
0.265
0.270
0.275
0.280
0.285
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Innovation index (left axis)
Relative to EU28 (right axis)

15. Regional Innovation Scoreboard 2016
Illes Balears (ES53)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Tertiary education attainment
Public R&D expenditures
Business R&D expenditures
0.000
0.050
0.100
0.150
0.200
0.250
0.300
0.350
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Non-R&D innovation expenditures (SMEs)
SMEs innovating in-house
Innovative SMEs collaborating
0.500
Illes Balears is a Modest Innovator. Innovation
performance has improved (+1%) compared to
two years ago.
The radar graph shows that relative strengths
compared to the EU28 are in Sales due to new
product innovations, Tertiary education
attainment, and Exports of medium and high
tech products.
The trend graphs on the right show that relative
strengths in the regional innovation system (i.e.
the indicators which are most above the shaded
area showing the region's Regional Innovation
Index) are Exports of medium and high tech
producst, Tertiary education attainment, and
Sales due to new product innovations. Relative
weaknesses are in Business R&D expenditures,
Innovative SMEs collaborating with others, and
SMEs innovating in-house.
50
60
0.210
0.220
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
EPO patent applications
SMEs with product/process innovations
SMEs with marketing/organizational innovations
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Medium/high tech exports
Knowledge-intensive employment
Sales new product innovations (SMEs)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
Tertiary education
Public R&D
Business R&D
Non-R&D
innovation
SMEs inn. in-house
SMEs collaborating
EPO patents
Product process
innovators
Marketing organis.
innovators
Medium/high tech
exports
Knowledge-
intensive empl.
Innovative sales
Illes Balears (ES53) EU28
0
10
20
30
40
0.160
0.170
0.180
0.190
0.200
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Innovation index (left axis)
Relative to EU28 (right axis)

16. Regional Innovation Scoreboard 2016
Andalucía (ES61)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Tertiary education attainment
Public R&D expenditures
Business R&D expenditures
0.000
0.050
0.100
0.150
0.200
0.250
0.300
0.350
0.400
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Non-R&D innovation expenditures (SMEs)
SMEs innovating in-house
Innovative SMEs collaborating
0.500
Andalucía is a Moderate Innovator. Innovation
performance has declined (-8%) compared to
two years ago.
The radar graph shows that relative strengths
compared to the EU28 are in Sales due to new
product innovations, Public R&D expenditures,
and Tertiary education attainment.
The trend graphs on the right show that relative
strengths in the regional innovation system (i.e.
the indicators which are most above the shaded
area showing the region's Regional Innovation
Index) are Exports of medium and high tech
products, Tertiary education attainment, and
Sales due to new product innovations. Relative
weaknesses are in EPO patent applications,
Innovative SMEs collaborating with others, and
Non-R&D innovation expenditures.
61
62
63
64
0.250
0.255
0.260
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
EPO patent applications
SMEs with product/process innovations
SMEs with marketing/organizational innovations
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Medium/high tech exports
Knowledge-intensive employment
Sales new product innovations (SMEs)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
Tertiary education
Public R&D
Business R&D
Non-R&D
innovation
SMEs inn. in-house
SMEs collaborating
EPO patents
Product process
innovators
Marketing organis.
innovators
Medium/high tech
exports
Knowledge-
intensive empl.
Innovative sales
Andalucía (ES61) EU28
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
0.225
0.230
0.235
0.240
0.245
0.250
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Innovation index (left axis)
Relative to EU28 (right axis)

17. Regional Innovation Scoreboard 2016
Región de Murcia (ES62)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Tertiary education attainment
Public R&D expenditures
Business R&D expenditures
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Non-R&D innovation expenditures (SMEs)
SMEs innovating in-house
Innovative SMEs collaborating
0.700
Región de Murcia is a Moderate Innovator.
Innovation performance has declined strongly (-
15%) compared to two years ago.
The radar graph shows that relative strengths
compared to the EU28 are in Sales due to new
product innovations, Public R&D expenditures,
and Tertiary education attainment.
The trend graphs on the right show that relative
strengths in the regional innovation system (i.e.
the indicators which are most above the shaded
area showing the region's Regional Innovation
Index) are Exports of medium and high tech
products, Tertiary education attainment, and
Sales due to new product innovations. Relative
weaknesses are in SMEs with marketing or
organizational innovations, Innovative SMEs
collaborating with others, and Non-R&D
innovation expenditures.
60
70
80
0.250
0.300
0.350
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
EPO patent applications
SMEs with product/process innovations
SMEs with marketing/organizational innovations
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Medium/high tech exports
Knowledge-intensive employment
Sales new product innovations (SMEs)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
Tertiary education
Public R&D
Business R&D
Non-R&D
innovation
SMEs inn. in-house
SMEs collaborating
EPO patents
Product process
innovators
Marketing organis.
innovators
Medium/high tech
exports
Knowledge-
intensive empl.
Innovative sales
Región de Murcia (ES62) EU28
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0.000
0.050
0.100
0.150
0.200
0.250
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Innovation index (left axis)
Relative to EU28 (right axis)

18. Regional Innovation Scoreboard 2016
Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta (ES) (ES63)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Tertiary education attainment
Public R&D expenditures
Business R&D expenditures
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Non-R&D innovation expenditures (SMEs)
SMEs innovating in-house
Innovative SMEs collaborating
0.700
Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta is a Modest
Innovator. Innovation performance has remained
at declined strongly (-10%) compared to two
years ago.
The radar graph shows that relative strengths
compared to the EU28 are in Sales due to new
product innovations, Exports of medium and high
tech products, and Tertiary education attainment.
The trend graphs on the right show that relative
strengths in the regional innovation system (i.e.
the indicators which are most above the shaded
area showing the region's Regional Innovation
Index) are Sales due to new product innovations,
Exports of medium and high tech products, and
Tertiary education attainment. Relative
weaknesses are in SMEs innovating in-house,
Innovative SMEs collaborating with others, and
Business R&D expenditures.
50
60
70
0.250
0.300
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
EPO patent applications
SMEs with product/process innovations
SMEs with marketing/organizational innovations
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Medium/high tech exports
Knowledge-intensive employment
Sales new product innovations (SMEs)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
Tertiary education
Public R&D
Business R&D
Non-R&D
innovation
SMEs inn. in-house
SMEs collaborating
EPO patents
Product process
innovators
Marketing organis.
innovators
Medium/high tech
exports
Knowledge-
intensive empl.
Innovative sales
Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta (ES) (ES63)
EU28
0
10
20
30
40
50
0.000
0.050
0.100
0.150
0.200
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Innovation index (left axis)
Relative to EU28 (right axis)

19. Regional Innovation Scoreboard 2016
Ciudad Autónoma de Melilla (ES) (ES64)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
0.800
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Tertiary education attainment
Public R&D expenditures
Business R&D expenditures
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Non-R&D innovation expenditures (SMEs)
SMEs innovating in-house
Innovative SMEs collaborating
0.600
0.700
Ciudad Autónoma de Melilla is a Modest
Innovator. Innovation performance has improved
strongly (+22%) compared to two years ago.
The radar graph shows that relative strengths
compared to the EU28 are in SMEs innovating in-
house, SMEs with product or process innovations,
and Tertiary education attainment.
The trend graphs on the right show that relative
strengths in the regional innovation system (i.e.
the indicators which are most above the shaded
area showing the region's Regional Innovation
Index) are SMEs innovating in-house, SMEs with
product or process innovations, and Exports of
medium and high tech products. Relative
weaknesses are in SMEs with marketing or
organizational innovations, Business R&D
expenditures, and Sales due to new product
innovations.
50
60
70
0.250
0.300
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
EPO patent applications
SMEs with product/process innovations
SMEs with marketing/organizational innovations
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Medium/high tech exports
Knowledge-intensive employment
Sales new product innovations (SMEs)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
Tertiary education
Public R&D
Business R&D
Non-R&D
innovation
SMEs inn. in-house
SMEs collaborating
EPO patents
Product process
innovators
Marketing organis.
innovators
Medium/high tech
exports
Knowledge-
intensive empl.
Innovative sales
Ciudad Autónoma de Melilla (ES) (ES64)
EU28
0
10
20
30
40
50
0.000
0.050
0.100
0.150
0.200
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Innovation index (left axis)
Relative to EU28 (right axis)

20. Regional Innovation Scoreboard 2016
Canarias (ES70)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Tertiary education attainment
Public R&D expenditures
Business R&D expenditures
0.000
0.050
0.100
0.150
0.200
0.250
0.300
0.350
0.400
0.450
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Non-R&D innovation expenditures (SMEs)
SMEs innovating in-house
Innovative SMEs collaborating
0.500
Canarias is a Modest Innovator. Innovation
performance has declined strongly (-21%)
compared to two years ago.
The radar graph shows that relative strengths
compared to the EU28 are in Tertiary education
attainment, Public R&D expenditures, and SMEs
with marketing or organizational innovations.
The trend graphs on the right show that relative
strengths in the regional innovation system (i.e.
the indicators which are most above the shaded
area showing the region's Regional Innovation
Index) are Tertiary education attainment, Exports
of medium and high tech products, and
Employment in knowledge-intensive industries.
Relative weaknesses are in Non-R&D innovation
expenditures, Sales due to new product
innovations, and Innovative SMEs collaborating
with others.
50
60
0.200
0.250
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
EPO patent applications
SMEs with product/process innovations
SMEs with marketing/organizational innovations
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Medium/high tech exports
Knowledge-intensive employment
Sales new product innovations (SMEs)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
Tertiary education
Public R&D
Business R&D
Non-R&D
innovation
SMEs inn. in-house
SMEs collaborating
EPO patents
Product process
innovators
Marketing organis.
innovators
Medium/high tech
exports
Knowledge-
intensive empl.
Innovative sales
Canarias (ES70) EU28
0
10
20
30
40
0.000
0.050
0.100
0.150
RII2008 RII2010 RII2012 RII2014 RII2016
Innovation index (left axis)
Relative to EU28 (right axis)