This presentation discusses effluent treatment plants (ETPs). It begins with introducing the presenters and contents to be covered. The contents section outlines the key concepts to be discussed including the need for ETPs, major treatment units, and different treatment stages. Diagrams are provided explaining the ETP process flow and components. The conclusion emphasizes that ETPs treat industrial wastewater through stages to remove contaminants for environmental and public health protection.

1. Welcome
To Our
Presentation

2. Effluent
Treatment
Plant
Presented to:
Md. Sajib Al Reza
Lecturer
Dept. of Food Technology and Nutritional Science
MBSTU

3. Presented by….
Group -01
Name ID
Fatema zaman FN19001
Sumaiya Akther Mow FN19002
Kamrun Nahar Tania FN19003
Kona Sarkar Nitul FN19004
Mst. Rukaya Khatun FN19005
Latifur Rahman FN19006
Tanjina Haque FN19007
Sohag Ali FN19008

4. Name ID
Israt Siddika Lima FN19009
Ratan Sarkar FN19010
Md. Riaz Hossen FN19011
Amiton Nesa FN19012
Md. Abu Hanif FN19014
Md. Liton FN19015
Tahmina Akter FN19016
Trisna Rani Saha FN19017
Jahidul Islam FN19018

5. Contents :
Concept of ETP
Need to treat effluent
Major treatment units in ETP
Preliminary treatment
Primary treatment
Secondary treatment
Tertiary treatment
Flowchart of ETP
Summary
Reference

6. Reference:
Book :
A Text Book Of Environmental Chemistry
V. Subramanian
Google:
www.biotecharticles.com
www.sciencedirect.com
www.researchgatenet.com
www.lewa.ae/wastewater/treatment
www.neoakruthi.com › blog › effluent-treatment-plant-1
www.britannica.com/technology/wastewater-treatment

7. What is ETP?
ETP is a process design
for treating the
industrial wastewater for
its reuse or safe disposal
to the environment.

8. What is the purpose of ETP?
 Remove any toxic and non-toxic
material or chemicals.
 Water can be reused or released
in the environment .
 Used by most of the companies in
various industries to clean water.

9. Components of ETP:
1. Influent
2. Effluent
3. Sludge
4. Activated sludge

10. Why Do We Need To Treat Effluent?
To prevent groundwater pollution
To prevent sea shore
To prevent soil pollution
To prevent marine life
Protection of public health
To reuse the treated effluent
For agriculture
For groundwater recharge
For industrial recycle

11. Key Parameters For Design Of An ETP
Design and size of
ETP depends
• Quantity & quality
of discharge
effluent
• Land availability
• Monetary
considerations
Area dimensions
depends
• Quality of waste
water
• Flow rate
• Type of biological
treatment
For less available
land
• CETP
• Preferred over ETP

12. Treatment level & Type of Treatment
Level of treatment Description Type of treatment
Preliminary treatment Remove large solids as
rags, sticks, grits etc.
Physical
Primary treatment Remove of floatable &
settleable material
Physical & chemical
Secondary treatment Remove biodegradable
organic material
Biological
Tertiary treatment Remove residual
suspended solid, dissolved
solid & disinfection
Chemical, physiochemical

13. Benefits of ETP
To reduce expenditure on water
acquisition.
To reduce the usage of fresh water in
industries.
To clean industry effluent and recycle it for
further use.
To preserve natural environment against
pollution.
To meet the standards for emission of
pollutants set by the Government & avoid
heavy penalty.

14. What is Wastewater?
• Waste water also known as
sewage.
• Contact with variety of
contaminants & concentration.
• Not fit for human use or
environment.

15. Where Does Wastewater Comes From?

16. Why Wastewater Treatment Is Essential?
To improve the water quality
Removing contaminants
Making water suitable for human & environment
For water reuse in various purpose or dispose ecological way
To control Water pollution
To decompose organic material

17. What is wastewater treatment?

18. Objectives Of Wastewater Treatment
01
• To improve quality of waste water
02
• Elimination of pollutants , toxicants
03
• Inactivation pathogenic microorganisms
04
• Prevention of harmful disease
05
• To make water useable

19. Industrial Wastewater Treatment Process:
• There are four distinct steps of industrial waste water treatment process.
They are described below-
-Preliminary treatment
-Primary treatment
-Secondary treatment
-Tertiary/advanced treatment

20. Preliminary Treatment Of Wastewater:
• Objective: The removal of coarse solids & other large materials found in raw
waste water.
 Common physical unit operations at
preliminary level are:
• Screening
• Sedimentation
• Clarification

21. Primary Treatment Of Wastewater:
Primary treatment removes material that will
either float or readily settle out by gravity. It
includes the physical processes of:
-screening
-comminution
-grit removal &
-sedimentation.

22. Primary Treatment Of Wastewater:
• Remove floating, settleable materials
• Ex. Suspended solids, organic matters
Purpose
• Physical
• Chemical
Method
pH control/neutralization
Chemical unit process
Chemical coagulation
Chemical flocculation
• Adjust pH to make waste water neutral
• For acidic wastes : NaOH, Ca(OH)2 etc.
• It is used with physical operations
• Chemical add wastewater for changes its quality.
• Refers to collecting the minute solid particles
• Chemical coagulants improve fine particles & form
flocs
• Flocculent enhance flocculation process
• Flocculation is aided by gentle mixing

23. Secondary Treatment Of Wastewater:
-is a biological treatment process designed to reduce the amount of organic
materials in the wastewater before it is discharge to a disposal field for final
treatment & dispersal in the soil.
Objectives: to remove the
residual organics and
suspended solids.
Methods: chemical &
biological process.

24. Secondary Treatment Of Wastewater:
Can take many
forms
All are based on
microorganisms
Biological
process
Take place in the
presence of air
Utilize aerobes
microorganisms
Aerobic
process
Take place in the
absence of air
Utilize anaerobes
microorganisms
Anaerobic
process

25. Tertiary/Advanced Treatment Of Wastewater:
• Tertiary wastewater treatment involves a series of steps to further reduce
organic concentration, turbidity, N, P, metals & pathogens.

26. Advanced Treatment Of Wastewater:
Purpose
• Final cleaning process
• Improves waste water
quality
Mechanism
• Removes inorganic
compounds & substances
• Such as N,P, Bacteria,
Virus, Parasites.
Method
• Alum:
• To remove additional
phosphorus particles
• Chlorine:
• Disinfects tertiary
treated wastewater
• Removing
microorganisms
• Remove extra Cl.

27. Methods Of Wastewater Treatment:
• Screening
• Comminutors
• Sedimentation
Physical method
• Coagulation, precipitation
• Ion exchange, neutralization
• Disinfection
Chemical method
• Adsorption
Biological
method

28. Biological Treatment Method
Aerated lagoon process
Trickling process
Activated sludge process
Anaerobic digestion
Oxidation pond

29. Aerated Lagoons Process
• An aerated lagoon (or aerated pond) is a simple wastewater treatment system
consisting of a pond with artificial aeration to promote the biological oxidation of
wastewaters.

30. Trickling Filters Process
• Trickling filters (TFs) are used to remove organic matter from wastewater. The TF
is an aerobic treatment system that utilizes microorganisms attached to a
medium to remove organic matter from wastewater.

31. Trickling Filters Process
Advantage
Good quality BOD removal
65 to 85%
Simple to operate
Manual attention not
needed
Disadvantage
High capital costs
Possible odor problems
Clogging of distributor
arms

32. Application Of Trickling Filters Process
Trickling filters are effectively used for treatment of industrial
wastes from:
-dairy, food processing
-distillery, pulp & paper mills
-brewery, pharmaceuticals
-slaughter house etc.

33. Activated Sludge Process:
• The most common suspended growth process used for municipal
wastewater treatment is the activated sludge process.

34. Activated Sludge Process:
oWastewater is aerated in reaction tank in which some microbial
floc is suspended .
oAerobic bacterial flora grows & remains suspended in the from
of floc, that is called “activated sludge”.
oThe effluent from the reaction tank is separated from sludge by
settling & discharged.
oFrom here, BOD removal to the extent from 90-95% can be
achieved .

35. Activated Sludge Process:
Advantage
Produce high quality effluent
Almost 95% BOD can remove
Mostly used food, sugar, textile processing
Disadvantage
Needs careful attention
Maintenance & operation cost high
Have sensitivity toxic & organic substance

36. Anaerobic Digestion
-Anaerobic digestion is an
anaerobic biological process in
which bacteria breakdown organic
matter such as animal manure,
wastewater biosolids, and food
wastes-in the absence of oxygen and
turns into a mix of methane gas and
carbon dioxide (usually referred to
as “biogas”) and also some gases like
Hydrogen sulfide, Ammonia, water
vapor.

37. Anaerobic Sludge Digestion Process:
 Mixture of farm waste is fed into
the biogas plant.
 Slurry is then fed into the digester.
 Anaerobic bacteria in digester
carry out decomposition of slurry.
 Biogas is sent out through an
outlet so that it can be suitably
used.
 Decomposed matter is taken out.

38. Anaerobic Digestion Process
Advantage
●Low operating
costs
Proven effectiveness
Burnable gas produced
Disadvantage
●Long start-up time
Affected by changes
in conditions.
Explosive gas produced

39. Application of Anaerobic Digestion Process
The process is used for industrial or domestic purposes to
manage waste or to produce fuels.
● Source of fuel, heat and electricity.
● Animal bedding production.
● Compost production.
● Solid fuel pellets production.
● Biochar production.

40. Flow Chart For ETP

41. Conclusion
o Different types of industrial waste water is treated by
ETP for environmental & public health safety .
o Major treatment procedures are preliminary , primary,
secondary & tertiary treatment which remove high
amount of organic, inorganic, toxic & non-toxic
compounds from wastewater.
o After the effluent treatment , wastewater should be
evaluated with different parameters of temperature,
PH, TDS, COD, BOD etc.