Error correction basics discusses types of errors learners make including lexical, grammar, discourse, and pronunciation errors. It also discusses potential causes of errors such as L1 interference, overgeneralization, ignorance of rules, and incomplete application of rules. The document outlines different approaches teachers can take to providing feedback on errors, including strict correction, prompting self-correction through clarification requests or reformulation, and gentle correction during fluency activities. It stresses the importance of recording errors to provide targeted feedback after activities.