Tackles the principles of ergonomics

1. THE
PRINCIPLES
OF
ERGONOMICS

2. WAYS ON HOW TO
PROVIDE EASY REACHES
INSIDE THE
PRODUCTION:

3. 1. PRODUCTION ISSUE
- People uses an Stepstool in reaching
an item in some occasions.

4. 2. EMPLOYEE WELL-BEING
- Long reaches are often underlying
reasons why people are
working on awkward and
contorted posture.

5. Principle 3
Keep Everything in Easy Reach

6. GENERAL RULE :
MAINTAIN THE REACH ENVELOPE
- Always bear in your mind that this envelope is
semi-circle, not the rectangle typically used in
work surfaces

7. DESIGN FOR A SHORT PERSON
— In general, make sure
that shorter-statured
people can reach
everything.

8. RULES FOR WORKSURFACES
• REARRANGE— The point behind keeping
things in easy reach is not a hard concept to
grasp.

9. • REDUCE WORK SURFACE SIZE
— All too often, the work
surface is much bigger than needed.

10. •MAKE CUTOUTS
— An increasingly common approach is to
make a cutout in the work surface.

11. •USE SWING ARMS
— Another way to bring items closer yet
spare workspace is to use swing arms.

12. •TILT
— When working out of boxes, it’s possible to use tilt
tables or stands or even to prop up the box on one
end.

13. •REMOVE BARRIERS
— Many reaches are caused by barriers
that can be eliminated or relocated.

14. Never
Over
Reach
Or
Twist !!

15. Principle 4
Work at Proper Heights
• There are five categories of height mismatches. Each
has its own set of common options of improvement.

16. 1. OUT OF REACH FOR EVERYONE

18. 2. OPTIMAL INDIVIDUAL HEIGHT
• Design for elbow height— Generally, work is
best done at about elbow height, whether
sitting or standing.

19. 2a. CONSIDER THE EXCEPTIONS
— The nature of the work also affects the proper
height.

20. 2B. AVOID EXTREMES
— When it isn’t possible to make every height ideal, it
may be feasible to avoid the extremes; that is, avoid
working below knee level or above shoulder level.

21. 3. ADJUSTING FOR INDIVIDUAL
DIFFERENCES
— Because people vary in height, good
design often involves making height
adjustments in work surfaces. There are
a variety of ways to do so:

22. 3A. CHANGE THE WORK SURFACE
— The best approach is to adjust the height of
the work surface itself.

23. 3B. STAND ON A PLATFORM
• — It usually is impossible to raise or lower
assembly lines or large pieces of equipment.

24. 4. HEIGHTS OF MATERIALS

25. 5. HEIGHT RELATIONSHIPS WITH
EQUIPMENT