The document discusses microcurrent biofeedback neuromodulation and its role in bioelectronic medicine for healing. It explains how the body communicates through electrical signals and highlights microcurrent therapy's effectiveness in pain management and inflammation reduction by restoring cellular communication and promoting ATP production. Additionally, it covers chronic inflammation, its implications for health, and the benefits of specific frequencies in treating various conditions.

1. Microcurrent Biofeedback
Neuromodulation Theory
Bioelectronic Medicine
Healing from the Inside Out

2. MarLeice Hyde, MSN, RN, CTTH
• 25 years nursing: Cardiology, Oncology, Pediatrics,
Infusion Therapy, Travel, Emergency, Pain Management
• 5 years CRPS/RSD Specialist
• Certified by Dr. John Hache in Microcurrent Therapy 2015
• Masters Degree in Nursing Education
• Owner/Practioner Erasing Pain Holistic Health Clinic
• Owner Electro Massage Supply
• Executive Director CRPS Clubhouse non-profit
• National Training Coordinator for the Academy of Applied
Bioelectrophysiology

3. What you are about to learn…
will sound TOO GOOD
TO BE TRUE
So here are a few real results:

4. Severed facial
Nerve
4 treatments

6. Scoliosis- Spine Straightened
One 15 min
session
Before: Purple
After: Green

7. Before After One Treatment

8. How does the body communicate?
• Chemical
• Timing varies- IV, sublingual, IM, oral, topical
• Blood flow is only 3mph
• Electrical
• Nervous system
• 100 to 268mph
• Fascia/Collagen fiber network
• instantaneous
• The difference between dial-up & fiber optic internet

9. Collagen Fiber Network
• Fascia tubes creates communication
channels, energy pathways between organs
• “Living Matrix” to every single cell in the body.
70 trillion cells each need constant
communication and maintenance
• Not every cell is attached to a nerve. Every
cell IS connected to the fascia network.

10. How does the body communicate?
• Energy pathways
• Based on embryology
• Tissues developed simultaneously creating fascia
tubes that form the basis of the collagen matrix of
the “Body Electric”
• Aka Meridians or Chakras
• Acupressure points are useful
• Goal: Homeostasis/Balance

13. FREQUENCY- the language of the body electric
• Different body cells/tissues communicate at different
frequencies
• Talk to specific groups of cells directly! Just like tuning a
radio…. The brain generates these specific frequencies, also
known as nerve impulses or action potentials, in order to
communicate with the nervous system
• General: frequencies >100 Hz = anti-inflammatory
frequencies <100 Hz = Regenerative/repair
Nerves Bone Ligaments Muscle HBP &
Trauma
States
Capillaries
Lymph
Blood Flow
&
Circulation
Fluid
retention in
joints &
tissues
Clearness
of Mind &
Mental
Function
Scar Tissue Soft Tissue
& Mucous
Membranes
Sisken and Walker

14. ATP: the “currency” of the body electric
• ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is a high-energy molecule that
resides in every single cell of our body. ATP is our power supply,
our battery. Without it, we die.
• “The difference between life and death is VOLTAGE” – Dr.
Robert Becker
• ATP is the fuel we use to heal, regenerate, fight off infection,
regulate hormones, digest food, transmit signals, move muscles,
and every other body process.

15. How do we recharge our battery?
• Exercise and movement
Muscle contraction produces more ATP! When our
muscles contract, we generate twice as much ATP
as we used in the first place.
• It also produces another molecule (NADH)
that enables your body to store higher amounts of ATP.
• 2 principles: use it or lose it, and you have to spend money
to make money.

16. What causes pain?
When our body experiences injury, trauma or a hormonal imbalance
(pregnancy, menopause, aging), our natural flow of bioelectric frequency
becomes disrupted. It's like a cellular power outage. Those cells of the
injured area lose their ability to conduct electricity and communicate
effectively with the rest of the body, ensuing tissue damage, pain,
inflammation, skin atrophy, and the impedance of countless biologic
processes.
Symptoms:
• Rubor (Redness)
• Dolor (Pain)
• Calor (Heat)
• Tumor (Swelling)
• Decreased Range of
Motion

17. Inflammation
• The brain sends white blood cells, chemicals, proteins,
etc to the injured area
• Creates molecular bonds that need to be broken.
• Produces an oxygen reaction that generates heat.
• Like a beaver dam in a river, it is all walled off forming a
Selye pouch.
• Cells behind the wall and in the area go ‘out of tune’
• Eventually the area is repaired and the materials are
absorbed, the pouch dissipates and balance is restored

18. Inflammation
• Injury leads to pathogen to cellular debris to oxidative burst
producing free radicals that leak out of Selye pouch (Kesslier in
Germany)
• Overwhelming infection spreads into the blood stream- but the
infection isn’t what kills you.
• Sepsis is friendly fire. It’s the cytokine storm of tumor necrosing
factors produced by white blood cells stimulated by the brain-
an overreaction, the brain’s interpretation of the incident.
• These tumor necrosing factors block the small blood vessels,
which then kills the surround cells.
• There aren’t enough electrons to neutralize the free radicals or
penetrate the barricade (Selye pouch). They collect and leak
toxins (cellular debris) systemwide. Forms from collateral
damage.

19. Inflammatory Process

20. Chronic Inflammation
• Free radicals leak out
• Sometimes the pouch bursts sending accumulated toxins
into the bloodstream in a condition called sepsis
• Sepsis is friendly fire. The brain over-reacts, sends too
many white blood cells that initiate a cytokine storm of
tumor necrosing factors
• These tumor necrosing factors block the small blood
vessels, which then kills the surround cells.
• There aren’t enough electrons to neutralize the free
radicals or penetrate the barricade (Selye pouch). They
collect and leak toxins (cellular debris) systemwide.
Forms from collateral damage.

21. Inflamm-aging
• ---Dr. Oschman video link

22. Inflamm-aging
• Chronic inflammatory processes are the precursor to
over 4000 different diseases, virtually all of them.
• “It’s looking like there are no chronic diseases, only
chronic inflammation” Dr. James Oshmann
• Recent studies have linked inflammation to depression
• Source of aging. It has been estimated that eliminating
inflammation will increase life expectance up to 35
years.
• CRP (C-Reactive Protein) blood test is an indicator of
low-level inflammation in the body

23. Inflamm-aging
• Natural losses: (slow energy leak like a battery losing its charge)
• Muscle mass replaced by fat
• Connective tissue thins out, loss of flexibility
• Decrease in muscle strength
• Slowing in muscle reflexes
• Knowing that muscle contraction generates ATP, which
supplies our entire system with energy, it's
understandable that the older we get, the more tired and
weak we become...we are literally running on low energy!

24. Inflamm-aging
• Telomeres are present on the end of all our DNA strands.
They shorten as the cells reproduce themselves. They are
the body’s aging clock
• Sustained stress increases the rate of shortening of the
telomeres
• Dr. Elizabeth Blackburn won the Nobel prize recently when
she discovered telomerase is an enzyme that can lengthen
these telomeres
• The brain doesn’t know the difference between physical
and mental stress, it reacts the same
• Stress also stimulates the body to produce cortisol-
increasing levels of cortisol attack the immune system and
reduce reproductive capability

25. Electrosmog
• We are surrounded by Electromagnetic fields
• Wi-fi
• Electronics
• LED lights
• Cellular waves
• Radio waves
• Smart Meters
• Power lines
• Barometric pressure changes
• These bombard our cells and can counteract our own
body’s electrical signals, knocking us ‘out of tune’

26. How Does Microcurrent Heal?
• Breaks the molecular bonds into pieces the body can deal
with easier
• Cancels out the oxygen reactions
• Reverses the brain’s stimulation of the cytokine storm and
tumor necrosing factors.
• Calms the over-reaction, prevents and reverses sepsis.
• Stimulates angiogenesis- formation of new blood vessels
to replace the blocked/dead ones.
• Introduces electrons to neutralize free radicals

27. How Does Microcurrent Heal?
• Stimulates the body's own natural healing process, re-
starting it or speeding it up
• Matches and then ‘re-tunes’ the frequency of the
disrupted tissue back to the 7.83 Schumann resonances
(like earthing/grounding)
• Frequencies >100 Hz neutralize inflammation
• Increasing the production of ATP by an estimated 500%

28. Electrostimulation: Multiple modalities
• PEMF (Pulsed electromagnetic field)
• Based on TESLA coil (Violet Wand)
• No direct tactical sensation. Very small affected area.
• Pulses penetrate. (difference between 4G and 5G)
• TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation)
• technically Prescription only
• Will numb nerves over time for chronic pain relief
• EMS (Electrical Muscle Stimulation)
• Most of what is publicly available
• “Hijacks” the signal from the brain to the muscle
• Forces muscular contraction, stimulates rather than deadens nerves
• Microcurrent
• 1/1000th the power level of TENS

29. Power Units- Violet Wand

30. Power Units- TENS/EMS
• Digital
• Pre-programmed patterns
• Remote Control
• Analog
• Turn-dial, no patterns
• Stereo/Audiostim
• Accepts MP3 files, live program and save your own for replay

31. What’s the difference?
POWER output, FREQUENCY, & WAVEFORM
• Violet Wand
• 10-50 kv, wall outlet plug-in
• 500 khz
• TENS/EMS
• 30-100 ma (milliamps), usually 9V battery
• 2-150 Hz
• Square, can do interferential by placement/design
• Microcurrent
• Up to 1200 uA (microamps), 2 AA batteries
• 0.5-2500 Hz
• Biphasic sinusoidal

32. Understanding terminology
• Pulse width/amplitude (hertz)- How deep does it penetrate?
• Pulse frequency/wavelength (rate)- How fast does it go?
• “Constant” misnomer
• Output-Amperes (amps)/Volts- How strong is it?

33. Understanding terminology
• Waveform, output pattern- What does it feel like?
• Square, interferential, sinusoidal, monophasic, biphasic, etc.

34. What is microcurrent?
• Microcurrent refers to the waves of electric
current that our own cells generate. The current
or frequency is so small that it is measured in one
millionth of an amp (microamperage μA). This
electricity runs sub sensory, meaning it is so faint
that it does not stimulate our sensory nerves and
cannot be consciously felt.
• When using the Microcurrent units at higher
power levels for therapy purposes, a slight tingly
feeling is felt and sometimes results in muscle
movements.

35. Types of Microcurrent
• Beauty/Cosmetic
• Hundreds of types of facial devices, square waves
• Multiple other models- Dolphin Neurostim, etc.
• Square waves, used on acupressure points
• Frequency-Specific
• Uses the difference between 2 frequencies on 2 channels to perform a specific
frequency treatment
• Square waves
• Scenar
• Sinus wave with biofeedback, limited frequency range, only 2 programs
• Avazzia (biofeedback neuromodulation)
• *Star Trek Medicine* Locates the source of the pain and stimulates the body to
repair itself eliminating pain permanently
• Sinus wave, biofeedback, neuromodulation
• 53 Built-in modes including brainwaves and chakras/meridians
• User programmable to any frequency 0.5-2500 Hz

36. History of Microcurrent
• Developed in Russia for space program in the late 20th Century
(1970-1990) but ended up in use in the general population instead
• The real Russian Olympic secret advantage
• Self-Controlled Energy Neuro-Adaptive Regulator
• Texas Instruments produced the microchips for the Russian
SCENAR.
• Great Britain 1998, introduced to Dr. Lorraine Vanbergen
• Montreal, Canada 1999. Scenar manual written by Dr. John Hache
• Scenar introduced into US in 2002 by Drs John and Lorry Hache
• Tim Smith (CEO of Texas Instruments) improved the technology
and founded Avazzia in 2004.
• Dr. Hache joined Avazzia as consultant and Master Trainer
• Current units have 53 programs as well as individual programming
features and were introduced in early 2015.

37. Power Units- Microcurrent

38. What’s the difference?
• EMS
• Hijacks/overrides the body’s nerve impulses to FORCE muscle
movement. Dominates.
• When toning/strengthening muscles or massaging it is the right tool.
• TENS
• Scrambles/interrupts the nerve signals to the brain for a temporary
numbing pain effect. Only masks the problem. Only lasts minutes
to hours. Causes long-term nerve damage.
• For pain relief, it is the wrong tool.
• Requires increasing power levels to maintain the same response.
• Energy is one direction only: IN
• Multiple safety precautions and interactions

39. What’s the difference?
• Microcurrent
• Communicates with the cells on an individual level with millions of
signals sent per second.
• Locates and neutralizes Selye pouches. (No other technology can!)
• Cancels the inflammatory process that causes pain. REMOVES the
pain at the source (not a mask).
• Resonates at individual cellular frequencies.
• Provides energy for the cells themselves to heal.
• It triggers and speeds up the body’s own healing capabilities.
• Power levels decrease as pathways open with improved response.
• Energy is transferred in BOTH directions.
• Use with caution in early pregnancy. Few other restrictions.

40. Can it be used on any age?
• YES!
• The younger you are, the more healthy the cells are in
general and the easier they are to retune and repair.
• Older people tend to be generally dehydrated, which
makes the Microcurrent less effective overall.
• Older people also tend to have circulation issues that
need to be addressed quickly.
• Those who smoke respond less to the Microcurrent
because of the continuous system-wide inflammation
• Changes in body pH may also limit effectiveness

41. Biofeedback-Getting the brain’s attention
• The brain pays attention to something new or different,
but the attention span is very short.
• It identifies the sensation, then assimilates it to a memory
and doesn’t pay attention anymore. (like touching an arm)
• When using a TENS unit, the power must be increased
constantly to overcome the body’s adaptation
• Avazzia’s biofeedback system gets and keeps the brains
attention while preventing the body from adapting. In fact,
the body opens up to it and the power levels need to be
decreased as the barriers are broken down and the
sensitivity increases.

42. Stress
• The “fight or flight” system (sympathetic system) knocks
out/counteracts the “eat, assimilate, digest” (parasympathetic
system). The more stressed you are, the more the other body
systems shut down.
• Fight or flight: increase blood pressure and HR, increase
blood sugar, decrease pH, decrease extremity circulation
(cold hands), dilate eyes:
• Sympathetic system.
• Brain’s Beta Waves
• Homeostasis: Eat, sleep, digest, assimilate.
• Parasympathetic System.
• Brain’s Alpha Waves

43. Stress
• Stress stimulates inflammation which induces the brain to
produce the cytokines that induce the storm.
• Any man-made electrical wave is not recognized by the
body which causes stress that triggers the fight or flight
system. ALL pulse square wave and other types of units
trigger the body’s stress response so must DOMINATAE
and overcome the resistance.
• The biofeedback, sinusoidal wave of the Avazzia
Microcurrent with biofeedback is recognized by the body,
being the same as the communication from the brain and
the heart. COMMUNICATE/RESONATE. No resistance.

44. Vagus Nerve
• The Wandering Nerve, longest cranial nerve
• Connects brain stem to heart, diaphragm and gut
• Branches out to all organs
• Control center for parasympathetic system
• Controls inflammation body-wide
• Manages and processes emotions

45. Vagus Nerve Stimulation
• Can do a gentle re-tune or a hard emergency stop depending on
the frequency and duration used
• Alpha mode: pure parasympathetic stimulation to counteract stress
response and cytokine storm.
• Hacks into the brain/central nervous system to turn off the
inflammatory process. Calms it down system-wide.
• See the Scientific American article, and multiple “Hacking the Nervous
System” articles via google search. Bioelectric Medicine Video
• Treats:
• Sepsis- Stops and reverses systemwide inflammatory process
• Anxiety- Calms the brain stress response
• Stroke- Brings down the blood pressure, opens closed blood vessels
• Migraine- 75%+ of the time, migraines cease within minutes

46. A philosophical question….
•When every cell in our body
replaces itself about every month,
WHY then do we have scars?

47. Scar Tissue
• Individual cells remember being traumatized and
duplicate the damage
• These “black holes” may be interpreted by the body as
PAIN, may be much larger than Selye pouches
• Scar cells have blown-out sodium-potassium pumps in
the mitochondria and are incapable of producing ATP
• Scars disrupt the meridian system when they cross
channels of energy flow through the fascia, sending PAIN
signals in all directions (Referred pain)
• A good percentage of post-op pain, especially chronic can
be almost completely attributed to the scar tissue

48. Collagen Fiber Network
Healthy Tissue Scar Tissue
Communication Breakdown!
Severs collagen matrix

49. First Rule- Neutralize Scar Tissue
• Like pulling a magnet through metal filings and watching them
line up, the collagen fibers of scar tissue can be realigned
using Microcurrent therapy at 77 Hz.
• Removes the cellular memory of the trauma so duplication
normalizes
• Neutralizes the 1.5 volts residual
• Restores the ability to send electrical signals
• Restores the function of the sodium-potassium pumps and ATP
production
• Removes interference interpreted as pain
• Appearance of scars will improve also, initially and
accumulative effect over time.

50. Many
Years
Old
Burn
Scar
Single
15 min
Treatme
nt

51. Second Rule- Stop Inflammatory Process
•Locate and neutralize Selye pouches,
open the blocked pathways
•Eliminate Free Radicals
•Signal neuropeptide release
(endorphins)
•Increase perfusion, remove swelling

52. Third Rule- Stimulate Self-Healing
•Provide ATP for cellular regeneration-
• up to 500% more!
• Get the brain’s attention and start
programming for healing
• Symptoms continue to progress for 24-48
hours as body responds to stimulus
• Effects are accumulative and progressive

53. Fourth Rule- Clear the toxins
• Removing the inflammation pockets, breaking the “beaver dams” so
to speak, releases built-up debris.
• Hydrate well after treatments, but hydration alone may not be enough,
especially with early comprehensive procedures.
• Drain lymph- remove toxins. Body brushing works well.
• Focus on diaphragmatic breathing. Mini-tramp stimulates lymph flow.
• Epsom Salt soaks (full bath or foot soak) &/or magnesium oil/spray
• Activated charcoal for gastrointestinal type treatments (capsule)

54. Breathing
• Do you use the diaphragm to fill the balloons with air, or
just push it up to collapse the lungs so environmental air
pressure fills them instead? (Shoulder breathing)
• No stress response is possible when breathing
diaphragmatically because the diaphragm stimulates the
body to go into eat, sleep, assimilate mode. This
disconnects the sympathetic nervous system/stress.
• Diaphragmatic breathing also stimulates lymph flow.

55. How to do Diaphragmatic Breathing
• LAUGHTER is the best medicine… because it by nature
includes diaphragmatic breathing.
• Dr. Patch Adams’ philosophy and style are a great example
• Norman Cousins in 1979 wrote a book detailing how he “laughed
himself out of cancer” after which he won a Nobel Prize
• Mini trampolines also force diaphragmatic movement: After 3-5
min on a trampoline one’s energy index doubles. Both because
of breathing and of muscle movement production of ATP.
• Wilddivine.com – A resource to train especially kids but also
others on biofeedback and breathing techniques with good
graphics.

56. Pain-Relief Principles
• Referred Pain: Where it’s felt isn’t necessarily where it’s
caused (example: left arm & heart attack)
• Find the actual source using biofeedback diagnostics to
remove the cause of the pain, not just ‘treat’ or ‘mask’ it
• Compensatory Mechanisms
• When pain is in the left knee, the body tries to compensate by
re-allocating the stress to the right knee, or left hip, or…. Can
be chicken/egg conundrum. Backtrack to source.
• Body Symmetry & Mirror Principles
• Treat contra-laterally. Even if pain is only on one side of the
body, treat the other. Or if you can’t reach where it hurts (a
cast), treat the opposite side.

57. Anti-aging
• Stimulate the body’s self-healing and remove
chronic inflammation
• Generate ATP to maintain energy and prevent
muscle degeneration
• Keep muscles toned below skin level to
remove gaunt, aged appearance
• Tighten/lift sagging skin
• Reduce the appearance of cellulite, scarring,
and stretch marks
• Maintenance/Upkeep Required because of
continued stimulus

58. Applying the Theory
• Electrolytes are required!
• Water is highly electroconductive, but distilled water
missing electrolytes is not conductive at all
• Calcium
• Magnesium (90% are deficient by estimates)
• Sodium
• Potassium
• Fluoride
Building blocks, pumps, and many more necessary
functions in the body

59. Applying the Theory
• pH (potential for Hydrogen)
• 7.0 is ideal
• Lower is acidic, when acid is present mold grows
• Think of a swimming pool
• If arterial blood goes below 6.8, can be fatal
• Higher is alkaline, better to be high than low
• Too high or too low will result in fatigue
• Get urine test strips from pharmacy to monitor

60. Advanced Treatment Planning
• 1- Scars
• 2- Alignment
• 3-Inflammation/Vagus nerve
• 4-Point of Pain (POP)/Trigger Points
• 5-Range of Motion
• 6- 3/6 Hidden Pain Protocol
• 7-Chakras/Emotions
• 8-Meridians/MEAD device
• 9-pH/nutrition/supplements/constitutions

61. Applying the Theory:
• Basic principles of Electrical Pathways
• “Positive” and “Negative- completing the circuit. More
appropriately, 1+1=2. There has to be somewhere for the
current to travel between.
• Path of least resistance. Example: lightning strike- stay in
a car because you are more conductive than rubber tires
from the metal to the ground.
• Conductivity capability: silver, gold, copper, H20 etc. are
conductive where paper, plastic, rubber and other
materials are not.

62. Applying the Theory
• Surface area implications
• SIZE MATTERS! Pair items of similar size and conductive capability
or you will only feel the sensations on the smaller/more conductive
item.
• Not all power units can handle all accessories. More or larger
pads/accessories require more power to operate
• Power precautions:
• Some areas of the body are more sensitive than others
• Some people are more sensitive overall than others
• Start with a low power level & work up slowly to prevent shocks/burns
• Be aware of auto-shutoff timers and other safety features

63. Unipolar vs Bipolar vs Tripolar
Uni= One. Must have 2 to create a pathway Bi=2.

64. Electrode positioning
• Think:
What do I want to feel?
Where do I want the current to flow?
Thus, Where do I want to stimulate to feel it?
Place one unipolar accessory at either end or a bipolar
device covering both sides
Be aware of landmarks such as muscles, nerves and
acupressure points in the area

65. Electrode positioning

66. Acupressure
Points

67. Care of Electrode pads
• Clean the skin prior to placement
• Use a skin-prep spray
• Keep the plastic protectors they come on
• After use, lightly rinse the sticky surface to
remove debris
• Replace onto plastic protectors.
• Average longevity is 6-8 uses per pad
• You can extend their life with
Tensive or Tac gel

68. Cleanup
• Cleaner and Hospital-grade disinfectant
• Bacteria, Fungal, Virus and more!
• Spray or wipes

69. Insertables- Incontinence, ED, Prostate
•Unipolar vs Bipolar vs Tripolar
•Stripe vs Panel

70. Lubricant
• Electro-conductive Water-based only, NO SILICONE
• Salt-water, can add baking soda
Sterile

71. Treatment Barriers
• Dehydration Our body’s are 80% water particularly fascia.
• Smoking Systemic inflammation makes identifying
specific areas very difficult.
• Chemical masks like pain medications. Pain signals must
be present to be located and neutralized. When you are at
your worst, microcurrent works the best.
• Malnutrition or missing elements. We can program and
stimulate healing, but the building blocks are required.
• Advanced age and body deterioration Prone to
dehydration/malnutrition, more areas of chronic buildup

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73. Technicalities
•Avazzia devices are FDA approved for
Pain Management Only.
• Healing any other disease removes the pain caused from
it. No body system is isolated. All cells are connected.
• “Off-label” uses- we are only beginning to discover what is
possible with this “Star Trek” technology. Continuing
advancements in frequencies, harmonics, PEMFs,
programs and protocols are happening constantly and
shared through the Academy of Applied
Bioelectrophysiology.

74. Safety First! (user manual vs reality)
• The above the waist stim debate- get the facts and make your
own decision. ***Applies to TENS, not Microcurrent.
• No above the waist with heart arrhythmias or pacemakers***
• Not when pregnant ***(or not 1st or 2nd trimester)
• Consult with a physician or physical therapist if you have
epilepsy or pain of an undiagnosed origin***
• Commercially produced units only- NEVER connect directly to
batteries or audio/speaker outputs

75. Safety First!
• Never directly on piercings. E-Stim may cause burns at
high voltage levels on small contact areas.
• Locations: NEVER (***TENS only, not Microcurrent)
• Throat (carotid sinus)/Larynx. Can close the airway.
• Eyes/eyelids. Face in general. In fact, never above the neck
especially across the head.
• Broken or irritated skin
• Inflamed joints
• Near medical implants of any kind-pumps, pacemakers, ports, etc.
Be careful to stay 6 inches or more away from joint replacements.

76. Sum it Up
• Choose the right tool for the right job. TENS still has its place,
primarily for rehabilitation purposes.
• Start slow, let the receiver determine power levels
• Take time to experiment! What works for one person may not
work for another, e-stim is highly highly individual
If in doubt, ask an expert. The Academy of Applied
BioElectrophysiology is a great resource.
There is no such thing as a stupid question!
www.microcurrent-training.com
www.erasingpain.com www.avazzialife.com
www.theacademysales.com