Equity shares, also known as ordinary shares, represent ownership in a company. They provide shareholders with voting rights and potential capital gains but irregular income. Preference shares provide a fixed dividend rate but limited voting rights. Companies raise capital through initial public offerings (IPOs) by issuing new shares to the public for the first time. Recent examples of IPOs in India include IndiGo Airlines and Café Coffee Day. Depository receipts like ADRs and GDRs allow foreign investors to purchase shares of companies in other countries. HDFC Bank plans to issue ADRs, which will convert some existing shares to ADRs traded on foreign exchanges.
Formula Plan in Securities Analysis and Port folio ManagementSuryadipta Dutta
Formula Plan in Securities Analysis and Port folio Management INCLUDING introduction,need, types, advantages with constant rupee value plan, constant ratio plan, Variable Ratio Plan, limitations and with every notes.
This analysis is an important tool used to optimize the capital structure for highest earnings for shareholders
It helps in understanding the sensitivity of EPS at given level of Earning before Interest & Tax under different sources of financing
It helps in analyzing how capital structure decision is important to raise the value of firm
An optimal financing structure minimizes the cost of capital and maximizes the earnings
Earning Per Share under different Capital structure plans
Plan 1 ( Only Equity Shares )
EPS = (EBIT (1−Tax rate))/(No. of Outstanding Shares)
Plan 2 ( Equity Shares & Debt )
EPS = ((EBIT −Interest) (1−Tax rate))/(No. of Outstanding Shares)
Plan 3 (Equity, Debt & Preference Shares)
EPS = ((EBIT −Interest) (1−Tax rate)−Pref. Dividend)/(No. of Outstanding Shares)
Plan 4 (Equity shares & Preference Shares)
EPS = (EBIT (1−Tax rate)−Pref. Dividend)/(No. of Outstanding Shares)
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Formula Plan in Securities Analysis and Port folio ManagementSuryadipta Dutta
Formula Plan in Securities Analysis and Port folio Management INCLUDING introduction,need, types, advantages with constant rupee value plan, constant ratio plan, Variable Ratio Plan, limitations and with every notes.
This analysis is an important tool used to optimize the capital structure for highest earnings for shareholders
It helps in understanding the sensitivity of EPS at given level of Earning before Interest & Tax under different sources of financing
It helps in analyzing how capital structure decision is important to raise the value of firm
An optimal financing structure minimizes the cost of capital and maximizes the earnings
Earning Per Share under different Capital structure plans
Plan 1 ( Only Equity Shares )
EPS = (EBIT (1−Tax rate))/(No. of Outstanding Shares)
Plan 2 ( Equity Shares & Debt )
EPS = ((EBIT −Interest) (1−Tax rate))/(No. of Outstanding Shares)
Plan 3 (Equity, Debt & Preference Shares)
EPS = ((EBIT −Interest) (1−Tax rate)−Pref. Dividend)/(No. of Outstanding Shares)
Plan 4 (Equity shares & Preference Shares)
EPS = (EBIT (1−Tax rate)−Pref. Dividend)/(No. of Outstanding Shares)
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John convery of west palm beach a financial professionalJohn Convery
John Convery is an experienced financial professional in West Palm Beach, Florida. He was born in Point Pleasant, New Jersey and spent part of his childhood in Germany. He attended East Stroudsburg University and graduated in 1984 with a Bachelor of Arts. He then used his education to build a career for himself. He started working in finance and specialized in retirement planning. He established The Educated Wealth Center in 1985 and focused on helping his clients with all of their retirement preparation needs. He has thirty years of experience in the financial industry, and is a regular contributor to radio programs and news sites.
Need of new Financial Instruments, New Financial Instruments, Global Depository Receipts (GDRs), Advantages, ADR, Zero Coupon Debenture, Deep Discount Bonds, Infrastructure bonds, Floating rate bonds, Municipal bonds, Regular income bonds, Retirement bonds, Growth bonds etc.
नए वित्तीय साधनों, नए वित्तीय साधनों, वैश्विक डिपॉजिटरी प्राप्तियों (जीडीआर), लाभ, एडीआर, जीरो कूपन डिबेंचर, डीप डिस्काउंट बांड, इन्फ्रास्ट्रक्चर बॉन्ड, फ्लोटिंग रेट बॉन्ड, म्यूनिसिपल बॉन्ड, रेगुलर इनकम बॉन्ड, रिटायरमेंट बॉन्ड, ग्रोथ बॉन्ड आदि की जरूरत है।
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How to Build a Diversified Investment Portfolio.pdfTrims Creators
Building a diversified investment portfolio is a fundamental strategy to manage risk and optimize returns. For both novice and experienced investors, diversification offers a pathway to a more stable and resilient financial future. Here’s an in-depth guide on how to create and maintain a well-diversified investment portfolio.
Salma Karina Hayat is Conscious Digital Transformation Leader at Kudos | Empowering SMEs via CRM & Digital Automation | Award-Winning Entrepreneur & Philanthropist | Education & Homelessness Advocate
When listening about building new Ventures, Marketplaces ideas are something very frequent. On this session we will discuss reasons why you should stay away from it :P , by sharing real stories and misconceptions around them. If you still insist to go for it however, you will at least get an idea of the important and critical strategies to optimize for success like Product, Business Development & Marketing, Operations :)
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Michael Economou is an Entrepreneur, with Business & Technology foundations and a passion for Innovation. He is working with his team to launch a new venture – Exyde, an AI powered booking platform for Activities & Experiences, aspiring to revolutionize the way we travel and experience the world. Michael has extensive entrepreneurial experience as the co-founder of Ideas2life, AtYourService as well as Foody, an online delivery platform and one of the most prominent ventures in Cyprus’ digital landscape, acquired by Delivery Hero group in 2019. This journey & experience marks a vast expertise in building and scaling marketplaces, enhancing everyday life through technology and making meaningful impact on local communities, which is what Michael and his team are pursuing doing once more with Exyde www.goExyde.com
Best Crypto Marketing Ideas to Lead Your Project to SuccessIntelisync
In this comprehensive slideshow presentation, we delve into the intricacies of crypto marketing, offering invaluable insights and strategies to propel your project to success in the dynamic cryptocurrency landscape. From understanding market trends to building a robust brand identity, engaging with influencers, and analyzing performance metrics, we cover all aspects essential for effective marketing in the crypto space.
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What You're Going to Learn
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2. What is Financial Market
A system comprised of individuals and
institutions, instruments, and procedures
that bring together borrowers and savers.
It help to facilitate:
Price discovery
To raise the capital
Cash liquidity
3.
4. Equity Shares
Equity shares were earlier known
as ordinary shares.
The holders of these shares are
the real owners of the company.
5. Features of Equity shares
Right to Control
Pre - emptive Right
Owned Capital
Transfer of Shares
Equal Rights
Transfer of Shares
6. Advantages
No Obligation to pay Dividend
Capital Gain
Limited Liability
Owner of the company
Right Issue
Long term and permanent capital
7. Disadvantages
No Flexibility in capital structure
Speculation
Uncertain and Irregular Income
Trading on Equity not possible
Limited control
12. Preference can be traded on stock exchange
Preference shares are quasi-equity instruments that
have limited voting rights and give specific dividend
that is paid out before a company distributes
dividend to regular shareholders.
According to data compiled from depositories, in the
last three years, more than Rs 25,000 crore was
raised through preference share issuance by 295
companies. In 2011-12, 147 issuers tapped the
market to raise Rs 10,000 crore.
13. IPO
• Definition: A company’s first
equity issue made available to the
public.
• This issue occurs when a privately
held company decides to go public
• Also called an “unseasoned new
issue.
14. Current Example of IPO
Indigo
IndiGo Airlines IPO to open on
October 27, price band Rs 700-765
Indigo lines up IPO to raise an
estimate of 2500 cr
Indigo jump 20% in 2 day
15. IPO Promotor : Rahul Bhatia & Rakesh Gangwal
Lead Manager: Barclays, citigroup ,JP morgan
Issue Detail:
»» Issue Open: Oct 27, 2015 - Oct 29, 2015
»» Issue Type: 100% Book Built Issue IPO
»» Issue Size: Equity Shares of Rs. 10
»» Issue Size: Rs. 1,272.20 Crore
»» Face Value: Rs. 10 Per Equity Share
»» Issue Price: Rs. 700 - Rs. 765 Per Equity Share
»» Market Lot: 15 Shares
»» Minimum Order Quantity: 15 Shares
»» Listing At: BSE, NSE
16. CCD
Café Coffee Day plans to raise Rs 1150 crore through
IPO which open on 14, October 2015 and close on 16,
October 2015. It has fixed a price band of Rs 316-328
for the share sale.
Following about the IPO:-
V G Siddhartha, who is the main promoter as well as
Chairman and MD, holds 54.78 percent stake, while
all promoters together have 92.74 percent holding in
the company.
17. Coffee Day Enterprises is the parent company of the Coffee
Day Group and operates coffee business through a
subsidiary, Coffee Day Global Ltd (earlier known as
Amalgamated Bean Coffee Trading Company Limited) and
its subsidiaries.
Company is one of the largest exporters of Indian coffee
beans, primarily to Europe, Japan and the Middle East.
Axis Bank, Citigroup Global Markets, Edelweiss Capital,
Kotak Mahindra Capital, Morgan Stanley India and YES
Bank are lead managers of the IPO
18. Issue Detail:
»» Issue Open: Oct 14, 2015 - Oct 16, 2015
»» Issue Type: 100% Book Built Issue IPO
»» Issue Size: Equity Shares of Rs. 10
»» Issue Size: Rs. 1,150.00 Crore
»» Face Value: Rs. 10 Per Equity Share
»» Issue Price: Rs. 316 - Rs. 328 Per Equity Share
»» Market Lot: 45 Shares
»» Minimum Order Quantity: 45 Shares
»» Listing At: BSE, NSE
19. What is depository receipts
““a security designed to make investinga security designed to make investing
outside of one’s home country easieroutside of one’s home country easier
20. Types of ADRs
Non sponsored
•Traded on the OTC market
No formal agreement between bank and company
•The underlying company has no commitment
Sponsored
Varying degrees of commitment a company can make to the DR
Program
21. Level 1 sponsored
One bank acts as a transfer agent for the company
Limited reporting requirements with SEC
Periodic financials not required
Traded on the OTC market
Most common way DRs are sold in the U.S.
22. Level 2 sponsored
Under SEC regulation
Must file form equivalent to the U.S. Form 10-k
annually in compliance with GAAP
Listed on U.S. Stock Exchanges like NYSE,
NASDAQ, and AMEX
Provides more exposure in U.S. markets for
company
23. Level 3 Sponsored
Requirements for listing similar to the strictness of a
U.S. company
Form F-1 required, which resembles the U.S.
prospectus
Registered with SEC
Information on company can be easily found by
investors
Necessary if company intends to issue new shares in
U.S. market
24. What is GDR
A global depository receipt (GDR), also known
as international depository receipt (IDR), is a
certificate issued by a depository bank, which
purchases shares of foreign companies and deposits
it on the account. They are the global equivalent of
the original American depository receipts (ADR) on
which they are based. GDRs represent ownership of
an underlying number of shares of a foreign
company and are commonly used to invest in
companies from developing or emerging markets by
investors in developed markets.
25. Novation Process
When buyer becomes seller and
seller became the buyer all this
process is called as novation
process
26. ADR of HDFC Bank
. HDFC Bank is the second largest private sector
bank in the country (after ICICI Bank) in terms of
asset size. The bank has tripled its share from 1.2% of
total non-food credit in FY02 to 4.2% in FY12. Retail
assets constituted 51.3% of advances in FY12. Its
group companies, HDFC Standard Life (insurance),
HDFC AMC (mutual funds) and HDFC Securities
(equities) add scalability to the bank's offerings
27. HDFC Bank plans to raise Rs1,500-2,000 crore
through domestic institutional investors and the rest
from foreign investors
“The other approval we have got is to come up with a
level 1 American depositary receipt (ADR) which
does not involve the issue of fresh capital. It is just a
conversion of existing equity shares into ADR. It
creates a larger platform of people who can buy the
shares.
28. Under HDFC’s proposed sponsored level 1 ADR
programme, up to 10 per cent of its existing paid-up
capital will be converted into ADRs.
29. (NOV-9/2015)American Depository Receipts of HDFC Bank
Price
(US$)58.88
Open
(US$)59.14
High
(US$)59.79
Low
(US$)58.11
% Change-
0.59
Volume620,772
Value
(US$)36,551,
055
52-Week
H/L65.44 /
47.60
30. Conclusion
Companies come to the stock market in a variety of different ways and for a variety of
reasons.
As a private investor, you can sometimes get an allocation of newly-issued shares, but
often the issue will be confined to institutional investors. With internet shares, and
the movement towards direct online IPOs, this may change for the better.
Most of the time you will be trading in a company's ordinary shares on the secondary
market.
Companies issue other types of share - notably preference shares, convertibles, and
warrants - and even if you don't own them they may have an effect on your dividend
entitlement if they dilute earnings.
A scrip issue is designed to improve marketability of ordinary shares, and does not
dilute your ownership.
A rights issue is designed to raise more money for the company, and existing
shareholders will be invited to buy first. You have a choice about whether to exercise your
rights, but if you do not, your ownership may be diluted.