EOPS_August_28_2017,
Warm air temperatures, abundant sunshine, and drier conditions persisted. River flows are lower in the north. Puget Sound waters are still fresher than in the past 17 years from the combination of abundant spring rain and weak upwelling bringing less salty water from the ocean. July upwelling was stronger, however. Warmer water temperatures are notable in parts of Central Sound, accompanied by large rafts of drifting macroalgae. Diverse blooms in colors of green, orange and red-brown are present in many inlets. Jellyfish abundance is lower this year. Find out how we assess if the benthos is changing.
Ecology Publication No. 17-03-072
EOPS_June_5_2017,
Cooler and wetter conditions early in 2017 have set the stage for a favorable supply of freshwater. River flows are all above normal due to melting of the abundant snowpack from warmer May air temperatures. This is creating significantly fresher conditions in Puget Sound surface waters. Algae blooms are limited to some yellow-green blooms growing in bays near the Kitsap Peninsula and blooms near estuaries of the Skagit, Stillaguamish, and Puyallup Rivers. Red blooms are present in rivers feeding into Willapa Bay. Also see what is “blooming” in the sediments of Puget Sound.
Ecology Publication No. 17-03-070
EOPS_July_20_2016,
Through June, air temperatures and sunlight were higher than normal. Recent rain generally improved river flows. However, the Fraser river flow remains extremely low, reducing water exchange with the ocean. Water temperatures are still breaking records, yet dissolved oxygen levels are normal. Coastal bays are influenced by upwelling and exhibit lower oxygen and higher salinities. Puget Sound algae are thriving with blooms observed in many South Sound inlets. Macro-algae is seen piling up on beaches and drifting in Central Sound. Jellyfish smacks are numerous in Eld and Budd Inlets. Our fliers notice seals hanging out at the beach!
Ecology Publication No. 16-03-075
EOPS_July_24_2017,
July had warm air temperatures, sunshine, and an abundant snowpack. Previous months had higher river flows (bringing freshwater) and weak upwelling (low delivery of saltier water) which resulted in very low salinities in Puget Sound, especially in the South Sound. Water temperatures are expected and warmer in Central Sound. Above normal sunshine has made Puget Sound biologically very active! Intense and unusual blooms color Hood Canal (coccolithophores) and south sound inlets. Large mats of organic material containing macro-algae drift at the surface. Many schools of fish are visible though jellyfish were absent.
Ecology Publication No. 17-03-071
EOPS_September_26_2016,
September is jellyfish season and they are everywhere in southern Puget Sound! Sunny, warm, and dry conditions promoted strong late-summer plankton blooms in colors of red, green, and brown, now widespread in many bays. In contrast, Central Sound looks clear with low algal activity. Southern Puget Sound has large floating mats of organic material and developed lower oxygen in August. Meet the Critter of the Month - The Sweet Potato Sea Cucumber.
Publication No. 16-03-077
EOPS_August_24_2016,
In July, conditions were normalizing, yet river flows remained lower, continuing into August. July also saw lower oxygen appearing in southern Puget Sound. By August, jellyfish are occurring in high numbers in Eld and Budd Inlet. South Puget Sound has Noctiluca drifting at the surface in large orange lines in many places and red-brown blooms widespread in finger inlets, as well as in Sinclair Inlet. Central Sound surface-water temperatures are high, still in the 60s, and algae are abundant. See what we are measuring to understand ocean acidification in Puget Sound.
Publication No. 16-03-076
EOPS_April_6_2016,
Despite warmer air temperatures, normal snowpack in the mountains suggest that summer freshwater flows into Puget Sound might be higher than last year. As of April, the spring plankton bloom has extended across Central and South Puget Sound. Ferry data shows chlorophyll increasing after March 25 and expanding across the area. With water temperatures above normal as a carry-over from 2015, jellyfish patches are numerous in inlets of South Sound and in Sinclair Inlet, unusual for this time of year. Check out the tiny burrowing ostracods as well as our Washington Conservation Corps Intern analyzing seawater oxygen.
Ecology Publication No. 16-03-072
Unusually warm water temperatures continue in central and south Puget Sound. River flows remain lower than normal, especially the Fraser and Skagit rivers. Thus, with estuarine circulation much weaker, Puget Sound waters stay put. Mats of organic debris persist in Central Sound near Port Madison. Red-brown and brown blooms are now very strong in southern inlets and jellyfish patches are exceptionally numerous and large. Explore media coverage of unusual Puget Sound conditions including jellyfish.
EOPS_May_2_2016,
Spring air temperatures are higher - it has been sunny and dry. The snowpack is quickly disappearing as temperatures are up to 7 °F warmer at higher elevations. Snowmelt-fed rivers are running very high. How does this affect water quality in Puget Sound? A strong spring phytoplankton bloom extends across Puget Sound and the Strait of Juan de Fuca. Water temperatures are still higher than normal and jellyfish are already numerous in southern inlets. The high biological activity is causing organic material to drift at the surface and wash onto beaches. Do you know how fast a Sand Star can move?
Ecology Publication No. 16-03-073
EOPS_June_5_2017,
Cooler and wetter conditions early in 2017 have set the stage for a favorable supply of freshwater. River flows are all above normal due to melting of the abundant snowpack from warmer May air temperatures. This is creating significantly fresher conditions in Puget Sound surface waters. Algae blooms are limited to some yellow-green blooms growing in bays near the Kitsap Peninsula and blooms near estuaries of the Skagit, Stillaguamish, and Puyallup Rivers. Red blooms are present in rivers feeding into Willapa Bay. Also see what is “blooming” in the sediments of Puget Sound.
Ecology Publication No. 17-03-070
EOPS_July_20_2016,
Through June, air temperatures and sunlight were higher than normal. Recent rain generally improved river flows. However, the Fraser river flow remains extremely low, reducing water exchange with the ocean. Water temperatures are still breaking records, yet dissolved oxygen levels are normal. Coastal bays are influenced by upwelling and exhibit lower oxygen and higher salinities. Puget Sound algae are thriving with blooms observed in many South Sound inlets. Macro-algae is seen piling up on beaches and drifting in Central Sound. Jellyfish smacks are numerous in Eld and Budd Inlets. Our fliers notice seals hanging out at the beach!
Ecology Publication No. 16-03-075
EOPS_July_24_2017,
July had warm air temperatures, sunshine, and an abundant snowpack. Previous months had higher river flows (bringing freshwater) and weak upwelling (low delivery of saltier water) which resulted in very low salinities in Puget Sound, especially in the South Sound. Water temperatures are expected and warmer in Central Sound. Above normal sunshine has made Puget Sound biologically very active! Intense and unusual blooms color Hood Canal (coccolithophores) and south sound inlets. Large mats of organic material containing macro-algae drift at the surface. Many schools of fish are visible though jellyfish were absent.
Ecology Publication No. 17-03-071
EOPS_September_26_2016,
September is jellyfish season and they are everywhere in southern Puget Sound! Sunny, warm, and dry conditions promoted strong late-summer plankton blooms in colors of red, green, and brown, now widespread in many bays. In contrast, Central Sound looks clear with low algal activity. Southern Puget Sound has large floating mats of organic material and developed lower oxygen in August. Meet the Critter of the Month - The Sweet Potato Sea Cucumber.
Publication No. 16-03-077
EOPS_August_24_2016,
In July, conditions were normalizing, yet river flows remained lower, continuing into August. July also saw lower oxygen appearing in southern Puget Sound. By August, jellyfish are occurring in high numbers in Eld and Budd Inlet. South Puget Sound has Noctiluca drifting at the surface in large orange lines in many places and red-brown blooms widespread in finger inlets, as well as in Sinclair Inlet. Central Sound surface-water temperatures are high, still in the 60s, and algae are abundant. See what we are measuring to understand ocean acidification in Puget Sound.
Publication No. 16-03-076
EOPS_April_6_2016,
Despite warmer air temperatures, normal snowpack in the mountains suggest that summer freshwater flows into Puget Sound might be higher than last year. As of April, the spring plankton bloom has extended across Central and South Puget Sound. Ferry data shows chlorophyll increasing after March 25 and expanding across the area. With water temperatures above normal as a carry-over from 2015, jellyfish patches are numerous in inlets of South Sound and in Sinclair Inlet, unusual for this time of year. Check out the tiny burrowing ostracods as well as our Washington Conservation Corps Intern analyzing seawater oxygen.
Ecology Publication No. 16-03-072
Unusually warm water temperatures continue in central and south Puget Sound. River flows remain lower than normal, especially the Fraser and Skagit rivers. Thus, with estuarine circulation much weaker, Puget Sound waters stay put. Mats of organic debris persist in Central Sound near Port Madison. Red-brown and brown blooms are now very strong in southern inlets and jellyfish patches are exceptionally numerous and large. Explore media coverage of unusual Puget Sound conditions including jellyfish.
EOPS_May_2_2016,
Spring air temperatures are higher - it has been sunny and dry. The snowpack is quickly disappearing as temperatures are up to 7 °F warmer at higher elevations. Snowmelt-fed rivers are running very high. How does this affect water quality in Puget Sound? A strong spring phytoplankton bloom extends across Puget Sound and the Strait of Juan de Fuca. Water temperatures are still higher than normal and jellyfish are already numerous in southern inlets. The high biological activity is causing organic material to drift at the surface and wash onto beaches. Do you know how fast a Sand Star can move?
Ecology Publication No. 16-03-073
EOPS_November_22_2016,
ENSO is in a cold phase (La Niña) and it is wetter and warmer than normal. Strong precipitation in October greatly improved Puget Sound streamflows. At the coast, we had strong downwelling. As a result, water temperatures, salinities, and oxygen in Puget Sound are returning to normal. While surface water in Puget Sound has cooled, it is still warmer than in the Straits. Surprisingly, masses of suspended sediment occurred east of Steamboat Island in Totten Inlet. We continue to see large jellyfish aggregations in finger Inlets of South Sound and slowly fading red-brown blooms.
Publication No. 16-03-078
Dr. Christopher Krembs, with the marine monitoring unit of the Department of Ecology, presented on the warm water conditions in Puget Sound. He discussed the impacts on marine food webs and potential scenarios in 2015. He presented at the June 2015 NRC meeting.
The ocean and air remain warm with sunshine and dry weather across the region. As a result, Puget Sound is a lot warmer going into the new year. Hood Canal is responding with temperatures warmer than previous measurements, breaking its low temperature stint. First signs of growing phytoplankton are coloring the water green. Patches of jellyfish are overwintering in finger inlets of South Sound. Tidal fronts and suspended sediment are visible amidst the stunning San Juan Islands scenery. A sediment-rich water mass is trapped in Rosario Strait. Check out the South Sound Estuarium and the many reasons we love Puget Sound!
EOPS_March_16_2016,
In response to warm and wet conditions, rivers have been running high. Salinity in Puget Sound is notably lower. Below a cooler surface, water temperatures remain high, especially in Hood Canal. We still see numerous jellyfish patches in Puget Sound inlets. Phytoplankton blooms are going strong in Hood Canal and Henderson Inlet, and picking up elsewhere. Many places showed long stretches of suspended sediments nearshore, a sign of potential shore erosion. Check out the critters inhabiting the sediments of Puget Sound.
Ecology Publication No. 16-03-071
EOPS_June_27_2016,
Record-breaking warmer and fresher water in Puget Sound. May-June conditions are more unusual than last year. Recent rain brought river flows close to normal but water exchange in Puget Sound remains weak due to low Fraser River flow. Phytoplankton blooms and organic material are visible in some areas of Central and South Sound but not in others. Noctiluca, while absent in Central Basin, was reported in unusual places. Jelly fish occur only in some south sound bays. Follow our BEACH program kick off, discover the Stinkworm, and find good underwater visibility for diving.
Ecology Publication No. 16-03-074
Lower than expected air temperatures and sunshine are now both increasing; rivers are generally running high. Willapa Bay unfolds its beauty from a bird’s-eye view. The spring phytoplankton bloom is picking up in Puget Sound. A large red-orange-brown bloom persists in southern Hood Canal at a scale sufficient for the MODIS satellite to pick up. Jellyfish are still going strong in southern inlets. Ocean climate indices (PDO, NPGO and Upwelling Index) explain much of the variability in Puget Sound temperature, salt and oxygen. Nutrients, however, are steadily increasing while sub-surface algal pigments (chlorophyll a) are declining!
EOPS_February_8_2016,
January air temperatures and precipitation were above normal as El Nino conditions prevail. This winter our snowpack is in much better shape, though we’ve lost some snow from the stint of warm weather. More rain and higher river flows have lowered salinities in Puget Sound and coastal bays. Nonetheless, water temperatures in Puget Sound remain at record-breaking highs. Jellyfish patches are numerous in finger inlets of South Sound and signs of phytoplankton blooms are visible in coastal bays. When conditions limit flying, Ecology’s research vessel gets the job done.
Publication No. 16-03-070
EOPS_December_30_2015,
The year 2015 in pictures: Jellyfish patches persisted through the entire year in response to the exceptionally warm water caused by the Blob. Sediment loads are high as snow melts fast in the winter of 2015. Unexpected phytoplankton species occur in some bays in spring. Noctiluca, jellyfish and macro-algae appear in high numbers when rivers drop to record-low flows in early summer. Low river flows slow the renewal of in Puget Sound throughout summer and fall and jellyfish patches reach record highs.
Ecology Publication No. 15-03-080
Puget Sound is feeling the heat! Starting in October, temperatures are the highest on our record since 1989. Salinity and oxygen are much lower. Recent rains have rivers flowing high. Aerial views show dramatic sediment loads from rivers mixing into otherwise blue water. But don’t be fooled – by summer, snow-fed rivers are expected to run significantly below normal, with implications for Puget Sound water quality. For details, explore the special Drought Effects segment. Spring blooms are visible only in some confined bays. Jellyfish are going strong in finger inlets of South Sound. Glimpse Puget Sound’s glacial history.
EOPS_December_14_2015,
As coastal and regional conditions gradually normalize in response to a fading Blob and increased rain, the big question remains. Will the snow in the mountains stay there or come down prematurely and lower salinity in Puget Sound like last winter? Cascade snowpack is currently below normal. The El Niño at the equator is still brewing! Major rivers transport large amounts of suspended sediments and soil into Puget Sound, also seen in our ferry sensor data. Our flight team gets in the pool for safety training.
Ecology Publication No. 15-03-079
Air temperatures are warm and Puget Sound continues to show record high water temperatures. Some rain has returned to our region, yet river flows remain unusually low. Puget Sound is saltier than normal allowing oxygen-rich surface waters to more easily mix to greater depths. Lower oxygen was measured only in the Coastal Bays, Hood Canal, and South Sound. Large jellyfish aggregations continue in South Sound, the Kitsap Peninsula, and East Sound (Orcas Island). Sediment plumes in Bellingham Bay form unique patterns. Warm waters and sunny conditions fostered green tides, raising a stink along some local beaches.
Puget Sound is starting to normalize in response to fall conditions with cooler air temperatures, rain, and recovering river flows. We are seeing fewer algal blooms, jellyfish, and macro-algae as salinities become more normal. Yet warm waters persist and El Nino and the Blob are likely to affect Puget Sound throughout the winter. The Nisqually River fared better through the drought than other rivers and best management practices have been improving its water quality. EOPS and ferry monitoring gain recognition with a national award for innovation!
Warm air and water temperatures and offshore winds have persisted since fall. Numerous and sizable jelly fish patches are still present in southern inlets of Puget Sound. Coastal waters were colored in shades of gray to brown by sediment and humic substances. Phytoplankton blooms were restricted to the surf zone. We were treated to artful views of meandering sloughs and gullies on exposed mud flats during low tide in Willapa Bay, interspersed with the geometry of shellfish management. Brown pelicans: a story of recovery.
A stunning view of a second large Noctiluca bloom captures the attention of many living near Puget Sound. Favorable conditions support several regional phytoplankton blooms. Red-brown blooms in Port Townsend, Discovery Bay and Bellingham Bay. Large algal mats or organic material particularly in Samish Bay. Jellyfish patches increasing in Budd, Totten and Eld Inlets.
Windermere Science Project stakeholder meeting presentations.
Jones on changes to the lake physical structure with increasing temperature and the consequences for algal biomass
Talk on
Responses of fish populations to climate forcing across the North Atlantic
in the session
Comparative studies of North Atlantic ecosystems
at the conference
2nd GLOBEC Open Science Meeting Comparative Ecosystems and Climate Change 15-18 October 2002, Qingdao, P. R. China
EOPS_November_22_2016,
ENSO is in a cold phase (La Niña) and it is wetter and warmer than normal. Strong precipitation in October greatly improved Puget Sound streamflows. At the coast, we had strong downwelling. As a result, water temperatures, salinities, and oxygen in Puget Sound are returning to normal. While surface water in Puget Sound has cooled, it is still warmer than in the Straits. Surprisingly, masses of suspended sediment occurred east of Steamboat Island in Totten Inlet. We continue to see large jellyfish aggregations in finger Inlets of South Sound and slowly fading red-brown blooms.
Publication No. 16-03-078
Dr. Christopher Krembs, with the marine monitoring unit of the Department of Ecology, presented on the warm water conditions in Puget Sound. He discussed the impacts on marine food webs and potential scenarios in 2015. He presented at the June 2015 NRC meeting.
The ocean and air remain warm with sunshine and dry weather across the region. As a result, Puget Sound is a lot warmer going into the new year. Hood Canal is responding with temperatures warmer than previous measurements, breaking its low temperature stint. First signs of growing phytoplankton are coloring the water green. Patches of jellyfish are overwintering in finger inlets of South Sound. Tidal fronts and suspended sediment are visible amidst the stunning San Juan Islands scenery. A sediment-rich water mass is trapped in Rosario Strait. Check out the South Sound Estuarium and the many reasons we love Puget Sound!
EOPS_March_16_2016,
In response to warm and wet conditions, rivers have been running high. Salinity in Puget Sound is notably lower. Below a cooler surface, water temperatures remain high, especially in Hood Canal. We still see numerous jellyfish patches in Puget Sound inlets. Phytoplankton blooms are going strong in Hood Canal and Henderson Inlet, and picking up elsewhere. Many places showed long stretches of suspended sediments nearshore, a sign of potential shore erosion. Check out the critters inhabiting the sediments of Puget Sound.
Ecology Publication No. 16-03-071
EOPS_June_27_2016,
Record-breaking warmer and fresher water in Puget Sound. May-June conditions are more unusual than last year. Recent rain brought river flows close to normal but water exchange in Puget Sound remains weak due to low Fraser River flow. Phytoplankton blooms and organic material are visible in some areas of Central and South Sound but not in others. Noctiluca, while absent in Central Basin, was reported in unusual places. Jelly fish occur only in some south sound bays. Follow our BEACH program kick off, discover the Stinkworm, and find good underwater visibility for diving.
Ecology Publication No. 16-03-074
Lower than expected air temperatures and sunshine are now both increasing; rivers are generally running high. Willapa Bay unfolds its beauty from a bird’s-eye view. The spring phytoplankton bloom is picking up in Puget Sound. A large red-orange-brown bloom persists in southern Hood Canal at a scale sufficient for the MODIS satellite to pick up. Jellyfish are still going strong in southern inlets. Ocean climate indices (PDO, NPGO and Upwelling Index) explain much of the variability in Puget Sound temperature, salt and oxygen. Nutrients, however, are steadily increasing while sub-surface algal pigments (chlorophyll a) are declining!
EOPS_February_8_2016,
January air temperatures and precipitation were above normal as El Nino conditions prevail. This winter our snowpack is in much better shape, though we’ve lost some snow from the stint of warm weather. More rain and higher river flows have lowered salinities in Puget Sound and coastal bays. Nonetheless, water temperatures in Puget Sound remain at record-breaking highs. Jellyfish patches are numerous in finger inlets of South Sound and signs of phytoplankton blooms are visible in coastal bays. When conditions limit flying, Ecology’s research vessel gets the job done.
Publication No. 16-03-070
EOPS_December_30_2015,
The year 2015 in pictures: Jellyfish patches persisted through the entire year in response to the exceptionally warm water caused by the Blob. Sediment loads are high as snow melts fast in the winter of 2015. Unexpected phytoplankton species occur in some bays in spring. Noctiluca, jellyfish and macro-algae appear in high numbers when rivers drop to record-low flows in early summer. Low river flows slow the renewal of in Puget Sound throughout summer and fall and jellyfish patches reach record highs.
Ecology Publication No. 15-03-080
Puget Sound is feeling the heat! Starting in October, temperatures are the highest on our record since 1989. Salinity and oxygen are much lower. Recent rains have rivers flowing high. Aerial views show dramatic sediment loads from rivers mixing into otherwise blue water. But don’t be fooled – by summer, snow-fed rivers are expected to run significantly below normal, with implications for Puget Sound water quality. For details, explore the special Drought Effects segment. Spring blooms are visible only in some confined bays. Jellyfish are going strong in finger inlets of South Sound. Glimpse Puget Sound’s glacial history.
EOPS_December_14_2015,
As coastal and regional conditions gradually normalize in response to a fading Blob and increased rain, the big question remains. Will the snow in the mountains stay there or come down prematurely and lower salinity in Puget Sound like last winter? Cascade snowpack is currently below normal. The El Niño at the equator is still brewing! Major rivers transport large amounts of suspended sediments and soil into Puget Sound, also seen in our ferry sensor data. Our flight team gets in the pool for safety training.
Ecology Publication No. 15-03-079
Air temperatures are warm and Puget Sound continues to show record high water temperatures. Some rain has returned to our region, yet river flows remain unusually low. Puget Sound is saltier than normal allowing oxygen-rich surface waters to more easily mix to greater depths. Lower oxygen was measured only in the Coastal Bays, Hood Canal, and South Sound. Large jellyfish aggregations continue in South Sound, the Kitsap Peninsula, and East Sound (Orcas Island). Sediment plumes in Bellingham Bay form unique patterns. Warm waters and sunny conditions fostered green tides, raising a stink along some local beaches.
Puget Sound is starting to normalize in response to fall conditions with cooler air temperatures, rain, and recovering river flows. We are seeing fewer algal blooms, jellyfish, and macro-algae as salinities become more normal. Yet warm waters persist and El Nino and the Blob are likely to affect Puget Sound throughout the winter. The Nisqually River fared better through the drought than other rivers and best management practices have been improving its water quality. EOPS and ferry monitoring gain recognition with a national award for innovation!
Warm air and water temperatures and offshore winds have persisted since fall. Numerous and sizable jelly fish patches are still present in southern inlets of Puget Sound. Coastal waters were colored in shades of gray to brown by sediment and humic substances. Phytoplankton blooms were restricted to the surf zone. We were treated to artful views of meandering sloughs and gullies on exposed mud flats during low tide in Willapa Bay, interspersed with the geometry of shellfish management. Brown pelicans: a story of recovery.
A stunning view of a second large Noctiluca bloom captures the attention of many living near Puget Sound. Favorable conditions support several regional phytoplankton blooms. Red-brown blooms in Port Townsend, Discovery Bay and Bellingham Bay. Large algal mats or organic material particularly in Samish Bay. Jellyfish patches increasing in Budd, Totten and Eld Inlets.
Windermere Science Project stakeholder meeting presentations.
Jones on changes to the lake physical structure with increasing temperature and the consequences for algal biomass
Talk on
Responses of fish populations to climate forcing across the North Atlantic
in the session
Comparative studies of North Atlantic ecosystems
at the conference
2nd GLOBEC Open Science Meeting Comparative Ecosystems and Climate Change 15-18 October 2002, Qingdao, P. R. China
After a dry and sunny summer extending well into October, air temperatures are cooler than normal and precipitation has increased allowing rivers to regain strength. Despite a dry summer, Puget Sound is fresher this year than the past 17 years. As of September, warmer temperatures remained in South Sound. In October, surface water in the Straits however began to cool and the influence of rivers can be seen in our ferry data. Leaves drift on the water in South Sound and smaller blooms are confined to inlets as the productive season winds down. Meet our new intern and discover if Puget Sound really has sea spiders.
Puget Sound conditions are normalizing after seven months of lower oxygen. Calm, dry, cool, and foggy mornings abruptly changed on October 28 to sun and strong northerly winds. Red-brown blooms and abundant jellyfish in south Puget Sound inlets appeared as we flew to the coast. Blooms were still visible near ocean beaches and inner bays. Grays Harbor had abundant surface debris with green algae in North Bay. We spotted red-brown blooms in rivers and sloughs in Willapa Bay, as well as schooling fish near sandbanks. Many patches of suspended sediment appeared in shallow water unrelated to tidal currents and remain unexplained.
River flows are above normal and air temperatures are increasing slowly. The spring phytoplankton bloom is slow to develop with visible blooms limited to smaller bays such as Sequim and Bellingham Bays. Noctiluca observed in East Sound on Orcas Island, coinciding with high numbers of jellyfish. Debris lines are mostly confined to Hood Canal. Pockets of colder water observed in Central Sound and Hood Canal, likely from the colder, saltier conditions that developed during the winter in the northern regions. Oxygen is variable yet close to expected ranges. Sizable oil sheens were sighted in Gig Harbor and Carr Inlet.
Sunshine and warmth continue into September. Upwelling is higher, yet low Fraser River flow reduces the likelihood of low-oxygen water moving into Puget Sound. Dissolved oxygen remains relatively high in Hood Canal and is lower elsewhere. Satellites show relatively warm water in the Strait of Georgia and Whidbey Basin and an extensive offshore bloom. Water temperatures also remain high in South Sound were red-brown plankton blooms and large smacks of jellyfish adorn the water surface. Explore what frequent blooms in smaller bays can tell us.
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
growbilliontrees.com-Trees for Granddaughter (1).pdf
Eops 2017 8_28
1. Surface Conditions Report, August 28, 2017
Eyes Over Puget Sound
Publication No. 17-03-072
Up-to-date observations of water quality conditions in Puget Sound and coastal bays
Start here
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
Critter of the month:
The Common Sun Star
2. Personalimpressions p. 3
How do we know if benthic invertebrate communities are
changing?
Climateinfluences p. 5
Warmair temperatures andabundant sunshine continue,but
river flows are droppingin the Fraser River. Upwellinghas picked
up slightly.
Watercolumn p. 8
Puget Sound is fresher thanit’s ever been the past 17 years.
Warmer temperatures persist aroundWest Point,Elliott and
Commencement Bays.
Aerialphotography p. 11
Large rafts of driftingmacroalgaeinCentral Sound. Diverse
blooms in colors ofgreen,orange andred-brown. Jellyfish
abundance low. Case Inlet withintense bloom.
Streams p. 35
Warmer and drier conditions persisted. Despite a robust
snowpack this spring, the supply of freshwater to Puget Soundis
variable.
LONG-TERMMARINEMONITORINGUNIT
Editorial assistanceprovided by: J. Ruffner, V. Partridge, C. Maloy
Marine conditionsfrom 8-28-2017 at a glance
Dr. Christopher
Krembs (Editor)
Skip Albertson
Julia Bos
Tyler Burks
Jim Shedd
Mya Keyzers
Allison Brownlee
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
p.10
3. Monitoringbenthic invertebrates(benthos) Measuringbiomass and size class
We collect sediment
fromour long-term
monitoring stations
in Puget Sound
using a double van
Veen sediment grab.
We sievethe benthos
fromthe sediment and
preservethem for lab
identification/analysis.
Megafauna!Not all our
critters are as large as
this bloodworm.
Benthos are categorized into
sizeclasses: small, medium,
large, and megafauna.
Measurements will be used to forma Puget Sound
benthic invertebratebiomass baseline, which can
tell us more aboutchange in benthic communities
than abundance data alone. Check out our poster!
Each identified
specimen is
weighed (grams)
and measured
(millimeters).
How do we know if benthic invertebrate communities are changing?
Nicole Marks – Washington Conservation Corps intern
Personal Field ImpressionPersonal Field Impression 8-28-2017
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
4. Critter of the Month – The Common Sun Star
Dany Burgess & Angela Eagleston
Marine Sediment Monitoring Team
Learn moreabout the IceCream Cone Worms and other critters on Ecology’s EcoConnectblog here.
Personal Field ImpressionEyes Under Puget Sound 8-28-2017
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
Fun Sun Star Facts!
• Comes in a variety of colors
and patterns, but almost
always has 11 arms
• Can “smell” its prey using
chemical receptors
• Can shootits stomach out of
its body to digestfood items
that won’tfit into its small
mouth (pictured below)
Crossaster papposus
There’s nothing common about this
month’s solar eclipse-themed critter!
The Common Sun Star may be
beautiful, but it is also a dominant
predator, playing an important role in
Puget Sound benthic communities.
5. Climate Influences leading to 8-28-2017
higher No datalowerexpected
*UpwellingAnomalies (PFEL)
PDO = PacificDecadal Oscillation
NPGO = North Pacific GyreOscillation
ENSO = El Niño Southern Oscillation
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
Climate and naturalinfluences include weather,river flows,andthe adjacent oceanconditions
that affect our marine waters. This graphic provides contextfor interpretingPuget Soundmarine
conditions. All data frompublic sources: weather fromUWGrayskies;river flows fromUSGS and
Environment Canada; indices fromNOAA,UW (PDO),and E. Di Lorenzo (NPGO).
July Summary:
Air temperatures havebeen
mostly above normalsince
May.
Precipitationlevels havebeen
very low.
Sunshine levels havebeen
abovenormal for most of the
summer.
River flows aredropping to
below normal in the Fraser
and SkagitRivers.
Upwelling is slightly above
normal. PDO is trending
down, but still warm-phase.
6. We usea boatand
a chartered float plane
equipped with a CTD
packageto access our
monthly monitoring
stations.
We communicate data
and environmental
marine conditions using:
1. Marine Water
Condition Index
(MWCI)
2. Eyes OverPuget
Sound (EOPS)
3. Anomaliesand
sourcedata
Ourlong-termmarinemonitoringstationsinWashington
Starthere
Isl.
.
Station network of ambient
water quality monitoring stations
San Juan Isl.
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
7. HowwellisPugetSoundexchangingitswater?
Year 2016 had record-breaking globaltemperatures. The year 2017 is looking much better. Fraser River flows
were normalor higher than normal in early June and similar to the year 2014. However, due to weaker than
normal upwellingalongthe coast,we expect that the inflowof low-oxygen,nutrient-rich,saltywater
into Puget Sound has been lower.
The Fraser River is the major driver of estuarine circulation and water exchange with the ocean.
Historically,peaks ofcoastal upwellingand the freshet are in sync.
Wikipedia: The term freshet is mostcommonly used to describe a spring thaw resulting fromsnow and ice
melt in rivers located in the northern latitudes of North America.
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
Higher than normal
Lower than normal
Expected
Fraser River
8. Fresher conditionspersist in summer2017
Explore profiles
at all stations
Expected Temperature Historically Low Salinity
As of July 2017, warmer temperaturepersists in Central Sound with 17-year surfacemaxima
measured near West Point and in Elliott and Commencement Bays. Low salinity persists. A
continued trend of significantly fresher conditions in Puget Sound has been measured since
November, 2016. CentralSound and Hood Canal also show higher DO values continuing into July.
Region
7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Whidbey Basin
Hood Canal
Central Sound
South Sound
Grays Harbor
Willapa Bay
North Sound
San Juan
2015 20152016 2017 2015 20162016 20172017
Higher DO
= higher than expected(>*IQR) = expected(=*IQR) = lowerthan expected(< *IQR)
= higher than previousmeasurements = no data = lowerthan previousmeasurements
*IQR = Interquartile Range (25th – 75th percentiles); n = 17
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
9. a) PacificDecadalOscillationIndex(PDO,temperature) (explanation)
b) UpwellingIndex(anomalies)(Upwelling,low oxygen) (explanation)
c) NorthPacificGyreOscillationIndex(NPGO, productivity) (explanation)
Theoceanaffectswaterquality: OceanClimateIndices
NPGO(x10)
PDO/UpwellingIndex
Three-year running average of PDO, Upwelling, and NPGO index scores
.
Ocean boundaryconditions long-term variability: (a)water is still warm (PDO), (b) upwellingoflow
oxygen and high nutrient ocean water are low (UpwellingIndex anomaly),and (c) surface productivity
alongthe coast is near normal (NPGO).
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
-1.5
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
10. This isa newfeature,andwearesolicitingfeedback (salb461@ecy.wa.gov).
Eventuallywewill featurethemostrecentdata.
visibility
What was the visibility (ft) in the water for divers?
Find depths with high and low visibility
• Best visibility was 39 feetaround Mukilteo.
Seattle and south had lower viz in July.
• Poor visibility occurred in many places to
the south of Seattle, but also in Bellingham
Bay.
• We usetransmissometer readings fromour
CTD packageand convertthem into
horizontalvisibility. See our recent
publication for details: Underwater Visibility
Maps – a Tool for Scuba Divers.
July
Visibility (ft)/depth(ft)
good poor
The divers' page, visibility 8-28-2017
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
Read poster
#) Best Worst
1) 25 / 98 11 / 8
2) 13 / 20 9 / 61
3) 27 / 98 7 / 3
4) 39 / 98 6 / 15
5) 25 / 80 6 / 7
6) 11 / 94 5 / 3
7) 25 / 67 1 / 2
8) 9 / 26 2 / 3
9) 18 / 98 5 / 7
10) 26 / 72 4 / 43
11) 16 / 72 4 / 8
12) 7 / 5 4 / 21
13) 23 / 21 19 / 64
14) 27 / 82 16 / 8
15) 19 / 77 14 / 7
16) 12 / 21 2 / 11
11. Summary: Aerial photography8-28-2017
Start here
BloomDebrisFrontPlume
Red-brownbloomin DyesInlet(OysterBay)
Noctiluca bloomon beach,Portage, VashonIsland
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
Mixing and Fronts:
Tidal fronts in PortMadison, EastPassage, Dalco Passage, Case
and Carr Inlets. Tidal eddy in Dyes Inlet. Internalwaves in Case
Inlet, East Passageand Commencement Bay.
Debris:
Largerafts of macroalgaein large portions of Central Sound.
Organic debris floating at the surfacein Case and Carr Inlets.
Visible blooms:
Green: Northern portions of Case and Carr Inlets.
Orange: Caseand Carr Inlets and Quartermaster Harbor. Some
looking like Noctiluca.
Red-brown: Dyes and Sinclair Inlets; Totten, Eld, Budd and
Henderson Inlets; Carr and Case Inlets; Dalco Passage.
Jellyfish:
Occasionaljellyfish patches limited to Eld Inlet, rarein Budd
Inlet.
Suspendedsediment:
Glacial flour entering with Puyallup River and extending into
EastPassageand Quartermaster Harbor
Large rafts of driftingmacroalgaeinCentral Sound. Diverse blooms inCase andCarrInlets incolors of
green, orange andred-brown. Many red-brownblooms seeninmost inlets of Southand Central Sound.
Jellyfishabundance low,confinedmostly to EldInlet. Orange andgreen blooms couldbe Noctiluca?
12. Strait of
Juan de Fuca
San Juan Islands
Padilla Bay
Main Basin
Hood Canal
Whidbey Basin
Sunny,but wildfires lower visibility.
Flight Information:
Aerial photography
and navigation guide
Flight route
6
1
Observation Maps:
Central Sound
South Sound
12
7
19
16
17
14
3
9
8
10
13
15
20
4
5
11
18
South Sound
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
Tide data(Seattle):
Time Height (ft) High/Low
04:24 AM 1.85 L
11:02 AM 8.77 H
4:30 PM 5.59 L
10:26 PM 9.87 H
2
13. Large rafts of macroalgae.
Location: A. President Point, B. Point Jefferson,Port Madison (CentralSound),12:37 PM.
A.
B.
1 Aerial photography 8-28-2017 Navigate
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
boat
Ship
Ship
President
Point
PointJefferson
macroalgae
macroalgae
macroalgae
macroalgae
macroalgae
macroalgae
14. Large rafts of macroalgae.
Location: Off Point Monroe,Port Madison (Central Sound),12:41 PM.
2 NavigateAerial photography 8-28-2017
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
Debris
Debris
Point Monroe
15. 3 NavigateAerial photography 8-28-2017
Large red-brown bloom and large tidal eddy.
Location: Erland Point,Dyes Inlet (Central Sound),12:48 PM.
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
Bloom
boat
Debris
Erland Point
16. 4 NavigateAerial photography 8-28-2017
Large red-brown bloom and front.
Location: Elwood Point,Dyes Inlet (Central Sound),12:49 PM.
Elwood Point
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
Bloom
boat
Debris
17. 5 NavigateAerial photography 8-28-2017
Red-brown bloom mixedin with water colored in green-ochre.
Location: Sinclair Inlet (Central Sound),12:52 PM.
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
Bloom
boat
18. Greenbloom.
Location: North Bay, Case Inlet (South Sound),12:59 PM.
6 NavigateAerial photography 8-28-2017
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
Bloom
Bloom
boat
Bloom
19. Noctiluca bloom mixedin with green bloom along tidal front.
Location: Off Stretch Island, Case Inlet (South Sound), 1:03 PM.
7 NavigateAerial photography 8-28-2017
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
Bloom
boat
Debris
Bloom
Bloom
Bloom
20. Red-brown bloom, suspended sediment.
Location: Burns Point,Totten Inlet (South Sound),1:15 PM.
8 NavigateAerial photography 8-28-2017
Burns Point
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
Bloom
boat
21. Red-brown bloom and occasional jellyfishpatches.
Location: Eld Inlet (South Sound),1:18 PM.
9 NavigateAerial photography 8-28-2017
jellyfish
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
Bloom
boat
jellyfish
jellyfish
23. NavigateAerial photography 8-28-2017
Organic material accumulating at tidal fronts.
Location: Balch Passage (South Sound),1:27 PM.
11
Debris
Debris
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
boat
Debris
boat
24. NavigateAerial photography 8-28-2017
Organic material accumulating at tidal front next to intense green and orange bloom.
Location: Off Samego Point,McNeil Island,Carr Inlet (South Sound),1:32 PM.
12
Debris
Debris
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
Bloom
boat
25. NavigateAerial photography 8-28-2017
Organic material accumulating at tidal front next to intense green and orange bloom.
Location: Off Samego Point,McNeil Island,Carr Inlet (South Sound),1:32 PM.
13
Debris
Debris
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
Bloom
boat
26. NavigateAerial photography 8-28-2017
Internal waves forming in near-surface green and orange bloom.
Location: Carr Inlet (South Sound),1:33 PM.
14
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
Bloom
internal waves
27. NavigateAerial photography 8-28-2017
Orange and green near-surface blooms meetingat front.
Location: Fox Island, Carr Inlet (South Sound),1:33 PM.
15
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
Bloom
Bloom boat
28. NavigateAerial photography 8-28-2017
Red-brown bloom and organic material accumulating at fronts.
Location: Cutts Island, Carr Inlet (South Sound),1:36 PM.
16
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
Bloom
boat
Debris
Debris
Cutts Island
29. NavigateAerial photography 8-28-2017
Macroalgae accumulating at tidal front. To the right, red-brown bloom.
Location: Off Gig Harbor, Case Inlet (Central Sound), 1:41 PM.
17
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
Bloom
boat
Gig Harbor
macroalgae
30. NavigateAerial photography 8-28-2017
Large rafts of macroalgae accumulating along front. Plume of Puyallup River extendingnorth.
Location: Off Maury Island (Central Sound),1:45 PM.
18
Maury Island
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
boat
macroalgae
macroalgae
macroalgae
macroalgae
Plume
internal waves
31. NavigateAerial photography 8-28-2017
Rafts of macroalgae accumulating along front. Plume of Puyallup River extendinginto Quartermaster
Harbor. Location: Entrance ofQuartermaster Harbor (Central Sound), 1:46 PM.
19
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
Bloom
boat
Maury IslandVashon Island
macro algae
macroalgae
Plume
32. NavigateAerial photography 8-28-2017
An urban waterway without oil sheens.A good day!
Location: Salmon Bay,Seattle (Central Sound),2:00 PM.
20
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
33. Hood Canal Central Sound
Numbers on map refer to picture numbers for spatial reference
Date: 8-28-2017
Qualitative aerial observer map Navigate
Numbers on map refer to picture numbers for spatial reference
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
1
2
3
5
4
20
19
18
17
n.a.
34. Date: 8-28-2017
Qualitative aerial observer map
Numbers on map refer to picture numbers for spatial reference
Navigate
South Sound
15
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
14
8
7
10
12
6
11
9
13
16 17
35. Snowpack and stream flows are variable
Tyler Burks,
Jim Shedd
Ecology
Warmer and drier conditions persisted in western WA. Despite a robustsnowpack
this spring, the supply of freshwater to Puget Sound is somewhatvariable. The
Skagit, Snohomish, and Stillaguamish Rivers are below normal due to a lack of
precipitation. Rivers of south Puget Sound and fromthe Olympic Mountains are
generally flowing normal to below normal.
https://wrcc.dri.edu/anom/was_anom.html
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams
37. You may subscribe or unsubscribe to the Eyes Over Puget Sound email listservby going to:
http://listserv.wa.gov/cgi-bin/wa?A0=ECOLOGY-EYES-OVER-PUGET-SOUND
Many thanks to our business partners: Clipper Navigation,SwantownMarina,andKenmore Air.
Contact:
Dr. ChristopherKrembs, ckre461@ecy.wa.gov
Marine Monitoring Unit
Environmental AssessmentProgram
WA Departmentof Ecology
Recommended Citation: Washington State Department of Ecology. 2017. EyesOver
PugetSound, Surface ConditionsReport, August28, 2017. Ecology PublicationNo.
17-03-072. https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/publications/documents/1703072.pdf
Summary Field log Critter Climate Water column Aerial photos Streams