Environmental legislations in pakista
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The document discusses environmental legislation in Pakistan. It outlines that the 1973 constitution included environmental pollution and ecology in the concurrent legislative list, empowering both national and provincial governments to create laws. Key pieces of legislation mentioned include the Pakistan Environmental Protection Act of 1997, which established the Pakistan Environmental Protection Council and provincial environmental protection agencies. The act also defines regulations around industrial effluents and emissions. National environmental quality standards were established in 1993 to govern areas like water, air, and noise pollution.
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The National Environmental Policy of Pakistan aims to protect the country's environment through sustainable development in order to improve citizens' quality of life. Its objectives include conserving environmental resources, integrating environmental considerations into policymaking, building governmental capacity for environmental management, meeting international obligations, and raising public awareness. The policy addresses issues like water, air, waste, forestry, biodiversity, climate change, energy, agriculture, and disasters. It will be implemented through development planning, legislation, capacity development, economic instruments, education, and public-private partnerships. A committee will monitor progress biannually.
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The document discusses environmental laws, rules, and regulations in Pakistan. It begins by defining laws, rules, and regulations. It then outlines key environmental institutions in Pakistan and sources of environmental law. It proceeds to discuss specific laws and policies related to timber and forests, fisheries, wildlife and flora, protected areas, and freshwater. It outlines several important acts that establish frameworks for managing these areas, including the Pakistan Environmental Protection Act of 1997, Forest Act of 1927, and Canal and Drainage Act of 1873. However, it notes that overall environmental law in Pakistan is scattered and that there is no comprehensive federal legislation for many areas.
Pakistan environmental protection act, 1997
The Pakistan Environmental Protection Act of 1997 provides the framework for protecting the environment in Pakistan. Some key points:
- It established the Pakistan Environmental Protection Council (PEPC) chaired by the Prime Minister to coordinate environmental policy.
- It created the Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (Pak-EPA) headed by a Director General to implement environmental policies and standards.
- It requires projects to complete an Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) or Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and get approval.
- It prohibits the import of hazardous waste and handling of hazardous substances without a license.
- It establishes environmental tribunals to adjudicate environmental offenses, which are punishable by fines or imprisonment.
Pakistan environmental protection act 1997
The Pakistan Environmental Protection Act of 1997 (PEPA 1997) was enacted to provide for the protection, conservation, rehabilitation and improvement of Pakistan's environment. It established regulations for environmental impact assessments, prohibitions on importing hazardous waste, and penalties for violations. PEPA 1997 formed the Pakistan Environmental Protection Council and environmental tribunals to help enforce the act and provide relief for environmental damages. It also requires proponents of projects that could harm the environment to file initial environmental examinations with regulatory agencies.
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The document discusses environmental law in Pakistan. It provides definitions of environmental law and discusses its purpose of protecting the environment from pollution and conserving natural resources like air, water, land, and wildlife. It outlines Pakistan's key environmental laws like the Pakistan Environmental Protection Act of 1997. It also discusses the Pakistan Environmental Protection Council and Agency, which are responsible for implementing environmental regulations. Barriers to enforcing environmental laws in Pakistan include a lack of awareness, funding, and political support.
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The document discusses environmental laws, rules, and regulations in Pakistan. It begins by defining laws, rules, and regulations. It then outlines key environmental institutions in Pakistan and sources of environmental law. It proceeds to discuss specific laws and policies related to timber and forests, fisheries, wildlife and flora, protected areas, and freshwater. It outlines several important acts that establish frameworks for managing these areas, including the Pakistan Environmental Protection Act of 1997, Forest Act of 1927, and Canal and Drainage Act of 1873. However, it notes that overall environmental law in Pakistan is scattered and that there is no comprehensive federal legislation for many areas.
Pakistan environmental protection act, 1997
The Pakistan Environmental Protection Act of 1997 provides the framework for protecting the environment in Pakistan. Some key points:
- It established the Pakistan Environmental Protection Council (PEPC) chaired by the Prime Minister to coordinate environmental policy.
- It created the Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (Pak-EPA) headed by a Director General to implement environmental policies and standards.
- It requires projects to complete an Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) or Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and get approval.
- It prohibits the import of hazardous waste and handling of hazardous substances without a license.
- It establishes environmental tribunals to adjudicate environmental offenses, which are punishable by fines or imprisonment.
Pakistan environmental protection act 1997
The Pakistan Environmental Protection Act of 1997 (PEPA 1997) was enacted to provide for the protection, conservation, rehabilitation and improvement of Pakistan's environment. It established regulations for environmental impact assessments, prohibitions on importing hazardous waste, and penalties for violations. PEPA 1997 formed the Pakistan Environmental Protection Council and environmental tribunals to help enforce the act and provide relief for environmental damages. It also requires proponents of projects that could harm the environment to file initial environmental examinations with regulatory agencies.
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The document discusses environmental law in Pakistan. It provides definitions of environmental law and discusses its purpose of protecting the environment from pollution and conserving natural resources like air, water, land, and wildlife. It outlines Pakistan's key environmental laws like the Pakistan Environmental Protection Act of 1997. It also discusses the Pakistan Environmental Protection Council and Agency, which are responsible for implementing environmental regulations. Barriers to enforcing environmental laws in Pakistan include a lack of awareness, funding, and political support.
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Environmental governance in Pakistan has gone through several phases of development. Key events include the establishment of the Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency in 1983, the formulation of the National Conservation Strategy in 1992, and the enactment of the Pakistan Environmental Protection Act in 1997. Following the 18th amendment to the constitution in 2010, environmental protection responsibilities were devolved to the provinces, each of which then established their own environmental protection acts after 2011. The timeline outlines the progression of environmental policies, regulations, and institutions over time at both the national and provincial levels in Pakistan.
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Here is a draft clause to address the issue of bogus Khadi units operating in India and claiming rebates from the Government of India under the existing Industrial Policy of India:
To promote authentic Khadi production and curb the operation of bogus Khadi units, the following measures shall be introduced:
1. The Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC) will establish strict criteria for Khadi production units to be recognized as authentic producers eligible for Government rebates and incentives. These may include parameters around raw material sourcing, production processes, record keeping, etc.
2. All existing and new Khadi production units must register with KVIC and satisfy the recognition criteria to be able to claim any
Enviornmental protection Act 1986
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Environment protection act
The document summarizes the Environment Protection Act of 1986 and the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981 in India. The key points are:
1) The Environment Protection Act was introduced after the Bhopal gas tragedy to provide for protecting and improving the environment and preventing environmental pollution.
2) The Air Act aims to protect air quality and public health while allowing industry to choose how to meet pollution standards.
3) Both acts empower regulatory boards and agencies to establish standards, monitor pollution levels, declare air pollution control areas, and penalize non-compliance.
Environmental issues of Pakistan by By MUHAMMAD FAHAD ANSARI 12 IEEM 14
Environmental issues are affecting Pakistan, including air pollution, water pollution, global warming, and overpopulation. Air pollution is a major problem, as the average person inhales 20,000 liters of air daily and risks inhaling dangerous chemicals. Air pollution has both natural and human-based sources, with humans being the main drivers through industrialization, population growth, and globalization. The effects of air pollution are significant, harming humans, animals, plants, and the environment through damage to the respiratory system.
Components of environment
The document discusses the key components of the environment - air, water, and soil. It provides details on:
1) The composition of air and its importance for supporting life through oxygen and carbon dioxide.
2) The distribution and sources of water on Earth, including surface water, groundwater, and desalination. Water is essential for agriculture, drinking, washing, fire extinction, recreation, and industrial applications.
3) The importance of soil in supporting plant and animal life, and ultimately human life. Soil properties like color and texture impact its ability to sustain growth.
What is Environment? Types and components of environment.
The document discusses the key topics of environment, types of environment, and factors of environmental change. It defines environment as everything that surrounds us, including natural components like air, water, soil, and biotic factors like plants, animals and decomposers. There are two main types of environment - natural environments where organisms live naturally, and man-made environments like cities, farms, and industries. Factors causing environmental changes include deforestation, pollution, climate change, and human activities that release greenhouse gases and increase ocean acidification.
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Environmental issues of Pakistan by By MUHAMMAD FAHAD ANSARI 12 IEEM 14
Environmental issues of Pakistan by By MUHAMMAD FAHAD ANSARI 12 IEEM 14
What is Environment? Types and components of environment.
What is Environment? Types and components of environment.
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Unit 1 (b) legal framework for env plan.pptx
The document summarizes key Indian environmental protection legislation covering water, air, forests/wildlife, and general environmental protection. It discusses acts that establish pollution control standards and authorities, protect ecosystems and wildlife, regulate industrial impacts, and enable India's participation in international agreements on issues like ozone depletion, climate change, and biodiversity conservation. The legislation framework seeks to balance environmental protection and sustainable development.
Environment protection act
The Environment Protection Act was passed in 1986 to provide a framework for coordinated environmental protection activities across India. It established the Central Government as the primary authority over environmental protection, empowering it to coordinate state governments, establish standards, and regulate pollution control. It also implemented stringent penalties for violations including fines and imprisonment. The Act serves as an umbrella legislation covering various environmental rules and is aimed at protecting and improving the overall environment in India.
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The Environment Protection Act was passed in 1986 to provide a framework for coordinated environmental protection activities across India. It established the Central Government as the primary authority overseeing environmental protection. The Act gives the Central Government powers to coordinate actions, establish standards, restrict polluting industries, and enforce penalties. It also created umbrella legislation allowing subsequent rules to be enacted covering specific environmental issues like waste management, pollution control, and environmental clearances. The Act was motivated by the 1984 Bhopal gas tragedy and aimed to prevent future environmental disasters through stringent regulations and enforcement.
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The document summarizes India's major environmental laws and acts established since the late 19th century. It outlines laws related to protection of forests and wildlife (1827, 1972), water quality (1882, 1974), air pollution (1981, 1987), hazardous waste (1986, 1989), and biological diversity (2002). The Environment Protection Act of 1986 acts as an umbrella legislation, and penalties are established for non-compliance under various acts. The objective of these laws is to protect the environment, conserve natural resources, and control different forms of pollution.
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The document summarizes India's major environmental laws and acts established since the late 19th century. It outlines laws related to protection of forests and wildlife (1827, 1972), water quality (1882, 1974), air pollution (1981, 1987), hazardous waste (1986, 1989), and biological diversity (2002). The Environment Protection Act of 1986 acts as an umbrella legislation, and penalties are established for non-compliance under various acts. The objective of these laws is to protect and improve environmental quality in India.
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The document summarizes the key aspects of the Environment Protection Act and Rules of 1986 in India. It describes how the Act was passed in response to growing environmental degradation and the Bhopal gas tragedy. The Act provides a framework for coordinating central and state authorities to protect the environment. It defines key terms, establishes standards for pollution control, allows for inspections and penalties, and is an umbrella legislation covering various environmental rules. The document outlines the objectives and outcomes of the 1972 Stockholm Conference that influenced environmental legislation in India.
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This document summarizes key environmental laws and legislations in India related to forests, wildlife, water, air and the overall environment. It discusses acts established between 1927-2002 to regulate and protect these natural resources. Penalties for violating provisions include imprisonment of up to 7 years and fines. The Central Pollution Control Board was established in 1974 to monitor pollution and enforce environmental standards.
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The Environmental Protection Act of 1986 is India's primary environmental legislation. It gives the central government sweeping powers to protect and improve environmental quality by setting ambient standards, regulating industrial siting, and managing hazardous substances. It also provides authorities with enforcement powers and allows for citizen suits. However, the government has failed to fully utilize these powers, such as by not collecting necessary pollution samples and developing mass transit systems. The act aims to coordinate regulatory agencies and provide deterrent punishments for environmental offenses.
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This document provides an overview of environmental laws in India. It defines environment according to the Environmental Protection Act of 1986. It also discusses the constitutional provisions related to environmental protection in India. The major environmental laws in India are outlined, including the Water Act, Air Act, Environment Protection Act, Forest Conservation Act, Wildlife Protection Act, and others. Penalties for violations are also summarized for some of the key laws. The document aims to give a broad introduction to India's legal framework for environmental protection.
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In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
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一比一原版西澳大学毕业证学历证书如何办理
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留信网认证的作用:
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2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
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8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
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留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
学校原版(unuk学位证书)英国牛津布鲁克斯大学毕业证硕士文凭原版一模一样
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【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信bwp0011】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信bwp0011】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
Biomimicry in agriculture: Nature-Inspired Solutions for a Greener Future
Presentation made for the Webinar Series on Biomimicry for sustainability on 1st June 2024 organized by Green Building Council Sri Lanka
快速办理(Calabria毕业证书)卡拉布里亚大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
原件一模一样【微信：bwp0011】《(Calabria毕业证书)卡拉布里亚大学毕业证》【微信：bwp0011】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问微bwp0011
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【微bwp0011】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微bwp0011】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
原版制作(Manitoba毕业证书)曼尼托巴大学毕业证学位证一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(Manitoba毕业证书)曼尼托巴大学毕业证学位证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
按照学校原版(UAL文凭证书)伦敦艺术大学毕业证快速办理
挂科购买【(UAL毕业证书)伦敦艺术大学毕业证】【176555708微信号】留学假毕业证成绩单、外壳、offer、留信学历认证（永久存档真实可查）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【我们承诺采用的是学校原版纸张（纸质、底色、纹路），我们拥有全套进口原装设备，特殊工艺都是采用不同机器制作，仿真度基本可以达到100%，所有工艺效果都可提前给客户展示，不满意可以根据客户要求进行调整，直到满意为止！】
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信176555708】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信176555708】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
留信网服务项目：
1、留学生专业人才库服务（留信分析）
2、国（境）学习人员提供就业推荐信服务
3、留学人员区块链存储服务
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：客户在留信官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
原版制作(Newcastle毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(Newcastle毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Environment Conservation Rules 2023 (ECR)-2023.pptx
Bangladesh Environment Conservation Rules 2023 (ECR-2023).
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...
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The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...
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Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
Lessons from operationalizing integrated landscape approaches
Presented by James Reed at "9th Landscape Sustainability Science Forum" on 11 May 2024
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Environmental legislations in pakista
- 2. Prepared By Raheela Shabbir & Aneela Undleeb
- 3. Policy Framework • The 1973 Constitution of Pakistan had included the subject of Environmental Pollution and Ecology in the concurrent legislative list. The parliament and provincial governments were empowered to formulate necessary laws under Article 142 • Government of Pakistan (GOP) has announced the National Environmental Policy in the year 2005
- 4. Institutional Setup • PEPC (Pakistan Environmental Protection Council), it was established in 1998, under the provisions of Pakistan Environmental Protection Act (PEPA), 1997. • Environmental Protection Agencies has been established at the federal level as well as provincial level. National Environmental Coordination Committee Pak EPA has established the National Environmental Coordination Committee dated 24 December 1998.
- 5. Legislative Framework • PEPO (Pakistan Environmental Protection Ordinance) had been enforced in the year 1983 • Pak EPA with prior approval of the PEPC, established and issued NEQS dated 24 August 1993. These NEQS were related to municipal and liquid industrial effluents, industrial gaseous emissions and motor vehicle exhaust and noise
- 6. Conti… • Pakistan National Conservation Strategy (PNCS), 1992 was prepared jointly by the Federal Ministry of Environment and the Conservation Union (IUCN). Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, (PEPA) 1997 stands at the apex of statutory law on environmental issues in Pakistan Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) for Pakistan was prepared in 2000 To resettle and compensate people displaced by the development projects, the GOP has issued the Project Implementation and Resettlement of Affected Persons Ordinance, 2001
- 7. Sector wise legislation 1 Environmental protection The Pakistan Penal Code (1860) Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997 2 Land use The Land Improvement Loans Act (1883) The West Pakistan Agricultural Pests Ordinance (1959) and Rules (1960) The Sindh Local Government Ordinance The Sindh Salinity Control and Reclamation Act (1988). he Regulation of Mines and Oil-Fields and Mineral Development (Government Control) Act, 1946. 3 Water quality and resources The Pakistan Penal Code (1860) The Canal and Drainage Act (1873) The Factories Act (1934) The Sindh Local Government Ordinance (1979/80) On-Farm Water Management and Water Users’ Associations Ordinance (1981) Indus River Water Apportionment Accord (1991) 4 Air quality The Pakistan Penal Code (1860) The Factories Act (1934) The Motor Vehicles Ordinance (1965) and Rules (1969) The Sindh Local Government Ordinance (1979/80) 5 Noise The West Pakistan Regulation and Control of Loudspeakers and Sound Amplifiers Ordinance (1965) The Motor Vehicle Ordinance (1965) and Rules (1969) NEQS, 2000
- 8. Sector wise legislation 6 Toxic or hazardous substance The Pakistan Penal Code (1890) The Explosives Act (1884) The Factories Act (1934) The Agricultural Pesticides Ordinance (1971) and Rules (1973) 7 Solid wastes and effluents The Factories Act (1934) The Sindh Local Government Ordinance (1979/80)Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997 8 Forest conservation The Forest Act (1927) The West Pakistan Firewood and Charcoal (Restrictions) Act (1964) The Cutting of Trees (Prohibition) Act (1975) The Sindh Management of Protected Forests Rules (1975) The Sindh Local Government Ordinance (1979/80) The Sindh Forest Development Corporation Ordinance (1980) 9 Parks and wildlife conservation protection The West Pakistan Ordinance (1959) The Sindh Wildlife (Protection Preservation Conservation and Management) Act (1975) and Rules (1976) Sindh Local Government Ordinance (1979/80)Export and Control Order (1982)
- 9. PAKISTAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT 1997 The PEPA’ 1997 provides • The framework for implementation of NCS • Establishment of Provincial Sustainable development Funds • Protection and Conservation of species • Conservation of renewable resources • Establishment of Environmental Tribunals and appointment of Environmental Magistrates • Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) • Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) http://hmazeem.blogspot.com/2013/05/pakistan-environmental-protection-act.html
- 10. PEPA 1997 Section 11:Prohibition of Certain Discharges or Emissions o Subsection 1: o Under the provisions of this Act: “The rules and regulations made there under no person shall discharge or emit or allow the discharge or emission of any effluent or waste or air pollutant or noise in an amount which is in excess of NEQS Standards” NEQs which are established under sub-clause (i) of clause (g) of sub-section (1) of section 6.
- 11. PEPA 1997 Section15: Regulation of Motor Vehicles o Sub section (1) “Subject to the provisions of this Act and the rules and regulations made there under, no person shall operate a motor vehicle from which air pollutants or noise are being emitted in an amount, concentration or level which is in excess of the National Environmental Quality Standards” OR “where applicable the standards established under clause (g) of sub-section (1) of section 6” PEPA 1997 (Guzzete I)
- 12. PEPA 1997 Section16: Environmental Protection Order Subsection(1) Where the Federal Agency or a Provincial Agency is satisfied that the discharge or emission of any effluent, waste, air pollutant or noise, or the disposal of waste, or the handling of hazardous substances, or any other act or omission is likely to occur, or is occurring or has occurred in violation of the provisions of this Act,
- 13. Section 16 Conti…. Federal Agency may, by order direct such person to take such measures that the Federal Agency or Provincial Agency may consider necessary within such period as may be specified in the order. such measures may be included in clauses (a), (b), (c), (d) of subsection 2 of section 16
- 14. PEPA 1997 Section (13) Prohibition of Import of Hazardous Waste “No person shall import hazardous waste into Pakistan and its territorial waters, Exclusive Economic Zone and historic waters”