Environmental Justice: History, Evolution, & Policy
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In this presentation before the City of Jacksonville's Special Committee on Resiliency, I discuss the origins of the environmental justice movement in the United States, describe how the concept evolved in academic literature, and provide examples of policies that promote the multi-faceted concept of environmental justice.
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It is no longer possible to treat ecology and politics as separate spheres. The institutions that matter most are no longer specifically environmental but rather are the core institutions that govern or at least seek to govern the workings of the world politics and economy. A major focus is actually the integration of environmental concerns into the sphere of economic planning and policy making rather than the development of an entirely separate thus peripheral sphere (Maigua & Musyimi, n.d.).
This study therefore aims to make a critical analysis of some important aspects regarding the political ecology of environmental management. Political ecology informs political makers and organizations about the complexities surrounding environment and development thereby contributing to better environmental governance. It helps understand the decisions that communities make about the natural environment in the context of their political environment, economic pressures and societal regulations. Political ecology also looks at how unequal relations in and among societies affects the environment especially in the context of government policy (Grieber, 2009).
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It is no longer possible to treat ecology and politics as separate spheres. The institutions that matter most are no longer specifically environmental but rather are the core institutions that govern or at least seek to govern the workings of the world politics and economy. A major focus is actually the integration of environmental concerns into the sphere of economic planning and policy making rather than the development of an entirely separate thus peripheral sphere (Maigua & Musyimi, n.d.).
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1) Details about the course such as the coordinator, schedule, learning outcomes, and topics to be covered on the history and principles of environmental law.
2) Descriptions of key concepts in environmental law like definitions of environment, law, and environmental law. It also discusses important policy principles.
3) An overview of Fiji's environmental challenges including degradation of land and marine resources, coastal development issues, water and sanitation problems, urban waste management issues, and climate change impacts. The role of Fiji's Department of Environment is also summarized.
ISDRArticle
The document provides background on a case study of the Central Puget Sound region in advancing green urbanism. It summarizes literature on factors that influence sustainable development planning at the local and regional level. It then describes the research methods used for the case study, which included a review of regional planning documents and interviews with stakeholders from public, private, and nonprofit sectors across multiple scales. Finally, it provides context about the Central Puget Sound region, noting its high risk, low stress, and high opportunity characteristics according to prior research.
Cbemn 2
This presentation is an overview of the Community-Based Environmental Monitoring Network (CBEMN) at Saint Mary's University. The CBEMN assists community groups in monitoring, networking, and in resolving environmental issues.
Community Participation in Decision-Making Evidence from an experiment in pro...
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A long-standing, influential hypothesis in the academic literature and in policy is that participation in decision-making by intended bene ciaries of local public good provision programs improves the outcomes of those programs. This paper presents the rst experimental evidence on the e ect of transferring decision-making authority to targeted bene ciaries on the impact of a local public good provision program. We randomly assigned participatory and non-participatory decision-making structures to communities who received an otherwise identical intervention, a package of technical advices and subsidies to improve access to safe drinking water. Participation in decision-making resulted in larger reported increases in access to safe drinking water, but only when we imposed rules on the decision-making process that were designed to limit the appropriation of project bene ts by elite or influential groups or individuals. Villages in which communities participated in decision-making under rules designed to prevent appropriation reported a signi cantly greater increase in access to safe drinking water (an increase of 25%) relative to villages in which project sta took decisions (14%). In villages in which the communities participated in decisionmaking without imposed rules, the change in access to safe drinking water was the same (14%) as in villages in which project sta took decisions. We conclude that participation can improve the impact of local public good provision programs in economically important respects; that the risk of appropriation in this context was real and signi cant, and that the rules we applied to limit appropriation { minimum representation requirements and decision by unanimous consensus - were eff ective in accomplishing their objective.2 C Es Ej And The Law [Autosaved]
The document discusses various laws and policies related to environmental justice in the United States. It outlines that while there is still limited "hard" environmental justice law, agencies have concerns about the sources of their authority to address environmental justice issues. It also summarizes different types of laws - public administration laws like FOIA, environmental laws like the Clean Air Act, and civil rights laws like Title VI - and how advocates have used provisions in these laws to advance environmental justice.
Action plans for climate ethics 2007
The document discusses several international frameworks and conferences related to climate change, sustainable development, and human rights. It summarizes the goals and outcomes of conferences such as the 1992 UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, the 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development, and the 2009 UN Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen. It also outlines some principles of climate ethics and justice, and examples of climate justice actions and sub-national level actions being taken to address climate change.
The Genomics Policy Process
1) The document discusses the need for a three-level strategy to form partnerships between citizens, experts, and policymakers in developing genomics policy. This includes education, engagement, and consultation.
2) It presents Geneforum's process as a model for this, which uses community dialogue, expert knowledge, and democratic processes to develop public policy that incorporates both facts and societal values.
3) Developing robust public engagement and citizen participation is key to replacing top-down policymaking with more democratic approaches in this new era of genomic science.
The Genomics Policy Process w/Notes
1) The document discusses the need for a three-level strategy to form partnerships between citizens, experts, and policymakers in developing genomics policy. This involves education, engagement, and consultation.
2) It presents Geneforum's model which separates facts provided by experts from values identified by citizens to help policymakers develop policies.
3) Several examples are given of committees and processes that have been established in different jurisdictions to better incorporate public values and input into genomics policy development.
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在线办理(lboro毕业证书)拉夫堡大学毕业证学历证书一模一样
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留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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原件一模一样【微信：6496090】【(UMTC毕业证书)明尼苏达大学双城分校毕业证成绩单学位证】【微信：6496090】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
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二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微信：6496090】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
学历顾问：微信：6496090
Overview of the Global Peatlands Assessment
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Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...
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Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
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Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
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In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
How about Huawei mobile phone-www.cfye-commerce.shop
How about Huawei mobile phone-www.cfye-commerce.shop
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies.
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies. With over 4000 installations worldwide, EPCON has been pioneering new techniques since 1977 that have become industry standards now. Founded in 1977, Epcon has grown from a one-man operation to a global leader in developing and manufacturing innovative air pollution control technology and industrial heating equipment.
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Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies.
Environmental Justice: History, Evolution, & Policy
- 1. Environmental Justice: History, Evolution, & Policy Dr. Josh Gellers COJ Special Cmte on Resiliency December 11, 2020 Illustration: Erin Dunn
- 2. 1
- 3. Photo: Bettman/Getty Images 1982: Warren County, North Carolina 2
- 4. “Race proved to be the most significant among variables tested in association with the location of commercial hazardous waste facilities. This represented a consistent national pattern” (xiii). Photo: Salwan Georges/Detroit Free Press 3
- 5. Principles of Environmental Justice (1991) 4
- 6. Principles of Environmental Justice (1991), cont’d 5
- 7. Environmental Racism Environmental Equity Environmental Justice How EJ Evolved + Gender and Social Class + Equality and Equity 6
- 8. Distribution Participation Recognition Capabilities Environmental Justice Social Justice Climate Justice Energy Justice Food Justice Housing Justice Transportation Justice EJ Today 7
- 9. Monitoring EJ at Home Source: EPA EJSCREEN Tool 8
- 10. Monitoring EJ Abroad Source: EJ Atlas 9
- 11. General Policy Recommendations Take a holistic approach to defining and implementing EJ (Adamkiewicz et al. 2011; Gellers 2016) Recognize differences in the kinds of environmental injustices experienced across the community Mainstream EJ principles into government functions and policies Adopt a right to environmental information (Gellers and Jeffords 2018) and a right to contribute to environmental information (Suman 2020; Formosa Plastics case) Provide multiple avenues for participating in environmental decision-making (Gellers 2016) 10
- 12. Policy Example I: Distribution • “…shall not consider complete for review any application for a permit for a new facility or for the expansion of an existing facility, or any application for the renewal of an existing facility's major source permit, if the facility is located, or proposed to be located, in whole or in part, in an overburdened community.” (New Jersey Senate Bill 232, Sec. 4) 11
- 13. Policy Example II: Participation • “…shall guarantee mechanisms for the participation of the public in decision-making processes, revisions, reexaminations or updates with respect to projects and activities, and in other processes for granting environmental permits that have or may have a significant impact on the environment, including when they may affect health.” (Escazú Agreement, Art. 7(2)) 12
- 14. Policy Example III: Recognition • “…provide translations of publicly available documents made available pursuant to the National Environmental Policy Act in any language spoken by more than 5 percent of the population residing within the environmental justice community.” (U.S. House Resolution 5986, Sec. 14(e)(4)) 13
- 15. Additional Resources • Website • NRDC: The History of Environmental Justice in Five Minutes (2016) • Report • The New School: Local Policies for Environmental Justice: A National Scan (2019) • Video • The IEJ Project: What is Indigenous Environmental Justice? (2019) • Books • Bullard: Dumping in Dixie (2000) • Coolsaet (Ed.): Environmental Justice: Key Issues (2020) 14
- 16. Environmental Justice is the key to an equitable and resilient future for all of Jacksonville. Contact: josh.gellers@gmail.com www.joshgellers.com @JoshGellers 15
Editor's Notes
- Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)
- Environmental racism
- Capabilities fulfill basic needs.
- Blue boxes are sites reporting toxic releases to EPA and colored areas are low income populations (national percentiles).