Ent instrument
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
5 likes•834 views
This document describes various instruments and procedures used in ENT examinations in an outpatient department. It discusses bull's eye lamps, head mirrors, tongue depressors, nasal speculums, laryngeal mirrors, otoscope, tuning forks, probes, forceps, eustachian tube catheters and other tools. It provides details on how each instrument is used and procedures for examining the ears, nose, mouth and throat.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Functional endoscopic sinus surgery
The document discusses Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS). FESS is a minimally invasive procedure that uses an endoscope to access and treat the paranasal sinuses. It aims to restore sinus function by re-establishing ventilation and mucociliary clearance. Key steps in FESS include uncinectomy to remove the uncinate process, maxillary antrostomy to access the maxillary sinus, and ethmoidectomy to access the ethmoid sinuses. Proper identification of anatomical landmarks like the middle turbinate, uncinate process, and bulla ethmoidalis is important for successful FESS.
Cortical mastoidectomy
1) The document discusses the surgical approach and procedure for cortical mastoidectomy. Key steps include raising skin and periosteal flaps, drilling along anatomical landmarks like the sigmoid sinus and facial nerve to identify structures, and widening the aditus and performing a posterior tympanotomy to access the mesotympanum.
2) Post-operative care involves drain removal within 48 hours and dry dressing of the ear. Potential complications discussed are persistent deafness, facial nerve injury, CSF leak, hemorrhage and infection.
3) The patient is advised restricted activity for 3 weeks followed by a gradual return to normal activity over 4 weeks, and to keep the operation site dry.
Instruments used in Otolaryngology
This document discusses various instruments used in otolaryngology. It describes instruments used in outpatient and operating room settings, and classifies them based on Spaulding classification as critical, semi-critical, or non-critical. It provides details on sterilization and disinfection methods for different instrument categories. Examples of specific instruments are given for examining ears, nose and throat, along with their uses and important features.
Instruments part 2
This document describes various instruments used in otorhinolaryngology. It discusses nasal speculums like the Thudicum and Killian speculums used to examine the nose. Indirect laryngoscopy mirrors of varying sizes are described for examining the larynx. Other instruments mentioned include the Higginson syringe for nasal irrigation, osteotomes and chisels for bone cutting, curettes for bone removal, and various aural speculums for examining the ear canal.
Eustachian tube
The document discusses the anatomy, functions, and disorders of the Eustachian tube. It begins by describing the anatomy of the Eustachian tube in infants versus adults. It then covers the functions of the Eustachian tube in ventilating the middle ear and protecting it. Common disorders discussed include tubal blockage, retraction pockets, patulous Eustachian tube, and otitis media with effusion. Tests to evaluate Eustachian tube function and potential causes of dysfunction are also summarized.
Instruments in ent
Boyle-Davis mouth gag and Doyen mouth's gag are used to keep the mouth open for various ENT surgeries. Denis Browne's tonsil holding forceps are used to hold and pull the tonsils during tonsillectomy. Thudicum nasal speculums are used in anterior rhinoscopy and nasal procedures to open the nasal cavity. Luc's forceps have sharp, cup-shaped blades and are useful for nasal and throat operations including submucous resection of the nasal septum.
Keratosis obturans
Keratosis obturans is a condition characterized by an accumulation of desquamated keratin in the external auditory meatus. It occurs when the normal migration of epithelium from the tympanic membrane to the posterior meatal wall is obstructed by wax or a foreign body, causing an abnormal separation of keratin. There are two main types - a silent type caused by this abnormal keratin separation, and an inflammatory type caused by acute ear canal inflammation. Clinically, it presents as a white keratin plug occluding the ear canal, sometimes with accompanying granulations or canal widening. Treatment involves removing the cause if present, using keratolytic agents, and potentially surgical removal under general anesthesia for recurrent cases
Eustachian tube, anatomy, test and disorders, dr.vijaya sundarm, 20.03.17
The document discusses the anatomy, physiology, and disorders of the Eustachian tube. It describes the Eustachian tube's embryological development and details its adult anatomy including measurements, parts, musculature, and blood supply. Regarding function, it ventilates the middle ear and drains secretions. Dysfunctions include tubal blockage from various mechanical or functional causes like adenoids, cleft palate, or barotrauma. Tests to evaluate Eustachian tube function include Valsalva, Toynbee, and tympanometry. Disorders include tubal blockage, retraction pockets, and a patulous tube.
Recommended
Functional endoscopic sinus surgery
The document discusses Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS). FESS is a minimally invasive procedure that uses an endoscope to access and treat the paranasal sinuses. It aims to restore sinus function by re-establishing ventilation and mucociliary clearance. Key steps in FESS include uncinectomy to remove the uncinate process, maxillary antrostomy to access the maxillary sinus, and ethmoidectomy to access the ethmoid sinuses. Proper identification of anatomical landmarks like the middle turbinate, uncinate process, and bulla ethmoidalis is important for successful FESS.
Cortical mastoidectomy
1) The document discusses the surgical approach and procedure for cortical mastoidectomy. Key steps include raising skin and periosteal flaps, drilling along anatomical landmarks like the sigmoid sinus and facial nerve to identify structures, and widening the aditus and performing a posterior tympanotomy to access the mesotympanum.
2) Post-operative care involves drain removal within 48 hours and dry dressing of the ear. Potential complications discussed are persistent deafness, facial nerve injury, CSF leak, hemorrhage and infection.
3) The patient is advised restricted activity for 3 weeks followed by a gradual return to normal activity over 4 weeks, and to keep the operation site dry.
Instruments used in Otolaryngology
This document discusses various instruments used in otolaryngology. It describes instruments used in outpatient and operating room settings, and classifies them based on Spaulding classification as critical, semi-critical, or non-critical. It provides details on sterilization and disinfection methods for different instrument categories. Examples of specific instruments are given for examining ears, nose and throat, along with their uses and important features.
Instruments part 2
This document describes various instruments used in otorhinolaryngology. It discusses nasal speculums like the Thudicum and Killian speculums used to examine the nose. Indirect laryngoscopy mirrors of varying sizes are described for examining the larynx. Other instruments mentioned include the Higginson syringe for nasal irrigation, osteotomes and chisels for bone cutting, curettes for bone removal, and various aural speculums for examining the ear canal.
Eustachian tube
The document discusses the anatomy, functions, and disorders of the Eustachian tube. It begins by describing the anatomy of the Eustachian tube in infants versus adults. It then covers the functions of the Eustachian tube in ventilating the middle ear and protecting it. Common disorders discussed include tubal blockage, retraction pockets, patulous Eustachian tube, and otitis media with effusion. Tests to evaluate Eustachian tube function and potential causes of dysfunction are also summarized.
Instruments in ent
Boyle-Davis mouth gag and Doyen mouth's gag are used to keep the mouth open for various ENT surgeries. Denis Browne's tonsil holding forceps are used to hold and pull the tonsils during tonsillectomy. Thudicum nasal speculums are used in anterior rhinoscopy and nasal procedures to open the nasal cavity. Luc's forceps have sharp, cup-shaped blades and are useful for nasal and throat operations including submucous resection of the nasal septum.
Keratosis obturans
Keratosis obturans is a condition characterized by an accumulation of desquamated keratin in the external auditory meatus. It occurs when the normal migration of epithelium from the tympanic membrane to the posterior meatal wall is obstructed by wax or a foreign body, causing an abnormal separation of keratin. There are two main types - a silent type caused by this abnormal keratin separation, and an inflammatory type caused by acute ear canal inflammation. Clinically, it presents as a white keratin plug occluding the ear canal, sometimes with accompanying granulations or canal widening. Treatment involves removing the cause if present, using keratolytic agents, and potentially surgical removal under general anesthesia for recurrent cases
Eustachian tube, anatomy, test and disorders, dr.vijaya sundarm, 20.03.17
The document discusses the anatomy, physiology, and disorders of the Eustachian tube. It describes the Eustachian tube's embryological development and details its adult anatomy including measurements, parts, musculature, and blood supply. Regarding function, it ventilates the middle ear and drains secretions. Dysfunctions include tubal blockage from various mechanical or functional causes like adenoids, cleft palate, or barotrauma. Tests to evaluate Eustachian tube function include Valsalva, Toynbee, and tympanometry. Disorders include tubal blockage, retraction pockets, and a patulous tube.
Atrophic Rhinitis
Atrophic rhinitis or rhinitis sicca, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment with recent advances.
Nasal endoscopy
1) Nasal endoscopy is used to examine the nasal passages and paranasal sinuses using specialized equipment like rigid or flexible endoscopes and a light source.
2) The examination involves inserting the endoscope into the nasal cavity to visually inspect different areas like the inferior meatus, nasopharynx, sphenoethmoidal recess, and middle meatus.
3) Nasal endoscopy is useful for evaluating and treating inflammatory diseases of the sinuses, detecting tumors, locating the source of epistaxis, and assisting with other procedures like sinus surgery or skull base repairs. It provides information that CT scans cannot by allowing direct visualization of mucosal changes.
Instruments in ent..aak
This document provides information on various instruments used in otolaryngology (ENT). It describes the Bulls Eye Lamp, Higginson Syringe, rigid endoscopes, Barany noise box, aural speculums, bone anchored hearing aids, Goodie T tubes, Montgomery safe-t tubes, microdebriders, Radenoid blades, silver bullets, Stammberger mushroom punches, Nettleship and Bowman punctal dilators, Merocel, microlaryngeal sets, rhinoplasty calipers, Yorke hemostatic tonsillar clamps, Yankauer nasopharyngoscope, Heister mouth gags, jet ventilation, gum elastic b
Ear Wax and syringing
This document discusses earwax, also known as cerumen, and methods for removing impacted earwax. It describes the structure and composition of earwax, noting that it helps clean and lubricate the ear canal while also playing an antibacterial and antifungal role. When earwax becomes impacted, it can cause symptoms like a blocked ear sensation, discomfort, pain, tinnitus, and hearing impairment. The document outlines common techniques for removing impacted earwax, including using cerumenolytic drops to soften the wax, syringing the ear canal with water, and instrumental removal with tools like a cerumen hook. Complications from improper removal are also discussed.
Tuning fork test
This document discusses tuning fork tests used to assess hearing. A tuning fork produces a constant pitch when struck and is used to test air and bone conduction. The Rinne test compares air and bone conduction, with Rinne positive indicating normal hearing and Rinne negative indicating conductive hearing loss. The Weber test assesses lateralization of sound to the better or worse hearing ear. Other tests discussed include Schwabach, ABC, Gelle's, Bing, and tests for malingering like Stenger's test. Tuning fork tests can help differentiate conductive from sensorineural hearing loss.
Mastoidectomy
Mastoidectomy is a surgical procedure to access and treat infections of the mastoid air cells behind the ear. Over time, the procedure has evolved from simple cortical mastoidectomies described in the 17th century to more advanced techniques using an operating microscope and drill. Modern mastoidectomies are typically classified as canal wall up or canal wall down depending on whether the bony ear canal wall is preserved. Indications include treatment of cholesteatoma, refractory ear infections, and approaches for other inner ear procedures. The surgery involves an incision behind the ear to access and clean out the infected mastoid air cells.
Chronic suppurative otitis media attico-antral disease (CSOM AA)
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media with attico-antral disease (CSOM-AAD), also known as COM-Squamous, is a chronic pyogenic ear infection lasting over 3 months with cholesteatoma and granulation tissue in the attic or posterosuperior quadrant of the ear drum. This causes higher risks of bone erosion and complications. Cholesteatoma is a sac lined with keratinizing squamous epithelium that grows by destroying surrounding bone. Surgical treatment via canal wall down procedures like attico-antrostomy or modified/radical mastoidectomy is the mainstay for managing CSOM-AAD and removing cholesteatoma,
Csf oto.pptx1
This document discusses cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) otorrhea, which is the presence of CSF within the temporal bone caused by a dural defect. CSF otorrhea can be caused by trauma, surgery, tumors, infections, or congenitally. Spontaneous CSF otorrhea in adults is often linked to abnormally located arachnoid granulations or congenital defects. Patients tend to be obese, middle-aged women who experience ear drainage or fullness. Diagnosis involves tests like beta-2 transferrin and imaging. Initial treatment focuses on bed rest, medications, and lumbar drains, while surgery aims to correct the bony defect using various materials and approaches.
Reinke's oedema
Benign polypoid degeneration of one or both the vocal folds leading to dysphonia.Smoking is the commonest predisposing factor.
Middle ear reconstruction
This document provides an overview of the history and techniques of tympanoplasty and mastoidectomy. It discusses the pioneers who advanced the use of the operating microscope starting in the late 19th century. It then describes the goals and types of tympanoplasty, mastoidectomy, and ossicular chain reconstruction techniques. Key aspects covered include the classification of tympanoplasty and ossicular chain defects, graft/implant materials used, surgical approaches, factors affecting outcomes, and potential complications.
Malignant Otitis Externa
Malignant otitis externa is an aggressive infection of the external ear and skull base that commonly affects older diabetics. It is caused mainly by Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria invading the external ear canal and spreading through fissures in the bone. Symptoms include severe ear pain, discharge, and potentially cranial nerve palsies. Diagnosis involves culture, imaging like CT showing bone destruction, and ruling out other causes. Treatment requires long-term antibiotics like ciprofloxacin, tight blood sugar control, and sometimes hyperbaric oxygen or surgery. Prognosis has improved but mortality remains high if the infection spreads intracranially or causes multiple cranial neuropathies.
NOISE INDUCED HEARING LOSS
Noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) can be caused by exposure to loud noises over time. It typically affects higher frequencies initially and can be either temporary or permanent. NIHL is common in occupations with high noise exposure like manufacturing. The damage occurs through metabolic and structural changes in the inner ear from excessive noise stimulation. Prevention involves wearing hearing protection and implementing hearing conservation programs in noisy workplaces. Compensation claims for NIHL require proving long-term exposure to hazardous noise levels caused the observed hearing loss.
Csom, cholesteatoma
This document discusses chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM), which is a long-standing middle ear infection characterized by ear discharge and a permanent perforation of the eardrum. It describes the two main types of CSOM - tubotympanic and atticoantral - and covers their etiology, pathology, clinical features, investigations, treatment, and complications. Cholesteatoma, a growth of skin cells in the middle ear, is also discussed in detail including its origin, classification, expansion and bone destruction potential, and role in increasing risk of complications from middle ear infections.
LASERs in ent
This document provides an overview of lasers used in otorhinolaryngology. It discusses the history and components of lasers, how they produce light through stimulated emission, and their properties such as being monochromatic, collimated, and coherent. It describes different types of lasers based on materials used and wavelengths, how laser light interacts with tissue, and their various applications in procedures in the larynx, nose, and ear. The CO2, KTP, Nd:YAG, and argon lasers are highlighted for their usefulness in ENT procedures due to their absorption properties and abilities to cut, ablate, or coagulate tissue with minimal bleeding.
Labyrinthitis and its management
Please find the power point on Labyrinthitis and its management. I tried to present it on understandable way and all the contents are reviewed by experts and from very reliable references. Thank you
Rhinomanometry
This document discusses various methods for objectively measuring nasal patency and airflow, which is important for accurately assessing complaints of nasal obstruction. It describes rhinomanometry, which measures nasal resistance, and acoustic rhinomanometry, which provides anatomical data on nasal cross-sectional area. Several other tests are also mentioned, including peak nasal inspiratory flow, body plethysmography, and questionnaires. Overall, the document provides an overview of existing objective methods for evaluating nasal function and structure to help diagnose the cause of a blocked nose.
Diseases of middle ear;csom(safe&unsafe)&cholesteatoma dr.davis thoma...
This document discusses chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM), including the types, symptoms, signs, investigations, and treatment options. It describes CSOM as a long-standing middle ear infection characterized by continuous or intermittent ear discharge through a perforated eardrum. The two main types are tubotympanic disease, confined to the anterior middle ear, and atticoantral disease, involving the posterior middle ear and associated with bone erosion and possible cholesteatoma formation. Treatment involves medical management with antibiotics and surgery such as myringoplasty, tympanoplasty, and mastoidectomy depending on the severity and extent of disease.
Nasal septum & septoplasty
this seminar is regarding the anatomy of nasal septum its importance , and surgeries used to correct deviated septum.
Middle ear anatomy
This document provides an anatomical overview of the structures of the middle ear and mastoid region. It describes the development, features, and contents of the eustachian tube, tympanic cavity, mastoid air cells, and related structures. Key structures discussed include the ossicles, muscles, nerves, blood supply, and the walls, openings and recesses of the middle ear cavity. Comparisons are made between adult and infant anatomy.
Atrophic Rhinitis Slides 050330
Atrophic rhinitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by crusting, fetor, and atrophy of the nasal structures. It is most commonly caused by complications from prior sinus surgery. On physical exam, patients typically have extensive nasal crusting and anosmia. Radiographic findings include mucosal thickening and bone resorption in the paranasal sinuses. Treatment options aim to restore nasal hydration and minimize crusting, using topical therapies like saline irrigations and systemic antibiotics. Surgical therapies include closure of the nostrils or implantation of materials to increase nasal volume.
Ear irrigation
This document provides information on ear irrigation including:
- The definition, purpose, solutions, equipment, and procedure for ear irrigation to remove ear wax or foreign objects from the ear canal.
- The method involves using a syringe or irrigation can to gently flush the ear canal with sterile water or saline to loosen and remove obstructions.
- Precautions are outlined to avoid injury and ensure proper aftercare if any pain or drainage occurs after the procedure.
laryngoscope class by Dr Sandeep Singh Jadon ppt.pptx
This document provides information about laryngoscopy and different types of laryngoscopes. It begins with an introduction to laryngoscopy and its uses such as endotracheal intubation. It then discusses the history and development of laryngoscopes. The document outlines the different parts of a direct rigid laryngoscope and various blade types including the Macintosh and Miller blades. It also discusses techniques for laryngoscopy and managing a difficult airway. Finally, it covers video laryngoscopy and the use of flexible fiberoptic endoscopes for intubation.
More Related Content
What's hot
Atrophic Rhinitis
Atrophic rhinitis or rhinitis sicca, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment with recent advances.
Nasal endoscopy
1) Nasal endoscopy is used to examine the nasal passages and paranasal sinuses using specialized equipment like rigid or flexible endoscopes and a light source.
2) The examination involves inserting the endoscope into the nasal cavity to visually inspect different areas like the inferior meatus, nasopharynx, sphenoethmoidal recess, and middle meatus.
3) Nasal endoscopy is useful for evaluating and treating inflammatory diseases of the sinuses, detecting tumors, locating the source of epistaxis, and assisting with other procedures like sinus surgery or skull base repairs. It provides information that CT scans cannot by allowing direct visualization of mucosal changes.
Instruments in ent..aak
This document provides information on various instruments used in otolaryngology (ENT). It describes the Bulls Eye Lamp, Higginson Syringe, rigid endoscopes, Barany noise box, aural speculums, bone anchored hearing aids, Goodie T tubes, Montgomery safe-t tubes, microdebriders, Radenoid blades, silver bullets, Stammberger mushroom punches, Nettleship and Bowman punctal dilators, Merocel, microlaryngeal sets, rhinoplasty calipers, Yorke hemostatic tonsillar clamps, Yankauer nasopharyngoscope, Heister mouth gags, jet ventilation, gum elastic b
Ear Wax and syringing
This document discusses earwax, also known as cerumen, and methods for removing impacted earwax. It describes the structure and composition of earwax, noting that it helps clean and lubricate the ear canal while also playing an antibacterial and antifungal role. When earwax becomes impacted, it can cause symptoms like a blocked ear sensation, discomfort, pain, tinnitus, and hearing impairment. The document outlines common techniques for removing impacted earwax, including using cerumenolytic drops to soften the wax, syringing the ear canal with water, and instrumental removal with tools like a cerumen hook. Complications from improper removal are also discussed.
Tuning fork test
This document discusses tuning fork tests used to assess hearing. A tuning fork produces a constant pitch when struck and is used to test air and bone conduction. The Rinne test compares air and bone conduction, with Rinne positive indicating normal hearing and Rinne negative indicating conductive hearing loss. The Weber test assesses lateralization of sound to the better or worse hearing ear. Other tests discussed include Schwabach, ABC, Gelle's, Bing, and tests for malingering like Stenger's test. Tuning fork tests can help differentiate conductive from sensorineural hearing loss.
Mastoidectomy
Mastoidectomy is a surgical procedure to access and treat infections of the mastoid air cells behind the ear. Over time, the procedure has evolved from simple cortical mastoidectomies described in the 17th century to more advanced techniques using an operating microscope and drill. Modern mastoidectomies are typically classified as canal wall up or canal wall down depending on whether the bony ear canal wall is preserved. Indications include treatment of cholesteatoma, refractory ear infections, and approaches for other inner ear procedures. The surgery involves an incision behind the ear to access and clean out the infected mastoid air cells.
Chronic suppurative otitis media attico-antral disease (CSOM AA)
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media with attico-antral disease (CSOM-AAD), also known as COM-Squamous, is a chronic pyogenic ear infection lasting over 3 months with cholesteatoma and granulation tissue in the attic or posterosuperior quadrant of the ear drum. This causes higher risks of bone erosion and complications. Cholesteatoma is a sac lined with keratinizing squamous epithelium that grows by destroying surrounding bone. Surgical treatment via canal wall down procedures like attico-antrostomy or modified/radical mastoidectomy is the mainstay for managing CSOM-AAD and removing cholesteatoma,
Csf oto.pptx1
This document discusses cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) otorrhea, which is the presence of CSF within the temporal bone caused by a dural defect. CSF otorrhea can be caused by trauma, surgery, tumors, infections, or congenitally. Spontaneous CSF otorrhea in adults is often linked to abnormally located arachnoid granulations or congenital defects. Patients tend to be obese, middle-aged women who experience ear drainage or fullness. Diagnosis involves tests like beta-2 transferrin and imaging. Initial treatment focuses on bed rest, medications, and lumbar drains, while surgery aims to correct the bony defect using various materials and approaches.
Reinke's oedema
Benign polypoid degeneration of one or both the vocal folds leading to dysphonia.Smoking is the commonest predisposing factor.
Middle ear reconstruction
This document provides an overview of the history and techniques of tympanoplasty and mastoidectomy. It discusses the pioneers who advanced the use of the operating microscope starting in the late 19th century. It then describes the goals and types of tympanoplasty, mastoidectomy, and ossicular chain reconstruction techniques. Key aspects covered include the classification of tympanoplasty and ossicular chain defects, graft/implant materials used, surgical approaches, factors affecting outcomes, and potential complications.
Malignant Otitis Externa
Malignant otitis externa is an aggressive infection of the external ear and skull base that commonly affects older diabetics. It is caused mainly by Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria invading the external ear canal and spreading through fissures in the bone. Symptoms include severe ear pain, discharge, and potentially cranial nerve palsies. Diagnosis involves culture, imaging like CT showing bone destruction, and ruling out other causes. Treatment requires long-term antibiotics like ciprofloxacin, tight blood sugar control, and sometimes hyperbaric oxygen or surgery. Prognosis has improved but mortality remains high if the infection spreads intracranially or causes multiple cranial neuropathies.
NOISE INDUCED HEARING LOSS
Noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) can be caused by exposure to loud noises over time. It typically affects higher frequencies initially and can be either temporary or permanent. NIHL is common in occupations with high noise exposure like manufacturing. The damage occurs through metabolic and structural changes in the inner ear from excessive noise stimulation. Prevention involves wearing hearing protection and implementing hearing conservation programs in noisy workplaces. Compensation claims for NIHL require proving long-term exposure to hazardous noise levels caused the observed hearing loss.
Csom, cholesteatoma
This document discusses chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM), which is a long-standing middle ear infection characterized by ear discharge and a permanent perforation of the eardrum. It describes the two main types of CSOM - tubotympanic and atticoantral - and covers their etiology, pathology, clinical features, investigations, treatment, and complications. Cholesteatoma, a growth of skin cells in the middle ear, is also discussed in detail including its origin, classification, expansion and bone destruction potential, and role in increasing risk of complications from middle ear infections.
LASERs in ent
This document provides an overview of lasers used in otorhinolaryngology. It discusses the history and components of lasers, how they produce light through stimulated emission, and their properties such as being monochromatic, collimated, and coherent. It describes different types of lasers based on materials used and wavelengths, how laser light interacts with tissue, and their various applications in procedures in the larynx, nose, and ear. The CO2, KTP, Nd:YAG, and argon lasers are highlighted for their usefulness in ENT procedures due to their absorption properties and abilities to cut, ablate, or coagulate tissue with minimal bleeding.
Labyrinthitis and its management
Please find the power point on Labyrinthitis and its management. I tried to present it on understandable way and all the contents are reviewed by experts and from very reliable references. Thank you
Rhinomanometry
This document discusses various methods for objectively measuring nasal patency and airflow, which is important for accurately assessing complaints of nasal obstruction. It describes rhinomanometry, which measures nasal resistance, and acoustic rhinomanometry, which provides anatomical data on nasal cross-sectional area. Several other tests are also mentioned, including peak nasal inspiratory flow, body plethysmography, and questionnaires. Overall, the document provides an overview of existing objective methods for evaluating nasal function and structure to help diagnose the cause of a blocked nose.
Diseases of middle ear;csom(safe&unsafe)&cholesteatoma dr.davis thoma...
This document discusses chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM), including the types, symptoms, signs, investigations, and treatment options. It describes CSOM as a long-standing middle ear infection characterized by continuous or intermittent ear discharge through a perforated eardrum. The two main types are tubotympanic disease, confined to the anterior middle ear, and atticoantral disease, involving the posterior middle ear and associated with bone erosion and possible cholesteatoma formation. Treatment involves medical management with antibiotics and surgery such as myringoplasty, tympanoplasty, and mastoidectomy depending on the severity and extent of disease.
Nasal septum & septoplasty
this seminar is regarding the anatomy of nasal septum its importance , and surgeries used to correct deviated septum.
Middle ear anatomy
This document provides an anatomical overview of the structures of the middle ear and mastoid region. It describes the development, features, and contents of the eustachian tube, tympanic cavity, mastoid air cells, and related structures. Key structures discussed include the ossicles, muscles, nerves, blood supply, and the walls, openings and recesses of the middle ear cavity. Comparisons are made between adult and infant anatomy.
Atrophic Rhinitis Slides 050330
Atrophic rhinitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by crusting, fetor, and atrophy of the nasal structures. It is most commonly caused by complications from prior sinus surgery. On physical exam, patients typically have extensive nasal crusting and anosmia. Radiographic findings include mucosal thickening and bone resorption in the paranasal sinuses. Treatment options aim to restore nasal hydration and minimize crusting, using topical therapies like saline irrigations and systemic antibiotics. Surgical therapies include closure of the nostrils or implantation of materials to increase nasal volume.
What's hot (20)
Chronic suppurative otitis media attico-antral disease (CSOM AA)
Chronic suppurative otitis media attico-antral disease (CSOM AA)
Diseases of middle ear;csom(safe&unsafe)&cholesteatoma dr.davis thoma...
Diseases of middle ear;csom(safe&unsafe)&cholesteatoma dr.davis thoma...
Similar to Ent instrument
Ear irrigation
This document provides information on ear irrigation including:
- The definition, purpose, solutions, equipment, and procedure for ear irrigation to remove ear wax or foreign objects from the ear canal.
- The method involves using a syringe or irrigation can to gently flush the ear canal with sterile water or saline to loosen and remove obstructions.
- Precautions are outlined to avoid injury and ensure proper aftercare if any pain or drainage occurs after the procedure.
laryngoscope class by Dr Sandeep Singh Jadon ppt.pptx
This document provides information about laryngoscopy and different types of laryngoscopes. It begins with an introduction to laryngoscopy and its uses such as endotracheal intubation. It then discusses the history and development of laryngoscopes. The document outlines the different parts of a direct rigid laryngoscope and various blade types including the Macintosh and Miller blades. It also discusses techniques for laryngoscopy and managing a difficult airway. Finally, it covers video laryngoscopy and the use of flexible fiberoptic endoscopes for intubation.
Gonioscopy
The document summarizes the Van Herick technique and Goldman applanation tonometry procedure. The Van Herick technique uses a slit lamp to estimate the angle of the anterior chamber without a gonioscopy lens. A narrow slit of light is projected onto the peripheral cornea and the width of the chamber angle is assessed. Goldman applanation tonometry uses a prism to flatten the cornea and measure the pressure needed to do so, relating it to intraocular pressure according to Imbert-Fick's law. A fluorescein-stained tear film outlines the flattened area which is used to take the measurement.
Bronchoscopy
- Bronchoscopy allows for direct visualization of the airways using rigid or flexible instruments for both clinical and research purposes.
- Clinically, it is used to examine airway anatomy, obtain airway samples, and for therapeutic procedures.
- Indications for diagnostic bronchoscopy include evaluating the cause of symptoms like wheezing, hemoptysis, or cough lasting over 4 weeks, and identifying conditions like atelectasis, localized opacities, obstructive emphysema, and hilar or mediastinal shadows.
tympanic membrane.pptx
The document discusses otoscopy examination and tympanic membrane findings. An otoscopy exam involves using an otoscope with a speculum and light source to evaluate the ear canal and tympanic membrane. The purpose is to check for any problems before hearing tests or fitting hearing protection. During the exam, the ear canal is straightened and the otoscope is gently inserted to view the tympanic membrane. Findings like clear canals, normal eardrum appearance and landmarks should be observed. Abnormal findings include things like cerumen, foreign bodies, perforations or bulging of the tympanic membrane.
ppt on direct opthalmoscopy
this ppt contains detailed information about the direct opthalmoscopy, how to use and how to interpret the certain ocular conditions like cataracts, retinal changes, any medial opacities
admintration of medications PART 2.pptx
This document discusses various routes of drug administration including topical, inhalation, and parenteral routes. It provides details on administering drugs through the skin, nose, eyes, ears, rectum, and vagina. Inhalation methods like nebulizers and metered dose inhalers are also described. The document discusses best practices for administering drugs safely and preventing medication errors and needlestick injuries.
SLIT LAMP AND ITS DIFFERENT ILLUMINATION TECHNIQUES.pptx
This presentation explains in detail about different illumination techniques and filters used in slit lamp examination and the procedure to perform slit lamp examination.
Paediatric procedures part 1
The document describes several medical devices used in pediatric care including laryngoscopes, oxygen masks and reservoirs, nebulizers, tongue depressors, clinical thermometers, infant feeding tubes, and simple rubber catheters. It provides information on the indications, uses, sizes, and procedures for each device.
Attachment
The document provides details on performing eye and ear examinations, including inspecting the external eye and ear structures, assessing visual acuity and fields, examining the internal eye with an ophthalmoscope, and testing hearing through techniques like the Weber, Rinne, and Romberg tests which evaluate hearing and balance. Examinations of both systems involve inspection, assessment of functions, and specialized tests to thoroughly evaluate eye and ear health.
Spinal anesthesia
Spinal anesthesia involves injecting local anesthetic into the subarachnoid space of the spinal canal. The summary discusses the key points of spinal anesthesia including:
1. The technique involves preparing equipment and positioning the patient before inserting the spinal needle between vertebrae to inject local anesthetic and induce nerve block.
2. Complications include hypotension from sympathetic blockade and post-dural puncture headache from leakage of cerebrospinal fluid through the puncture site in the dura mater.
3. Indications are for lower body and lower abdominal surgeries, with contraindications including infection, coagulopathies, and anatomical abnormalities that prevent safe needle placement.
endotrachial intubation
The insertion of a cannula or a tube into a hollow organ such as intestines or trachea, to maintain an opening or passageway is known as intubation.
The insertion of a long breathing tube or artificial airway (endotracheal tube - ETT) into the trachea (windpipe) via the mouth is called endotracheal intubation
Slit lamp biomicroscope
Slit lamp general examintion , components , methods of uses of slit lamp in their own and the attachments added to slit lamp and it is examinations .
Gonioscopy
Gonioscopy allows visualization of the anterior chamber angle structures. It was coined by Alexios Trantas in 1975 from the Greek words "gonia" meaning angle and "skopein" meaning to view. There are two main types - direct gonioscopy using a Koeppe lens which provides a panoramic view but no magnification, and indirect gonioscopy using a Goldmann lens which provides a segmented view through a mirror with excellent optics and the ability to perform indentation. Gonioscopy is used diagnostically to classify glaucoma and assess angle anatomy and closure risk, and therapeutically for procedures like laser trabeculoplasty.
AC .pptx
The anterior chamber angle structures and aqueous outflow system were summarized. The anterior chamber is bounded anteriorly by the cornea and posteriorly by the iris and lens. It contains aqueous humor and drains through the trabecular meshwork into Schlemm's canal and collector channels. Key angle structures include Schwalbe's line, trabecular meshwork, scleral spur, and ciliary body. Gonioscopy allows visualization and grading of the anterior chamber angle and is important for glaucoma evaluation and treatment planning.
Systemic health examination ppt
The document describes the purpose and components of a systemic health examination. The examination aims to understand diseases, prescribe treatments, diagnose conditions, and plan management. It involves assessment of specific signs and symptoms through examination of body areas and organ systems. The examination can be problem-focused, expanded problem-focused, detailed, or comprehensive. It examines areas like head/neck, chest, abdomen, extremities, and genitalia. Organ systems examined include eyes, ears, cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and others.
INDIRECT OPHTHALMOSCOPY ppt
The document discusses the history and development of indirect ophthalmoscopy from its origins in the 19th century to modern techniques, describing key optical principles, parts of the instrument, examination techniques including lens selection and positioning, advantages over direct ophthalmoscopy, and proper handling of the equipment. Indirect ophthalmoscopy allows examination of the retina with a wider field of view and without lens distortion compared to direct ophthalmoscopy.
Gonioscopy
Gonioscopy is an examination of the anterior chamber angle using a gonioscopy lens and slit lamp microscope. It allows visualization of key angle structures including the trabecular meshwork, Schwalbe's line, scleral spur, and ciliary body band. The examination is used to diagnose glaucoma and angle closure risk. There are two main techniques - direct gonioscopy using a contact lens and indirect gonioscopy using a single or multiple mirror lens. Angle structures may be difficult to see, requiring manipulations like indentation and corneal wedge to improve visualization. Gonioscopy is essential for glaucoma evaluation and management.
Gonioscopy
Gonioscopy is an examination of the anterior chamber angle using a gonioscopy lens and slit lamp microscope. It allows visualization of key angle structures including the trabecular meshwork, Schwalbe's line, scleral spur, and ciliary body band. The examination is used to diagnose glaucoma and angle closure risk. There are two main techniques - direct gonioscopy using a contact lens and indirect gonioscopy using a single or multiple mirror lens. Angle structures may be difficult to see, requiring manipulations like indentation and corneal wedge to improve visualization. Gonioscopy is essential for glaucoma evaluation and management.
Ophthalmoscopy
This document provides an overview of various ophthalmic instruments used in eye examinations, including:
1. Direct and indirect ophthalmoscopes are used to examine the interior of the eye. Indirect ophthalmoscopy uses a condensing lens to form an erect, magnified image of the retina.
2. The slit lamp examination uses different illumination techniques like diffuse, direct, and retroillumination to examine the anterior segment of the eye including the eyelids, cornea, iris, and lens.
3. Indirect techniques like specular reflection and optical sectioning are used to examine corneal structures at high magnification.
4. A lensometer is used to measure the refractive power of correct
Similar to Ent instrument (20)
laryngoscope class by Dr Sandeep Singh Jadon ppt.pptx
laryngoscope class by Dr Sandeep Singh Jadon ppt.pptx
SLIT LAMP AND ITS DIFFERENT ILLUMINATION TECHNIQUES.pptx
SLIT LAMP AND ITS DIFFERENT ILLUMINATION TECHNIQUES.pptx
More from NamanMishra87
OSPE- PM.ppt
This document summarizes the findings of 6 different postmortem reports. Each report provides details found during the examination of the body and asks 3 questions related to time of death, cause of death, and whether the death was accidental, suicidal or homicidal. The summaries provided concise answers to each set of questions, determining time since death, cause of death, and manner of death for each case based on the findings reported.
Cerebral Spinal Fluid.pptx
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. It is produced by specialized cells in the brain and acts as a cushion and filtration system. CSF composition is tightly regulated by the blood-brain barrier to protect the central nervous system. CSF analysis through lumbar puncture is important for diagnosing conditions like meningitis, tumors, and multiple sclerosis. Abnormalities in CSF properties including white blood cell count, glucose, protein, and presence of tumor cells or blood can indicate different diseases.
bioterrorism-170215073558.pdf
This document provides an overview of bioterrorism and discusses several pathogenic agents that could potentially be used in bioterrorism attacks. It describes the CDC's classification of bioterrorism agents into categories A, B and C based on their ease of transmission and potential to cause harm. Category A agents like anthrax, smallpox and plague are discussed in more detail, outlining their history, clinical features, diagnosis and recommended treatments. The role of public health systems in responding to potential bioterrorism is also mentioned.
paraplegia-120919045136-phpapp01.pdf
This document discusses paraplegia, which is an impairment of motor or sensory function in the lower extremities. It defines different types such as paraplegia, quadriplegia, and monoplegia. It then describes the causes of spastic and flaccid paraplegia, including compressive and non-compressive spinal causes as well as gradual and sudden onset cerebral and spinal causes. Common etiologies include glioma, meningioma, myeloma, transverse myelitis, and injury to the spinal cord.
paraparesisbiplavenams-190401002135.pdf
1) Paraplegia is defined as impairment of motor function in the lower extremities, which can be caused by lesions in the cerebral cortex, spinal cord, nerves supplying the lower limbs, or muscles directly.
2) The document provides details on the causes, features, levels of lesions, and approaches to examining a patient with paraplegia. Common causes include trauma, tumors, tuberculosis, thrombosis, and transverse myelitis.
3) Based on the level and completeness of the spinal cord lesion, the features of paraplegia such as muscle tone, reflexes, and sensory involvement will differ. Determining the level of lesion is important for diagnosing the underlying cause.
approach to neurological disease.pptx
This document outlines the steps a doctor takes when evaluating a patient with neurological symptoms. It involves taking a thorough history, conducting a neurological exam, generating a differential diagnosis, and ordering targeted tests. The history and exam are used to identify the location and type of lesion in the nervous system. Common causes of brain lesions like vascular, infectious, neoplastic, degenerative, traumatic, toxic-metabolic and immune-mediated conditions are considered. Symptoms vary depending on the lesion's location but may include headaches, nausea, impaired movement, speech/vision issues, and seizures. Appropriate use of this neurologic method helps doctors accurately diagnose even complex neurological cases.
MND.pptx
Motor neuron disease is a progressive disorder characterized by the degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord, brainstem, and motor cortex. This leads to muscle weakness, wasting, and fasciculations. The disease has an average prevalence of 5 per 100,000 people. Most cases are sporadic, though around 5-10% of cases are familial and associated with mutations in the SOD1 gene. Clinical features include upper and lower motor neuron signs like spasticity and muscle wasting without sensory involvement. Disease progression is usually rapid and leads to death within a year on average due to respiratory failure. Current treatment options aim to prolong survival and manage symptoms but do not alter the progressive course of the disease.
More from NamanMishra87 (7)
Recently uploaded
TEST BANK For An Introduction to Brain and Behavior, 7th Edition by Bryan Kol...
TEST BANK For An Introduction to Brain and Behavior, 7th Edition by Bryan Kol...rightmanforbloodline
TEST BANK For An Introduction to Brain and Behavior, 7th Edition by Bryan Kolb, Ian Q. Whishaw, Verified Chapters 1 - 16, Complete Newest Versio
TEST BANK For An Introduction to Brain and Behavior, 7th Edition by Bryan Kolb, Ian Q. Whishaw, Verified Chapters 1 - 16, Complete Newest Version
TEST BANK For An Introduction to Brain and Behavior, 7th Edition by Bryan Kolb, Ian Q. Whishaw, Verified Chapters 1 - 16, Complete Newest VersionTEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Kat...
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Kat...rightmanforbloodline
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic Approach
Explore the benefits of combining Ayurveda with conventional Parkinson's treatments. Learn how a holistic approach can manage symptoms, enhance well-being, and balance body energies. Discover the steps to safely integrate Ayurvedic practices into your Parkinson’s care plan, including expert guidance on diet, herbal remedies, and lifestyle modifications.
Efficacy of Avartana Sneha in Ayurveda
Avartana Sneha is a unique method of Preparation of Sneha Kalpana in Ayurveda, mainly it is indicated for the Vataja rogas.
A Classical Text Review on Basavarajeeyam
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
REGULATION FOR COMBINATION PRODUCTS AND MEDICAL DEVICES.pptx
It includes regulation of combination products and medical devices. FDA and industry liaisons.
Top 10 Best Ayurvedic Kidney Stone Syrups in India
we have mentioned the best 10 ayurvedic Kidney Stone Syrups. You can check all these products and choose the best one for yourself.
Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and Indigestion
Here is the updated list of Top Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and Indigestion and those are Gas-O-Go Syp for Dyspepsia | Lavizyme Syrup for Acidity | Yumzyme Hepatoprotective Capsules etc
Top Effective Soaps for Fungal Skin Infections in India
Swisschem Dermacare has mentioned the List of The Best Antifungal Soap In India 2022. All of these soaps are trusted by various Dermatology Experts.
Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central
Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa CentralClinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa CentralClinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa CentralClinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central
Top-Vitamin-Supplement-Brands-in-India List
Swisschem Dermacare provides the Top 10 Vitamin Supplement Brands in India. To know more about us give us call at our official number
Post-Menstrual Smell- When to Suspect Vaginitis.pptx
Do you have abnormal smell after periods? It may be vaginitis. Do not worry, herbal medicine Fuyan Pill can help you get a cure.
Recently uploaded (20)
TEST BANK For An Introduction to Brain and Behavior, 7th Edition by Bryan Kol...
TEST BANK For An Introduction to Brain and Behavior, 7th Edition by Bryan Kol...
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Kat...
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Kat...
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic Approach
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic Approach
REGULATION FOR COMBINATION PRODUCTS AND MEDICAL DEVICES.pptx
REGULATION FOR COMBINATION PRODUCTS AND MEDICAL DEVICES.pptx
Top 10 Best Ayurvedic Kidney Stone Syrups in India
Top 10 Best Ayurvedic Kidney Stone Syrups in India
Top Effective Soaps for Fungal Skin Infections in India
Top Effective Soaps for Fungal Skin Infections in India
Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central
Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 6_Anti Malarial Drugs.pdf
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 6_Anti Malarial Drugs.pdf
Post-Menstrual Smell- When to Suspect Vaginitis.pptx
Post-Menstrual Smell- When to Suspect Vaginitis.pptx
Ent instrument
- 1. ENT OPD INSTRUMENTS AND PROCEDURES Dinesh Lamichhane
- 3. 1.Bulls Eye Lamp • 100 watt bulb • Plano convex lens in front of bulb to focus • Ideally Lamp is placed 6 inch above and behind the left shoulder of the patient(at the level of left ear) • Use:provide powerful source of light
- 4. Mobile Source of light • Bulls eye lamp is semi mobile source of light as it can be twisted, rotated , raised and lowered. • Clairs Head Light is the mobile source. • 9 volt bulb and a adjustable concave mirror is placed in front of the bulb.
- 5. Head Mirror • Concave mirror to reflect light from Bulls eye lamp onto the part being examined. • Focal length is about 10 inch (25 cm). • Internal diameter of hole is 19 mm and diameter of mirror with hole is 89mm.
- 6. Focusing of light with Head Mirror Steps Patient sitting on stool must be at same level of doctor. Patient legs must be placed to one side of doctor. Distance between patient and doctor must not be more thab 8 inches Mirror is fixed over the right eye in such a way that part of the mirror touches the nose.
- 7. The mirror is adjusted in such a way that the right eye sees through the hole in the mirror. Mirror is adjusted while keeping the left eye closed and right eye open. Then both eye are opened.
- 8. Lacks Metallic Tongue Depressor • Use to examine the oral cavity and oropharynx. • And also use to check the patency of nostrils by observing fogging.
- 9. Nasal Speculum Viennas Nasal Speculum Thudicum Nasal Speculum
- 10. Use of Nasal Speculum • To visualise the nasal cavity.
- 11. Laryngeal Mirror • Use to examine the larynx and laryngopharynx • To prevent fogging: warmed over spirit lamp or by dipping into hot water. • Then tested on the dorsum of hand before inserting.
- 12. Post Nasal Mirror/Rhinoscopy Mirror • To examine nasopharynx and posterior part of nasal cavity.
- 13. Ear Speculum • Various size available according to the size of ear canal. • Largest size that can be inserted conveniently should be used.
- 14. Siegels Speculum • Use for the examination of tympanic membrane, it gives magnifying view. • To test tympanic membrane mobility. • To elicit fistuls sign.
- 15. Tuning Fork • 256 Hz, 512 Hz, 1024 Hz • Commonly used 512 Hz • 256 Hz produces more of vibration sense • 1024 Hz shorter decay time • Site of striking: olecranon, radial styloid, patella or soft tissues like thenar hypothenar eminences, soft rubber strip • Use tuning fork tests.
- 16. Jobsons Horne Probe with Ring Curette • Ring curette: to remove wax • Probe: use to form a cotton bud to clean the discharge.
- 17. Blunt Probe • Use for the palpation of nasal cavity or ear canal.
- 18. Forceps Tilleys Forcep Hartmans Forceps
- 19. Wildes Forceps
- 20. Use of Forceps • Packing of ear canal and nasal cavity.
- 21. Eustachian Tube Catheter • To check the patency of eustachian tube. • To remove foreign body from nose.
- 22. Method of insertion of eustachian tube catheter • Nose anaesthetize • Catheter pass along the floor of nose • Turn medially and slightly withdraw such that it fix to the posterior free border of nasal septum. • Turn laterally by 180 degree • Catheter lie against the opening of eustachian tube.
- 23. Otoscope • Electric or battery operated device with magnifying glass. • Detail examination of ear. • Hold in pen holding position.
- 24. Spirit lamp • Use to warm laryngeal and post nasal mirror.
- 25. Baranys Noise Box • Use in audiological testing with tuning fork and speech testing. • Baranys test • Barany noise box is kept on the side of normal ear and on the other ear examiner shouts, if patient is unable to hear: barany deaf ear.
- 26. •Thank you