This document provides information about English grammar tenses and their usage. It discusses the simple past, past continuous, past perfect, and past perfect continuous tenses. It also covers the simple present, present continuous, present perfect, and present perfect continuous tenses. Additionally, it examines the simple future, future continuous, future perfect, and future perfect continuous tenses. The document also includes information on subject pronouns, verb forms, sentence formation, and prepositions.

1. Ms Foram Patel
First Year
ENGLISH LANGUAGE _
GRAMMAR _
TENSES

5. THE PASTE TENSE
THE SIMPLE (INDEFINITE) PAST TENSE
THE PAST CONTINUOUS (PROGRESSIVE) TENSE
THE PAST PERFECT TENSE
THE PAST PERFECT CONT. TENSE
THE PRESENT TENSE
THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
THE PRESENT PERFECT CONT. TENSE
THE FUTURE TENSE
THE SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
THE FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE
THE FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
THE FUTURE PERFECT CONT. TENSE

6. PRONOUN-07 SECOND THIRD (by)
I S my me/mine
HE S his him
SHE S Her/hers her
IT S/P its it
THEY P their them
WE P our us
YOU S/P your you

7. 12
PAST-4
SIMPLE-THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE
CONTINUOUS-THE PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
PERFECT-THE PAST PERFECT TENSE
PERFECT CONTINUOUS-THE PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
PRESENT-4
SIMPLE-SIMPLE-THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
CONTINUOUS- THE PRESENT CONT. TENSE
PERFECT-THE PRESENT PER. TEN
PERFECT CONTINUOUS. THE PRESENT PER. CONT. TENSE
FUTURE-4
SIMPLE
CONTINUOUS
PERFECT
PERFECT CONTINUOUS

8. SENTENCE FORMATION
SUBJECT+’TO BE’ FORM+VERB FROM
(HV)+OBJECT(N/ADV/ADJ)+O.W. OTHER WORDS (ACTIVE VOICE)
OBJECT (PASSIVE VOICE)
1.SUB
NOUN/PRONOUN…..ROCKY/HE….STUDENTS/THEY

9. SINGULAR - PLURAL
STUDENT – STUDENTS
BOY – BOYS
MAN – MEN
WOMAN – WOMEN
CHILD - CHILDREN
FEE - FEE
FISH - FISH
SHEEP - SHEEP
PERSON - PEOPLE

10. SENTENCE FORMATION (3+3)=PAST+PRESENT
SUBJECT+TO BE+VERB(HV)+OBJECT(N/ADV/ADJ)+O.W. OTHER
WORDS (ACTIVE VOICE)
OBJECT (PASSIVE VOICE)
SENTENCE FORMATION (1+)=PAST+PRESENT=SIMPLE
SUBJECT+VERB(HV)+OBJECT(N/ADV/ADJ)+O.W. OTHER

11. SENTENCE FORMATION (3+3)=PAST+PRESENT
SUBJECT+TO BE+VERB(HV)+OBJECT(N/ADV/ADJ)+O.W. OTHER
WORDS (ACTIVE VOICE)=10
OBJECT (PASSIVE VOICE)
1.SUB
2.TO BE
3.VERB
4. OBJECT
SENTENCE FORMATION (1+)=PAST+PRESENT=SIMPLE
SUBJECT+VERB(HV)+OBJECT(N/ADV/ADJ)+O.W. OTHER
1.SUB
2.VERB
3.OBJECT

12. Forms of ‘to be’ = 1 3
Is-am-are
Was-were
Had
Has-have
Do-does
Did
Will-shall

13. TO BE FORMS/ FORMS OF ‘TO BE’-13 (PAST & PRESENT)
CONTINUOUS TENSES (2)
IS-AM-ARE-(3)PRE. CONT.
WAS-WERE-(2)PAST. CONT.
SIMPLE TENSES (2)
DO-DOES(2) –SIMPLE PRESENT
DID(1)-SIMPLE PAST
PERFECT TENSES (2)
HAS-HAVE(2)- PRESENT PERFECT
HAD-(1)PAST PERFECT
WILL-SHALL (2)-FUTURE TENSE/SIMPLE FUTURE

14. SUBJECT
NOUN/
PRONOUN
TO BE FORMS/ FORMS OF ‘TO BE’-
13 (PAST & Present)
VERB FORM (MV-PST-PP-ING-S/ES)
e.g.-speak & write
(Speak-spoke-spoken)// (Write-wrote-
written)
A Student(n)
The students(n)
He (pn)
They (pn)
CONTINUOUS TENSES (2)
IS-AM-ARE-(3)pre. cont.
WAS-WERE-(2)past. cont.
VERB+ING
SPEKAING/WRITING
simple TENSEs (2)
DO-DOES(2) –SIMPLE
PRESENT
DID(1)-SIMPLE PAST
WILL-SHALL (2)-future
tense/simple future
VERB+MAIN VERB
perfect TENSEs (2)
HAS-HAVE(2)- present perfect
HAD-(1)past perfect
VERB+PP

15. HE HAS COMPLETED THE PROJECT.
PRONOUN (SUBJECT) + HAS (TO BE) + COMPLETED
(VERB=COMPLETE/COMPLETED/COMPLETED) + THE PROJECT (O).
THE STUDENTS ARE PLAYING FOOTBALL IN THE GROUND.(PRCT)
A STUDENT IS PLAYING FOOTBALL IN THE GROUND.(PRCT)
SUB + ARE (TO BE) + VERB (PLAY/PLAYED/PLAYED)+ OBJECT+ OW
THE STUDENTS WERE PLAYING FOOTBALL IN THE GROUND. (PCT)
A STUDENT WAS PLAYING FOOTBALL IN THE GROUND.(PCT)
A STUDENT IS PLAYING FOOTBALL IN THE GROUND.
SUB + TO BE+ VERB(PLAY-PLAYED-PLAYED)+OBJECT+OW

16. SUBJECT NOUN (S/P) + TO BE FORM = 12
STUDENTS(P)=DID/WERE/HAD/HAD BEEN//DO/ARE/HAVE/HAVE BEEN//WILL/SHALL
STUDENT (S) =DID/WAS/HAD/HAD BEEN//DOES/IS/HAS/HAS BEEN//WILL/SHALL
SUBJECT_PRONOUN + ‘TO BE’ FORM = 12
I (S) = DID/WAS/HAD/HAD BEEN//DO/AM/HAVE/HAVE BEEN//SHALL
HE/SHE/IT (S) = DID/WAS/HAD/HAD BEEN//DOES/IS/HAS/HAS BEEN//WILL
THEY/WE/YOU (P) = DID/WERE/HAD/HAD BEEN//DO/ARE/HAVE/HAVE BEEN//WILL
I/WE = SHALL
HE/SHE/IT/THEY/YOU = WILL

17. HE HAS COMPLETED THE PROJECT.
HAS HE COMPLETED THE PROJECT?
HE HAS NOT COMPLETED THE PROJECT.
HAS HE COMPLETED THE PROJECT?
I WENT TO MARKET. (GO(MV)-WENT(PTF)-GONE(PP))-DID
(ITTR) DID I GO TO MARKET?
DID I WENT TO MARKET---------INCORRECT
DID+MAIN VERB (GO-WENT-GONE)
DIDN’T I GO TO MARKET?
I DRINK TEA.(THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE)
TO BE-DOES/DO
DO I DRINK TEA?

18. WAS-WERE-IS-AM-ARE= VERB +ING
HAS-HAVE-HAD=VERB+PP
DO-DOES-DID-WILL-SHALL= VERB+MV
THE FUTURE TENSE(TO BE+VERB)_WILL/SHALL
SIMPLE- WILL/SHALL+MV
CONT- WILL/SHALL+BE+V-ING
PERFECT- WILL/SHALL+HAVE+V-PP =WOULD/SHOULD(MA)
PERFECT CONT. - WILL/SHALL+HAVE+BEEN+V-ING =WOULD/SHOUL
APPLE/EAT/I
FUTURE TENSE: (WILL/SHALL)
1.SIMPLE:WILL/SHALL+MV
2.CONT.:WILL/SHALL+BE+V-ING
3.PERFECT: WILL/SHALL+HAVE+V-PP
4.PERFECT CONT.: WILL/SHALL+HAVE+BEEN+V-ING
RULE:
I/WE--------SHALL
THEY/YOU/HE/SHE/IT--------WILL

19. APPLE/EAT/I
FUTURE TENSE: (WILL/SHALL)
1.SIMPLE:WILL/SHALL+MV
2.CONT.:WILL/SHALL+BE+V-ING
3.PERFECT: WILL/SHALL+HAVE+V-PP
4.PERFECT CONT.: WILL/SHALL+HAVE+BEEN+V-ING
SIMPLE
I SHALL EAT AN APPLE.
THE FUTURE CONT. TENSE
I SHALL BE EATING AN APPLE.
THE FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
I SHALL HAVE EATEN AN APPLE.
THE FUTURE PERFECT CONT. TENSE
I SHALL HAVE BEEN EATING AN APPLE.
RULE:
I/WE--------SHALL
THEY/WE/HE/SHE/IT--------WILL

20. HE HAS COMPLETED HIS HOMEWORK. (AFFIRMATIVE)
PRESENT-THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
(INTERROGATIVE)
TO BE (HAS)-?
HAS HE COMPLETED HIS HOMEWORK? (INTRR)
SIMPLE-PAST & PRESENT
PAST (DID)
PRESENT (DO/DOES)
I WENT TO MARKET. (GO-WENT-GONE)
DID I GO TO MARKET?
I WENT TO MARKET.
DID I GO TO MARKET?

21. HAS/HAVE/HAD
1. I have lived in Baroda.(THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE)
2. I had lived in Baroda.
3. I have been living in Baroda (present perfect cont.) “hoon” for almost 4 years.(PrPCT)
4. I had been living in Baroda (past perfect cont.) “thi” since 2000.(THE PAST PERFECT
CONTINUOUS TENSE)
Since/for-time
Since-specific
For-non specific
In/into-
On/over

22. PREPOSITION
In-into
1. I am painting in my room.
2. I am sleeping on my bed in my room.
3. She entered into my room without knocking the door.
4. My mother got into my room to check down what I m doing.
On-over
1. The pen is on the table (on, over)
2. The birds are flying over the bridge. (on, over)

25. WORD-VERB
EAT
EAT-ATE-EATEN
MV-SPT FORM-PP FORM
EAT+ING=EATING
EATS
PAST-PRESENT-FUTURE
PAST
1.THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE-
I ATE APPLE.
2.THE PAST CONT.TENSE
3.THE PAST PERFECT TENSE
4.THE PAST PERF.CONT.TENSE

26. TO BE FORMS
WAS-WERE
HAS-HAVE
HAD
IS-AM-ARE
WILL-SHALL
DID
DO-DOES

27. OBJECT-APPLE
VERB-EAT
1.EAT-ATE-EATEN
PRONOUN (07) =SUBJECT
I-HE-SHE-IT-THEY-WE-YOU
1.SUBJECT+
2.TO BE+
3.VERB FORM+
4.OBJECT

29. PAST TENSE
WAS-WERE(PAST CONT.TENSE)=04
HAD(PAST PERFECT)
DID(SIMPLE PAST)
THE PAST PERFECT CONT. TENSE
HAD+BEEN
PRESENT(IS.AM.ARE.DO.DOES.HAS.HAVE)=07
IS.AM.ARE(PRE.CONT.TENSE)
DO.DOES(SIMPLE)
HAS.HAVE(PRESENT PERFECT TENSE)
PRESENT PERF.CONT.TENSE
HAS/HAVE+BEEN

31. ABBREVIATED FORMS (TO BE-
NOT TO BE)
IS-ISNOT-ISN’T
AM- AM NOT- AM’NT
ARE-ARE NOT- AREN’T
WAS-WAS NOT-WASN’T
WERE-WERE NOT-WEREN’T
HAS-HAS NOT-HASN’T
HAVE NOT-HAVEN’T
DO NOT-DON’T
DOES NOT- DOESN’T
DID NOT-DIDN’T
SHALL NOT- SHAN’T
WILL NOT-WON’T
SHOULD NOT- SHOULDN’T
WOULD NOT-WOULDN’T

35. P R E P A R E D BY F O R A M P A T E L